CN113491339A - Automatic shell opening machine for pistachio nuts - Google Patents
Automatic shell opening machine for pistachio nuts Download PDFInfo
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- CN113491339A CN113491339A CN202010204561.9A CN202010204561A CN113491339A CN 113491339 A CN113491339 A CN 113491339A CN 202010204561 A CN202010204561 A CN 202010204561A CN 113491339 A CN113491339 A CN 113491339A
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- shell opening
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- 235000020233 pistachio Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 43
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- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/22—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors
- B65G47/26—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors arranging the articles, e.g. varying spacing between individual articles
- B65G47/28—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors arranging the articles, e.g. varying spacing between individual articles during transit by a single conveyor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
- G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic pistachio nut shell opening machine which comprises a machine base device, a feeding device and a shell opening device; the base device comprises a frame, a feeding device mounting position and a shell opening device mounting position; the feeding device is fixed on the feeding device mounting position in a horizontal state; the shell opening device is vertically fixed on the shell opening device mounting position; the automatic pistachio nut sheller has the advantages of high automation degree, novel structure, safety, reliability, flexible operation, convenient use, high efficiency and good effect, and can adapt to pistachio nuts with different diameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to food processing equipment, in particular to an automatic pistachio nut shell opening machine.
Background
Nuts are a classification of closed fruits, the pericarp is hard, 1 or more seeds are contained in the nuts, such as the fruits of Chinese chestnuts, almonds and the like, and pistachio nuts are the essential parts of plants, are rich in nutrition, contain high protein, grease, mineral substances and vitamins, and have excellent effects on the growth and development of human bodies, the physique enhancement and the disease prevention. The pistachio nuts are one kind of nuts, are produced in North America, Australia and other countries, and a small amount of test seeds are also started in Zhejiang province in China at present, so that the pistachio nuts are rich in nutrition and delicious.
The kernel of the pistachio nut is wrapped by a layer of hard shell, a crack needs to be cut on the shell in the manufacturing process, the shell of the pistachio nut to be shelled is clamped by a common processing method in a manual mode through a tool, generally a clamp or a clamp, then the pistachio nut to be shelled is clamped by external force, and the shell is cracked and cracked by extrusion of the external force. The pistachio nut shelling mode of the traditional manual mode has the advantages of low automation degree, high labor intensity of workers and low shelling efficiency, and easily causes pollution to the surfaces of pistachio nuts in the process of clamping and shelling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the automatic pistachio nut shelling machine which is simple in structure, reasonable in design, convenient to use, high in automation degree, novel in structure, safe, reliable, flexible in operation, convenient to use, high in efficiency and good in effect, and can adapt to pistachio nuts with different diameters.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the device comprises a base device, a feeding device and a shell opening device; the base device comprises a frame, a feeding device mounting position and a shell opening device mounting position; the feeding device is fixed on the feeding device mounting position in a horizontal state; the shell opening device is vertically fixed on the shell opening device mounting position;
the feeding device comprises a fixed frame, a feeding power assembly, a guide rail, a sliding block, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, an adjustable positioning plate and a feeding clamp assembly; the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the base device, and the feeding power assembly is fixed on the fixing frame; two guide rails are arranged and fixedly connected with the fixed frame; the sliding block is sleeved on the guide rail and is connected with the guide rail in a front-back sliding manner; the first connecting plate is flat, the lower end of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected with the sliding block and the screw rod sleeve, and the upper end of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second connecting plate; the lower end of the second connecting plate is fixedly connected with the first connecting plate; the adjustable positioning plate is in a flat plate shape and is fixedly connected with the second connecting plate; the feeding clamp assembly is placed on the second connecting plate and clamped and positioned between the adjustable positioning plates.
