CN113355975A

CN113355975A - Water purification afforestation integral type cavernosum structure of mating formation that permeates water

Info

Publication number: CN113355975A
Application number: CN202110704328.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王宇晖; 许中硕; 李婷; 宋新山
Original assignee: Donghua University
Current assignee: Donghua University
Priority date: 2021-06-24
Filing date: 2021-06-24
Publication date: 2021-09-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a water purification and greening integrated sponge body water-permeable paving structure, which is characterized in that: including from the surface layer of mating formation, water-storage layer and the bed course of mating formation of permeating water that sets gradually down, the water-storage layer is porous fiber cotton, it is porous PVC plant pipe to plant the pipe, and porous PVC plant pipe is vertical to inlay and is inserted in the porous fiber cotton, the drain pipe is porous PVC drain pipe, and porous PVC drain pipe level inlays and inserts in the porous fiber cotton. The porous structure and the inserting mode of the vertical PVC pipe are beneficial to growth and harvesting of green plants, and the horizontal porous PVC drain pipe can timely discharge redundant accumulated rainwater to prevent the water body from smelling. This water purification afforestation integral type cavernosum structure of mating formation that permeates water not only has view benefit and water purification environmental benefit concurrently, can realize batch production in the engineering moreover and mat formation fast, extensively is applicable to low load land areas such as green roof, garden.

Description

Water purification afforestation integral type cavernosum structure of mating formation that permeates water

Technical Field

The invention relates to a water purification and greening integrated sponge body water permeable pavement structure, in particular to a pavement structure integrating urban landscape, water quantity control and water quality control capabilities, and belongs to the field of sponge urban road construction.

Background

Along with the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process, land is continuously developed, the space is continuously expanded, the area of the urban impervious road surface is also continuously increased, the surface runoff is obviously increased, the environmental problems such as urban flood disasters, runoff pollution, heat island effect and the like are further caused to frequently occur, and especially under the condition of extreme rainfall, the urban waterlogging risk is obviously improved. In order to improve the capability of coping with urban rainfall and utilizing rainwater, the sponge city construction is positively and greatly promoted in multiple countries in the world, rainwater is intercepted, accumulated and naturally drained through the urban road underlying surface, and the aims of relieving urban rainwater waterlogging disasters, supplementing underground water resources, comprehensively utilizing rainwater, relieving urban heat island effect and the like are further fulfilled.

The Low Impact Development (LID) concept is one of basic theories of sponge cities, is based on the principle of simulating natural water circulation, controls and comprehensively utilizes the rainwater runoff from the source through rainwater infrastructure, and can also realize the control of rainwater runoff pollutants from the source. The main infrastructure of the system comprises a rainwater garden, a green roof, permeable pavement, a biological retention pond, a grass planting ditch and the like. The permeable pavement is one of low-influence development technologies widely applied in sponge city construction at present, and is often applied to pavement roads with lower load requirements, such as sidewalks, parks, parking lots and the like. The existing permeable pavement structure has the problems of easy blockage, difficult later maintenance, poor water storage capacity, large engineering quantity and the like, and in the practical application of engineering, sand and soil are easily brought into pores of the permeable pavement structure in the rainwater runoff scouring and infiltration processes, so that the permeable pavement structure is blocked, the permeability of the permeable pavement structure is influenced, the road surface accumulated water is generated, and the maintenance is difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a new permeable pavement to solve the problems of blockage and maintenance.

The plants are used as the components of the urban landscape, and can block the flow of the surface runoff, so that the particulate matters in the runoff are settled, and the urban rainwater runoff speed is delayed. In addition, the plant can absorb and utilize nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body, fix and convert novel environmental pollutants such as heavy metal elements, antibiotics and the like in the water body, and realize the water quality purification effect; meanwhile, the oxygen secretion function of the plant root system can regulate the aerobic/anaerobic state of the water environment, so that the nitrification and denitrification functions of microorganisms are further improved to enhance the removal of nitrogen. Therefore, the permeable pavement constructed based on the plants can improve the greening rate of urban landscapes and is expected to realize the high-efficiency comprehensive water purification effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the existing permeable pavement structure is easy to block in the rainwater runoff scouring and infiltration process, generates road surface water accumulation and is difficult to maintain.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention provides a water purification and greening integrated sponge body water-permeable paving structure, which is characterized in that: including from surface layer, the water-storage layer of permeating water the pavement that sets gradually down and the bed course of permeating water the pavement, set up along vertical direction in the water-storage layer and plant the pipe, it plants to be equipped with the clean water green in the planting pipe, be equipped with the drain pipe along the horizontal direction in the water-storage layer.

