CN113482608B - Soil sampling method for ramming pipe - Google Patents
Soil sampling method for ramming pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN113482608B CN113482608B CN202110789925.9A CN202110789925A CN113482608B CN 113482608 B CN113482608 B CN 113482608B CN 202110789925 A CN202110789925 A CN 202110789925A CN 113482608 B CN113482608 B CN 113482608B
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- drill bit
- ramming
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- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 293
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 319
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/06—Foundation trenches ditches or narrow shafts
- E02D17/08—Bordering or stiffening the sides of ditches trenches or narrow shafts for foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The disclosure provides a soil sampling method of a tamping tube, which relates to the technical field of tamping tube construction, and can not only avoid the defect that soil cannot be sampled in the tamping tube with a smaller diameter directly by manpower, but also avoid the defect that the soil sampling of instruments such as a directional drilling bit from the tamping tube with the smaller diameter causes instrument damage and the like. The method comprises the steps of tamping a tamping pipe obliquely, changing the opening and closing state of a soil retaining cover plate, positioning a soil sampling system, approaching the soil material by the soil sampling system, sampling the soil by the soil sampling system and unloading the soil by the soil sampling system. The tamping pipe of the application is used for tamping the soil alternately with the soil sampling system, namely, after the tamping pipe is used for tamping a certain distance into the soil layer, the soil sampling system is used for sampling the soil. The soil retaining cover plate soil sampling pipe is inclined in the ramming pipe to cause the defect that the soil sampling system is difficult to sample soil, and the soil sampling system samples soil by utilizing the cone-shaped drill bit, so that the soil retaining cover plate soil sampling pipe has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, rapidness and high efficiency, reduces the risk of manually digging the soil in the ramming pipe in the past, and meets the requirements of on-site civilized construction.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of ramming pipe construction, in particular to a soil sampling method of a ramming pipe.
Background
When the directional drilling construction meets the stratum such as sandy pebble, gravel and the like, the direct construction can meet the problems of drill sticking, drill bit damage and the like, so that the isolation traversing construction is carried out by using a tamping pipe method when the stratum is met. The pipe tamping method is to tamp a pipe joint into a stratum by using a pneumatic rammer, take down the rammer after the pipe tamping is successful, and then take out soil. At present, the most common mode of soil sampling in the tamping pipe is a manual soil sampling or punching, grabbing and drilling method.
However, the methods of manual soil sampling, punching, grabbing, drilling and the like are suitable for sampling soil in a large-diameter ramming pipe, and in a ramming pipe with a smaller diameter (particularly when a sandy pebble stratum exists), the phenomenon of drilling sticking is aggravated frequently, and certain potential safety hazards exist in manual soil sampling, so that the construction period and the cost are lost. Therefore, the direct construction by the punching grabbing drill and the directional drilling method is not applicable to the soil sampling of the tamping pipe with the smaller diameter of the sandy pebble stratum, and the manual soil sampling is not in accordance with the requirements of site safety civilized construction.
In view of this, there is a need for a convenient soil sampling method that replaces manual and other inefficient methods in the directional drilling and tamping pipe construction process.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a soil sampling method for a tamping pipe, wherein the tamping pipe is used for tamping obliquely and sampling soil by a soil sampling system alternately, so that soil is sampled from the tamping pipe conveniently and rapidly. The soil retaining cover plate prevents the defect that soil sampling is lost due to the fact that the soil sampling system is filled with soil materials and the soil materials in the soil sampling pipe are tilted in the tamping pipe in the process of being pulled back to the outer side of the tamping pipe, and the soil sampling system uses the cone-shaped drill bit to sample soil.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
the soil sampling method of the ramming pipe comprises the following steps:
and (3) oblique tamping of the tamping pipe: the ramming pipe hammer is used for ramming the ramming pipe into the soil layer in an inclined mode, and soil materials in the soil layer gradually move towards the pipe orifice in the ramming pipe;
the opening and closing state of the soil retaining cover plate changes: when the soil material moves to a position 1/3-1/4 away from the pipe orifice, the soil retaining cover plate is adjusted from a closed state to an open state, wherein the open state is that the soil retaining cover plate opens a passage for the soil taking system to pass through and the soil in the ramming pipe to enter the soil taking pipe through the rotation of the soil sampler, and the soil retaining cover plate is closed in the process of conveying out the soil material after the soil taking pipe is filled with the soil;
the soil sampling system is in place: placing the soil sampling system and the tamping pipe in the same direction, wherein the head of the soil sampling system is aligned with the pipe orifice of the tamping pipe;
the soil sampling system is close to the soil: the drill rod of the soil sampling system is lengthened in sections, a cone drill bit and a soil sampling pipe of the soil sampling system are directly moved to the soil side of a soil layer in the ramming pipe, and the drill rod and the drill bit of the soil sampling system are finely adjusted by using the directional drill guiding system;
soil sampling by a soil sampling system: the cone-shaped drill bit, the drill rod and the soil taking pipe are slowly pushed to the soil layer in the tamping pipe by utilizing the thrust provided by the directional drilling machine on the soil taking system, so that the cone-shaped drill bit contacts with soil materials; the directional drilling machine pushes the drill rod and the conical drill bit to move axially in the ramming tube and rotate around the axis of the directional drilling machine, the directional drilling machine drives the conical drill bit to rotate and advance towards the bottom end of the ramming tube in soil, and the conical drill bit rotates from the ramming tube to take soil and then is arranged in a soil taking tube of the soil taking system;
soil unloading of the soil sampling system: pulling the soil sampling system back to the outer side of the ramming pipe by the pulling force provided by the directional drilling machine, connecting a preset chain with a preset buckle of the drill rod, driving the soil sampling system to rotate 180 degrees by the directional drilling machine, pouring out soil materials on the non-soil side from a soil outlet of the soil sampling pipe, and completing soil unloading;
the next soil taking cycle: the soil sampling system is rotated 180 degrees to perform the next soil sampling cycle.
