CN113505406A - Design method for height of wind-break wall of offshore platform - Google Patents
Design method for height of wind-break wall of offshore platform Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method for the height of a wind-break wall of an offshore platform, which comprises the following steps: determining the winter main wind direction of the sea area according to the sea area where the offshore platform is located; preliminarily determining the arrangement position and the arrangement range of the wind-break wall on the offshore platform according to the main wind direction in winter and the position of the offshore platform; determining the initial height H1 of the wind-break wall according to the fact that the area of the surrounding wind-break wall of the offshore platform is not more than 50% of the total area of the surrounding wind-break wall; and determining whether the offshore platform is a fully ventilated environment and the design value of the height of the wind-break wall according to the preliminary height H1 of the wind-break wall. The design method for the height of the wind-break wall of the offshore platform, disclosed by the invention, can provide a flow-based thought for offshore platform designers, not only considers the requirement of sufficient ventilation, but also has the effect of meeting the wind-break, and is simple and strong in operability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore oil and gas platforms, in particular to a design method for the height of a wind-break wall of an offshore platform.
Background
The Bohai sea area has strong winter season wind and low air temperature, and seriously influences the normal operation of equipment and facilities on the offshore platform and the normal operation of operators. In order to ensure the normal operation of the offshore platform, an enclosing structure needs to be arranged at the edge of the deck of the offshore platform so as to block sea wind and achieve the effect of heat preservation. At present, operators set wind-blocking walls with certain length and height in the upwind direction of the winter main wind direction of an offshore platform according to the characteristics of the winter sea wind of the offshore platform. After the wind-break wall is arranged, the offshore platform is changed from an open multilayer structure to a semi-closed or closed space, so that the condition of insufficient ventilation can be caused, and the risk of oil gas leakage is caused. The leaked oil gas itself is a source of danger, and when the local combustible gas concentration reaches the lower explosion limit, explosion is likely to occur.
At present, relevant standards and specifications do not yet form about technical parameters such as design size, position and type of the wind-break wall of the offshore platform. For the analysis of the local gathering risk of combustible gas, no mature and effective safety evaluation analysis method exists. The design of the wind-break wall of the current offshore platform is not standardized enough and the safety evaluation analysis method is not mature and effective enough, so that the design safety of the wind-break wall of the current offshore platform is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method for the height of a wind-break wall of an offshore platform, which is used for solving the problems that the design of the wind-break wall of the current offshore platform is not standard enough and a safety evaluation analysis method is not mature and effective enough.
The invention provides a design method for the height of a wind-break wall of an offshore platform, which comprises the following steps:
step A: determining the winter main wind direction of the sea area according to the sea area where the offshore platform is located;
and B: preliminarily determining the arrangement position and the arrangement range of the wind-break wall on the offshore platform according to the main wind direction in winter and the position of the offshore platform;
and C: determining the initial height H1 of the wind-break wall according to the fact that the area of the surrounding wind-break wall of the offshore platform is not more than 50% of the total area of the surrounding wind-break wall;
step D: and determining whether the offshore platform is a fully ventilated environment and the design value of the height of the wind-break wall according to the preliminary height H1 of the wind-break wall.
Specifically, the step D includes the steps of:
step D1: if the ratio of the projection area of the wall, the top and the floor formed by the wind-break wall enclosure to the total projection area of the deck of the offshore platform is less than or equal to two thirds, judging that the offshore platform is a non-closed area, under the condition, determining that the offshore platform is a sufficient ventilation environment, and finishing the design work of the height of the wind-break wall by taking the preliminary height H1 of the wind-break wall as the design value of the height of the wind-break wall;
step D2: if the ratio of the projection area of the wall, the top and the floor which are formed by the wind-break wall enclosure to the total projection area of the offshore platform is more than two thirds, the offshore platform is judged to be a closed area, and whether the offshore platform is a sufficient ventilation environment needs to be further determined.
