CN113369141A

CN113369141A - Cereal seed selection screening plant

Info

Publication number: CN113369141A
Application number: CN202110642457.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈武深
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-06-09
Filing date: 2021-06-09
Publication date: 2021-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-09
Also published as: CN113369141B

Abstract

A grain seed selection screening device comprises a machine body, a sundries screening mechanism, a blower mechanism, a grain screening mechanism and a baffle plate; the inside of the machine body is provided with a seed screening cavity, a storage cavity, a shell cavity, a seed extracting cavity, a feed inlet and a discharge port communicated with the seed screening cavity and the seed extracting cavity; the sundries screening mechanism is arranged on the machine body to screen sundries in grains, and the screened grains fall into the seed screening cavity through the feed inlet; the blowing mechanism comprises a fan which is arranged in the seed screening cavity, and the fan can blow the chaff of the grains falling into the seed screening cavity into the shell cavity; the grain screening mechanism comprises a screen arranged in the seed screening cavity and a driving part arranged on the machine body, one end of the screen is arranged at the discharge opening in a swinging way, and the other end of the screen is in driving connection with the driving part; the baffle can be arranged at the discharge port in a swinging manner and is in driving connection with the screen; the cereal that is blown off the chaff falls to the screen cloth and is sieved by the screen cloth, orders about the screen cloth swing slope through the drive division to drive the baffle swing and expose the bin outlet, make the cereal on the screen cloth fall into from the bin outlet and carry kind of chamber.

Description

Cereal seed selection screening plant

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of grain screening, in particular to a grain seed selection screening device.

Background

Cereals, which cover a wide range, include rice, wheat, millet, soybean and other coarse cereals, mainly plant seeds and fruits; in agricultural production, harvested grains need to be selected for seed selection in order to improve yield, namely, good grains which are large in size and full integrally are selected as seeds for planting, and the method accords with the preferred excellent breeding concept.

Because grains are generally mixed with more impurities, such as weeds, shells and the like, the grains are often required to be screened in the selection process, the existing tool for screening the grains is a screen, the grains mixed with the impurities are required to be pulled onto a net layer of the screen during use, then the screen is shaken, the impurities fall onto the ground through the net layer, and the grains retained on the screen are used as seeds; although the mode is simple to operate, because the cereal ghost that sieves out is the raw and other materials of fodder, generally need take alone, and impurity such as weeds and cereal ghost that adopt traditional mode to sieve out mixes together, is unfavorable for taking of ghost.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a grain seed selection and screening device, which solves the problems in the background technology.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a grain seed selection screening device comprises a machine body, a sundries screening mechanism, a blower mechanism, a grain screening mechanism and a baffle plate; the seed screening chamber is communicated with the storage chamber and positioned above the storage chamber, and the shell chamber is communicated with the storage chamber and arranged beside the storage chamber; a feed inlet communicated with the outside and the seed screening cavity and a discharge outlet communicated with the seed screening cavity and the seed extracting cavity are also formed in the machine body; the impurity screening mechanism is arranged on the machine body so as to carry out primary screening on the grains and discharge the screened grains into the seed screening cavity through the feed inlet; the blowing mechanism comprises a fan, the fan is arranged in the seed screening cavity and is positioned between the feeding hole and the discharging hole so as to blow the chaff of the grains falling from the feeding hole into the seed screening cavity to the husk cavity; the grain screening mechanism comprises a screen and a driving part, the driving part is installed on the machine body, the screen is arranged in the seed screening cavity, one end of the screen is installed at the discharge opening in a swinging mode, and the other end of the screen is in driving connection with the driving part; the baffle is arranged at the discharge outlet in a swinging manner and is in driving connection with the screen; through the drive division orders about the screen cloth swing, can drive the baffle swing to open or cover the bin outlet.

Preferably, the sundries screening mechanism comprises a chassis, a screening disc and a motor, the chassis is fixedly arranged on the machine body, and a through hole communicated with the feeding hole is formed in the chassis; the sieve tray is rotatably arranged on the base plate, a plurality of filter holes are formed in the sieve tray, and the filter holes can be communicated with the through holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode respectively; the motor is installed on the machine body, and an output shaft of the motor penetrates through the chassis and is in driving connection with the sieve tray so as to drive the sieve tray to rotate.

