CN113510839A - Beam prefabricating method with variable length - Google Patents
Beam prefabricating method with variable length Download PDFInfo
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- CN113510839A CN113510839A CN202110847851.XA CN202110847851A CN113510839A CN 113510839 A CN113510839 A CN 113510839A CN 202110847851 A CN202110847851 A CN 202110847851A CN 113510839 A CN113510839 A CN 113510839A
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- pedestal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/02—Moulds with adjustable parts specially for modifying at will the dimensions or form of the moulded article
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
- E01D2/04—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure of the box-girder type
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a length-variable beam prefabricating method, which increases or decreases extension sections by adjusting the positions of a width-variable section, a beam end section and a slope adjuster to meet the beam prefabricating requirements of different lengths.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a method for prefabricating a beam body with variable length.
Background
The construction mode that the bridge body is prefabricated and then integrally transported and installed is widely adopted by the prior buildings such as bridges, elevated frames and the like. For the precast beam sections with different lengths, the existing precast beam yard is usually constructed to meet the corresponding beam-making pedestals of the precast beam sections with different lengths, so that the precast beam yard is provided with the beam-making pedestals of multiple types and quantities, the construction investment is large, and the precast beam yard is not universal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the method for prefabricating the beam body with the variable length aims at solving the problems that the existing precast beam field in the prior art is usually constructed to meet beam-making pedestals corresponding to precast beam sections with different lengths, so that the precast beam field is provided with a plurality of types and quantities of beam-making pedestals, the construction investment is large, and the beam-making pedestals are not universal.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for prefabricating a beam body with variable length comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out prefabrication construction of beams with different lengths on the same pedestal foundation in sequence, superposing the end parts of one side of each beam with all lengths to arrange the pedestal foundation, and designing the pedestal foundation according to the worst load combination of the structure dead weight, the template load and the construction load of each beam with each length;
s2, excavating a pedestal foundation, excavating to form an I-shaped foundation trench, increasing the stress of the pedestal foundation at the end part of the beam body due to tensioning and arching, wherein the width of the pedestal foundation at the end part of the beam body is larger than the width of the pedestal foundation at the other part, and the thickness of the pedestal foundation at the end part of the beam body is larger than the thickness of the pedestal foundation at the other part;
s3, longitudinally pre-burying two rows of vertical anchor bars along the pedestal, respectively welding a piece of pre-buried angle steel along the outer sides of the two rows of anchor bars, transversely arranging a plurality of pre-buried angle steels within the range of 1-2 m at the end, forming the plain concrete pouring pedestal foundation, and enabling the top surfaces of the pre-buried angle steels to be flush with the top surface of the concrete foundation;
s4, mounting I-shaped steel from the middle part to the two ends of the pedestal foundation, wherein the bottom of the I-shaped steel is connected with the embedded angle steel in a welding mode, and spray water pipe holes are formed in the I-shaped steel;
the bottom plate pedestal I-beams positioned in the middle of the beam body are distributed at intervals of 0.5m, each group of I-beams is arranged in every 5m and is welded and fixed with the channel steel on the top surface, and the bottoms of the pedestal I-beams are welded and connected by using small angle steel;
arranging the bottom plate pedestal I-beams positioned at the beam body widening sections at intervals of 0.3m, wherein the widening sections at two ends are respectively in a group, the group of I-beams are welded and fixed with the channel steel on the top surface, and the bottoms of the groups of I-beams are welded and connected by using small angle steels;
the bottom plate pedestal I-beams positioned at the end part of the beam body are distributed in a side-by-side full-distributed mode, the I-beams are welded and fixed with the channel steel on the top surface of the I-beams, and the bottoms of the I-beams are welded and connected by small angle steel;
for the area of the beam body support with the embedded steel plate, a channel steel frame and a top section steel slope regulator are used for forming the area;
s5, four groups of channel steel are arranged on the top surface of the I-steel along the length direction of the pedestal, two groups of end parts are flush with the outer edge of the I-steel, and the channel steel is welded with the I-steel;
s6, paving a pedestal steel plate on the top surface of the channel steel, wherein the pedestal steel plate has the same width as the bottom of the beam body;
s7, binding a beam body reinforcement cage on the pedestal steel plate, arranging templates on two sides of the pedestal steel plate, pouring a beam body, maintaining and forming, and transporting the beam body away from the pedestal;
s8, removing top surface pedestal steel plates at two ends of a pedestal base spanning the middle side and widening the section;
s9, removing the welding connection between the I-shaped steel of the width-changing section and the beam end section and the embedded angle steel of the top surface of the foundation;
s10, hoisting the width-changing section, the beam end section and the slope regulator away;
s11, hoisting the long section pedestal segment welded in advance in place, and welding and fixing;
s12, installing a widening section, a beam end section and a slope regulator;
s13, laying the rest pedestal steel plates;
and S14, binding a new beam body reinforcement cage on the pedestal steel plate, arranging templates on two sides of the pedestal steel plate, pouring a new beam body, and curing and forming.