Further, after the step D2, the method further includes the following steps:
(1) if the offshore platform is not provided with an upper deck and a lower deck, or the offshore platform is provided with the upper deck and the lower deck which are both in a grid type, or the offshore platform is not provided with the upper deck, and the enclosed area of the periphery is not more than 75% of the total area of the periphery of the offshore platform, the offshore platform is determined to be in a fully ventilated environment;
(2) if the condition in (1) does not occur, whether the offshore platform is in a sufficient ventilation environment needs to be judged by calculating the ventilation frequency, wherein the ventilation frequency is calculated by the following method:
firstly, calculating the ventilation frequency of the offshore platform;
secondly, setting the ventilation frequency of the offshore platform with the ventilation frequency n being more than or equal to 12 times/min as a critical ventilation frequency, and calculating a designed height value H2 of the wind-break wall according to the critical ventilation frequency, wherein the designed height value H2 of the wind-break wall of the offshore platform meets the critical value of a sufficient ventilation environment;
and finally, comparing the preliminary height H1 of the wind-break wall with the designed value H2 of the height of the wind-break wall, and taking the smaller value as the final designed value of the height of the wind-break wall.
Preferably, the calculation expression of the ventilation times of the offshore platform is as follows:
n is Q/V (formula 1)
In the formula, n is the number of ventilation times per minute; q is the ventilation quantity in the deck of the offshore platform in unit time; v is the space between the decks of the offshore platform;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a design method for the height of a wind-break wall of a marine platform, which provides a clear way for designing the wind-break wall of the marine platform, and defines the design working steps of the wind-break wall, so that the wind-break wall can effectively block sea wind and ensure sufficient ventilation, the design of the wind-break wall is scientific and reasonable, and the problems that the design of the wind-break wall of the marine platform is not standardized and the safety evaluation analysis method is not mature and effective at present are solved. The design method for the height of the wind-break wall of the offshore platform, disclosed by the invention, can provide a flow-based thought for offshore platform designers, not only considers the requirement of sufficient ventilation, but also has the effect of meeting the wind-break, and is simple and strong in operability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of determining a main wind direction in winter in the sea area according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 provides a design method for the height of a wind-break wall of an offshore platform, which includes the following steps:
step A: determining the winter main wind direction of the sea area according to the sea area where the offshore platform is located;
and B: preliminarily determining the arrangement position and the arrangement range of the wind-break wall on the offshore platform according to the main wind direction in winter and the position of the offshore platform, as shown in fig. 1;
and C: determining the initial height H1 of the wind-break wall according to the fact that the area of the surrounding wind-break wall of the offshore platform is not more than 50% of the total area of the surrounding wind-break wall;
it should be noted here that rooms, large facilities, etc. are arranged around the platform, which form a barrier to the platform and form a closed enclosure. This has the same sealing effect as the sealing area caused by the wind-break wall.
Step D: according to the preliminary height H1 of the wind-break wall, whether the offshore platform is a fully ventilated environment and the design value of the height of the wind-break wall is determined, and the method comprises the following steps:
step D1: if the ratio of the projection area of the wall, the top and the floor formed by the wind-break wall enclosure to the total projection area of the deck of the offshore platform is less than or equal to two thirds, judging that the offshore platform is a non-closed area, under the condition, determining that the offshore platform is a sufficient ventilation environment, and finishing the design work of the height of the wind-break wall by taking the preliminary height H1 of the wind-break wall as the design value of the height of the wind-break wall;
step D2: if the ratio of the projection area of the wall, the top and the floor formed by the wind-break wall enclosure to the total projection area of the offshore platform is more than two thirds, the offshore platform is judged to be a closed area, and whether the offshore platform is in a fully ventilated environment needs to be further determined;
(1) if the offshore platform is not provided with an upper deck and a lower deck, or the offshore platform is provided with the upper deck and the lower deck which are both in a grid type, or the offshore platform is not provided with the upper deck, and the enclosed area of the periphery is not more than 75% of the total area of the periphery of the offshore platform, the offshore platform is determined to be in a fully ventilated environment;
