CN113491851A - Self-service high altitude construction riser - Google Patents
Self-service high altitude construction riser Download PDFInfo
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- CN113491851A CN113491851A CN202110877539.5A CN202110877539A CN113491851A CN 113491851 A CN113491851 A CN 113491851A CN 202110877539 A CN202110877539 A CN 202110877539A CN 113491851 A CN113491851 A CN 113491851A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002468 fat body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
- A62B35/0006—Harnesses; Accessories therefor
- A62B35/0018—Full body harnesses covering at least shoulders and thighs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
- A62B35/0006—Harnesses; Accessories therefor
- A62B35/0025—Details and accessories
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Abstract
本发明公开一种自助式高空作业升降器，包括机架、绕绳轴、驱动装置和排绳器；绕绳轴可转动地设置在所述机架上，绕绳轴上设有通过卷绕而实现收放的绳索；驱动装置用于驱动所述绕绳轴转动；排绳器包括具有单向螺纹槽且与绕绳轴平行设置的螺杆、可轴向移动但沿周向固定地设于所述螺杆上的滑台、由单数个齿轮依次传动连接构成的第一传动路径、由复数个齿轮依次传动连接构成的第二传动路径、变向驱动机构；变向驱动机构包括能够在所述第一传动路径和所述第二传动路径之间切换以驱动其中之一的转向驱动齿轮；利用具有单向螺纹槽的螺杆完成排绳功能，螺杆的制造成本低且制造简单；螺杆直接与滑台螺纹连接，滑台或螺杆的损耗率低，结构稳定性高。
The invention discloses a self-service aerial work lifter, comprising a frame, a rope winding shaft, a driving device and a rope rower; the rope winding shaft is rotatably arranged on the frame, and the rope winding shaft is provided with a winding And realize the retractable rope; the driving device is used to drive the rope winding shaft to rotate; the rope discharging device includes a screw rod with a one-way thread groove and arranged in parallel with the rope winding shaft, which can be moved axially but is fixedly arranged in the circumferential direction. The sliding table on the screw rod, the first transmission path formed by the sequential transmission and connection of a single number of gears, the second transmission path formed by the sequential transmission and connection of a plurality of gears, and the direction-changing drive mechanism; Switch between the first transmission path and the second transmission path to drive one of the steering drive gears; the screw with one-way thread groove is used to complete the function of arranging the rope, and the manufacturing cost of the screw is low and simple; the screw is directly connected to the sliding Table screw connection, low loss rate of sliding table or screw, high structural stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lifting devices, in particular to a self-service overhead working lifter.
Background
Existing lifting devices are generally lifted by rope traction, wherein the rope is wound around a rope shaft to be wound and unwound; in order to enable the ropes to be regularly arranged on the rope winding shaft and avoid the ropes from being knotted due to disorder, the ropes in the winding process are arranged by combining a rope arranger; referring to chinese patent publication No. CN204474221U, chinese patent publication No. CN204232132U, and the like, it can be seen that the conventional rope arranger basically arranges ropes by using a bidirectional screw, the bidirectional screw and a rope winding shaft are synchronously rotated by providing a sliding table for limiting the rope on the bidirectional screw, and when the rope winding shaft is in a winding rope, the sliding table on the bidirectional screw moves in the axial direction, so that the rope is neatly arranged during winding; and because the two-way screw rod is provided with two opposite thread grooves, when the sliding table moves to the end along one thread groove, the sliding table jumps to be matched with the other thread groove so as to move in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the reciprocating lamination of the rope on the rope winding shaft.
However, the precision requirement of the bidirectional screw is high, and the manufacturing cost and the manufacturing difficulty are also high; in addition, a crescent-shaped member is required to be arranged in the sliding table to realize jumping from one thread groove to the other thread groove, the structure of the crescent-shaped member can refer to the chinese patent with the publication number of CN108853766A, and because the crescent-shaped member needs to continuously move and jump in the thread groove, the wear rate is high, and the crescent-shaped member is easy to be damaged, the stability of the rope guider is not high enough.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a self-service overhead working lifter, which can solve the problems of unstable rope arrangement function and high manufacturing difficulty of the conventional lifting device.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a self-service aerial lift comprising:
the rope winding device comprises a rack, a rope winding shaft, a driving device and a rope guider;
the rope winding shaft is rotatably arranged on the rack, and a rope wound and unwound is arranged on the rope winding shaft;
the driving device is used for driving the rope winding shaft to rotate;
the rope guider comprises a screw rod which is provided with a one-way thread groove and is arranged in parallel with the rope winding shaft, a sliding table which can move axially and is fixedly arranged on the screw rod along the circumferential direction, a first transmission path which is formed by sequentially connecting odd gears in a transmission way, a second transmission path which is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of gears in a transmission way, and a direction-changing driving mechanism;
the sliding table is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the screw rod is rotated to drive the sliding table to move axially, and the rope penetrates through the sliding table; a gear at one end of the first transmission path is in transmission connection with the screw, and a gear at the other end of the first transmission path is defined as a first steering gear; a gear at one end of the second transmission path is in transmission connection with the screw, and a gear at the other end of the second transmission path is defined as a second steering gear; the direction-changing driving mechanism comprises a steering driving gear which can be switched between the first steering gear and the second steering gear to drive one of the first steering gear and the second steering gear; the steering driving gear and the rope winding shaft rotate synchronously;
wherein the first drive path and the second drive path are independent of each other; or the first transmission path and the second transmission path partially coincide.
