CN113451787B

CN113451787B - Antenna device

Info

Publication number: CN113451787B
Application number: CN202110724996.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 花尔凯; 李曦; 吴书鑫; 钱哲; 戴旭
Original assignee: China Telecom Corp Ltd
Current assignee: China Telecom Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-29
Filing date: 2021-06-29
Publication date: 2023-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-29
Also published as: CN113451787A

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna device, including: the device comprises a radiation oscillator array unit, an amplitude modulation element and a phase modulation element; the radiating vibrator array unit is configured to be capable of releasing electromagnetic waves toward a preset direction; the amplitude modulation element is arranged on one side of the radiation oscillator array unit, which is far away from the beam reflection element, and is configured to regulate and control the intensity of the received electromagnetic wave sent by the radiation oscillator array unit; the phase modulation element is arranged on one side of the radiation oscillator array unit, which is far away from the beam reflection element, and is configured to modulate an emergence angle of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the radiation oscillator array unit, so that the electromagnetic wave emitted by the radiation oscillator array unit covers a preset area. The antenna device provided by the disclosure can enable electromagnetic waves with different intensities to be respectively emitted to different target areas, so that the coverage of electromagnetic wave signals with different intensities in different set areas is realized.

Description

Antenna device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology, and particularly, to an antenna device.

Background

An antenna device is a device capable of emitting electromagnetic waves for real-time communication. The device is generally installed on the indoor top, the side wall, or on the outdoor iron tower, the outer surface of the building, the street lamp pole and the post pole. At present, a general antenna device mainly comprises several groups of antenna elements and a protective cover, and can emit electromagnetic waves to cover signals to a target area. Due to the wide application of the antenna device in mobile communication, it generally needs to meet the requirements of small size, light weight, easy integration, low power consumption, simple installation, etc.

However, the coverage area of the electromagnetic wave of the conventional antenna device is single and fixed, and the existence and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave in a certain area cannot be actively controlled or adjusted, which inevitably causes the problems of low utilization rate and high power consumption.

It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide an antenna device, which can emit electromagnetic waves with different intensities to different target areas, so as to cover electromagnetic wave signals with different intensities in different setting areas.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna apparatus including:

a radiating vibrator array unit configured to be capable of releasing an electromagnetic wave toward a preset direction;

the amplitude modulation element is arranged on one side, facing the preset direction, of the radiation oscillator array unit and is configured to regulate and control the intensity of the received electromagnetic waves sent by the radiation oscillator array unit;

the phase modulation element is arranged on one side, facing the preset direction, of the radiation oscillator array unit and is configured to modulate an emergence angle of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the radiation oscillator array unit so that the electromagnetic wave emitted by the radiation oscillator array unit covers a preset area.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a beam reflecting element is provided on a side of the radiating element array unit facing away from the preset direction, and the beam reflecting element is configured to reflect electromagnetic waves emitted from the radiating element array unit toward the preset direction.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase modulation element is located on a side of the amplitude modulation element facing away from the radiating element array unit.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the radiating element array unit includes a plurality of antenna elements, each of which is configured to be capable of releasing electromagnetic waves toward the preset direction.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the amplitude modulation element includes a plurality of amplitude modulation units, the plurality of amplitude modulation units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of antenna elements, and each amplitude modulation unit is configured to perform intensity control on the received electromagnetic wave released by the corresponding antenna element.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase modulation element includes a plurality of phase modulation units, the phase modulation units and the amplitude modulation units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and each of the phase modulation units is configured to modulate an exit angle of an electromagnetic wave emitted by each of the antenna elements so that the electromagnetic wave emitted by each of the antenna elements covers a preset region.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the region corresponding to the amplitude modulation unit has the same shape as the region corresponding to the phase modulation unit.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase modulation unit is configured to enable electromagnetic waves emitted by the corresponding antenna elements to cover a plurality of areas.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the radiating element array unit, the amplitude modulation element, and the phase modulation element are disposed in parallel.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the antenna elements may release electromagnetic waves with adjustable intensity.