Furthermore, the feeding power assembly comprises a feeding motor, a feeding coupler, a screw rod, a feeding bearing seat, a feeding bearing and a screw rod sleeve; the feeding motor adopts a stepping motor or a servo motor; an output shaft of the feeding motor is in transmission connection with the screw rod through a feeding coupling; the screw rod sleeve is sleeved on the screw rod and is connected with the screw rod through a feeding bearing; the feeding bearing block is fixed on the fixed frame and is assembled and connected with the feeding bearing;
furthermore, the number of the adjustable positioning plates is two; the adjustable positioning plates are provided with U-shaped grooves, and the two adjustable positioning plates are fixed on the front side and the rear side of the second connecting plate respectively through bolts and the U-shaped grooves;
further, the feeding clamp assembly comprises a clamp mounting plate, a positioning clamp, a first locking bolt and a locking gasket; the clamp mounting plate is flat-plate-shaped, and a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the upper part of the clamp mounting plate; the positioning clamp is fixed in the through hole of the clamp mounting plate through a locking bolt I and a locking gasket;
furthermore, the positioning clamp is integrally cylindrical and is made of silica gel, rubber or plastics; the positioning clamp is provided with a groove and a thread; the groove is arranged at the upper end of the positioning clamp; the thread is arranged at the lower end of the positioning clamp and is fixedly connected with the first locking bolt;
the shell opening device comprises a shell opening fixing plate, a shell opening power assembly, a shell opening adjusting assembly and a shell opening assembly; the shell opening fixing plate is flat, and the shell opening power assembly is fixed on the shell opening fixing plate through the shell opening adjusting assembly; the shell opening adjusting assemblies are at least provided with two groups, the lower surfaces of the shell opening adjusting assemblies are fixed on the shell opening fixing plates, and the upper surfaces of the shell opening adjusting assemblies are fixed on the shell opening power assemblies; the shell opening assemblies are at least provided with one group and are uniformly fixed on the shell opening power assembly;
furthermore, the shell opening power assembly comprises a shell opening connecting plate, a shell opening motor, a shell opening coupler, a shell opening sensing block, a shell opening main shaft, a shell opening cam, a shell opening bearing seat, a shell opening bearing and a distance sensor; the shell opening connecting plate is integrally L-shaped, and the shell opening motor is connected with the shell opening adjusting assembly through the shell opening connecting plate; the shell opening motor adopts a stepping motor or a servo motor; the shell opening motor is in transmission connection with the shell opening main shaft through a shell opening coupler; the shell opening sensing block is in a ring shape, is sleeved and fixed on the shell opening main shaft, and is provided with a sensing block boss at the upper end; the plurality of shell opening cams are uniformly sleeved and fixed on the shell opening main shaft; the shell opening assembly is fixedly connected with the shell opening connecting plate through a shell opening bearing seat; the number of the open shell bearings is consistent with that of the open shell bearing seats, the outer rings of the open shell bearings are sleeved on the open shell bearing seats, and the inner rings of the open shell bearings are sleeved on the open shell main shaft; the distance sensor is arranged on the open shell connecting plate;
furthermore, the shell opening adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting guide rail, an adjusting slide block, an adjusting connecting block, an adjusting rod and an adjusting knob; the adjusting guide rail is fixed on the open shell fixing plate, and the upper end of the adjusting guide rail is provided with an adjusting guide rail groove; the adjusting slide block is sleeved on the adjusting guide rail groove and is connected with the adjusting guide rail in a vertical sliding manner; the side end of the adjusting slide block is provided with a plurality of slide block screw holes; the adjusting connecting block is fixed on the adjusting guide rail, and a threaded hole is formed in the adjusting connecting block; the adjusting rod is sleeved in the adjusting connecting block, and the tail end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected with the adjusting slide block; the adjusting knob is sleeved at the top end of the adjusting rod;
furthermore, the shell opening assembly comprises a shell opening fixing plate, a cam sleeve, a cam connecting rod, a cam rocking handle, a cam sliding block, a first clamping block, a second clamping block, a locking bolt II, a shell opening pressing block and a pressing bolt; the shell opening fixing plate is L-shaped and is fixed on the shell opening connecting plate; the cam sleeve is annular and is sleeved on the open shell cam; the cam connecting rod is in a strip shape, and the cam rocking handle is connected with the cam sleeve through the cam connecting rod; the lower end of the cam rocking handle is hinged with the cam sliding block; the cam sliding block is sleeved in a through groove at the lower end of the shell opening fixing plate and is connected with the shell opening fixing plate in a vertical sliding manner; the first clamping block and the second clamping block are symmetrically arranged in the cam slider, one end of the first clamping block is provided with a first clamping block U-shaped groove, and the other end of the first clamping block is provided with a first clamping block clamping part; one end of the second clamping block is provided with a second clamping block U-shaped groove, and the other end of the second clamping block is provided with a second clamping block clamping part; the locking bolt II penetrates through the cam sliding block, the first clamping block U-shaped groove and the second clamping block U-shaped groove, so that the cam sliding block, the first clamping block and the second clamping block form a connected relation; the shell opening pressing block is arranged on the first clamping block and the second clamping block and is fixed on the shell opening fixing plate through the compression bolt.
