CN113389272A - Modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry and structure building method - Google Patents
Modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry and structure building method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113389272A CN113389272A CN202110828535.8A CN202110828535A CN113389272A CN 113389272 A CN113389272 A CN 113389272A CN 202110828535 A CN202110828535 A CN 202110828535A CN 113389272 A CN113389272 A CN 113389272A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
- E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry and a structure building method. The construction method comprises the following steps: (1) designing a modular space connection masonry module combination scheme through digital modeling; (2) obtaining a collocation and assembly scheme of a combination of a plurality of modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry modules according to a combination design scheme of a target construction space structure; (3) and connecting the internal embedded parts of the modularized prefabricated combined type space connection brickwork modules according to the design combination and installation sequence to form an integral structure. The invention has flexible structure and construction mode assembly, high construction efficiency, lower cost and high structural strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials and building construction, and particularly relates to a prefabricated combined space connection masonry and a structure construction method.
Background
In a frame type building structure, a building is supported by using a reinforced concrete frame as a beam and a column, and the beam and the column are cast in situ by adopting a mold. The method comprises the steps of performing on-site pouring during building construction, requiring a large amount of building materials to be transported to a construction site, tying a reinforcement cage before pouring, then building a template, and pouring the stirring concrete into the template after the template and the reinforcement cage are installed and fixed. The method not only needs a large number of templates and supports, but also needs maintenance for a certain time when a layer is poured to wait for the concrete strength to be stable, and then the construction can be continued. Conditions such as weather, temperature, humidity and the like are required to meet requirements during concrete solidification, so that professional personnel and equipment investment are required for maintenance during solidification. Meanwhile, the waste of the building materials for in-situ casting is large, the expansion is easy to generate, the using amount of concrete is increased, the subsequent repairing workload and the additional construction time are increased, and the factors can cause the construction cost to be improved, the construction quality and the construction period to be difficult to control.
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of living standard of people, people continuously demand the construction speed, the construction cost, the construction quality, the energy conservation, the environmental protection and the like of the building industry such as houses and the like. In order to save resources, reduce construction pollution, improve labor production efficiency and quality safety level, develop green buildings and advanced construction modes, the state advocates a modern fabricated building system from 2016 vigorously. The development of the assembly type building is a great change of the construction mode, is an important measure for promoting the structural reform of the supply side and the novel urbanization development, is favorable for saving resource and energy, reducing construction pollution, improving labor production efficiency and quality safety level, and is favorable for promoting the deep integration of the building industry and the information industrialization, cultivating new kinetic energy of new industry and promoting the excess capacity of chemical solution. "(the '2016' 71 in the office), adopts an assembly type structure, can realize standardized design, factory production, even product production, assembly construction, integrated decoration, informatization management and intelligent application, effectively improves the construction efficiency, reduces the cost, saves the energy and resources, reduces the construction waste and the adverse effect on the environment, and the like, improves the technical level and the engineering quality, and promotes the transformation and the upgrade of the construction industry.
