CN113445187A - 3A-level natural antibacterial anti-mite kapok fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
3A-level natural antibacterial anti-mite kapok fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113445187A CN113445187A CN202110752370.0A CN202110752370A CN113445187A CN 113445187 A CN113445187 A CN 113445187A CN 202110752370 A CN202110752370 A CN 202110752370A CN 113445187 A CN113445187 A CN 113445187A
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- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
- D03D15/217—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based natural from plants, e.g. cotton
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- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
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- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric and a preparation method thereof. The ceiba fabric comprises the following fiber raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-90% of main fiber, 10-40% of kapok fiber and 0-10% of elastic fiber, wherein the total amount of the main fiber, the kapok fiber and the elastic fiber is 100%. The main fiber is selected from cotton fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, terylene, nylon, hemp, wool, cashmere, and silk. The preparation method of the kapok fabric comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating the natural kapok fiber by using a kapok pretreatment auxiliary agent; (2) the kapok fiber is mixed with the main body fiber and the elastic fiber for opening, and then cotton carding, drawing and spinning are carried out to obtain kapok blended yarn; (3) weaving the kapok blended yarns into grey cloth of single jersey or jacquard weave fabric; (4) the grey cloth is subjected to desizing, scouring and bleaching pretreatment, and then is subjected to direct or reactive dye dyeing, soaping, sizing and softening after-treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fabric, in particular to a 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of textile and clothing.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous progress of textile materials and technologies at home and abroad, the demand of consumers for close-fitting wearing clothes such as thermal underwear, autumn trousers and the like is also developing towards comfort and health. Various materials and functional underwear are developed, such as far infrared heating, moisture absorption heating, aloe moisture retention, silver ion antibiosis and the like. Among them, silver ions or other cationic antibacterial agents are particularly used, and health and safety are also gaining increasing attention from consumers because they use artificially synthesized chemical components to realize functionality.
The thermal underwear is the most intimate clothing in contact with human skin in daily life, and is known as the second layer of skin of human body, so that the light weight, comfort, functionality and health safety of the thermal underwear become more important, and the thermal underwear also becomes the key point of attention of people.
The fabrics of the thermal clothes on the market at present mainly have three types:
the first category is traditional knitted fabrics which are made of all cotton or blended with other fibers, the comfort is better, but the hollowness of cotton fibers is not high, the amount of still air locked among and in the fibers is less, and the heat retention is general.
The second category is that synthetic fibers (such as hollow porous terylene, modified fine denier acrylic fibers, far infrared heating fibers and the like) are processed into common knitted fabric structures or air layer structures with double-sided textures, and the knitted fabrics have comfortable hand feeling and good heat retention after being sanded, but have the defects of easy pilling, static electrification and low air permeability in the wearing process.
The third category is the composite fabric which is formed by sandwiching silk flocculus between an upper layer of knitted fabric and a lower layer of knitted fabric, and the heat preservation is realized by utilizing the static air inside the fibers or between the fibers, but the fabric has to be made very thick and heavy, so that the wearing comfort and the attractiveness are influenced.
Kapok (Kapok) is a fruit fiber of woody plants (also called Panzhihua trees and English male trees), and is a natural, green, low-carbon and environment-friendly plant fiber. Kapok fiber, bamboo fiber, silk and hemp are listed in the organic product certification catalog issued by the national certification, approval, supervision and administration committee. The skin feeling of the kapok fiber is similar to that of cashmere and is known as 'plant fiber soft gold' and 'tree cashmere'. The kapok fiber hollow rate can reach 80 percent, and the super cotton fiber (about 23 percent) and other artificial hollow fibers (about 30 percent) are one of the lightest ecological fibers with the highest hollowness in the currently known natural fibers. In addition, modern scientific research shows that the kapok contains triterpenes, flavonoids and other natural compounds, has excellent antibacterial, mite-proof and mothproof effects, and is a real 'natural ecological functional fiber'.
And on the 1 st 8 th 2006, the standard FZ/T73023 and 2006 antibacterial knitwear is formally exported. In the standard, the antibacterial knitwear is divided into three antibacterial grades, namely A grade, AA grade and AAA grade according to the washing-resistant times and different evaluation strains. Of these, class a washes were 10 times, testing only staphylococcus aureus to meet export requirements. The AA grade washing requirement is 20 times, and the tested strains are provided with escherichia coli and candida albicans besides staphylococcus aureus. AAA grade washing requirement is 50 times, and test strain is equivalent to AA grade. AAA level, 3A level.