Preferably, still include feed mechanism, feed mechanism includes support frame, feed hopper, bears set and vibrating motor, the support frame is installed on the organism, feed hopper and the equal fixed mounting of vibrating motor are in on the organism, bear set then movably to be set up feed hopper's leak below, and bear set one end with the vibrating motor drive is connected, bear the set other end then extend sieve tray top.

Preferably, the screen cloth device further comprises a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the screen cloth, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the baffle plate, so that the screen cloth is in driving connection with the baffle plate.

Preferably, the blower mechanism further comprises a plurality of wind adjusting blades and an adjusting rod, the wind adjusting blades are arranged in the front of the air outlet of the fan in an array mode, and the wind adjusting blades are rotatably connected with the machine body; the rod body of the adjusting rod is synchronously hinged with the plurality of adjusting blades, and one end of the adjusting rod is hinged with the baffle; the baffle swings to drive the adjusting rod to move, and then the plurality of air adjusting blades are driven to swing.

Preferably, the dispersing device further comprises a dispersing mechanism, the dispersing mechanism comprises a blocking box and a guide block, and a through cavity which is opened outwards and communicated with the feed inlet is formed in the blocking box; the guide block is installed lead to the intracavity, the guide block is the design of prismoid form, just the guide block top with the feed inlet corresponds the setting.

Preferably, a plurality of guide grooves are arranged on the edge surface of the guide block.

Preferably, still include fixture, fixture includes the mount pad, arranges the material funnel and props the oral area, the mount pad sets up carry kind of intracavity, it installs to arrange the material funnel on the mount pad, just it corresponds to arrange the entry of material funnel the bin outlet sets up, prop the oral area and set up on the mount pad, just prop the oral area with all be equipped with the couple on the mount pad.

Preferably, the installation base is provided with a sliding groove, sliding plates are arranged at two ends of the opening bracing plate, and sliding columns in sliding connection with the sliding groove are arranged on the sliding plates, so that the opening bracing plate can be slidably installed on the installation base; the first end of the sliding column penetrates through the sliding groove to the outside, the limiting part is in threaded connection with the first end of the sliding column, and the limiting part can abut against the mounting seat to fix the relative position of the sliding column and the sliding groove.

Preferably, the seed picking and placing device further comprises a cover door, wherein a plurality of picking and placing openings communicated with the outside are formed in the sides of the storage cavity and the seed lifting cavity, and the cover doors are correspondingly arranged on the picking and placing openings beside the storage cavity and the seed lifting cavity one by one and used for opening and closing the picking and placing openings of the storage cavity and the seed lifting cavity; the bottom of the shell cavity is also provided with an opening communicated with the outside.

(III) advantageous effects

According to the grain seed selection screening device provided by the invention, the impurity screening mechanism is designed to remove larger impurities such as hay and the like in grains, the air blowing mechanism is designed in the seed screening cavity to remove chaff in the grains, and the screen is designed to screen qualified grains as seeds; after the seeds are screened out by the screen, the screen is driven to swing and incline by starting the driving part, and the baffle is synchronously driven to swing to expose the discharge outlet, so that the grains on the screen flow into the seed extracting cavity through the discharge outlet to complete the seed selection work; compared with the prior art, the grain seed selection and screening device is simple to operate, can be used for performing targeted screening on grains, realizes the independent screening of impurities such as weeds and grain shells in the grains, and is convenient for taking the shells; on the other hand, the volume of the grain seeds which are screened by the screen and are remained on the screen reaches the standard, and the method conforms to the preferred conception of good care.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention without limiting the invention in which:

FIG. 1 shows a first general structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a left side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows a part of the structure of the invention;