Building industrialization is the development direction of future building industry, and assembly type buildings are the hot spot of research and development practice of institutions of various departments and colleges of medicine and building enterprises in recent years, various prefabricated component forms and types are abundant, and novel, high-quality and different-performance prefabricated component products are developed rapidly and widely applied, but because the foundation of China in the assembly type building field is weak and late, a lot of defects exist in the field, for example, 1, factory production of prefabricated components is not production, so that the component production is actually changed into customized production rather than batch production, the component production cost is increased, and the flexibility is reduced. The customized production also makes the molds for producing the components expensive. Because the method belongs to customized production, the component processing production of a factory needs to be carried out along with project schedule rather than production capacity of the factory, wave crest and wave trough changes of the production capacity are easily generated, the production efficiency of the factory is actually reduced, and the production cost is actually increased; 2. the large size of the prefabricated components generally increases the cost and difficulty of the components in terms of production, storage, transportation, installation, etc.; 3. the prefabricated beam column has higher requirements on precision in production, higher requirements on construction enterprises in installation, difficulty in effective quality acceptance and the like; 4. the assembly type building has higher requirements on construction management and personnel quality, increases the cost and simultaneously causes the defects of qualified personnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a modularized prefabricated combined type space connecting masonry and a structure, which has the advantages of flexible assembly, high construction efficiency, lower cost and high structural strength, and is characterized in that modularized prefabricated combined type space connecting masonry with different function types is combined and connected into an integral structure, the end heads of tensile materials pre-embedded in the masonry are exposed through grooves arranged on the masonry and are connected and fixed in the groove space, so that the construction of multidirectional and various space structures is realized, the construction flexibility and the construction efficiency of the existing space structures are improved, a full-size system formed by the modularized masonry combination can adapt to various size requirements of various buildings, various problems in the construction and construction of the current building framework are effectively improved, the use of mortar is avoided, the construction site operation and the construction waste are reduced, and the construction and construction are convenient, the industrial production greatly reduces the cost while improving the product quality of the modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry, thereby providing a construction mode with convenient construction, reliable strength and low cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a prefabricated combination formula spatial connection brickwork, a serial communication port, the spatial connection brickwork is the cuboid structure, there is prefabricated tensile material who buries in the spatial connection brickwork, be equipped with a plurality of recesses that are used for connecting the combination formula spatial connection brickwork on the spatial connection brickwork.
The prefabricated combined space connecting masonry can be embedded with one or more tensile materials in a symmetrical or asymmetrical mode when being prefabricated. The arrangement of the tensile materials in the space connection masonry can adopt, but is not limited to, a pre-embedded arrangement mode parallel to the masonry center line, the edge line and the diagonal line so as to adapt to the construction of unidirectional beams/columns/walls, bidirectional plates/frame bodies, multidirectional space structures and all-directional space node bodies.
The pre-buried tensile material in the prefabricated combined type space connection building body can be ribs/wires/ropes made of various tensile materials.
The width of the groove formed in the prefabricated combined type space connection masonry body is larger than the diameter of a rib/wire/rope material which is prefabricated and embedded in the masonry body, so that the end of the rib/wire/rope material is completely exposed in the groove, and a connecting and fixing operation space of the rib/wire/rope material is provided.
The invention also provides a construction method for the structure of the prefabricated combined type space connection masonry, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of designing a modularized prefabricated combined type space connection masonry combination scheme through digital modeling: according to the structure function, the space structure combination design is carried out by using the load working condition and the connection process, and the type, the size, the groove arrangement, the number of various types of modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry modules and the type and the specification of internal tensile materials are determined according to the structure space size, the mechanical property of the masonry prefabricated material, the assembly site construction condition, the prefabricated part transportation condition and the prefabrication process precision;
(2) according to a combination design scheme of a modular prefabricated combined type space masonry with a space structure, the number of modules, the types of the modules and the assembly sequence of the modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry combinations and the arrangement shape of the modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry combinations are obtained, and binding and bundling can be performed among masonry modules as required;
(3) connecting and binding the embedded reinforcement/wire/rope end exposed parts inside each modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry body determined in the step (1) according to a design combination installation sequence by adopting connection modes including but not limited to welding, mechanical connection, binding, bonding and the like according to a space structure combination scheme, and tensioning, connecting and fixing the embedded tensile material by using a prestress or post-tensioning prestress technology according to the space structure strength requirement to form an integral structure.
In the step (1), the prefabricated material is selected from one or a combination of at least two of cement-based materials, inorganic high molecular materials, composite materials or metal materials. The strength and deformability of the formed materials used by the prefabricated member meet the requirements of the existing building regulations, and the internally embedded stretch-proofing materials are arranged and used according to the structural stress performance requirements.
In the step (1), the grooves are correspondingly arranged according to the arrangement condition of the exposed ends of the tensile materials distributed in the modular prefabricated combined space connecting masonry.