The antenna device provided by the disclosure comprises a radiation oscillator array unit, an amplitude modulation element and a phase modulation element which are stacked and combined to form the antenna device; a plurality of antenna oscillators of the radiation oscillator array unit can emit electromagnetic waves, most of the electromagnetic waves directly enter the amplitude modulation element towards a preset direction, and the amplitude modulation element carries out intensity regulation and control on the received electromagnetic waves; and finally, the electromagnetic waves with different intensities are respectively emitted to different target areas by carrying out phase direction regulation and control through a phase modulation element, so that the coverage of the electromagnetic wave signals with any intensity in any set area is realized.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely examples of the disclosure and that other drawings may be derived by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort. In the drawings:

fig. 1 and 2 are a physical and structural schematic diagram of an antenna device in the prior art.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams illustrating two ways of actively controlling the presence or absence of local electromagnetic waves in an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 8A and 8B are schematic diagrams of two ways of actively controlling the intensity of the electromagnetic wave in the local area of the antenna device according to another embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a phase modulation element of an antenna apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 10A, 10B, and 10C are schematic diagrams of structural arrangements of a phase modulation element and an amplitude modulation element according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 11A is a schematic diagram of a signal region provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 11B is a schematic structural diagram of a phase modulation element according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 11C is an electromagnetic wave distribution implemented by the electromagnetic wave provided by an embodiment of the disclosure after being modulated by the phase modulation element shown in fig. 11B.

Fig. 12A is a schematic diagram of a signal region provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 12B is a schematic structural diagram of a phase modulation element according to another embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 12C is an electromagnetic wave distribution achieved by modulating an electromagnetic wave provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure with the phase modulation element shown in fig. 12B.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art.

Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the subject matter of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, and so forth. In other instances, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the disclosure. The block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities only and do not necessarily correspond to physically separate entities. I.e. these functional entities may be implemented in the form of software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor means and/or microcontroller means.

Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used herein to describe one element of an icon relative to another, such terms are used herein for convenience only, e.g., with reference to the orientation of the example illustrated in the drawings. It will be understood that if the illustrated device is turned upside down, elements described as "upper" will be those that are "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure.

The terms "a," "an," "the," and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/parts/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.

In the related art, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the electromagnetic wave emitted from the antenna element is directly emitted to the coverage area, and the bottom plate and the protective cover thereof have substantially no modulation effect on the electromagnetic wave. The antenna device 100 cannot actively control the presence or absence and intensity of electromagnetic waves in a certain area, and the coverage area of the electromagnetic waves is also fixed and cannot be adjusted.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna apparatus, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, including: a radiation element array unit 300, an amplitude modulation element 400, and a phase modulation element 500. The radiating vibrator array unit 300 is configured to be able to release electromagnetic waves toward a preset direction; the amplitude modulation element 400 is arranged on one side of the radiation oscillator array unit 300 facing a preset direction, and the amplitude modulation element 400 is configured to regulate and control the intensity (amplitude) of the received electromagnetic waves emitted by each antenna oscillator; the phase modulation element 500 is provided on one side of the radiation element array unit 300 facing a predetermined direction, and the phase modulation element 500 is arranged to modulate an exit angle of an electromagnetic wave emitted from each antenna element so that a shaped beam 600 emitted from each antenna element covers different signal receiving areas 700.

The antenna device provided by the present disclosure, the radiation oscillator array unit 300, the amplitude modulation element 400, and the phase modulation element 500 are stacked and placed, and combined to form the antenna device; the plurality of antenna elements of the radiation element array unit 300 may emit electromagnetic waves, most of the electromagnetic waves directly enter the amplitude modulation element 400 towards the preset direction, and the amplitude modulation element 400 performs intensity control on the received electromagnetic waves; and then the phase modulation element 500 is used for phase direction regulation and control, and finally the electromagnetic waves with different intensities are respectively emitted to different target areas, so that the electromagnetic wave signals with any intensity in any set area are covered. The antenna device can be applied to indoor distribution and can also be applied to outdoor scenes (macro station, drip irrigation, residential area sky surface and the like).

