CN113481721A - 一种用于poy生产的化纤油剂组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于poy生产的化纤油剂组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及纤维加工技术领域，具体公开了一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物及其制备方法；该化纤油剂组合物包括以下重量份的原料：季戊四醇脂肪酸酯55‑80份、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚10‑20份、蔗糖聚酯2‑6份、二甲基硅油2‑8份、火炭母提取物0.2‑0.6份、润湿剂2‑6份、抗静电剂1‑3份；其制备方法为：将季戊四醇脂肪酸酯、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、蔗糖聚酯混合，混合均匀后加入二甲基硅油、火炭母提取物混合均匀，得到第一混合物；将第一混合物与润湿剂、抗静电剂共同混合，混合均匀后得到POY生产用化纤油剂组合物；本申请的用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物具有耐热性能好的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纤维加工技术领域，尤其是涉及一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物及其制备方法
背景技术
涤纶POY是涤纶预取向丝，是聚酯切片通过纺丝设备，采用熔融纺丝法直接抽成的丝，纺丝速度在3000m/min以上；经纺丝得到的POY丝具有较好的抗静电性能和集束性。
由于涤纶POY的纺丝速度较大，丝束与导丝器组件之间容易高速摩擦，易产生纤维磨损和静电现象，因此通常需要化学油剂对涤纶POY进行处理，从而增强涤纶POY的抱合力，减少静电问题；目前的POY生产用油剂，一般由润滑剂、表面活性剂等物质制得，从而赋予涤纶POY较好的抗静电性能、集束性能，涤纶POY常常用作DTY的专用丝，通过假捻变形工艺制备得到DTY。
通过上述中的相关技术，涤纶POY制备DTY过程中是在150℃以上的高温条件下进行，对涤纶POY进行卷曲、螺旋等变形，而目前的油剂耐热性较差，容易在受热过程中分解后挥发，导致油剂使用效果不佳。
发明内容
为了增强POY生产的化纤油剂组合物耐热性能，本申请提供了一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物及其制备方法。
第一方面，本申请提供一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，采用如下的技术方案：
一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，包括以下重量份的原料：
季戊四醇脂肪酸酯55-80份；
烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚10-20份；
蔗糖聚酯2-6份；
二甲基硅油2-8份；
火炭母提取物0.2-0.6份；
润湿剂2-6份；
抗静电剂1-3份。
通过采用上述技术方案，采用润滑性能和热稳定性能较好的季戊四醇脂肪酸酯和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚，共同对涤纶POY进行上油，减少油剂的挥发，同时使得涤纶POY均匀受热，增强油剂组合物的使用效果；蔗糖聚酯是一种油类替代品，和季戊四醇脂肪酸酯配合后，具有较好的润滑性能和稳定性能，进一步增强油剂的耐热性能；火炭母提取物是常用的中草药之一，和蔗糖聚酯协同配合，应用于涤纶POY并进行高温处理时，不易分解挥发，从而有效增强油剂的耐热性能，提高对涤纶POY的润滑效果；加入润湿剂，有效对涤纶POY进行润湿，从而将季戊四醇脂肪酸酯、蔗糖聚酯、火炭母提取物充分浸入涤纶POY中，进一步增强油剂的润滑效果；加入抗静电剂后，和季戊四醇脂肪酸酯等润滑性物质配合，减少静电积累，提高涤纶POY的抗静电性能。
综上所述，采用季戊四醇脂肪酸酯和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚作为主要物质，赋予油剂组合物较好的润滑性能和柔顺性能，提高POY的品质；加入火炭母提取物和蔗糖聚酯，相互协同配合，使得油剂组合物在高温下不易挥发，有效增强油剂组合物的耐热性能。
优选的，所述润湿剂由聚醚改性硅油和月桂酸聚氧乙烯醚组成，聚醚改性硅油和月桂酸聚氧乙烯醚的重量比为1:(1-3)。
通过采用上述技术方案，优选润湿剂的具体组分，聚醚改性硅油和月桂酸聚氧乙烯醚与季戊四醇脂肪酸酯、蔗糖聚酯、火炭母提取物等物质相互配合，进一步增强涤纶POY的润滑、柔软性能，同时两者的稳定性较好，进一步增强油剂组合物的耐热性能。
优选的，所述抗静电剂包括纳米二氧化钛、单烷基磷酸酯盐中的至少一种。
通过采用上述技术方案，纳米二氧化钛、单烷基磷酸酯盐均具有较好的耐热性能，也可改善油剂组合物的界面性能，提高涤纶POY的品质；同时和蔗糖聚酯、火炭母提取物等物质配合，赋予油剂组合物较好的抗静电性能。