In the step (1), the arrangement of the tensile materials in the space connection masonry can adopt, but is not limited to, a pre-buried arrangement mode parallel to a masonry central line, a ridge line and a diagonal line, and the grooves of the space connection masonry can adopt, but is not limited to, an arrangement mode parallel to the ridge line and the diagonal line along each surface of the masonry.
In the step (1), the modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry is mainly of a solid structure which is pre-buried and provided with a groove, is matched with a solid or hollow structure module which is prefabricated according to the requirements of reducing self weight, heat insulation, sound insulation and filling and is free of pre-buried tensile materials and provided with a groove, and the two modules are jointly or independently combined to be used to build an integral structure.
In the step (3), the integral structure is a frame, a cage, a wall, a plate, a column, a beam or a node body.
In view of the defects of the traditional structural frame construction method, building industrialization is the inevitable development direction in the future, various prefabricated part forms are continuously innovated in research and development practices of various departments and colleges and professional enterprises in recent years, and more abundant novel high-quality prefabricated part products with different performances are developed rapidly and widely applied. The mold cost of the component is high in customized production, the production quantity of the prefabricated components is small, and the high efficiency and low cost of factory production cannot be really realized. On the other hand, the integral prefabricated part produced in factory at present is often bulky for there is higher cost in aspects such as its production, transportation, storage, installation, and customized individual demand is difficult to be satisfied, and the equipment flexibility is not enough. Compared with the problems of high precision requirement and high professional requirement of field installation personnel in traditional precast beam and column production, the invention has modular design, so that each precast module can be produced in a factory, different modules can be flexibly assembled according to the combined construction mode to obtain structures with bearing capacity of various specifications and sizes, and the invention has extremely strong application range.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the integral structure formed by assembling the modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry bodies through a structure building mode replaces the traditional customized concrete beam, column and integrated prefabricated component, and is high in flexibility, energy-saving and environment-friendly.
2. The modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry can be produced in batch in a factory, so that the construction cost is reduced, the professional requirements of site construction, installation and construction are reduced by assembling in a structure construction mode, the method is simple and easy to implement, and the construction efficiency is improved.
3. The tensile material of prefabricated combination formula spatial connection brickwork of modularization can select different materials and specification for use in a flexible way with the requirement of adaptation structural strength, and various tensile material can both accomplish in the recess that sets up on the module to connect fixedly, different structural load ability is realized through the pre-buried of different tensile material, different compound mode of same tensile material also can provide different structural feature, effectively realize not unidimensional, the random combination construction of intensity requirement, have high degree of freedom, can satisfy various different construction conditions, the demand, universal applicability, optimize construction cost.
4. The modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry can achieve prestress and post-prestress process reinforcement of tensile materials, meanwhile masonry with the same shape can be modularized into different masonry sizes, and all masonry can form a stable whole after connection is completed, so that a space structure building mode with universality is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the basic masonry module units of the modular prefabricated modular space-connected masonry in the embodiment
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the straight module units in the embodiment
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing two combinations of the same-sized straight modular units in the embodiment
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a combination of the straight type module units of different sizes in the embodiment
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection and engagement structure at the node of the straight masonry module and the multi-directional module in the embodiment
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a closed building structure formed by connecting and combining modular brickwork in the embodiment
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention is suitable for masonry structures with any space modeling. Building block can arbitrary space design in principle, and each plane of brickwork, crest line, the arbitrary direction of central line are arranged can be followed to pre-buried tensile material, and in the tensile material end exposes the recess that sets up on the brickwork, the recess can supply to make each prefabricated brickwork combination of modularization be a whole through the connection of tensile material.