By utilizing the characteristics of the kapok fiber such as light weight, high hollowness, high moisture permeability, natural antibiosis, mite prevention and the like, when the kapok fiber is applied to the thermal insulation underwear, a series of problems of overstaffed fabric, low thermal insulation rate, air impermeability, poor safety of chemically synthesized antibacterial aids and the like of the traditional thermal insulation underwear can be solved, and the requirements of part of people who pursue healthy and comfortable lives can be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows:
(1) most of the existing antibacterial and anti-mite technologies of the thermal underwear are realized by adopting artificially synthesized chemical antibacterial and anti-mite auxiliary agents and finishing the fabric, and the safety of the thermal underwear is to be verified for a long time compared with natural antibacterial substances;
(2) the existing thermal underwear has the defects of strong chemical fiber feeling, heavy and bloated size, easy static generation, sticky wearing, poor air permeability, low thermal insulation rate and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the first aspect of the invention provides a 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric, and the components and mass percentages of the fiber raw materials forming the ceiba fabric are as follows:
50-90% of main body fiber;
10-40% of kapok fiber;
0-10% of elastic fiber;
the total of the three is 100 percent;
the main fiber is selected from one or more of cotton fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, terylene, nylon, hemp, wool, cashmere and silk.
In some embodiments, the body fiber is cotton and the elastic fiber is spandex.
In some embodiments, the kapok fiber is 5-30mm in length and 75-80% hollowness.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, pretreating natural kapok fibers by using a kapok pretreatment auxiliary agent to improve the spinning performance of the natural kapok fibers;
step two, mixing and opening the kapok fiber pretreated in the step one with the main body fiber and the elastic fiber, and then carding, drawing and spinning to obtain kapok blended yarn; the main fiber is selected from one or more of cotton fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, terylene, nylon, hemp, wool, cashmere and silk;
step three, weaving the kapok blended yarns into grey cloth of the single jersey or the jacquard weave fabric by using a circular knitting machine and a single-sided or double-sided jacquard;
and step four, performing desizing, scouring and bleaching pretreatment on the grey cloth, then performing direct or reactive dye dyeing, soaping, sizing and softening, and finishing to finally obtain a finished product of the kapok fabric.
In some embodiments, the KAPOK pretreatment agent in the first step is an auxiliary agent of SP-KAPOK21AW model provided by the company Surveillance technologies (Shanghai).
In some embodiments, the kapok blended yarn in step two is a 7-60s air-spun, ring-spun or siro-spun yarn.
In some embodiments, the blank fabric is manufactured in step three by using a double-faced jacquard air layer or a jacquard middle layer wire-sandwiching process.
In some embodiments, the pretreatment before bleaching in the fourth step is a hydrogen peroxide low-temperature activation bleaching process.
In some embodiments, dyeing is performed in step four using an overflow or flat vat dyeing machine.
In some embodiments, the finishing in step four is performed by a positive overfeed hydrophilic setting and loose loop drying process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the natural antibacterial and anti-mite characteristics of the kapok fiber are utilized to replace a synthetic chemical antibacterial auxiliary agent, so that the antibacterial performance is realized, and the kapok fiber is more durable and safer.
(2) The kapok fiber is light and high in hollowness, and the spinning, weaving and dyeing and finishing technologies are combined to realize the fabric which is light, fine in touch, not easy to generate static electricity, capable of absorbing moisture and releasing sweat, heat-insulating and breathable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of a cross-section of a kapok fiber used in the present invention at a lower magnification.
FIG. 2 is an electron micrograph of a cross-section of a kapok fiber used in the present invention at higher magnification.
Fig. 3 is a schematic fabric weave diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic fabric weave diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The reference numbers of the above figures are as follows:
10132 s cotton/kapok veil
102 nylon pre-oriented yarn intermediate layer
10332 s Cotton/kapok ground yarn
20140 s cotton/kapok veil
202 intermediate air layer
20340 s cotton/kapok ground yarn
Detailed Description
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," and the like do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The terms "a" or "an," and the like, do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. In the description of this patent, unless otherwise indicated, "a plurality" means two or more. The word "comprising" or "having", and the like, means that the element or item appearing before "comprises" or "having" covers the element or item listed after "comprising" or "having" and its equivalent, but does not exclude other elements or items.