After the structure is adopted, the automatic pistachio nut shell opening machine has the following advantages:
1. the automatic control system has the advantages of high automation degree, novel structure, safety, reliability, flexible operation, convenient use, high efficiency and good effect;
2. the positioning fixture has certain elasticity, can adapt to the shell opening work of pistachio nuts with different diameters, and the consistency of cracks of the shell after the shell opening is good;
3. the automatic operation of positioning, feeding, clamping, shell opening and discharging of the pistachio nuts can be automatically realized;
4. the feeding motors and the shell opening motors of the feeding device and the shell opening device are controlled by the stepping motor or the servo motor controlled by the driver, so that the movement precision is high and the speed is adjustable;
5. the position of the feeding clamp assembly can be adjusted by adjusting an adjustable positioning plate on the feeding device; the height of the shell opening device can be adjusted by adjusting an adjusting knob on the shell opening adjusting component so as to adapt to the shell opening movement of pistachios with different heights;
6. the feeding device and the shell opening device move in a coordinated manner, the feeding device continuously conveys the feeding clamp assembly to move forwards, the shell opening device drives the first clamping block and the second clamping block to continuously clamp and loosen the pistachios to open the shells of the pistachios, and the shell opening efficiency is obviously improved;
7. the distance sensor on the shell opening device can sense the boss position of the sensing block of the shell opening sensing block, so that the rotating speed of the shell opening main shaft can be identified, and the motion of the shell opening assembly is reliably monitored;
8. through changing the positioning fixture on the feeding fixture assembly, the pistachio nuts with smaller diameters and larger diameters can be adapted, the shell opening of different varieties of pistachio nuts is met, and the adaptability is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the feed apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the feeding device;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the feeding device with the feeding clamp assembly removed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a feed clamp assembly;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the positioning fixture;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the case opening device;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an open shell adjustment assembly;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an open-shell assembly;
fig. 11 is an assembled schematic view of the open shell assembly.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a stand device; 2. a feeding device; 3. a shell opening device; 1-1, a frame; 1-2, a feeding device mounting position; 1-3, mounting a shell opening device; 2-1, fixing frames; 2-2, feeding power components; 2-3, a guide rail; 2-4, a sliding block; 2-5, a first connecting plate; 2-6, a second connecting plate; 2-7, adjusting a positioning plate; 2-8, feeding a clamp assembly; 2-21, a feeding motor; 2-22, a feeding coupling; 2-23, a screw rod; 2-24, a feeding bearing seat; 2-25, a feeding bearing; 2-26, a screw rod sleeve; 2-71, U-shaped groove; 2-81, mounting a clamp plate; 2-82, positioning a clamp; 2-83, locking a bolt I; 2-84, a locking washer; 2-821, a groove; 2-822, threads; 3-1, opening a shell fixing plate; 3-2, opening a shell power assembly; 3-3, opening the shell and adjusting the component; 3-4, opening the shell assembly; 3-21, opening a shell connecting plate; 3-22, an open shell motor; 3-23, opening the shell coupling; 3-24, opening the shell sensing block; 3-25, opening the shell main shaft; 3-26, an open shell cam; 3-27, opening a shell bearing seat; 3-28, opening a shell bearing; 3-29, a distance sensor; 3-31, adjusting the guide rail; 3-32, adjusting the sliding block; 3-33, adjusting a connecting block; 3-34, adjusting rod; 3-35, adjusting knob; 3-311, adjusting the guide rail groove; 3-321, a slide block screw hole; 3-41, opening the shell and fixing the plate; 3-42, cam sleeve; 3-43, cam links; 3-44, a cam rocking handle; 3-45, cam slider; 3-46, a first clamping block; 3-47 and a second clamping block; 3-48, locking a bolt II; 3-49, opening the shell and pressing the block; 3-40, pressing bolt; 3-461, a first clamping block U-shaped groove; 3-462, a first clamping block clamping part; 3-471, a second clamping block U-shaped groove; 3-472, second clamp block clamping part.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the technical solution adopted by the present embodiment is: the device comprises a base device 1, a feeding device 2 and a shell opening device 3; the machine base device 1 comprises a machine frame 1-1, a feeding device mounting position 1-2 and a shell opening device mounting position 1-3; the rack 1-1 is mainly formed by welding iron sectional materials to form a stable supporting frame, and provides a stable supporting function for the feeding device 2 and the shell opening device 3; the feeding device mounting position 1-2 is arranged at the upper end of the base device 1, is in a horizontal state and is used for being fixedly connected with the feeding device 2; the shell opening device mounting positions 1-3 are arranged at the rear end of the base device 1, are in a vertical state and are fixedly connected with the shell opening device 3;