For convenience of demonstration, a plane rectangular coordinate system is adopted to demonstrate the shape, the function design and the construction method of the masonry in the embodiment, the pre-buried tensile materials are arranged along the central line and the ridge line of the masonry in the embodiment, and the grooves are arranged and designed according to the relative positions of the ends of the tensile materials and the modular masonry.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic masonry module unit of a modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry in this embodiment, the modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry of the present invention can be divided into two major categories, namely a direct type and a multidirectional type, wherein a in fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a direct type connection module unit of the modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry: the prefabricated masonry block is characterized in that 1 is one of the ends of the prefabricated tensile materials penetrating through the masonry, 2 is a prefabricated masonry block body of the modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry, 3 is a groove used for exposing the end of the tensile material on the masonry according to needs, the width of the groove is larger than the diameter of the tensile material, and the module a can be combined and connected according to different sizes and the tensile materials according to the needs of load distribution conditions, stress sizes, building purposes and the like. In fig. 1, b is a schematic diagram of a multidirectional connection module unit of a modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry, 1 is an exposed end of a tensile material, 2 is a prefabricated masonry block, 3 is a unidirectional and multidirectional groove which is arranged on the masonry according to connection requirements and tensile material arrangement conditions and used for connecting the tensile material, the modular masonry can be used as a node of a frame structure, the straight modular masonry is connected and combined into a frame structure building, and the quantity and the position of the pre-buried tensile material and the grooves in the modular masonry are determined according to the condition that the straight modular unit is connected at the node. In fig. 1 c is a schematic diagram of a straight module unit which is not embedded with tensile materials, is not grooved and can be hollow, belongs to a straight type, and mainly comprises combined module units which are matched with the straight type and multidirectional type to form different combinations and are determined according to the load condition.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection between the straight modular units in the embodiment, wherein 1 is a tensile end, the ends of the tensile materials of the modular brickwork which are combined with each other are connected with each other, 2 is a connecting operation space of the tensile materials formed by aligning the grooves with each other, the stress application and connection of the tensile materials are carried out in the space of the groove 2, and 3 is a modular unit which is tightly combined together after being connected by the tensile materials.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing two combination conditions of the connected straight-direction module units in the embodiment, the straight-direction module units with the same size can be combined arbitrarily according to needs, different straight-line module combinations have different load characteristics, d in fig. 3 is a combination condition under the condition that three surfaces are in tension, and e is a combination condition under the condition that two surfaces are in tension.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a combination of different sizes of the vertical module units in the embodiment, which can be formed into a combination with different loading characteristics in fig. 3 according to the loading characteristics, and has universality.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a connection and engagement structure at nodes of a straight masonry module and a multidirectional module in an embodiment, in which a and c are straight masonry modules, b is a multidirectional module at a corresponding node, ends of tensile materials are connected and fixed at positions corresponding to grooves of masonry on the modules, and the modules are engaged with each other to form a stable space structure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a closed building structure formed by connecting and combining the modular masonry units in the embodiment, and a stable, designable and flexible building frame structure with load bearing strength is formed by continuously combining and connecting the straight modules and the multi-directional modules, wherein masonry blocks in the frame mainly play a role in compression resistance, tensile materials are connected and fixed to form an integral three-dimensional network along beams, columns and nodes of the frame, and the whole building frame is closed and stable.
In the embodiment, the connection of the regular appearance example modularized prefabricated combined type space connection masonry and the construction process of the frame structure of the square and strip hexahedral modules under the rectangular coordinate system are adopted, but the technology and the design of the invention can adapt to various space modeling design masonry and be prefabricated into modules, tensile materials in the pre-buried masonry are connected through the grooves formed in the masonry, and the modules are combined and assembled into a novel masonry combined structure with good stress performance and strong space modeling capability.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the modular prefabricated modular space coupling masonry details and masonry profiles of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other space forming forms, groove details and corresponding arrangements of tensile material, corresponding combinations of modular masonry, and the like, without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a prefabricated combination formula spatial connection brickwork of modularization, its characterized in that, prefabricated combination formula spatial connection brickwork of modularization is the prefabricated spatial structure block of modularization, is provided with the recess on the block, and pre-buried tensile material in the block has, and the tensile material end exposes in the recess that sets up on the brickwork block, the prefabricated combination formula spatial connection brickwork of modularization passes through the tensile material end to be connected fixedly and make up and form each type of space overall structure.