In one possible implementation, the soil sampling system further includes:
along with the pushing of the ramming pipe, the cut soil material enters the ramming pipe, and the soil taking system stretches into the ramming pipe from the end part of the ramming pipe;
the cone-shaped drill bit of the soil sampling system is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod, and the drill rod is connected with the top end of the soil sampling pipe;
after the ramming pipe is obliquely rammed into a soil layer for a certain distance, the soil sampling system is moved into the soil layer in the ramming pipe, the conical drill bit is driven to rotate by the drill rod and simultaneously jacked forward, and when the soil sampling pipe is basically filled, the drill rod is continuously used for dragging the soil sampling system back to the outside of the ramming pipe;
the soil sampling system discharges the soil materials.
In one possible implementation, the cone drill bit is installed in the soil sampling pipe of the soil sampling system after rotating to sample soil from the ramming pipe, and the method comprises the following steps:
the spiral blade of the cone-shaped drill bit is fixedly arranged on the drill bit matrix of the cone-shaped drill bit, and the width of the spiral blade gradually decreases from the top end of the soil taking pipe to the bottom end of the soil taking pipe, so that the spiral blade is cone-shaped;
when the soil material enters the helical blade along the bottom end of the helical blade, the helical blade rotates along with the soil material, the soil material and the helical blade are pushed to jointly generate torque, and the soil material which subsequently enters the helical blade pushes the preceding soil material to move towards the top end of the helical blade along the helical blade, and the cone-shaped drill bit is filled into a soil sampling pipe of the soil sampling system after rotating from the ramming pipe until the soil sampling pipe is full.
In one possible implementation, the soil is taken using a soil taking device;
the soil sampling device comprises a soil sampling system;
the soil sampling system comprises a drill rod and a cone-shaped drill bit, wherein the cone-shaped drill bit is connected below the drill rod in sequence, and the bottom end of the drill rod is fixedly connected with the large end of the cone-shaped drill bit;
the cone-shaped drill bit is positioned in the soil taking pipe, the small end of the cone-shaped drill bit is arranged close to the bottom of the soil taking pipe, and the large end of the cone-shaped drill bit is arranged close to the top of the soil taking pipe;
the drill rod drives the cone-shaped drill bit to rotate, and the cone-shaped drill bit fetches earth from the ramming tube.
In one possible implementation manner, the cone-shaped drill bit comprises a drill bit base body and a spiral blade, wherein the spiral blade is fixedly arranged on the drill bit base body, and the width of the spiral blade gradually decreases from the top end of the soil taking pipe to the bottom end of the soil taking pipe, so that the spiral blade is cone-shaped;
the helical blade rotates from the ramming pipe to take out soil and then is arranged in the soil taking pipe.
In one possible implementation manner, the pipe wall of the soil taking pipe is provided with a soil outlet, and the soil conveyed by the cone-shaped drill bit is poured out from the soil outlet.
In one possible implementation manner, the soil sampling pipe corresponding to the soil outlet is provided with a plurality of frames, and the frames are distributed along the axial direction of the soil sampling pipe;
each frame is fixed with the inner wall of the soil taking pipe.
In one possible implementation manner, an openable soil retaining cover plate is movably arranged in the soil sampling pipe, and divides the soil sampling pipe into a soil side and a non-soil side;
the cone drill bit is located on the soilless side of the soil sampling pipe when the soil retaining cover plate is closed, and the cone drill bit is located on the soil sampling side of the soil sampling pipe from the soilless side of the soil sampling pipe when the soil retaining cover plate is opened.