As a further alternative to the self-service aerial lift, the direction-changing drive mechanism comprises:
the turning planet carrier is provided with a plurality of turning driving gears which are used as planet gears on the turning planet carrier;
the rope arranging synchronous shaft and the rope winding shaft synchronously rotate, and a turning sun gear which synchronously rotates is arranged on the rope arranging synchronous shaft and is meshed with the turning driving gear;
the intermittent motion mechanism comprises a continuous driving part and an intermittent driven part, and the continuous driving part is in transmission connection with the rope arranging synchronous shaft through a speed reducing mechanism; the intermittent driven piece is in synchronous rotating connection with the turning planet carrier;
the included angle between the two adjacent steering driving gears and the central axis of the turning planet carrier is a first included angle, the included angles between the first steering gear and the central axis of the turning planet carrier, the included angles between the second steering gear and the central axis of the turning planet carrier are second included angles, and the first included angle is twice of the second included angle; the rope-arranging synchronizing shaft and the screw have the same rotating speed.
As a further alternative of the self-service overhead working lifter, the direction-changing planet carrier and the intermittent driven piece are both rotatably sleeved on the rope-arranging synchronizing shaft; a supporting rod arranged in parallel with the rope arranging synchronizing shaft is arranged outside the rope arranging synchronizing shaft, and the continuous driving link is rotatably arranged on the supporting rod; the speed reducing mechanism comprises a speed reducing transmission path formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of gears in a transmission manner, the gears on the speed reducing transmission path are respectively sleeved on the rope arranging synchronizing shaft and the supporting rod, the gear at one end of the speed reducing transmission path is synchronously and rotatably connected with the rope arranging synchronizing shaft, and the gear at the other end is synchronously and rotatably connected with the continuous driving part.
As a further alternative to the self-service aerial work riser, the rope winding shaft is axially hollow; the driving device is arranged inside the rope winding shaft; the driving device comprises an axial hollow supporting cylinder, an external rotation type driver with a self-locking function, a main shaft, a driving cylinder with an inner gear ring and a driving planet carrier; the external rotation type driver comprises an inner stator fixedly sleeved on the supporting cylinder and an outer rotor rotatably sleeved outside the inner stator; the outer rotor is fixedly connected with the driving cylinder to synchronously rotate; the driving planet carrier is provided with a plurality of planet wheels meshed with the inner gear ring of the driving cylinder, the main shaft is arranged in the supporting cylinder, and the main shaft is provided with a driving sun wheel meshed with the planet wheels on the driving planet carrier; a driving plate is arranged in the rope winding shaft, and the driving planet carrier is in transmission connection with the driving plate; in a state that the main shaft is fixed, the outer rotor drives the driving planet carrier to rotate, and the driving planet carrier drives the driving plate to rotate so as to realize the rotation of the rope winding shaft; the rope arranging synchronizing shaft and the driving plate are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected in the circumferential direction.
As a further alternative of the self-service overhead working lifter, the driving planet carrier is connected with a multi-stage planetary reduction mechanism, and the planet carrier at the last stage of the multi-stage planetary reduction mechanism is coaxially arranged and fixedly connected with the driving plate in the rope winding shaft; and the outer rotating driver and the multistage planetary reduction mechanism are externally provided with a protective cylinder, the protective cylinder is fixedly connected with the rack, and an inner gear ring matched with the multistage planetary reduction mechanism is arranged in the protective cylinder.
As a further alternative to the self-service aerial work lift, a braking device is included, the braking device including a first braking mechanism for braking the main shaft and a second braking mechanism for braking the rope winding shaft; a brake disc is arranged on the main shaft;
the first brake mechanism comprises a first disc brake sheet and a second disc brake sheet which are respectively arranged on two sides of the brake disc, and the second disc brake sheet is driven by a spiral push rod to approach/depart from the first disc brake sheet; the spiral pushing rod is connected with a connecting rod mechanism; the connecting rod mechanism is driven to realize the rotation of the spiral push rod;
the second brake mechanism comprises two drum brake pieces arranged in the rope winding shaft, and an expansion and contraction piece used for enabling the two drum brake pieces to expand to rub the rope winding shaft, and the expansion and contraction piece rotates to realize the expansion and contraction of the two drum brake pieces.
As a further alternative of the self-service overhead working lifter, the braking device further comprises a linkage shaft, a first through hole is formed in the expansion and contraction piece, a second through hole is formed in a connecting rod of the connecting rod mechanism, and the linkage shaft is inserted into the first through hole and the second through hole; a first clamping groove is formed in the inner wall of the first through hole, a first ejecting block which is correspondingly inserted into the first clamping groove is arranged on the linkage shaft, and a first virtual position for the first ejecting block to move along a first direction in the circumferential direction is arranged in the first clamping groove; a second clamping groove is formed in the inner wall of the second through hole, a second top block correspondingly inserted into the second clamping groove is arranged on the linkage shaft, a second virtual position for the second top block to move along a second direction in the circumferential direction is arranged in the second clamping groove, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction; when the linkage shaft is at an initial position, the first brake mechanism is in a brake state, and the second brake mechanism is in a release state; when the linkage shaft rotates from the initial position to the first direction, the second top block enables the connecting rod mechanism to swing to rotate the spiral pushing rod, so that the main shaft is loosened, and the first top block enters the first virtual position; when the linkage shaft rotates from the initial position to the second direction, the first top block enables the expansion and contraction piece to rotate, so that the two drum brake pieces are expanded to realize the braking of the rope winding shaft, and the second top block enters the second virtual position; the two drum brake pieces are tightened through the first reset component, so that the rope winding shaft is loosened; the spiral push rod realizes resetting through a second resetting component acting on the connecting rod mechanism, so that the main shaft is fixed.
