CN113493285A

CN113493285A - Outdoor freshwater fish culture tail water treatment system

Info

Publication number: CN113493285A
Application number: CN202010269984.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄正浩; 施志成; 吴昊; 马尚行; 胡晶
Original assignee: Zhejiang Jec New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Jec New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-08
Filing date: 2020-04-08
Publication date: 2021-10-12

Abstract

The invention relates to an outdoor freshwater fish breeding tail water treatment system, comprising a sedimentation tank, a photo-oxygen microfilter, an aeration tank, a constructed wetland and an ecological zone. The photo-oxygen microfilter includes a filtering device and an ultraviolet lamp, and the photo-oxygen The tail water of the microfiltration machine is filtered by the filter device to filter out the impurities and sludge in the tail water, and is irradiated with ultraviolet light by the ultraviolet lamp, and the water body is aerated and aerated in the aeration tank. consumption of pollutants. The invention adopts the combination of sedimentation, microfiltration and symbiotic ecological technology of bacteria and algae. At the beginning, part of the sludge is removed through the sedimentation tank, and the photo-oxygen microfiltration machine removes the sludge of small particles, which reduces the processing burden of the ecological technology later. Oxygenation and aeration can effectively enhance the reaction effect of the ecological zone and increase the removal rate of pollutants, remove COD, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and a small amount of ammonia nitrogen, and form a symbiotic cycle of bacteria and algae in the ecological zone to further remove harmful substances in water and improve water clarity. .

Description

Outdoor freshwater fish culture tail water treatment system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture water treatment, in particular to an outdoor freshwater fish aquaculture tail water treatment system.

Background

The Zhejiang area always has a large-scale outdoor freshwater fish culture pond, and the mode has the advantages of large culture scale, low operation cost, low required technical requirement and rapid development in rural areas. However, the culture tail water has high suspended matter content, the COD concentration exceeds the standard, the total phosphorus and total nitrogen often cannot reach the discharge standard, a carbon source must be added by adopting the traditional biological denitrification method, the phosphorus removal method generally needs to add medicines, the economy and the operability are poor, and a simple, economical and effective treatment method is urgently needed. In the prior art, for example, a method of combining a common sedimentation tank and a biochemical tank and finally connecting an ecological purification tank for treatment is adopted, but the effect of a single common sedimentation tank is not ideal generally, and the problem of sludge is not well solved, so that the pressure of subsequent biochemical treatment is higher, and the operation cost of an aeration tank is also higher. In addition, the method is that the waste water is treated by an enhanced biological filtration system and then flows to a deep liquid flowing vegetable bed to absorb pollutants through the root system. Although the method is low in cost, the removal rate of COD is only 30% -65%, the effect is common, and the hydroponic vegetables also need a long time to absorb wastes.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems existing in outdoor freshwater fish culture, the invention provides an outdoor freshwater fish culture tail water treatment system, which is used for improving removal of solid particle impurities in culture tail water and enhancing a tail water treatment effect.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an outdoor freshwater fish culture tail water treatment system which is characterized by comprising a sedimentation tank, a photo-oxidation micro-filter, an aeration tank, an artificial wetland and an ecological area, wherein tail water of a culture pond sequentially flows through the sedimentation tank, the photo-oxidation micro-filter comprises a filtering device and an ultraviolet lamp, impurities and sludge in the tail water are filtered by the tail water flowing through the photo-oxidation micro-filter through the filtering device, the tail water is irradiated by the ultraviolet lamp to carry out oxygen enrichment and aeration on a water body, and the ecological area consumes pollutants in the tail water through symbiosis of bacteria and algae.