In one possible implementation manner, a movable mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the soil sampling pipe, and the movable mechanism is connected with the soil sampling pipe and the soil retaining cover plate;
the soil retaining cover plate moves from the bottom end to the top end of the soil sampling pipe through the movable mechanism under the pushing of soil materials in the soil sampling pipe outer ramming pipe.
In one possible implementation, the soil retaining cover plate is connected with the soil sampling pipe through a thin rod, and the soil retaining cover plate rotates around the thin rod to block the soil material from tilting toward the soil-free side of the soil sampling pipe.
In one possible implementation manner, the soil retaining cover plate comprises a first cover plate and a second cover plate, and the first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively connected with the soil sampling pipe;
an opening and closing mechanism is arranged between the first cover plate and the second cover plate and opens or closes to the soil-free side of the soil taking pipe.
In the present disclosure, there are at least the following technical effects or advantages:
1. the tamping pipe of the application is used for tamping the soil alternately with the soil sampling system, namely, after the tamping pipe is used for tamping a certain distance into the soil layer, the soil sampling system is used for sampling the soil. The soil retaining cover plate prevents the defect that soil sampling is lost due to the fact that the soil sampling system is filled with soil materials and the soil materials in the soil sampling pipe are tilted in the tamping pipe in the process of being pulled back to the outer side of the tamping pipe, and the soil sampling system uses the cone-shaped drill bit to sample soil.
2. According to the embodiment of the application, the cone-shaped drill bit of the soil taking body is used for taking soil from the ramming tube, so that the defects that soil cannot be taken directly in the ramming tube with a smaller diameter by manpower, and the devices such as the directional drill bit and the like are damaged by taking the soil from the soil taking tube with a smaller diameter are overcome, and the soil taking device is simple and convenient to operate, safe and efficient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for soil sampling for a ramming tube according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil sampling device corresponding to a soil sampling method of a ramming tube according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the soil sampling system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the soil taking pipe and the retaining cover plate of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the soil outlet portion of the soil taking pipe of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the retaining cover plate of FIGS. 2 and 4;
reference numerals: 1-a soil sampling system; 11-drill pipe; 12-cone drill bit; 121-a bit matrix; 122-helical blades; 2-taking out soil pipes; 21-a soil outlet; 22-frame; 3-a soil retaining cover plate; 5-thin rods; 6-a chain; a-a big end; b-small end.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that the embodiments are not limited to the disclosure, and functional, method, or structural equivalents and alternatives according to the embodiments are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure by those skilled in the art.
In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the disclosure provides a soil sampling method of a ramming tube, including the following steps:
and (3) oblique tamping of the tamping pipe: the ramming pipe hammer is used for obliquely ramming the ramming pipe into a soil layer, and soil materials in the soil layer gradually move towards a pipe orifice in the ramming pipe relative to the ramming pipe;
the opening and closing state of the soil retaining cover plate 3 is changed: when the soil material moves to a position 1/3-1/4 away from the pipe orifice, the soil retaining cover plate 3 is adjusted from a closed state to an open state, wherein the open state is that the soil retaining cover plate 3 opens a passage for the soil sampling system 1 to penetrate through and the soil in the ramming pipe to enter the soil sampling pipe through the rotation of the soil sampling device, and the soil retaining cover plate is closed in the process of conveying out the soil material after the soil sampling pipe is filled with the soil;
the soil sampling system 1 is in place: placing the soil sampling system 1 and the tamping pipe in the same direction, and aligning the head of a drill rod 11 of the soil sampling system 1 to the pipe orifice of the tamping pipe;
the soil sampling system 1 is close to the soil: the drill rod 11 of the soil sampling system 1 is lengthened in sections, the conical drill bit 12 of the soil sampling system 1 is directly moved to the soil material position of the soil layer in the ramming tube, and the drill rod 11 and the drill bit position of the soil sampling system 1 are finely adjusted by the directional drill guiding system;
soil sampling system 1 samples soil: the cone-shaped drill bit 12 and the drill rod 11 are slowly pushed to the soil layer in the ramming tube by utilizing the thrust provided by the directional drilling machine for the soil sampling system 1, so that the cone-shaped drill bit 12 contacts with soil materials; the power provided by the directional drilling machine drives the drill rod 11 and the conical drill bit 12 to move axially in the ramming tube and rotate around the axis of the drill rod, the directional drilling machine drives the conical drill bit 12 to rotate and jack into the soil material towards the bottom end of the ramming tube, and the conical drill bit rotates to fill the soil material into the soil sampling tube of the soil sampling system after rotating to sample the soil from the ramming tube;
soil unloading of the soil sampling system: pulling force provided by the directional drilling machine drags the soil sampling system 1 back to the outer side of the ramming pipe, a preset chain 6 is connected with a preset buckle of the drill rod 11, the directional drilling machine drives the soil sampling system 1 to rotate 180 degrees, soil materials are poured out from a soil outlet of the soil sampling pipe 2, and soil unloading is completed;