As a further alternative of the self-service overhead working lifter, the rotation of the linkage shaft is controlled by a control rocker arm, one end of the control rocker arm is provided with an adapter, and the adapter is fixedly connected with the linkage shaft; the control rocker arm is internally provided with a cavity, the adapter is connected with the inner wall of the control rocker arm through a clutch structure, and the stop state of the clutch structure is realized through a third resetting component, so that the fixed connection between the adapter and the control rocker arm is realized; the locking state of the clutch structure is released through the trigger, so that the rotatable connection of the adapter and the control rocker arm is realized.
As a further alternative to the self-service aerial work riser, the clutch mechanism comprises arcuate ports provided in an inner wall of the cavity of the control rocker arm, the arcuate ports comprising a relatively wide portion and a relatively narrow portion; a movable roller is correspondingly arranged in the arc-shaped opening; the adapter is provided with a cylindrical part embedded into the cavity of the control rocker arm, a clutch driving part is rotatably arranged on the cylindrical part, a catching groove for the roller to enter is formed in the clutch driving part, and the catching groove penetrates through the upper part and the lower part; the roller is driven within the relatively wide portion or the relatively narrow portion by rotating the clutch drive.
As a further alternative of the self-service aerial work lift, the trigger is a traction rope for pulling the clutch driving piece to rotate.
As a further alternative to the self-service aerial lift, the control rocker has a bendable hinge, which allows the control rocker to remain straight by means of a fourth resetting means.
As a further alternative of the self-service aerial work lifter, the self-service aerial work lifter further comprises a rope tightener, wherein the rope tightener comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft, a driving pulley is arranged on the driving shaft, a driven pulley is arranged on the driven shaft, and the driving pulley and the driven pulley are respectively positioned on two sides of the rope to clamp the rope; the driving shaft is in transmission connection with the motor, a buffer spring is connected to the driving shaft or the driven shaft, and the buffer spring enables the driving pulley or the driven pulley to press the rope.
As a further alternative of the self-service aerial work lifter, the motor is connected with a safety output mechanism, and the safety output mechanism comprises a friction fixing ring with an inner gear ring, a euphroe planet carrier, a euphroe planet wheel arranged on the euphroe planet carrier and a euphroe sun wheel connected to the motor; the rope tightening sun wheel, the rope tightening planet wheel and the friction fixing ring form a planet wheel train structure; the rope tightening planet carrier is in transmission connection with the driving shaft; the friction fixing ring is externally provided with an adjustable braking mechanism for providing specified braking force for the friction fixing ring, the adjustable braking mechanism comprises a friction plate for providing friction force on the outer surface of the friction fixing ring, and the friction plate and the pressure on the outer surface of the friction fixing ring are adjusted to adjust the size of the friction force.
As a further alternative of the self-service aerial work lifter, the frame is covered with a shell, and a safety bandage for the wearer to carry on the back is arranged on the frame.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the screw with the one-way thread groove is used for completing the rope arranging function, and the screw is low in manufacturing cost and simple to manufacture; the screw rod is directly connected with the sliding table in a threaded mode, the sliding table or the screw rod is low in loss rate, and structural stability is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a self-service aerial work riser;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a self-service aerial lift;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the drive device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drive device disposed within the cord reel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the spindle;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of the rope guider to the rope winding shaft;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the rope guider;
FIG. 8 is one of the exploded views of the rope guider;
FIG. 9 is a side view of the rope arranger;
fig. 10 is a second schematic exploded view of the rope arranger;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the rope guider mounted on the frame;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the first brake mechanism;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the first braking mechanism braking the brake rotor;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 12;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of the second brake mechanism;
FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 is an exploded view of the braking device;
FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of the control rocker arm;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the connection of the control rocker arm and the adapter;
FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of C in FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is an exploded view of the control rocker arm and the adapter;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the cord tightener mounted to the frame;
FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the cord tightener;
FIG. 24 is an exploded view of the rope tensioner;
FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the cord tightener gripping a cord;
in the figure: 1. a frame; 11. a housing; 12. a safety harness;
2. a rope winding shaft; 21. a rope; 22. a drive plate;
3. a rope guider; 31. a screw; 32. a sliding table; 321. a guide wheel; 322. a rope guide frame; 33. a first transmission path; 331. a first steering gear; 34. a second drive path; 341. a second steering gear; 35. a direction-changing driving mechanism; 351. a direction-changing planet carrier; 352. a steering drive gear; 353. a continuous prime mover; 354. an intermittent driven member; 355. a rope-arranging synchronizing shaft; 356. a direction-changing sun wheel; 357. a speed reduction mechanism; 358. a support bar; a. a first included angle; b. a second included angle;
4. a drive device; 41. a support cylinder; 42. an external rotation drive; 421. an inner stator; 422. an outer rotor; 43. a drive cylinder; 44. a driving planet carrier; 45. a main shaft; 451. a driving sun gear; 452. a brake disc; 46. a multi-stage planetary reduction mechanism; 47. a protective cylinder;
5. a braking device; 51. a first brake mechanism; 511. a first disc brake pad; 512. a second disc brake pad; 513. a screw pushing rod; 514. a link mechanism; 515. a second perforation; 516. a second dummy bit; 517. a second reset member; 52. a second brake mechanism; 521. a drum brake sheet; 522. a telescopic member; 523. a first perforation; 524. a first dummy bit; 53. a linkage shaft; 531. a first top block; 532. a second top block;
6. a control rocker arm; 61. an adapter; 62. an inner cavity; 621. an arc-shaped opening; 622. a relatively narrow portion; 623. a relatively wide portion; 63. a clutch drive; 631. buckling grooves; 64. a roller; 65. a third reset member; 66. a hauling rope; 67. a hinge portion; 68. a fourth reset member;
7. a rope tensioner; 71. a drive shaft; 711. a driving pulley; 72. a driven shaft; 721. a driven pulley; 73. a buffer spring; 74. a motor; 75. a safety output mechanism; 751. a friction fixing ring; 752. a rope tightening planet carrier; 753. a rope tightening planet wheel; 754. a rope tightening sun wheel; 76. an adjustable braking mechanism; 761. a friction plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or that only the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Referring to fig. 1-11, there is shown a self-service aerial work riser comprising a frame 1, a rope winding shaft 2, a drive device 4, a rope arranger 3; referring to fig. 2, the rope winding shaft 2 is rotatably disposed on the frame 1, and a rope 21 wound and unwound by the rope winding shaft 2 is disposed thereon; referring to fig. 3 and 4, the driving device 4 is used for driving the rope shaft 2 to rotate.