The outdoor freshwater fish culture tail water treatment system provided by the invention adopts the combination of sedimentation, microfiltration and bacteria-algae symbiotic ecological technologies, removes partial sludge through the sedimentation tank at the beginning, removes small-particle sludge through the photo-oxygen microfiltration machine, reduces the treatment burden of the subsequent ecological technology, can effectively enhance the reaction effect of the ecological area and increase the pollutant removal rate through oxygen aeration, removes COD (chemical oxygen demand), total phosphorus, total nitrogen and a small amount of ammonia nitrogen, and further removes harmful substances in water and improves the clarity of the water by forming bacteria-algae symbiotic circulation in the ecological area. The invention has reasonable structural design and good treatment effect on tail water.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, the outdoor freshwater fish culture tail water treatment system comprises a sedimentation tank 1, a photo-oxygen micro-filter 2, an aeration tank 3, an artificial wetland 4 and an ecological area 5, wherein tail water of a culture pond sequentially flows through the sedimentation tank. A fluid director 6 is arranged in the sedimentation tank 1, the height of the main body of the fluid director 6 is 2m, the upper end of the fluid director 6 exceeds the ground by 20cm, and the diameter of the fluid director is 60 cm. The water inlet of the fluid director 6 is arranged above the water surface of the sedimentation tank 1, the water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the fluid director, and the water outlet of the fluid director is arranged at the middle and lower parts of the sedimentation tank 1. The water in the culture pond is connected to the water inlet at the upper end of the fluid director 6 through a pipeline or a ditch, enters the fluid director 6 from the water inlet, is guided by the fluid director 6 to flow out from the water outlet at the bottom to the middle and lower parts of the sedimentation tank 1, and large granular solids in the culture tail water are removed by sedimentation in the sedimentation tank. The fluid director 6 guides the water in the culture pond to flow into the middle and lower parts of the sedimentation tank, large-particle impurities sink to the bottom to form sludge, and the fluid director has an auxiliary sedimentation effect and enhances the sedimentation effect. The depth of the sedimentation tank 1 is kept at 4m, and the shape is not limited, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation. Continuous soil slopes with the height of 0.5m and the width of 0.3m can be piled at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1, and the interval between two adjacent soil slopes is 3-5 m, so that the resistance of sludge flowing along with water flow is increased, and the sludge sedimentation efficiency is increased. And arranging a reed field at the water outlet corner of the sedimentation tank, and planting reeds on the reed field, wherein the size of the reed field can be 2m by 2 m.

The light oxygen micro-filter 2 is arranged beside the sedimentation tank 1 and at a position close to a reed field of the sedimentation tank. Light oxygen micro-filter 2 includes the inlet tube, the outlet pipe, the elevator pump, filter equipment and ultraviolet lamp, sedimentation tank 1 and aeration tank 3 are put into respectively to inlet tube and outlet pipe, the mouth of pipe of inlet tube is put on the reed ground of sedimentation tank, the elevator pump promotes the water in sedimentation tank 1 to the elevator pump, filter equipment filters impurity and the mud of aquatic, the ultraviolet lamp carries out ultraviolet irradiation to the water in the light oxygen micro-filter, water in the light oxygen micro-filter flows into aeration tank 3 from the outlet pipe at last. The ultraviolet lamp can kill the mixed bacteria by emitting ultraviolet rays, so that the influence of the mixed bacteria on the subsequent process is reduced, and the ultraviolet rays can play a certain role in catalyzing and oxidizing pollutants. The filtering device comprises a rotary drum, a reflux pump and a reflux pipe, wherein the rotary drum can rotate, a filter screen is arranged on the rotary drum, sewage in the sedimentation tank enters the rotary drum through a water inlet pipe, impurities and sludge in the water are intercepted on the inner surface of the filter screen on the drum, when the impurities intercepted on the filter screen are brought to the upper part of the photo-oxidation micro-filter by the rotary drum, the impurities are back-flushed by pressure flushing water of the reflux pump and flow back to a reed field of the sedimentation tank through the reflux pipe, and the reflux pump can extract filtered water in the photo-oxidation micro-filter to serve as the pressure flushing water. The filtering device filters particle suspended matters and sludge in the tail water, thereby being beneficial to reducing the slow release of COD and ammonia nitrogen in the sludge in a subsequent process treatment area and indirectly reducing the COD and ammonia nitrogen in a subsequent water body; ultraviolet sterilization is carried out by an ultraviolet lamp, and meanwhile, the photocatalytic oxidation is carried out, so that the influence of mixed bacteria on the subsequent process is reduced. The water circulation of the whole treatment system adjusts the flow rate through the water passing through the photo-oxygen micro-filter.