the next soil taking cycle: the soil sampling system 1 is rotated 180 degrees to perform the next soil sampling cycle.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the disclosure, the soil retaining cover plate 3 capable of moving back and forth is disposed at the end of the soil sampling tube 2, the diameter of the soil retaining cover plate 3 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the soil sampling tube 2, short steel bars for blocking the soil retaining cover plate 3 from moving outside the soil sampling tube 2 are welded at the front end of the soil sampling tube 2, and the two groups of short steel bars are symmetrically disposed. The whole soil sampling system 1 is arranged at the front end of a directional drilling drill rod 11, and the soil sampling device consists of the drill rod 11, a cone-shaped drill bit 12, a rotary digging plate and a soil sampling pipe 2, wherein the cone-shaped drill bit 12 is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod 11, and the drill rod 11 is connected with the root (top) of the soil sampling pipe 2 and can stretch and rotate in the soil sampling pipe 2; when the soil layer is compacted by the tamping pipe obliquely, the soil sampling device is moved into the soil layer in the tamping pipe, the telescopic drill rod 11 drives the cone drill bit 12 to rotate and simultaneously push forwards, when the soil sampling pipe 2 is basically filled, the directional drill rod 11 is continuously used for dragging the soil sampling device back out of the soil sampling pipe 2, the soil retaining cover plate 3 can prevent a large amount of soil in the dragging back pipe from being missed in the dragging back process, finally the soil sampling pipe 2 is connected with a preset buckle on the drill rod 11, the whole device is rotated for 180 degrees, soil in the pipe is discharged from a reserved hole, and the soil sampling device is rotated for 180 degrees again, so that the soil sampling process is completed. The soil sampling device is simple and convenient to operate, is quick and efficient, reduces the risk of manually digging soil into the ramming pipe in the past, and meets the requirements of on-site civilized construction.
According to the soil sampling method for the tamping pipe, a soil sampling system 1 connected with a drill rod of a directional drilling machine and the tamping pipe are placed in the same horizontal direction, and the head of the drill rod 11 is aligned with the tail of the tamping pipe; after the directional drilling rod 11 is lengthened in a segmented way, the soil sampling system 1 is directly moved to the pipe orifice of the ramming pipe, and the direction is finely adjusted through the directional drilling guiding system; the soil sampling system 1 is slowly pushed to the soil layer in the ramming pipe by utilizing the thrust provided by the directional drilling machine on the soil sampling system, so that the cone-shaped drill bit 12 is contacted with the soil layer, and the soil retaining cover plate 3 is opened towards the drill rod 11 side; the soil sampling device is rotated by torque and thrust provided by the directional drilling machine on the soil sampling system, and soil materials are rotated to the soil sampling pipe 2; pulling the whole soil sampling system 1 to the outside of the ramming tube for soil unloading through the pulling force provided by the directional drilling machine; repeating the steps, and continuing the soil sampling construction.
In the step of changing the opening and closing state of the soil retaining cover plate 3, the soil retaining cover plate 3 is connected to the bottom of the soil sampling pipe 2 through a movable joint, and after the soil sampling pipe 2 is rammed into a soil layer for a certain distance, the whole device is moved into the soil near end in the ramming pipe; the soil taking device consists of a drill rod 11 and a cone drill bit 12 used for directional drilling, and the joint uses a welding mode, namely a welding position is positioned at the joint of the drill rod 11 and the cone drill bit 12. The drill rod 11 is connected with the soil sampling pipe 2 by a free rotation device, the soil sampling device is driven by the directional drilling machine to push the soil sampling device to the soil layer in the soil sampling pipe 2, the drill rod 11 is driven to be pressed down, meanwhile, the conical drill bit 12 is rotated, at the moment, soil in the ramming pipe is filled into the soil sampling pipe 2, and the soil sampling pipe 2 does not rotate along with the soil sampling system 1 in the ramming pipe; the soil sampling system 1 is pulled back to the outside of the ramming tube by using the directional drilling machine, the preset chain 6 is connected with the preset semicircular hook of the drill rod 11, and at the moment, the directional drilling machine drives the whole soil sampling system 1 to rotate 180 degrees, soil is sampled out from the soil outlet 21, and soil unloading is completed. (the soil retaining cover plate 3 is connected to the bottom of the soil sampling tube 2 through a movable joint, after the soil sampling tube is compacted into a soil layer for a certain distance, the whole soil sampling device is moved into the soil sampling tube near end, the soil sampling system 1 comprises a drill rod 11 for directional drilling and a conical drill bit 12, the drill rod 11 for directional drilling and the conical drill bit 12 are welded at the contact position of the drill rod 11 for directional drilling and the conical drill bit 12, the drill rod 11 is connected with the soil sampling tube 2 through a free rotation device, the soil sampling device is driven by the directional drilling machine to push the soil sampling device to the soil layer in the soil sampling tube, the drill rod 11 is driven to be pressed down, the conical drill bit 12 is rotated, at the moment, soil in the soil sampling tube is loaded into the soil sampling tube 2, the soil sampling tube 2 does not rotate along with the soil sampling system 1 in the soil sampling tube, the directional drilling machine is used for dragging the soil sampling system 1 out of the soil sampling tube, a preset chain 6 is connected with a preset semicircular hook of the drill rod 11, at the moment, the directional drilling machine is driven by the whole soil sampling system 1 to rotate 180 degrees, and the soil is poured out of the soil sampling hole 21, and the soil is unloaded.