By adopting the length-variable beam prefabricating method, the lengthening sections are increased or decreased by adjusting the positions of the widening section, the beam end section and the slope adjuster to meet the beam prefabricating requirements of different lengths, the method does not need to rebuild the pedestal for the second time, the pedestal foundation is not changed, the length of the beam-making pedestal can be adjusted at any time according to the field requirements, the pedestal can be recycled for multiple times, the cost is saved, the site of the hardened pedestal foundation is convenient to clean, and the automatic spraying pre-buried pipe cannot be damaged when the pedestal length is lengthened or shortened by arranging the spraying water pipe hole on the I-steel.
Preferably, several extension sections with different length sizes are used in the variable-length beam prefabrication method.
Preferably, the maximum longitudinal slope regulated by the slope regulator is 9%.
Preferably, the slope regulator is a single-bulb screw rod hinge type slope regulator.
Further preferably, single bulb lead screw hinge formula accent sloping ware includes the roof and locates the base on the ground, and base upper portion is equipped with down the otic placode, and the roof lower part is equipped with the otic placode, goes up the otic placode and rotates through the pivot with lower otic placode and connect, sets up flexible seat on the base, flexible seat adaptation telescopic link, flexible seat female fit telescopic link external screw thread, the telescopic link can vertical removal and shore in the roof bottom, the tip of telescopic link is equipped with the bulb.
Adopt this kind of mode setting, the roof can be parallel through the relative longitudinal gradient pre-buried steel sheet bottom surface of pivoted mode to later fix the roof slope through the cooperation of flexible seat and telescopic link, make the roof keep parallel with the longitudinal gradient pre-buried steel sheet bottom surface, have higher precision, to the longitudinal gradient pre-buried steel sheet bottom surface repeatedly usable of different slopes, the cost is controllable, also not influenced by external factor.
Preferably, the pedestal steel plate is a stainless steel plate.
Preferably, in step S3, after the strength of the foundation concrete of the platform meets the design requirement, the floating slurry on the top surface of the embedded angle steel and the uneven part of the platform are cleaned.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the length-variable beam prefabricating method, the lengthening section is increased or reduced by adjusting the positions of the widening section, the beam end section and the slope adjuster to meet the beam prefabricating requirements of different lengths, the method does not need to rebuild a pedestal for the second time, the pedestal foundation is not changed, the length of the beam-making pedestal can be adjusted at any time according to the field requirements, the pedestal can be recycled for multiple times, the cost is saved, the hardened pedestal foundation field is convenient to clean, and the automatic spraying pre-buried pipe cannot be damaged when the pedestal length is lengthened or shortened by arranging the spraying water pipe hole on the I-steel, so that the method is simple in step, convenient to operate and good in effect;
2. according to the length-variable beam prefabricating method, the top plate can be parallel to the bottom surface of the longitudinal-slope embedded steel plate in a rotating mode, and the slope of the top plate is fixed through the matching of the telescopic seat and the telescopic rod, so that the top plate is kept parallel to the bottom surface of the longitudinal-slope embedded steel plate, the precision is high, the bottom surfaces of the longitudinal-slope embedded steel plates with different slopes can be reused, the cost is controllable, and the method is not influenced by external factors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a pedestal base;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the stage;
FIG. 4 is a perspective front view of the pedestal;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a slope regulator;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the use of the slope regulator.