referring to fig. 2-7, the feeding device 2 is used for queuing and conveying pistachio nuts to be shelled, and comprises a fixed frame 2-1, a feeding power assembly 2-2, a guide rail 2-3, a slide block 2-4, a first connecting plate 2-5, a second connecting plate 2-6, an adjustable positioning plate 2-7 and a feeding clamp assembly 2-8; the fixing frame 2-1 is mainly formed by welding iron materials to form a stable fixing frame and is fixedly connected with the base device 1 through bolts; the feeding power assembly 2-2 is fixed on the fixing frame 2-1 through a bolt and is used for providing power for the feeding device 2; the feeding power component 2-2 comprises a feeding motor 2-21, a feeding coupler 2-22, a screw rod 2-23, a feeding bearing seat 2-24, a feeding bearing 2-25 and a screw rod sleeve 2-26; the feeding motors 2 to 21 adopt 60ST-MO1930 servo motors; the output shafts of the feeding motors 2 to 21 can be connected with the speed reducer or not and are used for providing power transmission for the feeding device 2; the feeding motor 2-21 is in transmission connection with the screw rod 2-23 through a feeding coupler 2-22; the screw rod sleeves 2-26 are sleeved on the screw rods 2-23 and are connected with the screw rods 2-23 through the feeding bearings 2-25, so that the screw rods 2-23 can drive the screw rod sleeves 2-26 to move back and forth when rotating; the feeding bearing seat 2-24 is fixed on the fixed frame 2-1 and is assembled and connected with the feeding bearing 2-25; the screw rod sleeves 2-26 are sleeved on the screw rods 2-23, so that the screw rods 2-23 are driven to rotate when the feeding motors 2-21 rotate, and the screw rod sleeves 2-26 are driven to move back and forth; two guide rails 2-3 are arranged and fixedly arranged on the fixed frame 2-1 through bolts; two sliding blocks 2-4 are arranged, are sleeved on the guide rails 2-3 and can slide back and forth along the guide rails 2-3; the first connecting plate is flat, the lower end of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected with the sliding block 2-4 and the screw rod sleeve 2-26, and the upper end of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second connecting plate 2-6; the lower end of the second connecting plate 2-6 is fixedly connected with the first connecting plate 2-5; the adjustable positioning plate 2-7 is in a flat plate shape and is provided with U-shaped grooves 2-71, the U-shaped grooves 2-71 are fixed on the front side and the rear side of the second connecting plate 2-6 through bolts, and the U-shaped grooves 2-71 are arranged to enable the position of the adjustable positioning plate 2-7 on the second connecting plate 2-6 to be adjusted front and rear; the feeding clamp assembly 2-8 can be placed on the second connecting plate 2-6 and clamped and positioned between the adjustable positioning plates 2-7, the feeding clamp assembly 2-8 comprises a clamp mounting plate 2-81, a positioning clamp 2-82, a locking bolt I2-83 and a locking gasket 2-84, the clamp mounting plate 2-81 is flat, and a series of through holes are formed in the upper part of the clamp mounting plate and used for mounting the positioning clamp 2-82; the number of the positioning clamps 2-82 is not limited, the positioning clamps 2-82 are uniformly arranged on the clamp mounting plates 2-81 and are fixed on the 281-clamp mounting plate through locking bolts I2-83 and 284-locking gaskets; the positioning clamp 2-82 is cylindrical, is made of soft materials, such as silica gel, rubber, plastics and the like, and is not limited in specific material, and the positioning clamp 2-82 comprises a groove 2-821 and a thread 2-822; the groove 2-821 is arranged at the upper end of the positioning clamp 2-82 and has a certain depth, the shape of the section of the notch of the groove is not limited and can be circular, oval, irregular ring and the like, and the thread 2-822 is arranged at the lower end of the positioning clamp 2-82 and is fixedly connected with the locking bolt 2-83;
referring to fig. 8, the shell opening device comprises a shell opening fixing plate 3-1, a shell opening power assembly 3-2, a shell opening adjusting assembly 3-3 and a shell opening assembly 3-4; the shell opening fixing plate 3-1 is in a flat plate shape and is used for installing and fixing the shell opening adjusting component 3-3; the shell opening power assembly 3-2 is fixed on the shell opening adjusting assembly 3-3 through a bolt; the shell opening power component 3-2 comprises a shell opening connecting plate 3-21, a shell opening motor 3-22, a shell opening coupler 3-23, a shell opening sensing block 3-24, a shell opening main shaft 3-25, a shell opening cam 3-26, a shell opening bearing block 3-27, a shell opening bearing 3-28 and a distance sensor 3-29; the shell opening connecting plate 3-21 is L-shaped, and the shell opening