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the antenna device further includes: and a beam reflection element 200, wherein the beam reflection element 200 is provided on a side of the radiation element array unit 300 facing away from the predetermined direction, and the beam reflection element 200 is configured to reflect electromagnetic waves emitted from each antenna element in the predetermined direction. The plurality of antenna elements of the radiating element array unit 300 may emit electromagnetic waves, most of the electromagnetic waves directly enter the amplitude modulation element 400 toward a predetermined direction, and a small portion of the electromagnetic waves are reflected to the amplitude modulation element 400 by the beam reflection element 200.

Specifically, the phase modulation element 500 is located on a side of the amplitude modulation element 400 facing away from the radiation oscillator array unit 300; alternatively, the amplitude modulation element 400 is located on the side of the phase modulation element 500 facing away from the radiation element array unit 300. Preferably, the phase modulation element 500 is located on the side of the amplitude modulation element 400 facing away from the radiation element array unit 300. The phase modulation element 500 and the amplitude modulation element 400 need to be aligned in a matching manner, and the alignment precision is the minimum feature size of the device structure (the minimum feature size is in the same order of magnitude as the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, for example, if the phase modulation element is applied to 5G millimeter waves, the minimum feature size is in the millimeter order); if the phase modulation element is above the amplitude modulation device, the outgoing angle is modulated in advance, and then different outgoing angles are incident on the amplitude modulation element, so that the computation amount, difficulty and complexity of matching and aligning the two devices are increased significantly. Therefore, the phase modulation element is preferably arranged below the amplitude modulation element, and the calculation amount, difficulty and complexity of matching and aligning the two devices are obviously reduced. Next, the antenna device will be described in detail by taking an example in which the phase modulation element 500 is located on the side of the amplitude modulation element 400 away from the beam reflection element 200.

Specifically, the radiating element array unit 300 is a source, and the radiating element array unit 300 includes at least one antenna element. The radiation oscillator array unit 300 realizes active electromagnetic wave release, can freely control the on-off and intensity adjustment of a single antenna oscillator, and can perform intensity adjustment and control on electromagnetic waves once from the initial stage.

The beam reflecting element 200 is located above the radiation vibrator array unit 300, and reflects the electromagnetic wave emitted from the radiation vibrator 310 downward. The beam reflecting element 200 may be any object having a surface structured to reflect electromagnetic waves; the beam reflection element 200 may be a single-layer or multi-layer independent structure in the antenna device, or may be combined with the radiating element array unit 300 to form a composite component. Wherein, the beam reflection element 200 may be made of acrylic/PC board material, the surface of which is coated with a material having a very high reflectivity and not absorbing electromagnetic waves, or the surface of which is designed with a certain structure, so that the electromagnetic waves are reflected toward the amplitude modulation element 400; the surface structure of the radiator needs to be optimally designed relative to the radiation oscillator 310 to obtain a good reflection effect and improve the use efficiency of electromagnetic waves as much as possible.

The amplitude modulation element 400 is located below the radiation vibrator array unit 300, and is disposed in parallel with the radiation vibrator array unit 300, and is used for amplitude modulation, i.e., determining whether to pass an electromagnetic wave through a certain area of the layer structure and controlling the intensity of the passing electromagnetic wave. The amplitude modulation element 400 includes a plurality of amplitude modulation units, the radiating element array unit 300 includes a plurality of antenna elements, the plurality of amplitude modulation units and the plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each amplitude modulation unit is configured to perform intensity control on the received electromagnetic waves released by the corresponding antenna element. The amplitude modulation element 400 includes a driving circuit and a control system, and the control system controls the driving circuit to determine whether or not to pass the electromagnetic wave through a certain block of the layer structure and to control the intensity of the electromagnetic wave passing through the block.

The phase modulation element 500 is located below the amplitude modulation element 400, and is disposed parallel to the radiation oscillator array unit 300 and the amplitude modulation element 400. The phase modulation element 500 can freely modulate the electromagnetic wave by wavefront conversion, that is, can freely modulate the emission angle of the electromagnetic wave so that the electromagnetic wave covers a predetermined region, which may be one or a plurality of regions. The structure of the phase modulating element 500 may be a relief structure of two or more step depths. The phase modulation element 500 may include a plurality of phase modulation units, the phase modulation units and the amplitude modulation units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and each phase modulation unit is configured to modulate an emission angle of the electromagnetic wave emitted by each antenna element so that the electromagnetic wave emitted by each antenna element covers a preset region.