Referring to fig. 6, a retaining cover 3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is a solid structure with two circular arcs removed in parallel, and a soil outlet 21 is a tube wall removed from a soil sampling tube 2. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the soil sampling system 1 consisting of the directional drilling power, the drill rod 11, the soil sampling device and the soil retaining cover plate 3 is used for sampling soil in the tamping pipe by obliquely tamping, so that the damage and the damage caused by direct construction of the directional drilling bit or other bits can be effectively solved, the risk of manually sampling soil in the pipe directly is avoided, the working efficiency is improved, the site civilization construction is met, and the method is simple and convenient to operate, safe and efficient.
The above soil sampling step of the soil sampling system 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes:
along with the pushing of the ramming pipe, the cut soil enters the ramming pipe, and the soil sampling system 1 extends into the ramming pipe from the top end of the ramming pipe; the cone-shaped drill bit 12 of the soil sampling system 1 is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod 11, and the drill rod 11 is connected with the top end of the soil sampling pipe 2; after the ramming pipe is rammed obliquely into a soil layer for a certain distance, the conical drill rod 11 of the soil sampling system 1 is moved into the soil layer in the ramming pipe, the conical drill bit 12 is driven to rotate by the drill rod 11 and simultaneously jacked forwards, and when the soil sampling pipe 2 is basically filled, the drill rod 11 is continuously used for dragging the soil sampling system 1 back out of the ramming pipe; the soil sampling system 1 discharges the soil material in the soil sampling pipe 2.
The above-mentioned cone drill bit of this disclosure embodiment is loaded into the soil sampling pipe of soil sampling system after the gyration is taken out from ramming the pipe, includes:
the helical blades 122 of the cone drill bit 12 are fixedly arranged on the drill bit base 121 of the cone drill bit 12, and the widths of the helical blades 122 gradually decrease from the top end of the soil sampling pipe 2 to the bottom end of the soil sampling pipe 2, so that the helical blades 122 are tapered; when the soil material enters the helical blade 122 along the bottom end of the helical blade 122, the helical blade 122 is driven to jointly generate torque along with the rotation of the helical blade 122, and the soil material subsequently entering the helical blade 122 drives the preceding soil material to move along the helical blade 122 towards the top end of the helical blade 122 until the cone drill bit rotates from the ramming pipe to take out soil and then is put into a soil taking pipe of a soil taking system.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, an embodiment of the disclosure provides a soil sampling method of a ramming tube, wherein a soil sampling step of a soil sampling system 1 of the soil sampling method corresponds to a soil sampling device, the soil sampling device comprises the soil sampling system 1, the soil sampling system 1 comprises a drill rod 11 and a cone drill bit 12, the cone drill bit 12 is connected below the drill rod 11 in a sequential manner, and the bottom end of the drill rod 11 is fixedly connected with the large end of the cone drill bit 12; the cone-shaped drill bit 12 is positioned in the soil taking pipe 2, the small end of the cone-shaped drill bit 12 is arranged close to the bottom of the soil taking pipe, and the large end of the cone-shaped drill bit 12 is arranged close to the top of the soil taking pipe; the drill rod 11 drives the cone drill bit 12 to rotate, and the cone drill bit 12 fetches earth from the ramming tube.
The basic principle of the pipe ramming method is that compressed air or hydraulic oil is used as power to directly ram the pipe rammer to be paved into stratum along the designed route. The oblique tamping of the embodiment of the disclosure refers to that the tamping route of the tamping pipe is oblique in the tamping process of the tamping pipe hammer.