In the description of this patent, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "back", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships that are based on the orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings, are used for convenience in describing the patent and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the patent.
Different embodiments of the invention may be replaced or combined in combination, and the invention is thus to be construed as encompassing all possible combinations of the same and/or different embodiments described. Thus, if one embodiment includes feature A, B, C and another embodiment includes feature B, D, then the invention should also be construed as including embodiments that include one or more of all other possible combinations of A, B, C, D, even though such embodiments may not be explicitly recited in the following text.
The novel kapok fabric with the properties of light weight and high hollowness of the kapok fiber is developed by combining spinning, weaving and dyeing and finishing technologies, has the advantages of light weight, fine touch, difficulty in generating static electricity, moisture absorption and sweat release, warm keeping and ventilation, natural antibiosis and mite prevention and the like, and is suitable for being used as a warm underwear fabric.
The ceiba fabric comprises the following fiber raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-90% of main body fiber; 10-40% of kapok fiber; 0-10% of elastic fiber; the total of the three is 100 percent. The main fiber is selected from one or more of cotton fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, terylene, nylon, hemp, wool, cashmere and silk. Kapok fiber is natural fiber with length of 5-30mm and hollowness of 75-80%, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2. Each kapok fiber was hollow tubular observed under a microscope, and its light texture was derived from this tubular structure. Preferably, the main fiber is cotton fiber, and the elastic fiber is spandex.
The preparation method of the 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreating the natural kapok fiber by using a kapok pretreatment auxiliary agent to improve the spinning performance of the natural kapok fiber. Because the kapok fiber is short, light in weight, easy to float, strong in fiber rigidity and poor in cohesion, pretreatment is required before spinning.
Preferably, the KAPOK pretreatment agent adopts SP-KAPOK21AW type auxiliary agent provided by pixel surge technology (Shanghai) limited.
And step two, mixing and opening the kapok fiber pretreated in the step one with the main body fiber and the elastic fiber, and then carding, drawing and spinning to obtain the kapok blended yarn. The kapok blended yarn is 7-60s of air spinning, ring spinning or siro spinning yarn.
And step three, weaving the kapok blended yarns into grey cloth of the single jersey or the jacquard weave fabric by using a circular knitting machine and a single-sided or double-sided jacquard.
Preferably, the grey fabric is manufactured by adopting a double-faced jacquard air layer or a jacquard middle layer silk-sandwiching process.
And step four, performing desizing, scouring and bleaching pretreatment on the grey cloth, then performing direct or reactive dye dyeing, soaping, sizing and softening, and finishing to finally obtain a finished product of the kapok fabric.
Preferably, the bleaching pretreatment adopts a hydrogen peroxide low-temperature activation bleaching process, so that the damage of high temperature to the antibacterial active ingredients on the kapok fiber is reduced as much as possible. And dyeing by using an overflow or flat-cylinder dyeing machine. The method adopts positive overfeeding hydrophilic shaping and loose ring drying technology for post-finishing, fully recovers the kapok hollow fiber extruded in the spinning and weaving process through the action of mechanical force, improves the hollowness and bulkiness of the yarn fiber, and exposes the kapok short fiber to the outer end of the yarn to form fine hair with fine touch.
The ceiba fabric prepared by the method has no artificially synthesized chemical antibacterial components, has natural wash-resistant antibacterial anti-mite performance, is light in texture, fine in touch, warm-keeping and breathable, and is very suitable for being used as a warm-keeping underwear fabric.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by combining the drawings and the embodiment:
example 1
The production process of the kapok fabric comprises the following steps:
pretreating kapok fiber, mixing with cotton fiber, opening, carding, drawing and spinning to obtain 32s cotton/kapok ring spinning yarn. In the 32s cotton/kapok ring spinning, the fiber raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of cotton fiber and 30% of kapok fiber.