FIG. 5 shows a second partial structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows the overall structure of the present invention, diagram two;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 8 shows a first schematic view of the connection of the blower mechanism and the grain sifting mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the connection of the blower mechanism and the grain sifting mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the graff screening mechanism and the feeding mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural view of the dispersion mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of the guide block of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 machine body, 11 seed sieving cavities, 11a feed inlet, 11b discharge outlet, 12 storage cavities, 13 shell cavities, 14 seed extracting cavities, 1M taking and placing openings, 2 sundries sieving mechanisms, 21 chassis, 21a through holes, 22 sieve trays, 22a filter holes, 23 motors, 3 air blowing mechanisms, 31 fans, 32 fan blades, 33 adjusting rods, 4 grain sieving mechanisms, 41 screens, 410 shaft columns, 42 driving parts, 5 baffle plates, 50 connecting rods, 6 feeding mechanisms, 61 supporting frames, 62 feeding hoppers, 63 bearing plates, 64 vibration motors, 7 dispersing mechanisms, 71 baffle boxes, 710 through cavities, 72 guide blocks, 720 guide grooves, 8 clamping mechanisms, 81 installation seats, 810 sliding grooves, 82 discharging hoppers, 83 opening supporting plates, 830 sliding plates, 831 sliding columns, 8G hooks, 8X limiting parts and M cover doors.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-9, a grain seed selection screening device comprises a sundries screening mechanism 2, a blower mechanism 3, a grain screening mechanism 4 and a baffle 5; a seed screening cavity 11, a storage cavity 12, a shell cavity 13 and a seed lifting cavity 14 are arranged in the machine body 1, the seed screening cavity 11 is communicated with the storage cavity 12 and is positioned above the storage cavity 12, and the shell cavity 13 is communicated with the storage cavity 12 and is arranged beside the storage cavity 12; a feed inlet 11a communicated with the outside and the seed screening cavity 11 and a discharge outlet 11b communicated with the seed screening cavity 11 and the seed extracting cavity 14 are also arranged in the machine body 1; the sundries screening mechanism 2 is arranged on the machine body 1 to primarily screen grains and discharge the screened grains into the seed screening cavity 11 through the feed inlet 11 a; the air blowing mechanism 3 comprises a fan 31, and the fan 31 is installed in the seed screening cavity 11 and is positioned between the feeding port 11a and the discharging port 11b so as to blow the chaff of the grains falling from the feeding port 11a into the seed screening cavity 11 into the shell cavity 13; the grain screening mechanism 4 comprises a screen 41 and a driving part 42, the driving part 42 is installed on the machine body 1, the screen 41 is arranged in the seed screening cavity 11, one end of the screen 41 is installed at the discharge port 11b in a swinging mode, and the other end of the screen 41 is in driving connection with the driving part 42; the baffle 5 is arranged at the discharge port 11b in a swinging way, and the baffle 5 is in driving connection with the screen 41; the driving portion 42 drives the screen 41 to swing, so as to drive the baffle 5 to swing to open or close the discharge opening 11 b.

When in use, the grains are poured into the sundries screening mechanism 2, hay sundries in the grains can be screened out through the sundries screening mechanism 2, and the screened grains fall into the seed screening cavity 11 through the feed inlet 11 a; at this time, the fan 31 of the blowing mechanism 3 is started, the air current blown out from the air port of the fan 31 can blow the chaff in the grains falling into the seed screening cavity 11 into the shell cavity 13, and the grains containing rice grains have a certain weight and are not influenced by the air current, so that the grains can fall onto the screen 41 under the action of the self gravity; the grains with the husks removed fall onto the screen 41 and have certain impact force, so the grains are scattered on the screen 41, wherein the grains with smaller volume can pass through the meshes of the screen 41 and fall into the storage cavity 12, and the grains with larger volume can be used as seeds and stay on the screen 41; after the grains on the screen 41 are accumulated to a certain degree, the driving portion 42 is started, the screen 41 is driven to swing and incline by the driving portion 42, and the baffle plate 5 is driven to swing to expose the discharge opening 11b, so that the grains on the screen 41 flow to the discharge opening 11b along the surface of the screen 41 and fall into the seed lifting cavity 14 through the discharge opening 11b, and the screening and seed selection of the grains are completed.

After the grains on the screen 41 all fall into the seed lifting cavity 14, the driving part 42 drives the screen 41 to return to the original position, and the baffle 5 can be driven to cover the discharge opening 11b again.