motor 3-22 is connected with the shell opening adjusting component 3-3 through the shell opening connecting plate 3-21; the shell opening motors 3-22 adopt XD3D30-24GN-21S motors; the shell opening motor 2-22 is in transmission connection with the shell opening main shaft 3-25 through a shell opening coupler 3-23; the shell opening sensing block 3-24 is in a ring shape, is sleeved and fixed on the shell opening main shaft 3-25, and is provided with a sensing block boss 3-241 at the upper end; the shell opening main shaft 3-25 is in a strip shape, the number of the shell opening cams 3-26 is not limited, and the shell opening main shaft 3-25 is uniformly sleeved and fixed; the number of the open shell bearing blocks 3-27 is not limited, and the open shell bearing blocks are distributed and fixed on the open shell connecting plates 3-21 and the open shell assemblies 3-4; the number of the open shell bearings 3-28 is the same as that of the open shell bearing seats 3-27, the outer ring is sleeved on the open shell bearing seats 3-27, and the inner ring is sleeved on the open shell main shaft 3-25; the distance sensors 3-29 are arranged on the shell opening connecting plate, NPN proximity switches are adopted, distance identification can be carried out on the shell opening sensing blocks 3-24, when the shell opening sensing blocks 3-24 rotate, due to the fact that distances generated by bosses 3-241 of the sensing blocks are different, the distance sensors 3-29 can identify the number of rotating turns of the shell opening sensing blocks 3-24, and therefore the number of rotating turns of the shell opening main shafts 3-25 can be identified;
referring to fig. 9, at least two groups of shell opening adjusting components 3-3 are arranged, the lower surfaces of the shell opening adjusting components are fixed on a shell opening fixing plate 3-1 through bolts, and the upper surfaces of the shell opening adjusting components are fixed on a shell opening power component 3-2 through bolts; the shell opening adjusting component 3-3 comprises an adjusting guide rail 3-31, an adjusting slide block 3-32, an adjusting connecting block 3-33, an adjusting rod 3-34 and an adjusting knob 3-35; the adjusting guide rail 3-31 is fixed on the open shell fixing plate 3-1 through a bolt, and the upper end of the adjusting guide rail is provided with an adjusting guide rail groove 3-311; the adjusting slide block 3-32 is sleeved in an adjusting guide rail groove 3-311 in the adjusting guide rail 3-31 and can slide up and down along the adjusting guide rail 3-31, the side end of the adjusting slide block is provided with slide block screw holes 3-321 with unlimited number, and the adjusting slide block 3-32 can be reliably locked by screwing in a bolt; the adjusting connecting blocks 3-33 are fixed on the adjusting guide rails 3-31 through bolts, and threaded holes are formed in the adjusting connecting blocks; the adjusting rods 3-34 are sleeved in the adjusting connecting blocks 3-33, the tail ends of the adjusting rods are fixedly connected with the adjusting sliding blocks 3-32, and when the adjusting rods 3-34 rotate along the adjusting connecting blocks 3-33, the adjusting sliding blocks 3-32 can be driven to move up and down for adjustment; the adjusting knob 3-35 is sleeved at the top end of the adjusting rod 3-34 and can be used for rotatably adjusting the rotating distance of the adjusting rod 3-34;
as shown in fig. 10-11, at least one group of the open-shell assemblies 3-4 is arranged, the specific number of the groups is not limited, and the groups are arranged and fixed on the open-shell connecting plates 3-24; the shell opening assembly 3-4 comprises a shell opening fixing plate 3-41, a cam sleeve 3-42, a cam connecting rod 3-43, a cam rocking handle 3-44, a cam sliding block 3-45, a first clamping block 3-46, a second clamping block 3-47, a locking bolt second 3-48, a shell opening pressing block 3-49 and a pressing bolt 3-40; the shell opening fixing plates 3-41 are L-shaped and are fixedly arranged on the shell opening connecting plates 3-24; the cam sleeve 3-42 is annular and is sleeved on the shell opening cam 3-26; the cam connecting rod 3-43 is in a long strip shape, one end of the cam connecting rod is connected with the cam sleeve 3-42, and the other end of the cam connecting rod is connected with the cam rocking handle 3-44; the lower ends of the cam rocking handles 3 to 44 are hinged with the cam sliding blocks 3 to 45 through bolts to form a hinged relation; the cam sliding blocks 3 to 45 are sleeved in the through grooves at the lower ends of the open shell fixing plates 3 to 41 and can slide up and down along the through grooves at the lower ends of the open shell fixing plates 3 to 41; the first clamping blocks 3-46 and the second clamping blocks 3-47 are symmetrically arranged in the cam sliding blocks 3-45, one ends of the first clamping blocks 3-46 are provided with first clamping block U-shaped grooves 3-461, and the other ends are provided with first clamping block clamping parts 3-462; one end of the second clamping block 3-47 is provided with a second clamping block U-shaped groove 3-471, and the other end is provided with a second clamping block clamping part 3-472; a