The prepared 32s cotton/kapok ring spun yarn is used as upper and lower layer face yarn on a knitting jacquard machine, a nylon pre-oriented shrink yarn bundle is padded in the middle, and the warm-keeping underwear grey fabric with the yarn sandwiched in the middle is obtained, as shown in figure 3. The upper and lower layers are 32s cotton/kapok veil 101 and 32s cotton/kapok veil 103, respectively, with a nylon pre-oriented yarn intermediate layer 102 between them.
The dyeing and finishing process route of the grey fabric comprises the following steps: desizing and refining pretreatment, low-temperature activation bleaching, reactive dyeing, soaping, drying, front sanding, positive overfeeding hydrophilic setting and loose circular drying.
Example 2
The production process of the kapok fabric comprises the following steps:
pretreating kapok fiber, mixing with cotton fiber, opening, carding, drawing and spinning to obtain 40s cotton/kapok ring spinning yarn. In the 40s cotton/kapok ring spinning, the fiber raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 80% of cotton fiber and 20% of kapok fiber.
The prepared 40s cotton/kapok ring spun yarn is used as upper and lower layer face yarn on a double-face jacquard, and 3% spandex elastic fiber is fed simultaneously to obtain the blank cloth of the thermal underwear with the AB face special texture middle air layer, as shown in figure 4. The upper and lower layers are 40s cotton/kapok veil 201 and 40s cotton/kapok veil 203, respectively, with an intermediate air layer 202 between them.
The fiber components and mass percentage content in the grey cloth are calculated to be about: 77.67% of cotton fiber, 19.42% of kapok fiber and 2.91% of spandex fiber.
The dyeing and finishing process route of the grey fabric comprises the following steps: desizing and refining pretreatment, low-temperature activation bleaching, reactive dyeing, soaping, drying, front and back surface sanding, positive overfeeding hydrophilic setting and loose circular drying.
The main performance test results of the kapok fabrics obtained in the two examples are shown in the following table 1.
Table 1 fabric performance test results
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric is characterized in that the ceiba fabric comprises the following fiber raw materials in percentage by mass:
50-90% of main body fiber;
10-40% of kapok fiber;
0-10% of elastic fiber;
the total of the three is 100 percent;
the main fiber is selected from one or more of cotton fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, terylene, nylon, hemp, wool, cashmere and silk.
2. The 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric according to claim 1, wherein the main fiber is cotton fiber, and the elastic fiber is spandex.
3. The 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the ceiba fiber is 5-30mm, and the hollowness is 75-80%.
4. The preparation method of the 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, pretreating natural kapok fibers by using a kapok pretreatment auxiliary agent to improve the spinning performance of the natural kapok fibers;
step two, mixing and opening the kapok fiber pretreated in the step one with the main body fiber and the elastic fiber, and then carding, drawing and spinning to obtain kapok blended yarn;
step three, weaving the kapok blended yarns into grey cloth of single jersey or jacquard weave fabric by using a circular knitting machine and a single-sided or double-sided jacquard weave machine;
and step four, performing desizing, scouring and bleaching pretreatment on the grey cloth, then performing direct or reactive dye dyeing, soaping, sizing and softening, and finishing to finally obtain a finished product of the kapok fabric.
5. The method for preparing 3A-grade natural antibacterial and anti-mite KAPOK fabric according to claim 4, wherein in the first step, the KAPOK pretreatment agent is an auxiliary agent of SP-KAPOK21AW type provided by the Subx technologies and technologies (Shanghai).
6. The preparation method of the 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric according to claim 4, wherein the ceiba blended yarn in the second step is 7-60s air-jet spinning, ring spinning or siro spinning yarn.
7. The preparation method of the 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that the grey fabric is manufactured by adopting a double-faced jacquard air layer or jacquard middle layer silk-sandwiching process in the third step.
8. The preparation method of the 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric according to claim 4, wherein the bleaching pretreatment in step four is a hydrogen peroxide low-temperature activation bleaching process.
9. The preparation method of the 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric according to claim 4, wherein in the fourth step, dyeing is performed by using an overflow or flat-cylinder dyeing machine.
10. The preparation method of the 3A-level natural antibacterial and anti-mite ceiba fabric according to claim 4, wherein in the fourth step, positive overfeeding hydrophilic setting and loose loop drying processes are adopted for post-finishing.
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