Wherein, in order to arrange the ropes 21 on the rope winding shaft 2 in order, the rope guider 3 is used for arranging the ropes 21 during winding; referring to fig. 6 to 11, the rope guider 3 includes a screw 31 having a one-way thread groove and disposed in parallel with the rope winding shaft 2, a sliding table 32 axially movable but circumferentially fixed on the screw 31, a first transmission path 33 formed by sequentially connecting odd number gears, a second transmission path 34 formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of gears, and a direction-changing driving mechanism 35; the sliding table 32 is in threaded connection with the screw 31, and the rope 21 penetrates through the sliding table 32 by rotating the screw 31 to drive the sliding table 32 to move axially; a gear at one end of the first transmission path 33 is in transmission connection with the screw 31, and a gear at the other end is defined as a first steering gear 331; a gear at one end of the second transmission path 34 is in transmission connection with the screw 31, and a gear at the other end is defined as a second steering gear 341; the direction change driving mechanism 35 includes a steering drive gear 352 switchable between the first steering gear 331 and the second steering gear 341 to drive one of them, and the steering drive gear 352 rotates in synchronization with the rope winding shaft 2. In other words, referring to fig. 9, when the steering driving gear 352 is engaged with the first steering gear 331, the steering driving gear 352 drives the screw 31 to rotate through the first transmission path 33, and the screw 31 rotates in the same direction as the rotation driving gear; when the steering driving gear 352 is engaged with the second steering gear 341, the steering driving gear 352 drives the screw 31 to rotate through the second transmission path 34, and the rotation direction of the screw 31 is opposite to that of the rotation driving gear; in this manner, by changing the rotational direction of the screw 31, the direction in which the slide table 32 moves on the screw 31 in the axial direction is switched; it should be noted that, when the rope winding shaft 2 rotates, the screw 31 synchronously drives the sliding table 32 to move, so that the rope 21 is wound in the moving process, and the rope 21 fully lays the axial space on the rope winding shaft 2; after the rope 21 on the rope winding shaft 2 is wound for a plurality of times and is fully paved into one layer, the rope 21 needs to be paved in the other direction, so that the rope winding shaft 2 is fully paved back and forth; thus, the timing of the change of the rotation direction of the screw 31 is when the rope 21 is fully laid on one layer in the axial space around the rope shaft 2; in brief, if the rope 21 needs to be wound several turns to cover one layer of the rope winding shaft 2, the rotation driving gear is switched once when the rope winding shaft 2 rotates several turns.
In the above embodiment, the sliding table 32 may be limited by the frame 1, so that the sliding table 32 cannot rotate circumferentially, and thus, when the screw 31 rotates, the sliding table 32 can only move axially along the screw 31; the principle of the structure is the prior art, and a screw mechanism can be referred to, so that the structure is not shown in the figure. Wherein the first transmission path 33 and the second transmission path 34 may be independent of each other; or in view of space saving and reduced parts, referring to fig. 9, the first transmission path 33 and the second transmission path 34 are partially overlapped, i.e. there are partial gears belonging to both the first transmission path 33 and the second transmission path 34.
Specifically, in order to accurately grasp the switching timing of the rotary drive gear, referring to fig. 7 to 10, the direction-changing drive mechanism 35 includes: the turning planet carrier 351 is provided with a plurality of turning driving gears 352, and the turning driving gears 352 are used as planet gears on the turning planet carrier 351; the rope-arranging synchronous shaft 355 rotates synchronously with the rope winding shaft 2, a direction-changing sun gear 356 which rotates synchronously is arranged on the rope-arranging synchronous shaft, and the direction-changing sun gear 356 is meshed with the steering driving gear 352; the intermittent motion mechanism comprises a continuous motive power piece 353 and an intermittent driven piece 354, wherein the continuous motive power piece 353 is in transmission connection with the rope arranging synchronous shaft 355 through a speed reducing mechanism 357; the intermittent driven piece 354 is synchronously and rotationally connected with the direction-changing planet carrier 351; an included angle between two adjacent steering drive gears 352 and the central axis of the direction-changing planet carrier 351 is a first included angle a, an included angle between the first steering gear 331, the second steering gear 341 and the central axis of the direction-changing planet carrier 351 is a second included angle b, and the first included angle a is twice of the second included angle b; the rope-aligning synchronizing shaft 355 rotates at the same speed as the screw 31. The rope-aligning synchronizing shaft 355 rotates at the same speed as the screw 31.