The water from the photo-oxygen micro-filter 2 enters an aeration tank 3. 3 degree of depth in aeration tank is 2.5m, is equipped with the aeration machine, and the aeration machine includes ABS trachea and micropore aeration dish, and the fan on the ABS trachea is connected ashore, through fan and aeration machine aeration oxygen suppliment, increases the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water, improves the ecological treatment absorption effect in follow-up good oxygen district, and the dissolved oxygen control in the aeration tank is more than 3.5 mg/l. The bottom of the aeration tank is paved with a 0.4mm geomembrane for anti-seepage treatment, and simultaneously, nitrobacteria are put in, which is beneficial to promoting biochemical reaction.

The tail water from the aeration tank 3 enters the artificial wetland 4, and the artificial wetland adsorbs solid particles in the aeration-treated aquaculture tail water and absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus through plants. The length of the artificial wetland is 10m (the length can be properly increased or decreased according to actual conditions), the whole height is 70cm, the width is 3m, the outer frame is made of stainless steel nets, the middle of the lower layer with the height of 50cm is filled with volcanic rocks with the width of 1.5m, the two sides of the lower layer with the height of 50cm are respectively filled with cobbles with the width of 75cm, the upper layer with the height of 20cm is filled with large-particle ceramsite in the full-width range, and plants are planted above the ceramsite. The diameter of the cobblestones is 3-6 cm, the distance between grids of the stainless steel net is smaller than the diameter of the cobblestones, water passing is guaranteed, and meanwhile the internal fillers are prevented from flowing out.

The ecological region 5 comprises an aerobic region I51, a facultative region 52 and an aerobic region II 53 which are arranged in sequence, tail water from the artificial wetland 4 flows through the aerobic region I51, the facultative region 52 and the aerobic region II 53 in sequence, and the ecological region realizes the consumption of pollutants through the symbiosis of bacteria and algae.

Nitrifying bacteria are put in the aerobic zone I51, the tape grass is planted, elements such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body are absorbed through the root system, and the culture tail water and nutrients overflowing from the ditch bottom are fully utilized. The aerobic zone I51 needs to control the water level to be kept at about 50cm, so that the illumination intensity of the tape grass is ensured to be proper, and meanwhile, enough oxygen is provided to ensure the growth of the tape grass. The eel grass grows well and can ensure that the put nitrobacteria have good attachment places. The aerobic zone I51 removes harmful substances in the culture tail water filtered by the artificial wetland by using fungi and plants.

The facultative aerobe area 52 is 1.2m deep, denitrifying bacteria are put in the water, the ecological floating island 7 is placed on the water surface, plants such as foxtail algae and copper cash are planted in the ecological floating island 7, elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water are absorbed through root systems, meanwhile, fishes and shrimps are put in the water, the fishes mainly comprise filter-feeding fishes, such as silver carps and bighead carps, the organisms can eat toxic and harmful substances floating in the water in the tail water of the culture, but the fishes need to be put in the water after the plants grow to a certain scale. The facultative zone 52 utilizes the plants and the bacteria in the water on the ecological floating island to remove the harmful substances in the culture tail water which is ecologically treated by the aerobic zone.

Nitrifying bacteria are put in the aerobic zone II 53, the tape grass is planted, elements such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body are absorbed through the root system, and the culture tail water and nutrients overflowing from the ditch bottom are fully utilized. The aerobic zone II 53 needs to control the water level to be kept at about 50cm, so that the illumination intensity of the tape grass is ensured to be proper, and meanwhile, enough oxygen is provided to ensure the growth of the tape grass. The eel grass grows well and can ensure that the put nitrobacteria have good attachment places. And the second aerobic zone 53 removes harmful substances in the culture tail water by using fungi and plants. And a discharge pipeline is arranged in the aerobic zone II 53, and the treated water in the aerobic zone is directly discharged or discharged back to the culture pond through the discharge pipeline for culture. Besides a discharge pipeline, a return pipe 8 leading to the sedimentation tank is arranged in the aerobic zone II 53, a valve is arranged on the return pipe 8, tail water treated in the aerobic zone II 53 returns to the sedimentation tank 1 through the return pipe 8, and the return is controlled through the valve, so that water in the whole treatment area flows at a time except a centralized drainage period.