second locking bolt 3-48 penetrates through the cam slider 3-45, the first clamping block U-shaped groove 3-461 and the second clamping block U-shaped groove 3-471, so that the cam slider 3-45, the first clamping block 3-46 and the second clamping block 3-47 form a connected relation; the shell opening pressing blocks 3-49 are arranged on the first clamping blocks 3-46 and the second clamping blocks 3-47, and the shell opening pressing blocks 3-49 are fixed on the shell opening fixing plates 3-41 through the compression bolts 3-40; finally, in the rotating process of the shell opening cam 3-46, the cam sleeve 3-42 is driven to reciprocate up and down, so that the cam connecting rod 3-43, the cam rocking handle 3-44 and the cam sliding block 3-45 reciprocate up and down, and finally the first clamping block 3-46 and the second clamping block 3-47 rotate back and forth along the compression bolt 3-40, so that the first clamping block clamping part 3-462 and the second clamping block clamping part 3-472 are clamped and opened continuously in a coordinated mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, a machine base device 1 is a base body of the whole pistachio nut automatic shell opening machine and is used for installing and fixing a feeding device 2 and a shell opening device 3; the feeding device 2 carries out queuing array conveying on the pistachio nuts to be shelled, when the feeding device 2 moves to a specific position, the cam of the shelling device 3 drives the shelling component at the front end to carry out shelling action on the pistachio nuts to be shelled, the shelled pistachio nuts are retracted by the feeding device 2 to be discharged, and automatic production of the automatic pistachio nut shelling machine is achieved through coordinated working movement of the devices.
The automatic pistachio nut shell opener disclosed by the invention is operated:
taking the feeding clamp assembly 2-8 out of the feeding device 2, and then stuffing pistachios to be shelled into the positioning clamps 2-82 in an array manner, so that the pistachios to be shelled are vertically placed on the positioning clamps 2-82, and a plurality of pistachios to be shelled are transversely and vertically arranged on the positioning clamps 2-82;
secondly, the feeding clamp assembly 2-8 is put back into the feeding device 2 and clamped in the adjustable positioning plate 2-7;
thirdly, starting the automatic pistachio nut cracking machine, driving the screw rods 2-23 to rotate by rotating the feeding motors 2-21, and driving the screw rod sleeves 2-26 to move forwards so as to drive the feeding clamp assemblies 2-8 to move forwards;
fourthly, simultaneously, the shell opening motor 3-22 rotates to drive the shell opening main shaft 3-25 to rotate at a certain speed, so that the shell opening cam 2-26 also rotates at a certain speed, the shell opening cam 3-26 drives the cam sleeve 3-42 to reciprocate up and down in the rotating process, so that the cam connecting rod 3-43, the cam rocking handle 3-44 and the cam sliding block 3-45 reciprocate up and down, and finally the first clamping block 3-46 and the second clamping block 3-47 do reciprocating rotary motion along the compression bolt 3-40, so that the first clamping block clamping part 3-462 and the second clamping block clamping part 3-472 are clamped and opened continuously in a coordinated manner;
fifthly, when the feeding clamp assembly 2-8 continuously moves forwards, the first row of pistachios to be shelled on the positioning clamp 2-82 moves to the lower part of the first clamping block 3-46 and the second clamping block 3-47, the shelling motor 3-22 drives the shelling cam 3-26 to rotate, the first clamping block clamping part 3-462 and the second clamping block clamping part 3-472 clamp the pistachios to be shelled on the positioning clamp 2-82, clamping force is applied to the pistachios to be shelled, the first row of pistachios to be shelled is subjected to certain clamping force, when the certain clamping force is reached, the shells of the pistachios to be shelled are squeezed to form a crack, and at the moment, the first clamping block 3-46 and the second clamping block 3-47 squeeze the shells of the first row of pistachios to be shelled on the feeding clamp assembly 2-8 to form a crack, completing the automatic shell opening work of the first row of pistachio nuts;
sixthly, the method comprises the following steps of, the shell opening motor 3-22 continues to move, the first clamping block 3-46 and the second clamping block 3-47 are loosened, the feeding motor 2-21 continues to move to enable the feeding clamp assembly 2-8 to move forwards, so that the second row of pistachios to be opened on the positioning clamp 2-82 moves to the position below the first clamping block 3-46 and the second clamping block 3-47, the shell opening motor 3-22 drives the shell opening cam 3-26 to rotate, the first clamping block clamping portion 3-462 and the second clamping block clamping portion 3-472 clamp the pistachios to be opened on the positioning clamp 2-82 and clamp the shells of the second row of pistachios to be opened on the feeding clamp assembly 2-8, and the first clamping block 3-46 and the second clamping block 3-47 enable the shells of the second row of pistachios to be opened on the feeding clamp assembly 2-8 to be squeezed to open a crack, and automatic shell opening work of the second row of pistachios is completed;