2. The modular prefabricated combined type space-coupling masonry unit according to claim 1, wherein the pre-buried tensile material in the modular prefabricated combined type space-coupling masonry module can be ribs/wires/ropes made of various materials, the width of the groove in the modular prefabricated combined type space-coupling masonry module is larger than the diameter of the ribs/wires/ropes pre-buried in the masonry unit, so that the ends of the ribs/wires/ropes are completely exposed in the groove, and working spaces for connecting the ribs/wires/ropes in various manners such as machinery and welding are provided.
3. The modular space-joined masonry module according to claim 1, wherein the tensile material in the modular space-joined masonry module can be pre-embedded in a manner of being but not limited to being parallel to the masonry centerline, the edge line and the diagonal, and the grooves in the modular space-joined masonry module can be arranged in a manner of being but not limited to being parallel to the masonry centerline, the edge line and the diagonal in a unidirectional and multidirectional manner according to the arrangement of the tensile material.
4. A method of constructing a structure using modular prefabricated modular space-coupling masonry units as claimed in claim 1, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of designing a modular space connection masonry module combination scheme through digital modeling: according to the function of a target space structure, the space combination design of the modular brickwork is carried out by using a load working condition and a connection process, the target space structure is combined by matching various types of modular brickwork, and the factors such as the type, the number matching, the module size, the mechanical property, the groove arrangement, the type and the specification of internal tensile materials of various types of modular prefabricated combined type space connection brickwork are optimized and adjusted according to the assembly site construction condition, the prefabricated part transportation condition and the prefabrication process precision;
(2) according to a combined design scheme of a target construction space structure, obtaining a collocation and assembly scheme of a combination of a plurality of modularized prefabricated combined type space connection masonry modules, determining the number and the assembly sequence of various types of modules, wherein the combined design scheme further comprises the shape and the load parameters of the whole structure after all the modularized prefabricated combined type space connection masonry modules are assembled, and whether binding, binding and binding modes are required among the masonry modules;
(3) according to the design combination and installation sequence, a plurality of modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry modules are connected and bound according to the scheme of space structure combination by adopting connection modes such as welding, mechanical connection, binding and bonding and the like, wherein the exposed parts of the ends of the pre-buried ribs/wires/ropes in each modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry are connected and bound, and the pre-buried tensile materials are tensioned and connected by a prestress or post-tensioned prestressing technology according to the strength requirement of the space structure to form an integral structure.
5. The method for constructing the modular prefabricated combined type space-connected masonry structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the prefabricated material is selected from one or a combination of at least two of cement-based materials, inorganic polymer materials, composite materials or metal materials, the strength and the deformability of the materials used in the prefabricated member after molding meet the requirements of the existing building regulations, and the internal pre-embedded tensile materials are arranged according to the structural stress performance requirements.
6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step (1), the width of the groove is larger than the diameter of the pre-embedded tensile material, and the ends of the tensile material are exposed in the groove to facilitate the connection of the tensile material between modules.
7. The modular prefabricated modular combined type space-joining masonry structure construction method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the arrangement of the tensile materials in the space-joining masonry can adopt a pre-embedded arrangement mode which is parallel to a masonry central line, a masonry edge line and a masonry diagonal line, but not limited to a pre-embedded arrangement mode, and the grooves of the space-joining masonry can adopt a pre-embedded arrangement mode which is parallel to the masonry central line, the masonry edge line and the masonry diagonal line along all surfaces of the masonry.
8. The construction method of the modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the modular prefabricated combined type space connection masonry is mainly of a solid structure which is pre-embedded with tensile materials and is grooved, and is combined with a solid or hollow structure module which is prefabricated according to the requirements of reducing self weight, heat insulation, sound insulation and filling and is free of pre-embedded tensile materials and is free of grooves to serve as an auxiliary structure, and the two modules are jointly or independently combined to be used to construct an integral structure.
9. The prefabricated modular space-connecting masonry structure construction method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the integral structure is a frame, a cage, a wall, a plate, a column, a beam or a node body.
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