优选的，所述用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物的原料中还包括重量份数为0.8-2份的热稳定剂，所述热稳定剂包括柠檬酸稀土、硬脂酸锌中的至少一种。
通过采用上述技术方案，柠檬酸稀土、硬脂酸锌中的一种或者两种作为稳定剂后，和火炭母提取物、蔗糖聚酯配合，进一步减少油剂组合物的挥发，增强油剂组合物的耐热性能。
优选的，所述热稳定剂由重量比为1:(1-1.5)的柠檬酸稀土和硬脂酸锌组成。
通过采用上述技术方案，优选柠檬酸稀土和硬脂酸锌组合，形成复合体系，两者具有较好的协同作用，进一步增强油剂组合物的耐热性能；油剂组合物应用于涤纶POY上，当在高温情况下，油剂组合物不易挥发，提高涤纶POY的品质。
优选的，所述用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物的原料中还包括重量份数为1-3份的添加剂，所述添加剂包括滑石粉、纳米炭黑中的至少一种。
通过采用上述技术方案，加入化学性能稳定的滑石粉、纳米炭黑，有效抵抗较高的环境温度，同时部分添加剂在高温的情况下，可渗透到涤纶POY纤维内部，从而增强涤纶POY的韧性，进一步增强涤纶POY的品质。
优选的，所述用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物的原料中还包括重量份数为0.4-0.8份的榆耳提取物。
通过采用上述技术方案，榆耳提取物和火炭母提取物同为提取物，相互协同配合，进一步增强化纤油剂组合物的耐热性能。
第二方面，本申请提供一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物的制备方法，采用如下的技术方案：
一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1:将季戊四醇脂肪酸酯、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、蔗糖聚酯混合，混合均匀后加入二甲基硅油、火炭母提取物混合均匀，得到第一混合物；
S2:将第一混合物与润湿剂、抗静电剂共同混合，混合均匀后得到POY生产用化纤油剂组合物。
通过采用上述技术方案，首先将酯类、聚醚类物质进行混合，使三者均匀分散；后加入二甲基硅油、火炭母提取物、润湿剂、抗静电剂，进一步增强化纤油剂组合物的耐热性和润滑性能；此制备方法简单，方便操作。
优选的，所述步骤S2中，加入热稳定剂、添加剂和榆耳提取物，并一同混合。
通过采用上述技术方案，分步加入热稳定剂、添加剂和榆耳提取物，进一步增强油剂组合物的耐热性能和润滑性能，减少油剂组合物的挥发，增强涤纶POY的品质。
综上所述，本申请具有以下有益方案：
1.在本申请中，采用季戊四醇脂肪酸酯和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚作为主要原料，并加入火炭母提取物和蔗糖聚酯，相互协同配合，增强油剂组合物的耐热性能。优选润湿剂、抗静电剂的具体组分，增强油剂组合物耐热性能的同时，进一步提高油剂组合物对涤纶POY的润滑、柔顺作用，从而进一步提高涤纶POY的品质。
2.本申请中，加入柠檬酸稀土、硬脂酸锌组成的热稳定剂，进一步增强油剂组合物的热稳定性能；加入由滑石粉、纳米炭黑中的至少一种组成的添加剂，提高油剂组合物的耐热性能，同时增强涤纶POY的韧性；加入榆耳提取物，和火炭母提取物相互协同配合，进一步增强油剂组合物的耐热性能。
3.本申请的制备方法，分步加入各种原料，赋予油剂组合物较好的耐热性能，操作简便，方便制备。
具体实施方式
以下对本申请作进一步详细说明。
各实施例中的组分及生产厂家如表1所示。
表1组分及生产厂家
实施例
实施例1:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，所包括的具体组分及重量如表2所示，由以下步骤制得：
S1:将季戊四醇脂肪酸酯、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、蔗糖聚酯混合搅拌，搅拌速度为150r/min，搅拌均匀后加入二甲基硅油、火炭母提取物混合搅拌，搅拌速度为120r/min，搅拌均匀得到第一混合物；
S2:将第一混合物与润湿剂、抗静电剂共同混合搅拌，搅拌速度为150r/min，搅拌均匀后得到POY生产用化纤油剂组合物。
实施例2:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，具体组分及重量不同，所包括的具体组分及重量如表2所示。
实施例3-4:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，润湿剂的具体组分及重量不同，所包括的具体组分及重量如表2所示。
实施例5-6:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，抗静电剂的具体组分及重量不同，所包括的具体组分及重量如表2所示。
实施例7-8:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，在步骤S2中加入热稳定剂，所包括的具体组分及重量如表2所示。
实施例9-10:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例8的区别在于，热稳定剂的具体组分及重量不同，所包括的具体组分及重量如表2所示。