As the cut earth material enters the ramming tube as the ramming tube advances, the earth material in the ramming tube is discharged using the soil sampling system 1 of the embodiment of the present disclosure. The soil sampling system 1 is arranged inside the soil sampling pipe 2. The cone drill bit 12 of the soil sampling system 1 is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod 11, the drill rod 11 is connected with the top end of the soil sampling pipe 2, and the drill rod 11 can axially move in the soil sampling pipe 2 and rotate around the axis of the drill rod 11. When the soil sampling pipe 2 is obliquely rammed into a soil layer for a certain distance, the conical drill rod 11 of the soil sampling system 1 is moved into the soil layer in the soil sampling pipe 2, the conical drill bit 12 is driven to rotate by the drill rod 11 and simultaneously jacked forward, and when the soil sampling pipe 2 is basically filled, the drill rod 11 is continuously used for dragging the soil sampling system 1 back to the outside of the rammed pipe.
The soil sampling system 1 of the embodiment of the present disclosure discharges the soil material in the following process: placing the directional drilling machine and the tamping pipe in the same horizontal direction, and aligning the head of the drill rod 11 to the top end of the tamping pipe; after the drill rod 11 of the directional drill is lengthened in a segmented way, the soil sampling system 1 is directly moved to the pipe orifice of the ramming pipe, and the direction is finely adjusted through the directional drill guiding system; the soil sampling system 1 is slowly pushed to the soil material position in the ramming tube by utilizing the thrust provided by the directional drilling machine on the soil sampling system, so that the cone-shaped drill bit 12 is contacted with the soil layer, and at the moment, the soil retaining cover plate 3 is opened towards the drill rod 11 side; the soil sampling system 1 is rotated by torque and thrust provided by the directional drilling machine on the soil sampling system, and soil materials are rotated to the soil-free side of the soil sampling pipe; the whole soil sampling system 1 and the soil sampling pipe 2 are pulled back to the outside of the ramming pipe by the pulling force provided by the directional drilling machine to discharge soil.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the cone drill bit 12 of the disclosed embodiment includes a drill bit base 121 and a helical blade 122, where the helical blade 122 is fixedly disposed on the drill bit base 121, and the width of the helical blade 122 gradually decreases from the top end of the tamping tube to the bottom end of the tamping tube, so that the helical blade 122 is cone-shaped; the helical blades 122 are rotated excessively to load the soil in the ramming tube into the soil taking tube 2, thereby completing the soil taking in the ramming tube.
The helical blade 122 of the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the soil material enters the helical blade 122 along the bottom end of the helical blade 122, as the helical blade 122 rotates, pushes the soil material and the helical blade 122 to generate torque together, and the soil material subsequently entering the helical blade 122 pushes the preceding soil material to move along the helical blade 122 toward the top end of the helical blade 122.
Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, the wall of the soil taking pipe 2 in the embodiment of the disclosure is provided with a soil outlet 21, and the soil conveyed by the cone drill bit 12 is poured out from the soil outlet 21. The presently disclosed embodiments utilize the helical blades 122 to transport the earth material through the outlet 21 for dumping the earth material.
With continued reference to fig. 2, 4 and 5, the soil sampling pipe 2 corresponding to the soil outlet 21 is provided with a plurality of frames 22, and the frames 22 are distributed along the axial direction of the soil sampling pipe; each frame 22 is secured to the inner wall of the soil pick-up tube. The purpose of the frame 22 of the presently disclosed embodiments is to strengthen the pipe 2 at the outlet 21. The cross section of the frame 22 in the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure is circular, the circular cross section is adapted to the inner wall of the soil sampling pipe, in addition, the frame 22 is preferably a reinforced frame, and the reinforced frame is convenient for fixing the inner wall of the soil sampling pipe 2 and has the advantages of low material cost and convenient manufacture.
With continued reference to fig. 2 and 4, an openable and closable soil retaining cover plate 3 is movably arranged in the soil sampling pipe 2, and the soil retaining cover plate 3 divides the soil sampling pipe 2 into a soil side and a non-soil side; the cone drill bit 12 is located on the soilless side of the soil sampling pipe when the soil retaining cover plate 3 is closed, and the cone drill bit 12 samples soil from the soilless side of the soil sampling pipe to the soil side when the soil retaining cover plate 3 is opened.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the soil retaining cover plate 3 which is axially movable along the soil sampling pipe 2 is arranged at the bottom end of the soil sampling pipe, the diameter of the soil retaining cover plate 3 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the soil sampling pipe 2, the short steel bars are welded at the top end of the soil sampling pipe, the short steel bars block the soil retaining cover plate 3 to move outside the soil sampling pipe, and the two groups of short steel bars are symmetrically arranged.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a movable mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the ramming tube, and the movable mechanism is connected with the soil taking tube 2 and the soil retaining cover plate 3; in the process of unearthing, the soil retaining cover plate 3 moves towards the bottom end of the soil sampling pipe through the movable mechanism under the pushing of the soil materials in the soil sampling pipe 2.
The movable mechanism of the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a sliding chute sliding block mechanism, a guiding chute guiding block mechanism or a chain wheel and chain 6 mechanism, and in principle, any mechanical structure that can realize the axial reciprocation of the soil retaining cover plate 3 along the soil sampling pipe 2 may be referred to as a movable mechanism of the present application.