The labels in the figure are: 1-pedestal foundation, 2-embedded angle steel, 3-I-steel, 4-channel steel, 41-grout stopping strip, 5-slope regulator, 51-top plate, 52-base, 53-upper lug plate, 54-lower lug plate, 55-rotating shaft, 56-telescopic seat, 57-telescopic rod, 58-ball head, 6-pedestal steel plate, 7-spray water pipe hole, 8-wire embedding groove and 9-hoisting hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a method for prefabricating a variable-length beam body according to the present invention, in this embodiment, a T-beam of 25m is prefabricated, and then a T-beam of 40m is prefabricated, the method including the following steps:
s1, sequentially carrying 25m T-beams and 40m T-beams on the same pedestal foundation 1 for prefabrication construction, superposing one side end part of the 40m T-beam with one side end part of the 25m T-beam to arrange the pedestal foundation 1, and designing the pedestal foundation 1 according to the worst load combination of the structure dead weight, the template load and the construction load of the 25m T-beam and the 40m T-beam respectively;
s2, excavating a pedestal foundation 1, and excavating to form an I-shaped foundation trench, wherein as shown in figures 1 and 2, the stress of the pedestal foundation 1 at the end part of a beam body is increased due to tensioning and arching, the length, width and thickness of the pedestal foundation 1 at the end part of the beam body are 2m multiplied by 1.8m multiplied by 0.6m, the width and thickness of the pedestal foundation 1 at the other part are 1m multiplied by 0.3m, the excavation is finished, the bearing capacity of the bottom of the foundation trench is detected, and the foundation construction can be carried out when the design requirements are met;
s3, longitudinally pre-burying two rows of vertical anchor bars along a pedestal, respectively welding a piece of pre-buried angle steel 2 along the outer sides of the two rows of anchor bars, transversely arranging a plurality of pre-buried angle steel 2 within the range of 1.6m of the end head, arranging the transversely arranged pre-buried angle steel 2 at intervals of 20cm along the longitudinal direction of the pedestal, arranging a wire burying groove 8 along the central line of the top surface of the pedestal foundation 1, and forming the C20 concrete pouring pedestal foundation 1 as shown in figures 6 and 7, wherein the top surfaces of the pre-buried angle steel 2 are flush with the top surface of the concrete foundation;
after the strength of concrete of the pedestal foundation 1 reaches the design requirement, cleaning up the floating slurry on the top surface of the embedded angle steel 2 and the uneven part of the pedestal;
s4, as shown in the figures 3 and 7, I-shaped steel 3 is installed from the middle part to two ends of the pedestal foundation 1, and the bottom of the I-shaped steel 3 is connected with the embedded angle steel 2 in a welding mode;
the bottom plate pedestal I-beams 3 which are 0.4m wide and are positioned in the middle of the beam body are distributed at intervals of 0.5m, each group of I-beams 3 is arranged in every 5m and is welded and fixed with the channel steel 4 on the top surface, and the bottoms of the base plate pedestal I-beams are welded and connected by using small angle steel;
the H-shaped steel 3 of the base plate pedestal at the 0.4-0.6 m width-changing section of the beam body is distributed at an interval of 0.3m, the width-changing sections at two ends are respectively a group, the H-shaped steel 3 is fixedly welded with the channel steel 4 at the top surface, and the bottom is welded and connected by small angle steel;
the bottom plate pedestal I-steel 3 with the width of 0.6m at the end part of the beam body is arranged in a form of parallel full distribution, the I-steel 3 is welded and fixed with the channel steel 4 on the top surface, and the bottom is welded and connected by using small angle steel;
for an area with the length of 1.6m of the beam body support embedded steel plate, a channel steel 4 frame and a top section steel slope regulator 5 are used, the slope regulator 5 can move back and forth according to the change of a beam field, and the whole can be hoisted;
s5, four groups of channel steel 4 are arranged on the top surface of the I-steel 3 along the length direction of the pedestal, two groups of end parts are flush with the outer edge of the I-steel 3, the notch is outward, and a hard foam grout stopping strip 41 is filled in the channel steel 4, as shown in figures 6 and 7, the channel steel 4 is welded with the I-steel 3;
s6, paving a pedestal steel plate 6 on the top surface of the channel steel 4, wherein the pedestal steel plate 6 is as wide as the bottom of the beam body, and the pedestal steel plate 6 is a stainless steel plate;
s7, binding a beam reinforcement cage on the pedestal steel plate 6, arranging templates on two sides of the pedestal steel plate 6, pouring a beam, maintaining and forming, and transporting the beam away from the pedestal;
s8, removing the top surface pedestal steel plates 6 at two ends of the mid-span wide-section pedestal of the pedestal foundation 1;
s9, removing the welded connection between the I-shaped steel 3 of the width-changing section and the beam end section and the embedded angle steel 2 on the top surface of the foundation;
s10, hoisting the widening section, the beam end section and the slope regulator 5 away;
s11, hoisting the welded extension section pedestal segments in advance in place, welding and fixing, and obtaining corresponding pedestals with required lengths by using extension sections with different length sizes;
s12, installing a widening section, a beam end section and a slope regulator 5;
s13, laying the rest pedestal steel plates 6;
s14, binding a new beam reinforcement cage on the pedestal steel plate 6, arranging templates on two sides of the pedestal steel plate 6, pouring a new beam, and curing and forming.