表2实施例1-10的具体组分及重量
实施例11-12:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，在步骤S2中加入添加剂，所包括的具体组分及重量如表3所示。
实施例13-14:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，在步骤S2中加入榆耳提取物，所包括的具体组分及重量如表2所示。
实施例15-16:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，在步骤S2中加入热稳定剂、添加剂和榆耳提取物，所包括的具体组分及重量如表3所示。
实施例17-18:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，在步骤S2中加入热稳定剂、添加剂和榆耳提取物，同时润湿剂和抗静电剂的具体组分及重量不同，所包括的具体组分及重量如表3所示。
表3实施例11-18的具体组分及重量
对比例
对比例1:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，不含有蔗糖聚酯。
对比例2:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，不含有火炭母提取物。
对比例3:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，与实施例1的区别在于，不含有火炭母提取物和蔗糖聚酯。
对比例4:一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，原料的重量为：油醇二乙醇酰胺22kg、十二烷基磺酸钠25kg、硬脂酸(十八烷酸)23kg、丁基溶纤剂6kg、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯18kg；制备方法为：将油醇二乙醇酰胺、十二烷基磺酸钠、硬脂酸(十八烷酸)、丁基溶纤剂、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯混合搅拌，搅拌速度为120r/min，搅拌均匀后即可。所包括的组分如表1所示。
检测方法
实验一：耐热性能实验
实验样品：采用实施例1-18以及对比例1-4，并将由实施例1-18得到的用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物分别命名为实验样品1-18，将由对比例1-4得到的用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物分别命名为对比样品1-4，实验样品1-18以及对比样品1-4均有5个。
实验仪器：烧杯、温度计、加热器。
实验方法：
(1)发烟点检测：取10g的实验样品1于50ml烧杯中，并进行加热，当实验样品1连续冒烟时记录此时的温度；分别对5个实验样品1进行检测，并取5个温度值的平均值作为实验样品1最终的发烟点。
(2)挥发减量检测：取10g的实验样品1于50ml烧杯中，并在170℃下，加热1h，后冷却至25℃，称重得到此时的重量m，并计算挥发减量，计算公式为＝(10-m)/10×100％；分别对5个实验样品1进行检测，并取5个挥发减量的平均值作为实验样品1最终的挥发减量。
实验结果：实验样品1-18和对比样品1-4的耐热性能实验结果如表4所示。
实验二：抗静电性能实验
实验样品：采用实施例1-18以及对比例1-4的油剂应用于涤纶POY上，上油率均为0.3％，后将涤纶POY制成涤纶纤维；并将由实施例1-18得到的涤纶POY分别命名为实验样品1-18，将由对比例1-4得到的涤纶纤维分别命名为对比样品1-4，实验样品1-18以及对比样品1-4均有5个。
实验仪器：YG321型纤维比电阻仪。
实验方法：分别采用纤维比电阻仪测定实验样品1-18和对比样品1-4的比电阻率，例如，首先测定5个实验样品1的比电阻率，并取5个比电阻率的平均值作为实验样品1最终的比电阻率；测定条件为：温度25℃、相对湿度为60％下平衡24h。
实验结果：实验样品1-18以及对比样品1-4的抗静电性能实验结果如表4所示。
实验三：感官评价实验实验样品：采用实施例1-18以及对比例1-4的油剂应用于涤纶POY上，上油率均为0.3％，后将涤纶POY制成涤纶纤维；并将由实施例1-18得到的涤纶纤维分别命名为实验样品1-18，将由对比例1-4得到的涤纶纤维分别命名为对比样品1-4，实验样品1-18以及对比样品1-4均有5个。
实验对象：招募同一地区的25-35岁的健康中国人44名，平均分成22个实验组，且分别对应实验样品1-18和对比样品1-4。
评价方法：实验对象分别触摸实验样品1-18以及对比样品1-4，5min后，对实验样品1-18以及对比样品1-4进行打分；打分标准如下：
柔软度打分：1-10分，柔软度越高分值越高，手感越硬分值越低。
表4实验样品1-18和对比样品1-4的实验结果
根据表4可知，实验样品1-18的发烟点为210-253℃，挥发减量为0.7-2.2％，比电阻率为2.69×10-9Ω·cm-3.43×10-9Ω·cm，柔软度评价为9.0-9.8；对比样品1-4的发烟点为115-181℃，挥发减量为2.8-5.1％，比电阻率为3.68×10-9Ω·cm-4.15×10-9Ω·cm，柔软度评价为8.1-8.9；实验样品1-18相比于对比样品1-6的发烟点高，挥发减量少，同时柔软度较好，说明实验样品1-18的油剂具有较好的耐热性、抗静电性能,赋予制备得到的涤纶纤维较好的柔软度。