seventhly, through the coordinated movement of the feeding motors 2-21 and the shell opening motors 3-22, the to-be-opened pistachios on the feeding clamp assemblies 2-8 continuously move forwards, the shell opening motors 3-22 continuously drive the first clamping blocks 3-46 and the second clamping blocks 3-47 to perform shell opening movement on the to-be-opened pistachios, and the operation is circulated in such a way until the feeding clamp assemblies 2-8 convey the last row of to-be-opened pistachios to the lower parts of the first clamping blocks 3-46 and the second clamping blocks 3-47, so that the automatic shell opening movement of the circulating pistachios is completed;
eighthly, after the shell opening movement of the pistachio nuts in one cycle is finished, the feeding motor 2-21 drives the feeding clamp assembly 2-8 to move backwards, the pistachio nuts reach the initial position, an operator takes the feeding clamp assembly 2-8 out of the feeding device 2, then the pistachio nuts with shells opened are taken out of the feeding clamp assembly 2-8, then the pistachio nut arrays to be subjected to shell opening are plugged into the positioning clamps 2-82 and then placed into the feeding device 2 again, and the pistachio nuts are clamped in the adjustable positioning plates 2-7 and enter the automatic shell opening movement of the pistachio nuts in the next cycle.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and is not intended to limit other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, so long as the technical solutions of the present invention are not departed from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is to be included in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An automatic pistachio nut shell opening machine is characterized by comprising a machine base device, a feeding device and a shell opening device; the base device comprises a frame, a feeding device mounting position and a shell opening device mounting position; the feeding device is fixed on the feeding device mounting position in a horizontal state; the shell opening device is vertically fixed on the shell opening device mounting position;
the feeding device comprises a fixed frame, a feeding power assembly, a guide rail, a sliding block, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, an adjustable positioning plate and a feeding clamp assembly; the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the base device, and the feeding power assembly is fixed on the fixing frame; two guide rails are arranged and fixedly connected with the fixed frame; the sliding block is sleeved on the guide rail and is connected with the guide rail in a front-back sliding manner; the first connecting plate is flat, the lower end of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected with the sliding block and the screw rod sleeve, and the upper end of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second connecting plate; the lower end of the second connecting plate is fixedly connected with the first connecting plate; the adjustable positioning plate is in a flat plate shape and is fixedly connected with the second connecting plate; the feeding clamp assembly is placed on the second connecting plate and clamped and positioned between the adjustable positioning plates;
the shell opening device comprises a shell opening fixing plate, a shell opening power assembly, a shell opening adjusting assembly and a shell opening assembly; the shell opening fixing plate is flat, and the shell opening power assembly is fixed on the shell opening fixing plate through the shell opening adjusting assembly; the shell opening adjusting assemblies are at least provided with two groups, the lower surfaces of the shell opening adjusting assemblies are fixed on the shell opening fixing plates, and the upper surfaces of the shell opening adjusting assemblies are fixed on the shell opening power assemblies; the shell opening assembly is at least provided with one group and is uniformly fixed on the shell opening power assembly.
2. The automatic pistachio nut sheller according to claim 1, wherein the feeding power assembly comprises a feeding motor, a feeding coupler, a screw rod, a feeding bearing seat, a feeding bearing and a screw rod sleeve; the feeding motor adopts a stepping motor or a servo motor; an output shaft of the feeding motor is in transmission connection with the screw rod through a feeding coupling; the screw rod sleeve is sleeved on the screw rod and is connected with the screw rod through a feeding bearing; the feeding bearing block is fixed on the fixed frame and is assembled and connected with the feeding bearing.
3. The automatic pistachio nut sheller of claim 1, wherein the number of the adjustable positioning plates is two; the adjustable positioning plates are provided with U-shaped grooves, and the two adjustable positioning plates are fixed on the front side and the rear side of the second connecting plate respectively through bolts and the U-shaped grooves.