With continued reference to fig. 6, in the embodiment of the disclosure, the soil retaining cover plate 3 is connected to the soil sampling pipe 2 by a thin rod 5, and the soil retaining cover plate 3 rotates around the thin rod 5 to block the non-soil side-dumping of the soil material to the soil sampling pipe.
The thin rod 5 of the disclosed embodiment is connected with the soil sampling tube 2, the soil retaining cover plate 3 is connected with the thin rod 5, and the soil retaining cover plate 3 rotates around the thin rod 5 in the soil sampling tube 2. The soil retaining cover plate 3 is a solid device and is connected with the soil sampling pipe 2 through a thin rod 5, the soil retaining cover plate 3 can rotate back and forth at the joint, the soil retaining cover plate 3 is reversely pressed into the ramming pipe by the soil layer after the whole soil sampling system 1 enters the soil layer, in the process that the soil sampling device moves outwards, the soil in the soil sampling pipe 2 can extrude the baffle to move outwards due to the inclined arrangement of the ramming pipe in the process that the soil moves outwards, and at the moment, the short steel bars which are symmetrically arranged and welded at the pipe mouth block the soil retaining cover plate 3 from rotating outside the pipe around, namely, the soil in the soil sampling pipe 2 is blocked from dumping outwards.
With continued reference to fig. 6, the soil retaining cover 3 in the embodiment of the disclosure includes a first cover and a second cover, which are respectively connected to the soil sampling pipe 2; an opening and closing mechanism is arranged between the first cover plate and the second cover plate and opens or closes to the non-soil side of the soil taking pipe.
Referring to fig. 6, the first cover plate and the second cover plate shown in fig. 6 are both circular, a gap area is above the thin rods 5 of the first cover plate and the second cover plate shown in fig. 6, a solid area is below the thin rods 5 of the soil retaining cover plate 3, and in actual use, the solid area retains soil and the hollow area is for the cone drill bit 12 to pass through. The first cover plate and the second cover plate are both connected with the soil sampling pipe 2. When the hollow region of the first cover plate and the hollow region of the second cover plate are joined, the conical drill rod 11 can pass through the hollow region. Both the first cover plate and the second cover plate of the presently disclosed embodiments are rotatable about respective thin rods 5.
According to the embodiment of the application, the cone-shaped drill bit 12 of the soil taking system 1 is used for taking soil from the tamping pipe which is tamping obliquely, so that the defects that soil cannot be taken directly in the tamping pipe with a smaller diameter by manpower, and the devices such as the directional drill bit and the like are damaged by taking soil from the sandy pebble soil are avoided, and the soil taking device is simple and convenient to operate, safe and efficient.
The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical embodiments of the present disclosure, they are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the disclosure being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The soil sampling method of the ramming pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
and (3) oblique tamping of the tamping pipe: the ramming pipe hammer is used for ramming the ramming pipe into the soil layer in an inclined mode, and soil materials in the soil layer gradually move towards the pipe orifice in the ramming pipe;
the opening and closing state of the soil retaining cover plate changes: when the soil material moves to a position 1/3-1/4 away from the pipe orifice, the soil retaining cover plate is adjusted from a closed state to an open state, wherein the open state is that the soil retaining cover plate opens a passage for the soil taking system to pass through and the soil in the ramming pipe to enter the soil taking pipe through the rotation of the soil sampler, and the soil retaining cover plate is closed in the process of conveying out the soil material after the soil taking pipe is filled with the soil;
the soil sampling system is in place: placing the soil sampling system and the tamping pipe in the same direction, wherein the head of the soil sampling system is aligned with the pipe orifice of the tamping pipe;
the soil sampling system is close to the soil: the drill rod of the soil sampling system is lengthened in sections, a cone drill bit and a soil sampling pipe of the soil sampling system are directly moved to a soil layer in the ramming pipe, and the drill rod and the drill bit of the soil sampling system are finely adjusted by a directional drill guiding system;
soil sampling by a soil sampling system: the cone-shaped drill bit, the drill rod and the soil taking pipe are slowly pushed to the soil layer in the tamping pipe by utilizing the thrust provided by the directional drilling machine on the soil taking system, so that the cone-shaped drill bit contacts with soil materials; the directional drilling machine pushes the drill rod and the conical drill bit to move axially in the ramming tube and rotate around the axis of the directional drilling machine, the directional drilling machine drives the conical drill bit to rotate and advance towards the bottom end of the ramming tube in soil, and the conical drill bit rotates from the ramming tube to take soil and then is arranged in a soil taking tube of the soil taking system;
soil unloading of the soil sampling system: pulling force provided by the directional drilling machine drags the soil sampling system back to the outer side of the ramming pipe, a preset chain is connected with a preset buckle of the drill rod, the directional drilling machine drives the soil sampling system to rotate 180 degrees, soil materials are poured out from a soil outlet of the soil sampling pipe, and soil unloading is completed;
the next soil taking cycle: the soil sampling system is rotated 180 degrees to perform the next soil sampling cycle;
the system of taking out soil is taken out soil still includes:
along with the pushing of the ramming pipe, the cut soil material enters the ramming pipe, and the soil taking system stretches into the ramming pipe from the end part of the ramming pipe;
the cone-shaped drill bit of the soil sampling system is arranged at the lower end of the drill rod, and the drill rod is connected with the top end of the soil sampling pipe;
after the ramming pipe is obliquely rammed into a soil layer for a certain distance, the soil sampling system is moved into the soil layer in the ramming pipe, the conical drill bit is driven to rotate by the drill rod and simultaneously jacked forward, and when the soil sampling pipe is basically filled, the drill rod is continuously used for dragging the soil sampling system back to the outside of the ramming pipe;
the soil sampling system discharges the soil materials.