In summary, the impurity screening mechanism 2 is designed to remove larger impurities such as hay in the grains, the blower mechanism 3 is designed in the seed screening cavity 11 to remove chaff in the grains, and the screen 41 is designed to screen qualified grains as seeds; after the seeds are screened out by the screen 41, the screen 41 is driven to swing and incline by starting the driving part 42, and the baffle 5 is synchronously driven to swing to expose the discharge opening 11b, so that the grains on the screen 41 enter the discharge opening 11b and flow into the seed extracting cavity 14 to complete the seed selection work; compared with the prior art, the grain seed selection and screening device is simple to operate, can be used for performing targeted screening on grains, realizes the independent screening of impurities such as weeds and grain shells in the grains, and is convenient for taking the shells; on the other hand, the volume of the grain seeds which are sieved by the screen 41 and are remained on the screen 41 reaches the standard, and the method conforms to the preferred conception of good care.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the driving portion 42 is an air cylinder, the air cylinder is installed outside the machine body 1, an end of the screen 41 away from the discharge port 11b is provided with a shaft column 410, the shaft column 410 penetrates through the machine body 1 to be externally connected and is rotatably connected with a telescopic shaft of the air cylinder, an end of the air cylinder away from the shaft column 410 is rotatably connected with the machine body, and the screen 41 can be driven to swing by starting the air cylinder.

Referring to fig. 3 to fig. 10, in the present invention, the sundries screening mechanism 2 includes a chassis 21, a screening tray 22 and a motor 23, the chassis 21 is fixedly installed on the machine body 1, and the chassis 21 is provided with a through hole 21a communicating with the feeding port 11 a; the sieve tray 22 is rotatably arranged on the chassis 21, a plurality of filter holes 22a are formed in the sieve tray 22, and the plurality of filter holes 22a can be respectively communicated with the through holes 21a in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the motor 23 is installed on the machine body 1, and an output shaft of the motor 23 penetrates through the chassis 21 and is in driving connection with the sieve tray 22 to drive the sieve tray 22 to rotate.

During the use, will wait that the cereal of screening is put into sieve dish 22, starter motor 23 drives sieve dish 22 and rotates to make a plurality of filtration pore 22a on the sieve dish 22 and the through-hole 21a intermittent type nature switch-on the chassis 21, and at the moment of filtration pore 22a and through-hole 21a switch-on, be in the cereal on filtration pore 22a drops to in the through-hole 21a, and gets into feed inlet 11a through-hole 21 a.

In summary, the rotatable design of the sieve tray 22 can make the grains in the sieve tray 22 approach to the filtering holes 22a at the edge of the sieve tray 22 under the action of centrifugal force, and after the grains which can pass through the holes of the filtering holes 22a fall into the through holes 21a, the remaining impurities are concentrated at the edge of the sieve tray 22, so as to be convenient for concentrated cleaning; on the other hand, considering that the sundries such as hay and the like are long in length, even if the sundries can pass through the holes of the filter holes 22a, a certain time is needed, and the filter holes 22a on the sieve tray 22 and the through holes 21a on the bottom tray 21 are intermittently communicated, so that the sundries stuck in the filter holes 22a can be dragged out in the time, and the possibility that the sundries such as hay and the like enter the through holes 21a is further reduced; in addition, the design of a plurality of filtering holes 22a can make the cereal of sieve dish 22 upper edge all in time pass through filtering hole 22a and get into in the through-hole 21a, improves the screening speed of sieve dish 22 effectively, avoids cereal accumulation on sieve dish 22.

Referring to fig. 1-5, considering that the area of the sieve tray 22 is limited, when the grains are poured into the sieve tray 22, the pouring amount of the grains needs to be controlled to prevent the grains from blocking the filter holes 22a too much, and the pouring amount is difficult to control manually, the present invention further includes a feeding mechanism 6, the feeding mechanism 6 includes a support frame 61, a feeding funnel 62, a bearing tray 63 and a vibrating motor 64, the support frame 61 is installed on the machine body 1, the feeding funnel 62 and the vibrating motor 64 are both fixedly installed on the machine body 1, the bearing tray 63 is movably disposed below the leakage opening of the feeding funnel 62, one end of the bearing tray 63 is drivingly connected with the vibrating motor 64, and the other end of the bearing tray 63 extends above the sieve tray 22.