4. The automatic pistachio nut sheller of claim 1, wherein the feeding clamp assembly comprises a clamp mounting plate, a positioning clamp, a first locking bolt and a locking gasket; the clamp mounting plate is flat-plate-shaped, and a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the upper part of the clamp mounting plate; the positioning clamp is fixed in the through hole of the clamp mounting plate through a first locking bolt and a first locking gasket.
5. The automatic pistachio nut sheller of claim 4, wherein the positioning fixture is cylindrical and made of silica gel, rubber or plastic; the positioning clamp is provided with a groove and a thread; the groove is arranged at the upper end of the positioning clamp; the thread is arranged at the lower end of the positioning clamp and is fixedly connected with the first locking bolt.
6. The automatic pistachio nut shelling machine according to claim 1, wherein the shelling power assembly comprises a shelling connecting plate, a shelling motor, a shelling coupler, a shelling sensing block, a shelling main shaft, a shelling cam, a shelling bearing seat, a shelling bearing and a distance sensor; the shell opening connecting plate is integrally L-shaped, and the shell opening motor is connected with the shell opening adjusting assembly through the shell opening connecting plate; the shell opening motor adopts a stepping motor or a servo motor; the shell opening motor is in transmission connection with the shell opening main shaft through a shell opening coupler; the shell opening sensing block is in a ring shape, is sleeved and fixed on the shell opening main shaft, and is provided with a sensing block boss at the upper end; the plurality of shell opening cams are uniformly sleeved and fixed on the shell opening main shaft; the shell opening assembly is fixedly connected with the shell opening connecting plate through a shell opening bearing seat; the number of the open shell bearings is consistent with that of the open shell bearing seats, the outer rings of the open shell bearings are sleeved on the open shell bearing seats, and the inner rings of the open shell bearings are sleeved on the open shell main shaft; the distance sensor is arranged on the open-shell connecting plate.
7. The automatic pistachio nut shelling machine according to claim 1, wherein the shelling adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting guide rail, an adjusting slider, an adjusting connecting block, an adjusting rod and an adjusting knob; the adjusting guide rail is fixed on the open shell fixing plate, and the upper end of the adjusting guide rail is provided with an adjusting guide rail groove; the adjusting slide block is sleeved on the adjusting guide rail groove and is connected with the adjusting guide rail in a vertical sliding manner; the side end of the adjusting slide block is provided with a plurality of slide block screw holes; the adjusting connecting block is fixed on the adjusting guide rail, and a threaded hole is formed in the adjusting connecting block; the adjusting rod is sleeved in the adjusting connecting block, and the tail end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected with the adjusting slide block; the adjusting knob is sleeved at the top end of the adjusting rod.
8. The automatic pistachio nut shelling machine according to claim 1, wherein the shelling assembly comprises a shelling fixing plate, a cam sleeve, a cam connecting rod, a cam rocking handle, a cam sliding block, a first clamping block, a second clamping block, a locking bolt II, a shelling pressing block and a pressing bolt; the shell opening fixing plate is L-shaped and is fixed on the shell opening connecting plate; the cam sleeve is annular and is sleeved on the open shell cam; the cam connecting rod is in a strip shape, and the cam rocking handle is connected with the cam sleeve through the cam connecting rod; the lower end of the cam rocking handle is hinged with the cam sliding block; the cam sliding block is sleeved in a through groove at the lower end of the shell opening fixing plate and is connected with the shell opening fixing plate in a vertical sliding manner; the first clamping block and the second clamping block are symmetrically arranged in the cam slider, one end of the first clamping block is provided with a first clamping block U-shaped groove, and the other end of the first clamping block is provided with a first clamping block clamping part; one end of the second clamping block is provided with a second clamping block U-shaped groove, and the other end of the second clamping block is provided with a second clamping block clamping part; the locking bolt II penetrates through the cam sliding block, the first clamping block U-shaped groove and the second clamping block U-shaped groove, so that the cam sliding block, the first clamping block and the second clamping block form a connected relation; the shell opening pressing block is arranged on the first clamping block and the second clamping block and is fixed on the shell opening fixing plate through the compression bolt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010204561.9A CN113491339A (en) | 2020-03-21 | 2020-03-21 | Automatic shell opening machine for pistachio nuts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010204561.9A CN113491339A (en) | 2020-03-21 | 2020-03-21 | Automatic shell opening machine for pistachio nuts |
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| CN113491339A true CN113491339A (en) | 2021-10-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010204561.9A Pending CN113491339A (en) | 2020-03-21 | 2020-03-21 | Automatic shell opening machine for pistachio nuts |
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| CN (1) | CN113491339A (en) |
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