Specifically, the rope winding shaft 2 rotates synchronously with the rope arrangement synchronizing shaft 355, the direction-changing sun gear 356 on the rope arrangement synchronizing shaft 355 drives the direction-changing drive gear 352 on the direction-changing planet carrier 351, and the direction-changing drive gear 352 drives the screw 31 to rotate through the first transmission path 33 or the second transmission path 34, so that the sliding table 32 moves; meanwhile, the rope-arranging synchronizing shaft 355 drives the continuous motive power member 353 to rotate through a speed reducing mechanism 357, the continuous motive power member 353 drives the intermittent driven member 354 to rotate, the intermittent driven member 354 is in intermittent motion, and when the intermittent driven member 354 moves, the direction-changing planet carrier 351 is rotated at a certain angle, so that the direction-changing driving gear 352 is switched between the first direction-changing gear 331 and the second direction-changing gear 341 to drive one of the first direction-changing gear and the second direction-changing gear, and the screw rod 31 is changed in direction; wherein the reduction ratio of the reduction mechanism 357 depends on the number of turns of the rope 21 to be laid on one layer of the rope reel 2, for example, if the rope 21 needs to be wound 16 turns to be laid on one layer of the axial space of the rope reel 2, the reduction ratio of the reduction mechanism 357 is 16:1, and when the rope arranging synchronizing shaft 355 rotates 16 turns, the continuous driving member 353 rotates 1 turn to rotate the intermittent driven member 354 by a certain angle, so that the rotary driving gear is switched between the first steering gear 331 and the second steering gear 341 to drive one of them.
In order to realize each switching, one rotating driving gear is meshed with one of the first steering gear 331 or the second steering gear 341, referring to fig. 8 and 9, an included angle between two adjacent steering driving gears 352 and a central axis of the direction-changing planet carrier 351 is a first included angle a, an included angle between the first steering gear 331 and the second steering gear 341 and a central axis of the direction-changing planet carrier 351 is a second included angle b, and the first included angle a is twice as large as the second included angle b; the rotation angle of the intermittent driven piece 354 is equal to a second included angle b each time; briefly, referring to fig. 9, in this embodiment, the first included angle a is 120 °, the second included angle b is 60 °, and the steering driving gears 352 are three, initially, one steering gear is engaged with the second steering gear 341, when the direction-changing planet carrier 351 rotates clockwise once, the steering driving gear 352 is switched from the second steering gear 341 to the first steering gear 331, when the direction-changing planet carrier 351 rotates clockwise once more, the steering driving gear 352 is disengaged from the first steering gear 331, and the other steering driving gear 352 is engaged with the second steering gear 341, so that as the direction-changing planet carrier 351 rotates, the different steering driving gears 352 are engaged with one of the first steering gear 331 and the second steering gear 341, thereby realizing the switching of the rotation direction of the screw 31.
In the above solution, the continuous driving member 353 may be a driving plate provided with a cylindrical pin, and the intermittent driven member 354 may be a sheave. For convenience of arrangement, the screw 31 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1; in order to save space, referring to fig. 10 and 11, the direction-changing planet carrier 351 and the intermittent follower 354 are both rotatably sleeved on the rope-aligning synchronizing shaft 355; a support bar 358 is arranged outside the rope arranging synchronizing shaft 355 in parallel, and the continuous prime mover 353 is rotatably arranged on the support bar 358; the speed reducing mechanism 357 comprises a speed reducing transmission path formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of gears in a transmission manner, the gears on the speed reducing transmission path are respectively sleeved on the rope arranging synchronizing shaft 355 and the supporting rod 358, the gear at one end of the speed reducing transmission path is synchronously and rotatably connected with the rope arranging synchronizing shaft 355, and the gear at the other end of the speed reducing transmission path is synchronously and rotatably connected with the continuous driving link 353. The gears on the speed reduction transmission path comprise incomplete gears, and the gears on the speed reduction transmission path can be identical in size by utilizing the incomplete gears for speed reduction transmission, so that the gears can be conveniently arranged in space.
In the above solution, in order to avoid that the friction between the sliding table 32 and the rope 21 is too large, which causes the rope 21 to be worn, referring to fig. 8, the sliding table 32 includes two guide wheels 321 oppositely disposed to clamp the rope 21, and an outer circumferential surface of the guide wheel 321 has a hub portion for clamping and fixing the rope 21. The sliding table 32 is provided with a movable rope guide frame 322, and the guide wheel 321 is rotatably arranged on the rope guide frame 322. Thus, the rope 21 is buffered on the slide table 32, so that even if the rope 21 is wound and moved, too much friction does not occur, and the service life of the rope 21 can be improved.
In the above solution, in order to facilitate the wearing of the device by a user for high-altitude operation, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the frame 1 is covered with a shell 11, and the frame 1 is provided with a safety belt 12 for the wearer to carry on; wherein the harness 12 may include shoulder straps, waist straps and leg straps to ensure that the user is in close contact with the riser to avoid separation of the user from the riser in high altitudes. A power source (not shown), such as a rechargeable battery, for powering the external drive 42 is provided on the housing 1.
In some embodiments, in order to minimize the volume of the elevator and facilitate wearing by shooting, referring to fig. 2-5, the rope shaft 2 is axially hollow; the driving device 4 is arranged inside the rope winding shaft 2; the driving device 4 comprises an axial hollow supporting cylinder 41, an external rotation type driver 42 with a self-locking function, a main shaft 45, a driving cylinder 43 with an inner gear ring and a driving planet carrier 44; the external rotation driver 42 comprises an inner stator 421 fixedly sleeved on the support cylinder 41 and an outer rotor 422 rotatably sleeved outside the inner stator 421; the outer rotor 422 is fixedly connected with the driving cylinder 43 to synchronously rotate; the driving planet carrier 44 is provided with a plurality of planet wheels meshed with the inner gear ring of the driving barrel 43, the main shaft 45 is arranged in the supporting barrel 41, and the main shaft 45 is provided with a driving sun gear 451 meshed with the planet wheels on the driving planet carrier 44; a driving plate 22 is arranged in the rope winding shaft 2, and the driving planet carrier 44 is in transmission connection with the driving plate 22; in a state that the main shaft 45 is fixed, the outer rotor 422 drives the driving planet carrier 44 to rotate, and the driving planet carrier 44 drives the driving plate 22 to rotate so as to realize the rotation of the rope winding shaft 2; the rope-aligning synchronizing shaft 355 is coaxially disposed with the driving plate 22 and fixedly connected in a circumferential direction.