When the grain screening device is used, grains to be screened are poured into the feeding funnel 62, the grains in the feeding funnel 62 flow to the bearing disc 63 below the leakage opening, the vibration motor 64 is started to drive the bearing disc 63 to shake back and forth at the moment, the grains in the bearing disc 63 can be shaken off to the screen disc 22 one by one, and compared with a manual mode, the grain screening device can pour the grains into the screen disc 22 uniformly; in particular, since the vibration motor 64 is prior art and should be understood by those skilled in the art, it will not be described in detail herein.

Referring to fig. 3 to 9, further, in order to synchronously drive the baffle 5 when the screen 41 swings, the present invention further includes a connecting rod 50, wherein one end of the connecting rod 50 is hinged to the screen 41, and the other end of the connecting rod 50 is hinged to the baffle 5, so that the screen 41 is drivingly connected to the baffle 5.

Referring to fig. 3 to 8, the blower mechanism 3 further includes a plurality of wind adjustment blades 32 and an adjustment rod 33, the wind adjustment blades 32 are disposed in front of the wind outlet of the fan 31 in an array, and the plurality of wind adjustment blades 32 are rotatably connected to the body 1; the rod body of the adjusting rod 33 is synchronously hinged with the plurality of adjusting blades 32, and one end of the adjusting rod 33 is hinged with the baffle 5; the baffle 5 swings to drive the adjusting rod 33 to move, and further drives the adjusting blades 32 to swing, so as to adjust the direction of the airflow blown out by the fan 31.

Specifically, considering that the grains falling onto the screen 41 may still have chaffs due to the dead angle of the air flow blown by the fan 31 in the process of falling onto the screen 41, and the volume of the chaffs may not pass through the screen 41 because of the large volume, so that the chaffs are mixed with the grains, which is not in accordance with the preferred conception of good care; therefore, the air adjusting blade 32 is designed to adjust the direction of the air flow, when the screen 41 is inclined, the air adjusting blade 32 swings downwards under the driving of the baffle 5, so that the direction of the air flow corresponds to the screen 41, chaff staying on the screen 41 is blown away, and the standard grain seeds move to the discharge port 11b along the mesh surface of the screen 41 without being influenced by the air flow due to the large weight of the grain seeds.

Referring to fig. 3, 11 and 12, in order to make chaff in the grain more easily blown away by the airflow from the fan 31, the grain entering the seed sieving chamber 11 from the feeding port 11a needs to be dispersed to increase the contact area between the airflow and the grain, and for this purpose, the present invention further includes a dispersing mechanism 7, the dispersing mechanism 7 includes a blocking box 71 and a guide block 72, and a through chamber 710 which is opened outwards and communicated with the feeding port 11a is arranged inside the blocking box 71; the guide block 72 is installed in the through cavity 710, the guide block 72 is designed in a frustum pyramid shape, and the top of the guide block 72 is arranged corresponding to the feed port 11 a.

Concretely, cereal after debris screening mechanism 2 sieves falls into through feed inlet 11a and keeps off in the box 71, and offsets with setting up guide block 72 top in keeping off the box 71 earlier, and because guide block 72 is the design of prismoid form, the cereal that offsets with guide block 72 will slide along each faceted pebble of guide block 72, finally flow out keep off box 71 and lead to the chamber 710 and get into in the kind of a chamber 11 of sieve, cereal at this moment is dispersed by guide block 72, lead to the area of contact increase with the air current that fan 31 blew out for the vacant shell in the cereal is blown away more easily.

In particular, be equipped with many guide grooves 720 on the faceted pebble of guide block 72, the cereal that passes through feed inlet 11a will flow along many guide grooves 720 directions, and the design of many guide grooves 720 can make the cereal flow to the volume of cereal on the faceted pebble of guide block 72 more even on the one hand, and on the other hand can guarantee that cereal evenly disperses.

Referring to fig. 3-6, still include fixture 8, fixture 8 includes mount pad 81, discharge funnel 82 and props a mouthful board 83, and mount pad 81 sets up in advancing kind chamber 14, and discharge funnel 82 installs on mount pad 81, and discharge funnel 82's entry corresponds bin outlet 11b and sets up, props a mouthful board 83 and sets up on mount pad 81, and props a mouthful board 83 and all be equipped with couple 8G on mount pad 81.