(2) if the condition in (1) does not occur, whether the offshore platform is in a sufficient ventilation environment needs to be judged by calculating the ventilation frequency, wherein the ventilation frequency is calculated by the following method:
firstly, calculating the ventilation frequency of the offshore platform, wherein the calculation expression is as follows:
n is Q/V (formula 1)
In the formula, n is the number of ventilation times per minute; q is the ventilation quantity in the deck of the offshore platform in unit time; v is the space between the decks of the offshore platform;
secondly, setting the ventilation frequency of the offshore platform with the ventilation frequency n being more than or equal to 12 times/min as a critical ventilation frequency, and calculating a designed height value H2 of the wind-break wall according to the critical ventilation frequency, wherein the designed height value H2 of the wind-break wall of the offshore platform meets the critical value of a sufficient ventilation environment;
and finally, comparing the preliminary height H1 of the wind-break wall with the designed value H2 of the height of the wind-break wall, and taking the smaller value as the final designed value of the height of the wind-break wall.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (4)
1. A design method for the height of a wind-break wall of an offshore platform is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A: determining the winter main wind direction of the sea area according to the sea area where the offshore platform is located;
and B: preliminarily determining the arrangement position and the arrangement range of the wind-break wall on the offshore platform according to the main wind direction in winter and the position of the offshore platform;
and C: determining the initial height H1 of the wind-break wall according to the fact that the area of the surrounding wind-break wall of the offshore platform is not more than 50% of the total area of the surrounding wind-break wall;
step D: and determining whether the offshore platform is a fully ventilated environment and the design value of the height of the wind-break wall according to the preliminary height H1 of the wind-break wall.
2. The method for designing the height of the wind-break wall of the offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the step D comprises the steps of:
step D1: if the ratio of the projection area of the wall, the top and the floor formed by the wind-break wall enclosure to the total projection area of the deck of the offshore platform is less than or equal to two thirds, judging that the offshore platform is a non-closed area, under the condition, determining that the offshore platform is a sufficient ventilation environment, and finishing the design work of the height of the wind-break wall by taking the preliminary height H1 of the wind-break wall as the design value of the height of the wind-break wall;
step D2: if the ratio of the projection area of the wall, the top and the floor which are formed by the wind-break wall enclosure to the total projection area of the offshore platform is more than two thirds, the offshore platform is judged to be a closed area, and whether the offshore platform is a sufficient ventilation environment needs to be further determined.
3. The method for designing the height of the wind break wall of the offshore platform according to the claim 2, further comprising the following steps after the step D2:
(1) if the offshore platform is not provided with an upper deck and a lower deck, or the offshore platform is provided with the upper deck and the lower deck which are both in a grid type, or the offshore platform is not provided with the upper deck, and the enclosed area of the periphery is not more than 75% of the total area of the periphery of the offshore platform, the offshore platform is determined to be in a fully ventilated environment;
(2) if the condition in (1) does not occur, whether the offshore platform is in a sufficient ventilation environment needs to be judged by calculating the ventilation frequency, wherein the ventilation frequency is calculated by the following method:
firstly, calculating the ventilation frequency of the offshore platform;
secondly, setting the ventilation frequency of the offshore platform with the ventilation frequency n being more than or equal to 12 times/min as a critical ventilation frequency, and calculating a designed height value H2 of the wind-break wall according to the critical ventilation frequency, wherein the designed height value H2 of the wind-break wall of the offshore platform meets the critical value of a sufficient ventilation environment;
and finally, comparing the preliminary height H1 of the wind-break wall with the designed value H2 of the height of the wind-break wall, and taking the smaller value as the final designed value of the height of the wind-break wall.
4. The method of designing a offshore platform wind-break wall height according to claim 3,
the calculation expression of the ventilation times of the offshore platform is as follows:
n is Q/V (formula 1)
In the formula, n is the number of ventilation times per minute; q is the ventilation quantity in the deck of the offshore platform in unit time; v is the space between the decks of the offshore platform.
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