In other words, the ring gear of the driving barrel 43, the planet gears on the driving planet carrier 44 and the driving sun gear 451 on the main shaft 45 form a planetary gear train structure; in the initial state, the main shaft 45 is fixed, the driving sun gear 451 does not rotate, when the external rotation driver 42 is powered, the external rotor 422 rotates the driving drum 43, the internal gear ring of the driving drum 43 rotates the driving planet carrier 44, and the driving planet carrier 44 drives the driving plate 22 to rotate to realize the rotation of the rope winding shaft 2; by changing the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the outward rotation driver 42, the rope 21 is wound up or released from the rope winding shaft 2, and the ascent or descent of the elevator is realized. When the external rotation type driver 42 is not energized, the external rotor 422 and the internal stator 421 are relatively fixed by the self-locking function thereof, and the driving carrier 44 cannot rotate in a state where the internal gear ring of the driving cylinder 43 and the driving sun gear 451 are fixed, so that the rope winding shaft 2 is fixed and the rope 21 cannot be wound or released. The driving device 4 is arranged inside the rope winding shaft 2, so that the size of the equipment can be effectively reduced, and the rope winding shaft is convenient for a user to wear.
In the above embodiment, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the driving planet carrier 44 is connected to a multi-stage planetary reduction mechanism 46, and a planet carrier of the last stage of the multi-stage planetary reduction mechanism 46 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the driving plate 22 in the rope winding shaft 2; a protective cylinder 47 is arranged outside the external rotation type driver 42 and the multi-stage planetary reduction mechanism 46, the protective cylinder 47 is fixedly connected with the frame 1, and an inner gear ring matched with the multi-stage planetary reduction mechanism 46 is arranged in the protective cylinder 47.
In some specific embodiments, the lifter further comprises a braking device 5, and referring to fig. 12-17, the braking device 5 comprises a first braking mechanism 51 for braking the main shaft 45 and a second braking mechanism 52 for braking the rope winding shaft 2; a brake disc 452 is arranged on the main shaft 45; with reference to fig. 12, 13 and 17, the first brake mechanism 51 includes a first disc brake pad 511 and a second disc brake pad 512 respectively disposed at two sides of the brake disc 452, and the second disc brake pad 512 is driven by a spiral pushing rod 513 to move toward/away from the first disc brake pad 511; the spiral pushing rod 513 is connected with a link mechanism 514; the rotation of the spiral pushing rod 513 is realized by driving the link mechanism 514; the brake disk 452 is fixed by the first disk brake piece 511 and the second disk brake piece 512, so that the driving sun gear 451 on the main shaft 45 is fixed. Referring to fig. 15, 16 and 17, the second brake mechanism 52 includes two drum brake pieces 521 provided in the rope reel 2, and a telescopic member 522 for expanding the two drum brake pieces 521 to rub the rope reel 2, and the expansion of the two drum brake pieces 521 is achieved by rotating the telescopic member 522. After the two drum brake pieces 521 are opened, the outer side walls of the two drum brake pieces 521 rub against the inner wall of the rope winding shaft 2, so that the rope winding shaft 2 is limited to rotate.
In a normal state, the first brake mechanism 51 keeps braking the main shaft 45, and the second brake mechanism 52 does not brake the rope winding shaft 2; when the user wears the lifter to work aloft, the self-locking function of the external rotation type driver 42 is utilized to limit the rotation of the rope winding shaft 2, but when the lifter is not electrified, the external rotor 422 of the external rotation type driver 42 cannot rotate, and the driving cylinder 43 is also fixed; at this time, the brake of the brake disk 452 by the first brake mechanism 51 is released, so that the driving sun gear 451 on the main shaft 45 can be rotated, and the rope reel 2 can be rotated. In this way, the user can land from high altitude. In addition, when the external rotation type driver 42 fails, the external rotation type driver 42 cannot maintain the self-locking function thereof, the driving cylinder 43 cannot be fixed, at this time, the second braking mechanism 52 can brake the rope winding shaft 2, and the braking force of the second braking mechanism 52 on the rope winding shaft 2 is controlled, so that the rope winding shaft 2 rotates slowly, and a user can land from high altitude smoothly.
In the above solution, in order to facilitate the control of the first braking mechanism 51 and the second braking mechanism 52, referring to fig. 14, 16 and 17, the braking device 5 further includes a linkage shaft 53, the expansion and contraction member 522 is provided with a first through hole 523, a link of the link mechanism 514 is provided with a second through hole 515, and the linkage shaft 53 is inserted into the first through hole 523 and the second through hole 515; a first clamping groove is formed in the inner wall of the first through hole 523, a first top block 531 inserted into the first clamping groove is correspondingly arranged on the linkage shaft 53, and a first virtual position 524 for the first top block 531 to move along a first direction in the circumferential direction is arranged in the first clamping groove; a second clamping groove is formed in the inner wall of the second through hole 515, a second top block 532 correspondingly inserted into the second clamping groove is arranged on the linkage shaft 53, a second virtual position 516 for the second top block 532 to move along a second direction in the circumferential direction is arranged in the second clamping groove, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction; when the linkage shaft 53 is in the initial position, the first brake mechanism 51 is in the braking state, and the second brake mechanism 52 is in the releasing state; when the linkage shaft 53 rotates from the initial position to the first direction, the second top block 532 swings the linkage mechanism 514 to rotate the spiral pushing rod 513, so that the main shaft 45 is loosened, and the first top block 531 enters the first virtual position 524; when the linkage shaft 53 rotates from the initial position to the second direction, the first top block 531 rotates the expansion and contraction piece 522, so that the two drum brake pieces 521 are expanded to realize the braking around the rope shaft 2, and the second top block 532 enters the second virtual position 516; the two drum brake pieces 521 are tightened through a first resetting component, so that the rope winding shaft 2 is loosened; the helical push rod 513 is reset by acting on a second reset member 517 of the linkage 514, thereby achieving the fixation of the main shaft 45. Thus, the first brake mechanism 51 and the second brake mechanism 52 are controlled by the linkage shaft 53, and the first brake mechanism 51 or the second brake mechanism 52 is controlled by rotating the linkage shaft 53 in different directions.