When in use, the bag for loading the grains is hung on the mounting seat 81 and the hook 8G on the opening-opening plate 83, so that the opening of the bag can be opened; the discharge hopper 82 is designed to collect the seeds from the discharge opening 11b and then uniformly drop into the bag through a discharge opening at the bottom of the discharge hopper 82.

Furthermore, in order to adapt to the bag openings of different bags, the invention further comprises a limiting piece 8X, a sliding groove 810 is arranged on the mounting seat 81, sliding plates 830 are arranged at two ends of the opening supporting plate 83, and a sliding column 831 in sliding connection with the sliding groove 810 is arranged on the sliding plates 830, so that the opening supporting plate 83 can be slidably mounted on the mounting seat 81; the first end of the sliding column 831 penetrates through the sliding groove 810 to the outside, the limiting member 8X is in threaded connection with the first end of the sliding column 831, and the limiting member 8X can abut against the mounting seat 81 to fix the relative position of the sliding column 831 and the sliding groove 810.

During the use, rotate locating part 8X and make locating part 8X keep away from the mount pad 81 lateral wall, can loosen locating part 8X to traveller 831, move along spout 810 length direction according to the sack size at this moment and prop the oral plate 83, can adjust the relative distance between oral plate 83 and the mount pad 81, adjust the distance of the couple 8G on the oral plate 83 and the couple 8G on the mount pad 81 promptly to adapt to the not sack of equidimension.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-4, the seed picking and placing device further comprises a cover door M, a plurality of picking and placing openings 1M communicated with the outside are formed in the sides of the storage cavity 12 and the seed lifting cavity 14, and the cover doors M are correspondingly arranged on the picking and placing openings 1M of the storage cavity 12 and the seed lifting cavity 14 one by one and used for opening and closing the picking and placing openings 1M beside the storage cavity 12 and the seed lifting cavity 14; the cover door M is designed to facilitate the opening and closing of the access opening 1M, so that a user can conveniently place tools such as a barrel or a bag for loading grains in the storage cavity 12 and the seed lifting cavity 14; on the other hand, the bottom of the shell cavity 13 is also provided with an opening communicated with the outside, and a tool for loading grains is placed at the opening, so that the chaff in the shell cavity 13 can be received and taken out.

It is also to be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Claims

1. A grain seed selection screening device is characterized by comprising a machine body (1), a sundries screening mechanism (2), a blast mechanism (3), a grain screening mechanism (4) and a baffle (5);

a seed screening cavity (11), a storage cavity (12), a shell cavity (13) and a seed lifting cavity (14) are arranged in the machine body (1), the seed screening cavity (11) is communicated with the storage cavity (12) and is positioned above the storage cavity (12), and the shell cavity (13) is communicated with the storage cavity (12) and is arranged beside the storage cavity (12); a feed inlet (11a) communicated with the outside and the seed screening cavity (11) and a discharge outlet (11b) communicated with the seed screening cavity (11) and the seed extracting cavity (14) are also arranged in the machine body (1);

the sundries screening mechanism (2) is installed on the machine body (1) to preliminarily screen grains and discharge the screened grains into the seed screening cavity (11) through the feed port (11 a);

the air blowing mechanism (3) comprises a fan (31), and the fan (31) is installed in the seed screening cavity (11) and is positioned between the feed inlet (11a) and the discharge outlet (11b) so as to blow chaff of grains falling into the seed screening cavity (11) from the feed inlet (11a) into the shell cavity (13);

the grain screening mechanism (4) comprises a screen (41) and a driving part (42), the driving part (42) is installed on the machine body (1), the screen (41) is arranged in the seed screening cavity (11), one end of the screen (41) is installed at the discharge opening (11b) in a swinging mode, and the other end of the screen (41) is in driving connection with the driving part (42);

the baffle (5) is arranged at the discharge opening (11b) in a swinging mode, and the baffle (5) is in driving connection with the screen (41); the screen (41) is driven to swing by the driving part (42), so that the baffle (5) can be driven to swing to open or cover the discharge opening (11 b).