The main functions of the antenna device are: electromagnetic waves with different intensities are respectively emitted to different areas by independently modulating the amplitude and the phase of the electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic wave signal coverage with any intensity in any set area is realized. The radiation oscillator array unit 300 releases electromagnetic waves, most of which are directly emitted to the amplitude modulation element 400, and the rest of which are reflected to the amplitude modulation element 400 through the beam reflection element 200; the amplitude modulation element 400 performs local amplitude modulation on the passing electromagnetic wave, that is, determines whether or not to pass the electromagnetic wave through a certain block region of the layer structure and controls the intensity of the electromagnetic wave passing through the certain block region of the structure. The amplitude-modulated electromagnetic wave is emitted to the phase modulation element 500, and the emission angle of the electromagnetic wave is changed by the wavefront conversion function of the phase modulation element 500. Finally, the electromagnetic waves with different intensities are respectively emitted to different target areas, and the electromagnetic wave signal coverage with any intensity in any set area is realized.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 7A and 7B, the description is made by an array unit including 6 radiation elements (antenna elements) 310.

As shown in fig. 7A, the radiating element array unit 300 includes 6 radiating elements 310, each of which can be independently controlled to be switched. When only some set areas need signals, for example, set areas a and C need signals, when the switches of the

radiation oscillators

1 and 6 can be turned on, the

radiation oscillators

2, 3, 4, and 5 are in the off state, at this time, the electromagnetic waves emitted by the

radiation oscillators

1 and 6 alone pass through the amplitude modulation element 400 and the phase modulation element 500, so that signals can be obtained in the set areas a and C, and no electromagnetic wave radiation is generated in other places where signals are not needed.

Fig. 7B shows another method for actively controlling the presence or absence of electromagnetic waves in a local area, in which the amplitude modulation element 400 is divided into 6 areas a, B, c, d, e, and f, the phase modulation element 500 is correspondingly divided into 6 areas A, B, C, D, E, F, and each area of the amplitude modulation element 400 includes one amplitude modulation unit. The 6 radiation oscillators 310 are normally turned on, and when electromagnetic waves pass through the amplitude modulation element 400, the electromagnetic waves are modulated by the amplitude modulation means in different regions, so that necessary portions pass through the electromagnetic waves, and unnecessary electromagnetic waves are shielded. For example, when the electromagnetic waves in the regions a and f are passed through and the electromagnetic waves in the regions b, C, d, and e are cut off, the electromagnetic waves passed through the regions a and f are phase-modulated by the phase modulation element 500, so that the set regions a and C can be covered, and other places where signals are not required cannot receive electromagnetic radiation. The two methods for actively controlling the existence of the electromagnetic waves can save energy consumption and improve the utilization rate of the electromagnetic waves under the condition of setting the signal coverage of the area.

The two active electromagnetic wave control methods shown in fig. 7A and 7B can be applied simultaneously. One may be the main one and the other the auxiliary one.

The above-described division schemes of the amplitude modulation element 400 and the corresponding phase modulation element 500 are only for illustrative purposes. In fact, the two elements can be divided into regions of any shape according to modulation requirements, such as circular, square, and irregular shapes, and can be dot arrays, linear arrays, and area arrays, and the division patterns can be continuous, discontinuous, and so on, that is, the amplitude modulation element can modulate the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave at will, so that the desired electromagnetic wave passes through, and the undesired electromagnetic wave is shielded.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 8A and 8B, the description is made by an array unit including 6 radiating elements 310.

As shown in fig. 8A, the radiation element array unit 300 includes 6 radiation elements 310, and each radiation element 310 can independently adjust the intensity of the emitted electromagnetic wave. When some set areas need signals with different intensities, for example, a set area a needs a weaker signal and an area C needs a stronger signal, the power of the No. 1 radiation oscillator 310 can be adjusted to emit weaker electromagnetic waves; the power of the No. 6 radiator 310 is adjusted to make it emit stronger electromagnetic wave. At this time, electromagnetic radiation of different intensities respectively emitted by the No. 1 radiation oscillator 310 and the No. 6 radiation oscillator 310 passes through the amplitude modulation element 400 and the phase modulation element 500, respectively, so that weak signal coverage can be obtained in the set area a, and strong signal coverage can be obtained in the area C.