In the above scheme, the user can conveniently rotate the linkage shaft 53; referring to fig. 2 and 18-21, the rotation of the linkage shaft 53 is controlled by a control rocker arm 6, an adapter 61 is arranged at one end of the control rocker arm 6, and the adapter 61 is fixedly connected with the linkage shaft 53. The control rocker arm 6 is arranged on the side face of the rack 1, a user holds the control rocker arm 6 by hand, and the linkage shaft 53 is enabled to rotate in different directions by lifting or pressing the control rocker arm 6.
In order to adapt to the operation postures of different users, referring to fig. 19, 20 and 21, a cavity is formed inside the control rocker arm 6, the adaptor 61 is connected with the inner wall of the control rocker arm 6 through a clutch structure, and a stop state of the clutch structure is realized through a third resetting member 65, so that the adaptor 61 is fixedly connected with the control rocker arm 6; the blocking state of the clutch mechanism is released by the trigger, so that the rotary connection of the adapter 61 to the control rocker 6 is realized. Therefore, when a user needs to adjust the initial position of the control rocker arm 6 to a position comfortable to operate, the user can contact the stop state of the clutch structure through the trigger and then rotate the control rocker arm 6, at the moment, the control rocker arm 6 cannot drive the adaptor 61 to rotate, and the linkage shaft 53 cannot rotate; when the control rocker arm 6 is rotated to a proper position, the influence of the trigger on the clutch structure is removed, the third composite component enables the clutch structure to enter a stop state, the control rocker arm 6 and the rotating part are relatively fixed, at the moment, the initial position of the control rocker arm 6 is determined again, and the control rocker arm 6 can be lifted up or pressed down according to the initial position of the control rocker arm 6, so that the linkage shaft 53 is driven to rotate.
In the above embodiment, in order to facilitate the re-determination of the initial state of the control rocker arm 6, referring to fig. 19, 20 and 21, the clutch mechanism includes a plurality of arcuate slots 621 disposed on the inner wall of the cavity of the control rocker arm 6, wherein the arcuate slots 621 include a relatively wide portion 623 and a relatively narrow portion 622; a movable roller 64 is correspondingly arranged in the arc-shaped opening 621; the adaptor 61 has a cylindrical portion embedded in the cavity of the control rocker arm 6, a clutch driving member 63 is rotatably disposed on the cylindrical portion, a catching groove 631 for the roller 64 to enter is formed in the clutch driving member 63, and the catching groove 631 penetrates up and down; the rollers 64 are driven to be located in the relatively wide portion 623 or the relatively narrow portion 622 by rotating the clutch driving member 63. In other words, when the roller 64 is located in the relatively narrow portion 622, the roller 64 abuts against the cylindrical portion of the adaptor 61 and the inner wall of the inner cavity 62 of the control rocker arm 6, so that the adaptor 61 and the control rocker arm 6 are relatively fixed and cannot rotate; when the roller 64 is located in the relatively wide portion 623, the adaptor 61 and the control rocker arm 6 can rotate relatively.
Referring to fig. 21, two clutch drivers 63 may be provided, two clutch drivers 63 are oppositely disposed on the adaptor 61, and the corresponding arc-shaped openings 621 of the two clutch drivers 63 are oppositely disposed, that is, the relatively wide portion 623 and the relatively narrow portion 622 are oppositely disposed. Wherein the trigger is a traction rope 66 for pulling the clutch driving piece 63 to rotate. In other words, when the pull cord 66 is pulled, the two clutch drivers 63 are rotated such that each of the two clutch drivers 63 drives the roller 64 into the opposite wide portion 623 of the arcuate slot 621. When the pull cord 66 is released, the third return member 65 rotates the clutch driver 63 so that each of the two clutch drivers 63 drives the roller 64 into the relatively narrow portion 622 in the arcuate aperture 621.
In the above solution, in order to facilitate the operation of the control rocker by users of different sizes, referring to fig. 19 and 21, the control rocker 6 has a bendable hinge 67, and the hinge 67 is used for maintaining the straight state of the control rocker 6 through a fourth resetting member 68. Thus, for the user with fat body shape, the control rocker can swing to the outer side, and then the control rocker is lifted up or pressed down to drive the linkage shaft 53 to rotate; when the control rocker is released, the fourth reset member 68 can reset the control rocker to maintain its straight state.
In some specific application scenarios, for example, when a user needs to descend from a high-rise balcony, a lock catch (not labeled) may be disposed on the rope 21, and the user first binds the rope 21 to a fixed object such as a rail, a pillar, etc., and then controls the rope shaft 2 to release the rope 21, so that the user can walk to the edge of the balcony. In the above process, even if the rope 21 is released around the rope shaft 2 without the rope 21 being pulled by gravity because the user is not in a state of being suspended in the sky, the rope 21 may be accumulated in the housing 11, so that the rope 21 is knotted in the housing 11.