2. The grain seed selection and screening device according to claim 1, wherein the impurity screening mechanism (2) comprises a chassis (21), a screening disc (22) and a motor (23), the chassis (21) is fixedly installed on the machine body (1), and a through hole (21a) communicated with the feeding hole (11a) is formed in the chassis (21); the sieve tray (22) is rotatably arranged on the chassis (21), a plurality of filter holes (22a) are formed in the sieve tray (22), and the filter holes (22a) can be communicated with the through holes (21a) in a one-to-one correspondence mode respectively; the motor (23) is installed on the machine body (1), and an output shaft of the motor (23) penetrates through the chassis (21) and is in driving connection with the sieve tray (22) so as to drive the sieve tray (22) to rotate.

3. A grain seed selection and screening device according to claim 2, further comprising a feeding mechanism (6), wherein the feeding mechanism (6) comprises a supporting frame (61), a feeding hopper (62), a bearing plate (63) and a vibration motor (64), the supporting frame (61) is installed on the machine body (1), the feeding hopper (62) and the vibration motor (64) are both fixedly installed on the machine body (1), the bearing plate (63) is movably arranged below the leakage opening of the feeding hopper (62), one end of the bearing plate (63) is in driving connection with the vibration motor (64), and the other end of the bearing plate (63) extends to the upper side of the screening plate (22).

4. A grain seed selection and screening device according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting rod (50), wherein one end of the connecting rod (50) is hinged with the screen (41), and the other end of the connecting rod (50) is hinged with the baffle plate (5) so as to drive the screen (41) and the baffle plate (5).

5. The grain seed selection and screening device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the blower mechanism (3) further comprises a plurality of wind adjusting blades (32) and an adjusting rod (33), the wind adjusting blades (32) are provided with a plurality of wind adjusting blades and are arranged in an array manner in front of the wind outlet of the fan (31), and the wind adjusting blades (32) are rotatably connected with the machine body (1); the rod body of the adjusting rod (33) is synchronously hinged with the plurality of fan adjusting blades (32), and one end of the adjusting rod (33) is hinged with the baffle (5); the baffle (5) swings to drive the adjusting rod (33) to move, and then the adjusting blades (32) are driven to swing.

6. The grain seed selection and screening device of claim 1, further comprising a dispersing mechanism (7), wherein the dispersing mechanism (7) comprises a baffle box (71) and a guide block (72), a through cavity (710) which is opened outwards and communicated with the feed inlet (11a) is arranged inside the baffle box (71); guide block (72) are installed lead to in chamber (710), guide block (72) are the design of terrace with edge form, just guide block (72) top with feed inlet (11a) correspond the setting.

7. A grain seed selection and screening device as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that a plurality of guide grooves (720) are provided on the edge surface of the guide block (72).

8. A grain seed selection and screening device according to claim 1, further comprising a clamping mechanism (8), wherein the clamping mechanism (8) comprises a mounting seat (81), a discharge hopper (82) and a mouth opening plate (83), the mounting seat (81) is arranged in the seed lifting cavity (14), the discharge hopper (82) is arranged on the mounting seat (81), an inlet of the discharge hopper (82) is arranged corresponding to the discharge opening (11b), the mouth opening plate (83) is arranged on the mounting seat (81), and hooks (8G) are arranged on the mouth opening plate (83) and the mounting seat (81).

9. The grain seed selection and screening device of claim 8, further comprising a limiting member (8X), wherein a sliding groove (810) is formed in the mounting seat (81), sliding plates (830) are arranged at two ends of the opening plate (83), and sliding columns (831) connected with the sliding groove (810) in a sliding manner are arranged on the sliding plates (830), so that the opening plate (83) can be slidably mounted on the mounting seat (81); the first end of the sliding column (831) penetrates through the sliding groove (810) to the outside, the limiting piece (8X) is in threaded connection with the first end of the sliding column (831), and the limiting piece (8X) can abut against the mounting seat (81) to fix the relative position of the sliding column (831) and the sliding groove (810).

10. The grain seed selection and screening device according to claim 1, further comprising a cover door (M), wherein a plurality of access openings (1M) communicated with the outside are formed at the sides of the storage cavity (12) and the seed extraction cavity (14), and the cover doors (M) are correspondingly arranged on the access openings (1M) beside the storage cavity (12) and the seed extraction cavity (14) one by one and used for opening and closing the access openings (1M) of the storage cavity (12) and the seed extraction cavity (14); the bottom of the shell cavity (13) is also provided with an opening communicated with the outside.