Fig. 8B shows another method for actively controlling the intensity of the electromagnetic wave in the local area. The amplitude modulation element 400 is artificially divided into a, b, c, d, e, and f6 regions, the phase modulation element 500 is correspondingly divided into A, B, C, D, E, F regions, and each region of the amplitude modulation element 400 includes one amplitude modulation unit. The 6 radiating oscillators 310 are normally turned on, and when electromagnetic waves pass through the amplitude modulation element 400, the electromagnetic waves pass through amplitude modulation of the amplitude modulation units in different areas, so that the electromagnetic radiation in certain areas can be weakened, and the electromagnetic radiation in certain areas can be strengthened. For example, the electromagnetic wave in the region a passes through a certain attenuation, while the electromagnetic wave in the region f passes through without loss. Electromagnetic waves of different intensities passing through the regions a and f are subjected to phase modulation by the phase modulation element 500, respectively, so that a weak signal is received in the set region a and a strong signal is received in the set region C.

Both of the above two methods for actively controlling the intensity of the electromagnetic wave shown in fig. 8A and 8B can supply signals with appropriate intensity according to the required service in a set area, and can save energy consumption and improve the utilization rate of the electromagnetic wave while satisfying the service requirement; the two active control modes of the electromagnetic wave intensity can be simultaneously applied. One may be the main one and the other the auxiliary one.

The two ways of actively controlling the intensity of the electromagnetic wave shown in fig. 8A and 8B can be randomly combined with the two ways of actively controlling the presence or absence of the electromagnetic wave and applied simultaneously. That is, the presence or absence and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave can be controlled simultaneously. For example, in fig. 8A, the power of the No. 1 radiation oscillator 310 is adjusted to emit a weak electromagnetic wave; the power of the No. 6 radiation oscillator 310 is adjusted to emit strong electromagnetic waves, and the No. 2, 3, 4 and 5 radiation oscillators 310 are turned off. Referring to fig. 8B, the electromagnetic wave in the region a is attenuated to pass through without loss, and the electromagnetic wave in the region f is blocked by the amplitude modulation regions B, c, d, and e, thereby achieving a local shielding effect.

The division scheme of the amplitude modulation element 400 and the corresponding phase modulation element 500 is only for illustrative purposes. In fact, the two elements can be divided into regions of any shape according to modulation requirements, the regions can be circular, square or special, and can be dot arrays, linear arrays or area arrays, the division patterns can be continuous or discontinuous, and the regions divided by the two elements are preferably the same; the amplitude modulation element 400 can modulate the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave at will, and adjust the local intensity thereof.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 9, a case where 3-area signal coverage is realized by directing electromagnetic waves to a set area a, an area B, and an area C will be described. The radiation oscillator array unit 300 generates an electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave is directly incident on the amplitude modulation element 400 or indirectly incident on the amplitude modulation element 400 through the beam reflection element 200, amplitude-modulated by the amplitude modulation element 400, and then incident on the phase modulation element 500. The phase modulation element 500 has a structure obtained by an algorithm, and can perform wavefront conversion on an electromagnetic wave to be incident on the region a, the region B, and the region C, thereby realizing signal coverage of the three regions.

The phase modulation element 500 is designed based on the diffraction theory, and can freely modulate the electromagnetic wave by means of wavefront conversion, that is, the emergence angle of the electromagnetic wave can be freely modulated, so that the electromagnetic wave covers any set region, and the number of the regions may be one or more.

The phase modulation element 500 is designed based on the electromagnetic wave diffraction theory, and the whole function of the wavefront modulation is not affected by the deletion, pollution and damage of any part, and the electromagnetic wave can still be directed to the set area. The phase modulation element 500 is designed based on the electromagnetic wave diffraction theory, and is applicable to all frequency bands; the method can be applied to the current 5G frequency band and the higher frequency band. The phase modulation element 500 can realize large-scale batch production by means of imprinting and turning, the consistency of products is easy to guarantee, the manufacturing process is mature, the industrial large-scale production is facilitated, and the price is controllable.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 10A, 10B, and 10C, the phase modulation element 500 and the amplitude modulation element 400 have at least two arrangements. The first is the pervasive distribution shown in fig. 9, where the entire element is full of the desired structure. The amplitude modulation element 400 and the phase modulation element 500 each modulate the electromagnetic wave as a whole. The second is a pixel-type arrangement, as shown in fig. 10A, 10B, and 10C, each pixel-type structure corresponds to one radiation oscillator 310, and this embodiment is described by including 6 radiation oscillator array units 300.