The quantities of the T-shaped steel 3, the channel steel 4, the angle steel, the pedestal steel plate 6 and the section steel which are specifically applied to the T-shaped beam with the length of 25m and the T-shaped beam with the length of 40m are shown in the following table.
It can be seen from the above table that except 25b i-steel, 5 u-steel, 5# angle steel, and δ 6mm steel plate, the amount of the T beam of the rest material 40m is the same as that of the T beam of 25mT, and the additional increase is needed when the T beam pedestal of 25m is converted into the T beam pedestal of 40 m.
As a preferable scheme of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the slope regulator 5 is a single-ball head screw rod hinge type slope regulator, the maximum longitudinal slope of the slope regulator is 9%, the single-ball head screw rod hinge type slope regulator includes a top plate 51 and a base 52 arranged on a foundation, a lower ear plate 54 is arranged on the upper portion of the base 52, an upper ear plate 53 is arranged on the lower portion of the top plate 51, the upper ear plate 53 and the lower ear plate 54 are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft 55, a telescopic base 56 is arranged on the base 52, the telescopic base 56 is adapted to a telescopic rod 57, the telescopic base 56 is internally threaded with an external thread of the telescopic rod 57, the telescopic rod 57 can vertically move and supports against the bottom of the top plate 51, and a ball 58 is arranged at an end of the telescopic rod 57.
By using the length-variable beam prefabricating method, the lengthening sections are increased or reduced by adjusting the positions of the widening section, the beam end section and the slope regulator 5 to meet the beam prefabricating requirements of different lengths, the method does not need to rebuild the pedestal for the second time, the pedestal foundation 1 is not changed, the length of the beam-making pedestal can be adjusted at any time according to the field requirement, the pedestal can be used repeatedly, the cost is saved, the hardened pedestal foundation 1 is convenient to clean in the field, and the automatic spraying pre-buried pipe cannot be damaged when the pedestal length is lengthened or shortened by arranging the spraying water pipe hole 7 on the I-steel 3; the top plate 51 can be parallel to the bottom surface of the longitudinal-slope embedded steel plate in a rotating mode, and the slope of the top plate is fixed through the matching of the telescopic seat 56 and the telescopic rod 57, so that the top plate is kept parallel to the bottom surface of the longitudinal-slope embedded steel plate, the precision is high, the bottom surfaces of the longitudinal-slope embedded steel plates with different slopes can be reused, the cost is controllable, and the influence of external factors is avoided; the method has simple steps, convenient operation and good effect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for prefabricating a beam body with variable length is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, carrying out prefabrication construction on beams with different lengths on the same pedestal foundation (1), superposing the end parts of one side of the beams with all lengths to arrange the pedestal foundation (1), and designing the pedestal foundation (1) according to the worst load combination of the structure dead weight, the template load and the construction load of each length of beam;
s2, excavating a pedestal foundation (1), excavating to form an I-shaped foundation trench, increasing the stress of the pedestal foundation (1) at the end part of the beam body due to tensioning and arching, wherein the width of the pedestal foundation (1) at the end part of the beam body is larger than that of the pedestal foundations (1) at the other parts, and the thickness of the pedestal foundation (1) at the end part of the beam body is larger than that of the pedestal foundations (1) at the other parts;
s3, longitudinally pre-burying two rows of vertical anchor bars along a pedestal, respectively welding a piece of pre-buried angle steel (2) along the outer sides of the two rows of anchor bars, transversely arranging a plurality of pre-buried angle steels (2) within the range of 1-2 m at the end, forming a plain concrete pouring pedestal foundation (1), and enabling the top surfaces of the pre-buried angle steels (2) to be flush with the top surface of the concrete foundation;
s4, mounting I-shaped steel (3) from the middle part to two ends of the pedestal foundation (1), welding and connecting the bottom of the I-shaped steel (3) with the embedded angle steel (2), and arranging a spray water pipe hole (7) on the I-shaped steel (3);
the bottom plate pedestal I-beams (3) positioned in the middle of the beam body are distributed at intervals of 0.5m, each 5m is arranged into a group, each group of I-beams (3) is welded and fixed with the channel steel (4) on the top surface, and the bottoms of the I-beams are welded and connected by small angle steel;