In order to enable the rope 21 to be smoothly output out of the housing 11 under the condition that the rope 21 is tensioned without gravity, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 22-25, the elevator further comprises a rope tensioner 7, wherein the rope tensioner 7 comprises a driving shaft 71 and a driven shaft 72, a driving pulley 711 is arranged on the driving shaft 71, a driven pulley 721 is arranged on the driven shaft 72, and the driving pulley 711 and the driven pulley 721 are respectively positioned at two sides of the rope 21 to clamp the rope 21; the driving shaft 71 is in transmission connection with a motor 74, a buffer spring 73 is connected to the driving shaft 71 or the driven shaft 72, and the buffer spring 73 urges the driving pulley 711 or the driven pulley 721 to press the rope 21. The elevator housing 11 should have an outlet for the rope 21 to go out, and the rope tensioner 7 is disposed near the outlet, and the rope tensioner 7 drives the driving shaft 71 to rotate through the motor 74, so that the rope 21 clamped between the driving pulley 711 and the driven pulley 721 is led out, and the rope 21 in the elevator housing 11 is straightened. When the user is in a suspended state, the rope 21 is tensioned under the action of gravity, and the rope 21 can press the buffer spring 73, so that the driving pulley 711 and the driven pulley 721 do not clamp the rope 21 any more, friction and slipping between the driving pulley 711 and the rope 21 are avoided, and the driving pulley 711 is prevented from causing abrasion to the rope 21.
Further, in the case of the gravity-free tightening of the rope 21, if the rotation speed of the rope winding shaft 2 is much lower than the rotation speed of the motor 74 driving the driving pulley 711, that is, when the rope winding shaft 2 releases the rope 21 at a speed lower than the speed at which the driving pulley 711 pulls out the rope 21, the driving pulley 711 and the rope 21 are frictionally slipped, thereby causing abrasion to the rope 21; to avoid this, referring to fig. 24, a safety output mechanism 75 is connected to the motor 74, and the safety output mechanism 75 includes a friction fixing ring 751 having an annular gear, a tightwire planet carrier 752, a tightwire planet 753 provided on the tightwire planet carrier 752, and a tightwire sun 754 connected to the motor 74; the rope tensioning sun gear 754, the rope tensioning planet gear 753 and the friction fixing ring 751 form a planetary gear train structure; the rope tightening planet carrier 752 is in transmission connection with the driving shaft 71; an adjustable braking mechanism 76 for providing a specified braking force to the friction fixing ring 751 is arranged outside the friction fixing ring 751, the adjustable braking mechanism 76 comprises a friction sheet 761 for providing a friction force to the outer surface of the friction fixing ring 751, and the magnitude of the friction force is adjusted by adjusting the pressure between the friction sheet 761 and the outer surface of the friction fixing ring 751. In other words, the friction plate 761 brakes the friction fixing ring 751 by a certain rotation resistance, when the friction fixing ring 751 is fixed, the motor 74 drives the rope tightening planetary gear 753 to rotate through the rope tightening sun gear 754, so that the rope tightening planetary carrier 752 rotates, the rope tightening planetary carrier 752 drives the driving shaft 71 to drive, and the driving pulley 711 drives the rope 21 to output; when the speed of releasing the rope 21 by the rope winding shaft 2 is lower than the speed of pulling out the rope 21 by the driving pulley 711, the driving pulley 711 is also subjected to the friction force of the rope 21, the rope tightening planet carrier 752 is more difficult to rotate, the load of the motor 74 is increased, and when the rotation resistance applied to the rope tightening planet carrier 752 is greater than the rotation resistance applied to the friction fixing ring 751, the friction fixing ring 751 rotates, so that the motor 74 cannot drive the rope tightening planet carrier 752 to rotate; on the one hand, burning out of the motor 74 and, on the other hand, wear of the rope 21 by the drive pulley 711 is avoided, so that the speed at which the drive pulley 711 pulls out the rope 21 is adapted to the speed at which the rope 21 is released about the rope shaft 2.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (14)
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| CN202110877539.5A CN113491851A (en) | 2021-08-01 | 2021-08-01 | Self-service high altitude construction riser |
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| CN202110877539.5A CN113491851A (en) | 2021-08-01 | 2021-08-01 | Self-service high altitude construction riser |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU840012A1 (en) * | 1979-06-04 | 1981-06-23 | Центральное Технико-Конструкторскоебюро Министерства Речного Флота Рсфср | Rope-guiding device |
| CN112429605A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-02 | 深圳市鲸仓科技有限公司 | Winding displacement mechanism, winding displacement system and robot |
| CN112551413A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-03-26 | 广东华堃科技发展有限公司 | Novel lifter |
| CN216125089U (en) * | 2021-08-01 | 2022-03-25 | 广东华堃科技发展有限公司 | Self-service high altitude construction riser |
-
2021
- 2021-08-01 CN CN202110877539.5A patent/CN113491851A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU840012A1 (en) * | 1979-06-04 | 1981-06-23 | Центральное Технико-Конструкторскоебюро Министерства Речного Флота Рсфср | Rope-guiding device |
| CN112429605A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-02 | 深圳市鲸仓科技有限公司 | Winding displacement mechanism, winding displacement system and robot |
| CN112551413A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-03-26 | 广东华堃科技发展有限公司 | Novel lifter |
| CN216125089U (en) * | 2021-08-01 | 2022-03-25 | 广东华堃科技发展有限公司 | Self-service high altitude construction riser |
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