As shown in fig. 10A, the electromagnetic wave emitted from the radiation oscillator 1 is amplitude-modulated by the pixilated amplitude modulation means a only, and is phase-modulated by the pixilated phase modulation means a, and finally the electromagnetic wave is directed to the region B. Similarly, the other radiation transducers No. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 direct electromagnetic waves to the area a, the area B, the area C, and the area C by the corresponding pixelated amplitude modulation units B, C, d, e, and f and the corresponding pixelated phase modulation unit B, C, D, E, F, respectively.

As shown in fig. 10B, the

radiation transducers

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are amplitude-modulated by the corresponding pixelated amplitude modulation means a, B, C, d, e, f, and phase-modulated by the pixelated phase modulation means A, B, C, D, E, F, and the electromagnetic wave passing through the phase modulation means B is directed to 3 different positions of the area a, the area B, and the area C at the same time, taking the pixelated phase modulation means B, D as an example; the electromagnetic wave passing through the phase modulation means D is also directed to 3 different positions in the region a, the region B, and the region C at the same time.

As shown in fig. 10C, the electromagnetic wave can be directed to different spatial positions after being modulated by the pixelated phase modulation unit. The electromagnetic waves modulated by the phase modulation unit B point to A, D two areas; the electromagnetic waves are modulated by a phase modulation unit A, C, D and then are directed to the same area B; the electromagnetic waves modulated by the phase modulation section E, F are directed to the region C and the region E, respectively.

Each pixel structure comprises a pixilated amplitude modulation unit and a pixilated phase modulation unit which are only used for modulating the amplitude and the phase of the electromagnetic wave released by the corresponding radiation oscillator. The electromagnetic waves modulated by different pixel structures are not related to each other, and can point to different regions, also point to the same region, and also can overlap in partial regions; the same unit can direct the electromagnetic wave to a single area or a plurality of areas, and can realize the free coverage of signals with different intensities at different positions in space according to the requirements of traffic, performance and the like.

The shapes of the areas corresponding to the amplitude modulation units and the areas corresponding to the phase modulation units are the same, and the numbers of the antenna oscillators, the amplitude modulation units and the phase modulation units are the same. The single pixel unit (amplitude modulation unit) of the amplitude modulation element and the single radiation oscillator 310 of the radiation oscillator array unit 300 are aligned in a corresponding manner, and the pixel unit (phase modulation unit pair) of the phase modulation element 500 and the single pixel unit of the amplitude modulation element 400 are also aligned in a corresponding manner, and the three are simultaneously maintained in alignment. Of course, the number of antenna elements, amplitude modulation means and phase modulation means may be different. For example, a row/column of radiating elements (including a plurality of radiating elements) is modulated by an amplitude modulation unit, i.e. one amplitude modulation unit matches a plurality of radiating elements.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 11A, a desired signal area is designed to be 9 areas of a 3 × 3 array for illustration; fig. 11B is a schematic structural view of the lower phase modulation element 500 according to this embodiment; fig. 11C shows the electromagnetic wave distribution achieved by modulating the electromagnetic wave by the phase modulation element 500. It can be seen that the signal is mainly concentrated in the area of the pre-defined 3*3 array, and that the area is interspersed with weaker signals. The above scenario is applicable to, but not limited to, office scenarios, for example, a strong signal is required at 9 stations in one office, and only weak signal coverage is required in other common areas such as corridors and passageways.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 12A, the desired signal area is designed as two rectangular areas with discontinuous large and small areas for illustration; fig. 12B is a schematic structural view of the lower phase modulation element 500 according to this embodiment; fig. 12C shows the electromagnetic wave distribution achieved by modulating the electromagnetic wave by the phase modulation element 500. It can be seen that the signal is mainly concentrated in a preset rectangular area with one large area and one small area, and the area is dispersed with weaker signals. The above scenario applies to, but is not limited to, a home scenario, for example, where a strong signal is needed at a desk and on a bed in one room, while only weak signal coverage is needed in other areas.