the bottom plate pedestal I-beams (3) positioned at the beam body widening sections are arranged at intervals of 0.3m, the widening sections at two ends are respectively in a group, the group of I-beams (3) are fixedly welded with the channel steel (4) on the top surface, and the bottoms are connected by small angle steel in a welding manner;
the bottom plate pedestal I-beams (3) positioned at the end part of the beam body are distributed in a side-by-side full distribution mode, the I-beams (3) are welded and fixed with the channel steel (4) on the top surface, and the bottoms are welded and connected by small angle steels;
for the area of the beam body support with the embedded steel plate, a channel steel (4) frame and a top section steel slope regulator (5) are used for forming the area;
s5, four groups of channel steel (4) are arranged on the top surface of the I-steel (3) along the length direction of the pedestal, two groups of end parts are flush with the outer edge of the I-steel (3), and the channel steel (4) is welded with the I-steel (3);
s6, paving a pedestal steel plate (6) on the top surface of the channel steel (4), wherein the pedestal steel plate (6) has the same width as the bottom of the beam body;
s7, binding a beam body reinforcement cage on the pedestal steel plate (6), arranging templates on two sides of the pedestal steel plate (6), pouring a beam body, maintaining and forming, and transporting the beam body away from the pedestal;
s8, removing top surface pedestal steel plates (6) at two ends of a mid-span wide-section pedestal of the pedestal foundation (1);
s9, welding and connecting the I-shaped steel (3) of the width-variable-removing section and the beam end section with the embedded angle steel (2) of the top surface of the foundation;
s10, hoisting the width-changing section, the beam end section and the slope regulator (5) away;
s11, hoisting the long section pedestal segment welded in advance in place, and welding and fixing;
s12, installing a widening section, a beam end section and a slope regulator (5);
s13, laying the rest pedestal steel plates (6);
s14, binding a new beam body reinforcement cage on the pedestal steel plate (6), arranging templates on two sides of the pedestal steel plate (6), pouring a new beam body, and maintaining and forming.
2. A method for prefabricating a variable length beam according to claim 1, including a plurality of elongated sections of different length dimensions.
3. A method for prefabricating a beam with variable length according to claim 1, characterised in that the maximum longitudinal slope adjusted by the slope adjuster (5) is 9%.
4. The method for prefabricating a beam body with a variable length according to claim 1, wherein the slope adjuster (5) is a single bulb screw hinge type slope adjuster.
5. The method for prefabricating the beam with the variable length according to claim 4, wherein the single-bulb screw rod hinge type slope adjuster comprises a top plate (51) and a base (52) arranged on a foundation, a lower lug plate (54) is arranged at the upper part of the base (52), an upper lug plate (53) is arranged at the lower part of the top plate (51), the upper lug plate (53) and the lower lug plate (54) are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft (55), a telescopic seat (56) is arranged on the base (52), the telescopic seat (56) is matched with a telescopic rod (57), the telescopic seat (56) is internally threaded and matched with an external thread of the telescopic rod (57), the telescopic rod (57) can vertically move and is propped against the bottom of the top plate (51), and a bulb (58) is arranged at the end part of the telescopic rod (57).
6. The method for prefabricating a variable length beam according to claim 1, wherein the pedestal steel plate (6) is a stainless steel plate.
7. The method for prefabricating the beam with the variable length according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in step S3, after the strength of the concrete of the pedestal foundation (1) reaches the design requirement, the laitance on the top surface of the embedded angle steel (2) and the uneven part of the pedestal are cleaned.
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| CN202110847851.XA CN113510839A (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Beam prefabricating method with variable length |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115070932A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-20 | 保利长大工程有限公司 | Prefabricating method of high-stability curved plate beam |
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| CN115070932A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-20 | 保利长大工程有限公司 | Prefabricating method of high-stability curved plate beam |
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