Preferably, the water storage layer is porous fiber cotton, the planting pipe is a porous PVC plant pipe, the porous PVC plant pipe is vertically inserted into the porous fiber cotton, the drain pipe is a porous PVC drain pipe, and the porous PVC drain pipe is horizontally inserted into the porous fiber cotton.

Preferably, the distance between the bottom of the porous PVC plant pipe and the bottom of the porous cellucotton is 10-20 cm, and the pipe diameter of the porous PVC drain pipe is 20-30 mm.

Preferably, the porous PVC plant pipe is of a closed structure with an open top and a conical bottom, the hole rate of the pipe wall of the porous PVC plant pipe is 60% -70%, the aperture is 10-20 mm, the pipe diameter is 50-60 mm, and the pipe height is 30-50 cm.

Preferably, the plant roots of the clean water green plants are diverged outwards through the pipe holes of the porous PVC plant pipe.

Preferably, the permeable pavement surface layer is paved by using volcanic rock or gravels or a mixture of the volcanic rock and the gravels, and the thickness is 20-40 mm.

Preferably, the permeable pavement cushion layer is paved by gravels, and the thickness of the permeable pavement cushion layer is 20-40 mm.

Preferably, the porous cellucotton is wrapped with a non-woven fabric.

Preferably, the porous cellucotton is a square body with the height of 0.5-0.7 m and the length and the width of 0.3-0.5 m, each piece of porous cellucotton is arranged regularly during paving, and the interval between the porous cellucottons is 10-20 cm.

Preferably, the water-purifying green plants comprise emerald green, tall cogongrass, arundo donax, canna and droughhaired groundsel herb.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention can be used for receiving light-weight domestic sewage and effluent of sewage treatment plants, or be used together with low-influence development technologies such as grass planting ditches and the like. Wherein, the road rainwater is collected and discharged into the grass planting ditch, and then is infiltrated through a permeable pavement structure with water storage, purification and drainage functions, so as to achieve the purposes of collecting, accumulating, purifying, discharging and comprehensively utilizing rainwater runoff and promote the management of urban rainfall flood.

(1) The permeable pavement structure disclosed by the invention is used for planting clean water and green plants, realizes the integration of greening and water purification, can be widely applied to low-load land such as green roofs, rainwater gardens, parks and the like, and realizes the maximization of environmental benefits.

(2) The water permeable pavement structure is simple and easy to implement; the porous cellucotton planted with the water purification green plants can be produced in batch, and can be quickly paved in practical engineering application.

(3) The sponge body is wrapped with the non-woven fabric, so that the sponge body is not easy to block, is easy to transport, bury and take out, and is convenient for later-stage permeable pavement maintenance. Meanwhile, the porous cellucotton can remarkably improve the seepage, storage and drainage performance of the permeable pavement structure.

(4) The planting green plants are collected by the porous PVC pipe bundles, the porous PVC pipe is easy to take out, the purified water green plants can be harvested quickly, and the green plants can realize urban landscape greening and rainwater runoff purification simultaneously.

(5) The porous PVC pipe can be used as a container, fertilizer or filler is added into the container to maintain the growth of plants and improve the water purification efficiency.

(6) The permeable pavement structure has high porosity and oxygen content, accumulated rainwater cannot smell due to the action of anaerobic bacteria, and the drain pipe of the permeable pavement structure is favorable for discharging redundant rainwater.

In addition, the invention can be combined with other low-influence development technologies to strengthen the water purification effect. For example: when the rainwater collecting and distributing device is used together with a grass planting ditch, road rainwater is collected and then discharged into the grass planting ditch, and is infiltrated through a permeable pavement structure with water storage, water purification and drainage functions, so that the aims of collecting, accumulating, purifying, discharging and comprehensively utilizing rainwater runoff are fulfilled, and urban rainwater and flood management is promoted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water-purifying and greening integrated sponge body water-permeable pavement structure of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a porous cellucotton structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a porous PVC plant tube structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a porous PVC plant tube structure with plants grown;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a porous PVC drain pipe structure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the water purification and greening integrated sponge body water-permeable pavement structure of the invention comprises a water purification green plant 1, a water-permeable pavement surface layer 2, a porous PVC plant pipe 3, a water storage layer, a porous PVC drain pipe 5 and a water-permeable pavement cushion layer 6. The water storage layer is porous cellucotton 4, and porous PVC plant pipe 3 is vertically inserted in porous cellucotton 4 as planting the pipe. The porous PVC drain pipe 5 is horizontally penetrated and inserted into the porous cellucotton 4 to serve as a drain pipe, and the clean water green plants 1 with good growth vigor grow in the vertically inserted porous PVC plant pipe 3.