The oxygen generated by the plants in the aerobic zone and the facultative zone is used for strain metabolism, the strain metabolism generates carbon dioxide, the plants absorb the carbon dioxide to continuously generate oxygen, and the biological reaction in the aerobic bacteria metabolism process can effectively degrade nitrogen, phosphorus and COD. The aeration zone can ensure that the metabolism and oxygen consumption of aerobic bacteria can be ensured when the oxygen generated by the plants in the continuous drainage period is insufficient. After the strain dies, the strain is precipitated to a sludge layer formed at the bottom and can also be used as metabolic nutrient of anaerobic bacteria, the anaerobic bacteria metabolizes to generate a carbon source and can also be used as nutrient of aerobic bacteria to continuously consume nitrogen and phosphorus, thereby forming the symbiotic cycle of bacteria and algae.

Tail water of the culture pond flows into the fluid director in the settling zone, large-particle impurities sink to the bottom to form sludge through auxiliary settling of the fluid director, and smaller-particle pollutants flow along with the water and are filtered by the photo-oxygen micro-filter to remove the small-particle sludge, so that the treatment burden of the subsequent ecological technology is reduced, the area of the settling pond can be reduced, and the whole system is not easy to block; the filtered tail water flows to a subsequent aeration area, and the reaction effect of the ecological area can be effectively enhanced, the pollutant removal rate can be increased, and COD (chemical oxygen demand) and total phosphorus, total nitrogen and a small amount of ammonia nitrogen are removed through oxygenation aeration; tail water flows into the first aerobic zone after passing through the artificial wetland, and is absorbed by animals and plants in the facultative zone and the second aerobic zone, so that harmful substances are further removed, the clarity is improved, and the tail water can be directly discharged or continuously recycled. The invention combines the precipitation, the microfiltration and the bacteria-algae symbiosis ecological technology, has reasonable structural design and good tail water treatment effect.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an outdoor freshwater fish breeds tail water processing system, a serial communication port, including the sedimentation tank that the tail water of breeding the pond flows through in proper order, light oxygen microstrainer, the aeration tank, constructed wetland and ecological zone, light oxygen microstrainer includes filter equipment and ultraviolet lamp, the tail water of light oxygen microstrainer of flowing through filters impurity and mud in the tail water by filter equipment, and send ultraviolet irradiation by ultraviolet lamp, carry out the oxygenation aeration to the water in the aeration tank, the ecological zone comes the pollutant consumption to the tail water through fungus algae symbiosis.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the ecological region comprises a first aerobic region, a facultative region and a second aerobic region, wherein tail water flows through the first aerobic region, the facultative region and the second aerobic region in sequence, nitrifying bacteria are put in the first aerobic region and the second aerobic region, the bitter herbs are planted, denitrifying bacteria and fish and shrimp are put in a water body of the facultative region, an ecological floating island is arranged on the water surface, and plants are planted in the ecological floating island.

3. The system for treating the tail water generated by culturing the outdoor freshwater fish as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outer frame of the artificial wetland is made of stainless steel nets, the middle of the lower layer is filled with volcanic rocks, two sides of the lower layer are filled with cobblestones, the upper layer is filled with large-particle ceramsite, plants are planted on the ceramsite, and the space between the grids of the stainless steel nets is smaller than the diameter of the cobblestones.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the sedimentation tank is provided with a flow guider, a water inlet of the flow guider is above the water surface of the sedimentation tank, a water outlet of the flow guider is at the middle and lower positions of the sedimentation tank, and the tail water of the culture pond enters the flow guider through the water inlet and flows out of the water outlet into the sedimentation tank.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the aerobic zone II is provided with a return pipe leading to the sedimentation tank, and a valve is arranged on the return pipe.

6. The system for treating the tail water of the outdoor freshwater fish culture as claimed in claim 5, wherein nitrifying bacteria are put in the aeration tank, and a geomembrane for anti-seepage treatment is laid at the bottom of the aeration tank.

7. The system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the light oxygen micro-filter further comprises a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a lift pump, the filtering device comprises a rotary drum, a reflux pump and a reflux pipe, the water inlet pipe and the reflux pipe are communicated with the sedimentation tank, the water outlet pipe is communicated with the aeration tank, the rotary drum is provided with a filter screen and can rotate, the lift pump lifts tail water in the sedimentation tank through the filter screen on the rotary drum and flows into the aeration tank, and impurities trapped by the filter screen are washed to the reflux pipe by the reflux pump and flow back to the sedimentation tank.