对比实验样品1和对比样品1-3可知，加入火炭母提取物和蔗糖聚酯后，可以增强油剂组合物的耐热性能。可能是由于蔗糖聚酯稳定性较高，高温处理后，依旧可以保持较好的特性。火炭母提取物的抗氧化活性较高，两者相互配合后，增强油剂组合物润滑性的同时，赋予油剂较好的耐热性能。
对比实验样品1和实验样品3-4可知，优选润湿剂后，有效润湿涤纶POY，从而将火炭母提取物、蔗糖聚酯等有效成分浸入涤纶POY中，减少油剂组合物在涤纶POY上的挥发，从而提高油剂组合物的耐热性能；对比实验样品1和实验样品5-6可知，优选抗静电剂的具体组分，改善油剂组合物的界面性能，从而进一步提高油剂组合物的耐热性能；对比实验样品1和实验样品7-8可知，加入热稳定剂后，油剂组合物的耐热性能得到提高，柠檬酸稀土、硬脂酸锌后，对涤纶POY进行润滑的同时，提高涤纶POY的稳定性；对比实验样品8和实验样品9-10可知，优选热稳定剂的组分及重量配比，柠檬酸稀土和硬脂酸锌组合，形成复合体系，两者具有较好的协同作用，进一步增强油剂组合物的耐热性能。
对比实验样品1和实验样品11-12可知，加入的添加剂后，油剂组合物的耐热性增强，抗静电性能提高，同时得到的涤纶纤维柔软度提高。可能是由于添加剂中的滑石粉、纳米炭黑，一方面具有较好的耐热性能，一方面具有抗静电性能。另外添加剂中的纳米炭黑在高温下，有效渗透进涤纶POY内部，从而提高涤纶POY的韧性；对比实验样品1和实验样品13-14可知，加入榆耳提取物后，和火炭母提取物相互协同配合，进一步对油剂进行保护，从而有效增强化纤油剂组合物的耐热性能。
对比实验样品1和实验样品15-16可知，加入热稳定剂，添加剂以及榆耳提取物后，油剂组合物的发烟点有大幅度的提高，挥发减量少，说明油剂组合物的热稳定性能增强。
对比实验样品1和实验样品17-18可知，当优选润湿剂和抗静电剂的具体组分，同时加入热稳定剂、添加剂和榆耳提取物后，油剂的耐热性增强，同时抗静电性能以及柔软度也得到了较大幅度的提高。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释，其并不是对本申请的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的原料：
季戊四醇脂肪酸酯55-80份；
烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚10-20份；
蔗糖聚酯2-6份；
二甲基硅油2-8份；
火炭母提取物0.2-0.6份；
润湿剂2-6份；
抗静电剂1-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，其特征在于，所述润湿剂由聚醚改性硅油和月桂酸聚氧乙烯醚组成，聚醚改性硅油和月桂酸聚氧乙烯醚的重量比为1:(1-3)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，其特征在于，所述抗静电剂包括纳米二氧化钛、单烷基磷酸酯盐中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，其特征在于，所述用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物的原料中还包括重量份数为0.8-2份的热稳定剂，所述热稳定剂包括柠檬酸稀土、硬脂酸锌中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，其特征在于，所述热稳定剂由重量比为1:(1-1.5)的柠檬酸稀土和硬脂酸锌组成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，其特征在于，所述用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物的原料中还包括重量份数为1-3份的添加剂，所述添加剂包括滑石粉、纳米炭黑中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物，其特征在于，所述用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物的原料中还包括重量份数为0.4-0.8份的榆耳提取物。
8.权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1:将季戊四醇脂肪酸酯、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、蔗糖聚酯混合，混合均匀后加入二甲基硅油、火炭母提取物混合均匀，得到第一混合物；
S2:将第一混合物与润湿剂、抗静电剂共同混合，混合均匀后得到POY生产用化纤油剂组合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种用于POY生产的化纤油剂组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中，加入热稳定剂、添加剂和榆耳提取物，并一同混合。
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