The permeable pavement surface layer 2 is paved by using volcanic rocks or gravels or by mixing the volcanic rocks and the gravels, and the thickness is about 20-40 mm. The permeable pavement surface layer 2 has higher hardness and a porous structure, and is beneficial to improving the bearing of the structure, adsorbing runoff pollution and accelerating runoff infiltration.

The porous PVC plant pipe 3 is of a closed structure with an open top and a conical bottom, so that nutrient soil or other carbon sources are conveniently added, the growth of plant microorganisms is facilitated, the nitrification and denitrification efficiency is improved, and the water quality purification capacity of the permeable pavement structure is further improved.

The hole rate of the wall of the porous PVC plant pipe 3 is about 60-70%, the aperture is about 10-20 mm, the pipe diameter is about 50-60 mm, and the pipe height is about 30-50 cm. The distance between the bottom of the porous PVC plant pipe 3 and the bottom of the porous cellucotton 4 is about 10-20 cm, and the diameter of the porous PVC drain pipe 5 is about 20-30 mm.

The porous PVC plant pipe 3 can be used for planting landscape plants with strong ornamental value, easy growth and good water purification effect, such as emerald green, tall cogongrass, bamboo reed, canna, droughty groundsel and the like, is suitable for places with higher greening requirements, such as residential landscape, parks, green roofs and the like, and is beneficial to relieving urban waterlogging and beautifying the environment. Porous PVC plant pipe 3 is tied a bundle the green plant roots 7 of planting 1 of clear water, and plant roots 7 can be dispersed to soil by porous PVC plant pipe 3, and it is inseparable to combine with porous PVC plant pipe 3, and the change is reaped the plant and can be taken out porous PVC plant pipe 3 with the quick harvesting, the change that realize the plant, does benefit to the permeable pavement structure routine maintenance.

The porous cellucotton 4 is a square body with the height of about 0.5-0.7 m and the length and the width of about 0.3-0.5 m, and each piece of porous cellucotton 4 is regularly arranged during paving, and the interval between the porous cellucotton 4 and the porous cellucotton is about 10-20 cm. The porous cellucotton 4 is wrapped by the non-woven fabric, so that the porous cellucotton 4 is not easy to be blocked by silt, is easy to transport and bury, and is easy to maintain and replace the later-stage permeable pavement.

The permeable pavement cushion layer 6 is paved by gravel, the thickness is about 20-40 mm, the porous fiber cotton 4 can be paved smoothly, and the permeable pavement structure seepage, storage and discharge performance can be improved.

In the embodiment, four porous PVC plant pipes 3 for planting good-growth clean water green plants 1 are vertically inserted into each piece of porous cellucotton 4, two porous PVC drain pipes 5 are horizontally inserted, the distance between each porous PVC drain pipe 5 and the bottom of the porous cellucotton 4 is about 5-10 cm, and the distance between each porous PVC plant pipe 3 and the bottom of the porous cellucotton 4 is about 10-20 cm.

The purified water green plants 1 can be put into the porous PVC plant pipe 3 after being cultivated in a large scale in advance, and then are embedded into the porous cellucotton 4, the steps are simple and convenient, the operation is easy, and the industrialized mass production can be realized. During construction, firstly, measurement and paying-off are carried out, and earth excavation is carried out; tamping the native soil matrix, paving 20mm thick gravels, putting the assembled porous cellucotton 4, and enabling the interval between each porous cellucotton 4 to be about 20 cm; and backfilling the soil until the pores among the porous fiber cotton 4 are filled, compacting, and paving gravels with the thickness of about 20mm on the surface layer.

The porous PVC plant pipe 3, the water purification green plant 1 and the porous cellucotton 4 are convenient to assemble and bury, the paving structure is simple and convenient to build, the engineering quantity is small, and paving can be quickly realized. The porous fiber cotton 4 is used as a water storage layer for water permeable pavement, so that the water storage performance of the water permeable pavement structure is greatly improved; and the reverse water release capacity of the device can reversely supply water for the clean water green plants 1 continuously during drought, thereby realizing the comprehensive utilization of rainwater. The permeable pavement structure has high porosity and high oxygen content, accumulated rainwater cannot smell due to the action of anaerobic bacteria, and the drain pipe of the permeable pavement structure is favorable for discharging redundant rainwater.