2. The method for taking soil from a ramming tube according to claim 1, wherein the cone drill bit is installed in the soil taking tube of the soil taking system after turning the soil taking from the ramming tube, comprising: the spiral blade of the cone-shaped drill bit is fixedly arranged on the drill bit matrix of the cone-shaped drill bit, and the width of the spiral blade gradually decreases from the top end of the soil taking pipe to the bottom end of the soil taking pipe, so that the spiral blade is cone-shaped;
when the soil material enters the helical blade along the bottom end of the helical blade, the helical blade rotates along with the soil material, the soil material and the helical blade are pushed to jointly generate torque, and the soil material which subsequently enters the helical blade pushes the preceding soil material to move towards the top end of the helical blade along the helical blade, and the cone-shaped drill bit is filled into a soil sampling pipe of the soil sampling system after rotating from the ramming pipe until the soil sampling pipe is full.
3. The soil sampling method of a ramming tube according to claim 1, wherein the soil is sampled using a soil sampling device;
the soil sampling device comprises a soil sampling system;
the soil sampling system comprises a drill rod and a cone-shaped drill bit, wherein the cone-shaped drill bit is connected below the drill rod in sequence, and the bottom end of the drill rod is fixedly connected with the large end of the cone-shaped drill bit;
the cone-shaped drill bit is positioned in the soil taking pipe, the small end of the cone-shaped drill bit is arranged close to the bottom of the soil taking pipe, and the large end of the cone-shaped drill bit is arranged close to the top of the soil taking pipe;
the drill rod drives the cone-shaped drill bit to rotate, and the cone-shaped drill bit fetches earth from the ramming tube.
4. The soil sampling method of claim 3, wherein the cone-shaped drill bit comprises a drill bit base body and a spiral blade, the spiral blade is fixedly arranged on the drill bit base body, and the width of the spiral blade gradually decreases from the top end of the soil sampling pipe to the bottom end of the soil sampling pipe, so that the spiral blade is cone-shaped;
the helical blade rotates from the ramming pipe to take out soil and then is arranged in the soil taking pipe.
5. The soil sampling method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the wall of the soil sampling pipe is provided with a soil outlet, and the soil conveyed by the cone drill bit is poured out from the soil outlet.
6. The soil sampling method of the soil sampling pipe according to claim 5, wherein the soil sampling pipe corresponding to the soil outlet is provided with a plurality of frames which are distributed along the axial direction of the soil sampling pipe;
each frame is fixed with the inner wall of the soil taking pipe.
7. A soil sampling method for a soil sampling pipe according to claim 3, wherein a soil retaining cover plate which can be opened and closed is movably arranged in the soil sampling pipe, and the soil retaining cover plate divides the soil sampling pipe into a soil side and a non-soil side;
the cone drill bit is located on the soilless side of the soil sampling pipe when the soil retaining cover plate is closed, and the cone drill bit is located on the soil sampling side of the soil sampling pipe from the soilless side of the soil sampling pipe when the soil retaining cover plate is opened.
8. The soil sampling method of the soil sampling pipe according to claim 7, wherein the inner wall of the soil sampling pipe is provided with a movable mechanism, and the movable mechanism is connected with the soil sampling pipe and the soil retaining cover plate;
the soil retaining cover plate moves from the bottom end to the top end of the soil sampling pipe through the movable mechanism under the pushing of soil materials in the soil sampling pipe outer ramming pipe.
9. The soil sampling method of claim 7, wherein the soil retaining cover plate is connected to the soil sampling tube by a thin rod, and the soil retaining cover plate rotates around the thin rod to block the soil from tilting toward the soil-free side of the soil sampling tube.
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| CN113482608A (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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