Here, the structure of the phase modulation element 500 may be obtained by an algorithm according to a set signal coverage area. The phase modulation element 500 can be manufactured by large-scale batch production in an embossing and turning mode, the consistency of products is easy to guarantee, the manufacturing process is mature, industrial large-scale production is facilitated, and the price is controllable. The phase modulation element 500 is designed based on the electromagnetic wave diffraction theory, and the whole function of wavefront modulation is not affected by the deletion, pollution and damage of any part, and the electromagnetic wave can still be directed to the set area.

Wherein, the structure of the phase modulation elements 500 distributed throughout can be obtained by an algorithm according to a set signal coverage area; the partial cell structure of the phase modulation element 500 in the pixel arrangement can also be obtained in this way. The structure of each pixel unit can be calculated separately according to the area to be covered by the respective signal.

The phase modulation element 500 is located in front of or behind the amplitude modulation element 400, or a phase modulation structure is directly formed on one surface of the amplitude modulation element 400 to form an integrated control device.

According to the antenna device provided by the disclosure, the beam is actively regulated and controlled by combining the radiation oscillator array unit with the amplitude modulation element and the phase modulation element, and the electromagnetic beam can be directed to any position set in space; the electromagnetic wave coverage area can be designed at will according to the requirement, and the number of the coverage areas can be set at will according to the requirement; the beam regulation is carried out based on the electromagnetic wave diffraction theory, and the beam regulation has high degree of freedom, large range and precision and adjustability; the energy consumption is saved, the utilization rate is high, the electromagnetic wave intensity is locally adjustable, the radiation intensity of certain areas can be improved or reduced as required, the utilization rate is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; the antenna device is designed in a modular manner. Each module realizes single electromagnetic wave characteristics (electromagnetic wave energy (amplitude), electromagnetic wave emission angle (phase) and the like), all parameters are decoupled, the design is simple and convenient, and the electromagnetic wave parameters are adjustable and easy to adjust; the volume is frivolous, compact structure, and each part components and parts all can realize big breadth batch production with the mode of impression, turning, and the product uniformity is easy to guarantee, and manufacturing process is ripe, does benefit to industry large-scale production, and the price is controllable. The method has the remarkable technical advantages of easiness in realization, low cost, compact structure and the like, is easy to realize industrialization, can bring revolutionary change to the whole industry, and has extremely high economic value and social value.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna device, comprising:

a radiating element array unit including a plurality of antenna elements, each of the antenna elements being configured to be capable of releasing an electromagnetic wave toward a preset direction;

the amplitude modulation element is arranged on one side, facing the preset direction, of the radiation oscillator array unit and comprises a plurality of amplitude modulation units, the amplitude modulation units and the antenna oscillators are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each amplitude modulation unit is configured to conduct intensity regulation and control on received electromagnetic waves released by the corresponding antenna oscillator;

the phase modulation element is arranged on one side, facing the preset direction, of the radiation oscillator array unit and is positioned on one side, facing away from the radiation oscillator array unit, of the amplitude modulation element, the phase modulation element comprises a plurality of phase modulation units, the phase modulation units and the amplitude modulation units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each phase modulation unit is configured to modulate an emergence angle of the electromagnetic wave emitted by each antenna oscillator so that the electromagnetic wave emitted by each antenna oscillator covers a preset area; the area corresponding to the amplitude modulation means has the same shape as the area corresponding to the phase modulation means.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising:

and the beam reflection element is arranged on one side of the radiation oscillator array unit, which is deviated from the preset direction, and is configured to reflect the electromagnetic waves emitted from the radiation oscillator array unit to the preset direction.

3. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the phase modulation means is configured to be able to cover a plurality of regions with the electromagnetic wave emitted from the corresponding antenna element.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the radiating element array unit, the amplitude modulation element, and the phase modulation element are arranged in parallel.

5. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the intensity of electromagnetic waves radiated from each of the antenna elements is adjustable.