The sponge body water-permeable pavement structure integrates greening and water purification, landscape plants are arranged above the water-permeable pavement surface layer 2, different plants can be planted in each sponge body, and the effects of landscape beautification and rainwater purification maximization are achieved through combination of different plant modules; plant root systems 7 in the porous cellucotton 4 below the permeable pavement surface layer 2 can absorb and utilize nitrogen and phosphorus in the rainwater to be infiltrated, and the accumulated heavy metals are fixed, so that the rainwater purification effect is achieved.

The integral type cavernosum of purifying water afforestation structure of mating formation can jointly use with the grass planting ditch, and the grass planting ditch is gone into to the row after the road rainwater collects and oozes through the structure of mating formation that permeates water, and plant roots accumulates, fixes, purifies rainwater runoff pollutant, and each structural layer can impound, water purification, drainage, reaches the purpose of collecting, save, purifying, discharging, comprehensive utilization rainwater runoff, realizes city rainfall flood management.

The sponge body can be paved to permeate water to receive light-weight domestic sewage or receive water discharged from a sewage treatment plant, biological fillers can be added into the PVC planting pipe, landscape crops with high removal rate of organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, phosphate and heavy metals in the sewage, such as allium mongolicum regel, cattail, calamus flavus, droughhaired-umbrella-grass and the like, are planted in the planting pipe, and the green plant root system is utilized to absorb novel environmental pollutants, such as nitrogen and phosphorus elements, fixed conversion heavy metals, antibiotics and the like in rainwater runoff, so that landscape greening and rainwater purification are realized, and the maximization of environmental benefit is achieved.

The porous structure and the inserting mode of the vertical PVC pipe are beneficial to growth and harvesting of green plants, and the horizontal porous PVC drain pipe can timely discharge redundant accumulated rainwater to prevent the water body from smelling. The water-saving paving machine has landscape benefits and water purification environmental benefits, can realize batch production and quick paving in engineering, and is widely suitable for low-load land such as green roofs, gardens and the like.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a water purification afforestation integral type cavernosum structure of mating formation that permeates water which characterized in that: including from the surface layer (2) of mating formation that permeates water, the water-storage layer that down sets gradually and permeate water the bed course of mating formation (6), set up the planting pipe along vertical direction in the water-storage layer, it plants (1) to plant intraductal clean water green that is equipped with, be equipped with the drain pipe along the horizontal direction in the water-storage layer.

2. The water purification and greening integrated sponge body water permeable pavement structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the water storage layer is made of porous cellucotton (4), the planting pipe is made of a porous PVC plant pipe (3), the porous PVC plant pipe (3) is vertically embedded in the porous cellucotton (4), the drain pipe is a porous PVC drain pipe (5), and the porous PVC drain pipe (5) is horizontally embedded in the porous cellucotton (4).

3. The water purification and greening integrated sponge body water permeable pavement structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the distance between the bottom of the porous PVC plant pipe (3) and the bottom of the porous cellucotton (4) is 10-20 cm, and the pipe diameter of the porous PVC drain pipe (5) is 20-30 mm.

4. The water purification and greening integrated sponge body water permeable pavement structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the porous PVC plant pipe (3) is of a closed structure with an open top and a conical bottom, the hole rate of the pipe wall of the porous PVC plant pipe (3) is 60% -70%, the aperture is 10-20 mm, the pipe diameter is 50-60 mm, and the pipe height is 30-50 cm.

5. The water purification and greening integrated sponge body water permeable pavement structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the plant root system (7) of the water-purifying green plant (1) is diffused outwards through the pipe hole of the porous PVC plant pipe (3).

6. The water purification and greening integrated sponge body water permeable pavement structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the permeable pavement surface layer (2) is paved by using volcanic rock or gravel or a mixture of the volcanic rock and the gravel, and the thickness is 20-40 mm.

7. The water purification and greening integrated sponge body water permeable pavement structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the permeable pavement cushion layer (6) is paved by gravels, and the thickness is 20-40 mm.

8. The water purification and greening integrated sponge body water permeable pavement structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the porous cellucotton (4) is wrapped by non-woven fabrics.

9. The water purification and greening integrated sponge body water permeable pavement structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the porous cellucotton (4) is a square body with the height of 0.5-0.7 m and the length and the width of 0.3-0.5 m, each piece of porous cellucotton (4) is arranged in order during paving, and the interval between the porous cellucotton (4) is 10-20 cm.

10. The water purification and greening integrated sponge body water permeable pavement structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the water purification green plants (1) comprise emerald green plants, tall cogongrass plants, giant reed, canna and droughhaired parasol plants.