CN113354092A - Multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration - Google Patents
Multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113354092A CN113354092A CN202110659589.6A CN202110659589A CN113354092A CN 113354092 A CN113354092 A CN 113354092A CN 202110659589 A CN202110659589 A CN 202110659589A CN 113354092 A CN113354092 A CN 113354092A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- floating plate
- water
- ecological
- ecological floating
- lake
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration, which comprises: the ecological floating plate repairing device is fixed on the water surface of the lake reservoir in a floating mode, can plant aquatic plants with developed root systems, and provides a spawning place for fishes producing viscous eggs; the clam three-dimensional hanging-breeding repairing device is hung below the ecological floating plate repairing device and can throw and breed filter-feeding clams; the biological regulation and control system for the filter-feeding silver carps and bighead carps comprises the silver carps and the bighead carps, wherein the silver carps and the bighead carps are arranged in water areas where the ecological floating plate restoration device and the freshwater mussel three-dimensional hanging culture restoration device are located. The invention can realize the regulation and control of the water environment of the whole water area, can coordinate the water environment treatment of lakes and reservoirs and the maintenance of fish resource diversity, and has the advantages of good water quality improvement effect, simple and convenient use, various functions and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to a multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration.
Background
With the acceleration of the urbanization process and the rapid development of the industry and agriculture, water eutrophication becomes an important challenge for the current global water environment. The eutrophication trend of lakes and reservoirs (lake and reservoir, the same below) in China is severe, and the eutrophication trend becomes one of the most important ecological environmental problems to be solved urgently at present. With the acceleration of the eutrophication process of the water body, high aquatic plants, particularly submerged plants, in some shallow grass type lakes gradually decline and disappear, so that the clear water grass type water body which is mainly composed of the high aquatic plants and has a complex structure and complete functions is reversely degenerated into a turbid water algae type water body which is mainly composed of small phytoplankton such as blue-green algae and has single structure and degenerated functions, algae bloom in lakes and reservoirs is caused, and a series of aquatic environment problems are brought. For example, the spawning sites of fishes producing viscous eggs in shallow lakes are sharply decreased by the disappearance of higher aquatic plants, resulting in a limitation of the replenishment of their resources; in deep-water lakes such as reservoirs and the like, higher aquatic plants cannot grow due to the overlarge water depth, so that the development of fish populations producing viscous eggs is directly limited, the fish diversity is reduced, and the food net structure is incomplete; the eutrophication of water bodies damages the water quality of drinking water sources, endangers the drinking water supply, and even if no algal bloom occurs, the safety risk of the drinking water quality is increased year by year, and other water environment problems are increasingly prominent.
The technology is called fish-vegetable symbiosis technology, the principle is that vegetables are planted through a water surface floating bed, nitrogen and phosphorus are combined into organic compounds through the nitrogen fixing and phosphorus fixing effects of the vegetables, and therefore the nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism starting points and the tail points of closed cultivation are connected through assimilation and absorption of the plants, nitrogen and phosphorus circulation of fish-vegetable symbiosis is formed, the ecological effect of nutrient substance recycling is generated, and partial reduction and degradation of organic nutrient substances of the cultivation water body are achieved on the basis that the cultivation benefit is not affected or the benefit is slightly increased. The fish and vegetable symbiotic culture system is a comprehensive production system constructed by a closed aquaculture system and a cash crop water culture system, and plays the energy and ecological complementarity of two production modes of 'fishing' and 'vegetable', so that the water purification cost is saved, pollution-free green products can be obtained, and the effects of 'no fertilizer application for vegetable planting, no water change for fish culture or little water change for fish culture' are realized.
When the technology of fish-vegetable symbiosis is applied to large lakes and reservoirs, plants are affected by factors such as wind waves, light conditions (water depth) and animal ingestion, the growth conditions are often poor, and the anti-wave coefficient of the floating bed is low, so that the technology is not suitable for large-area popularization and application in lakes and reservoirs to achieve the purpose of improving the water quality of the lake (reservoir) area, and the means such as the biological floating bed technology and the like only have single functions and cannot achieve the purpose of directly controlling small algae.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration, which has a good water quality improvement effect, is simple and convenient to use, and has multiple functions, aiming at the technical problems.
A multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake-reservoir ecological restoration, comprising:
the ecological floating plate repairing device is fixed on the water surface of the lake reservoir in a floating mode, can plant aquatic plants with developed root systems, and provides a spawning place for fishes producing viscous eggs;
the clam three-dimensional hanging-breeding repairing device is hung below the ecological floating plate repairing device and can throw and breed filter-feeding clams;
the biological regulation and control system for the filter-feeding silver carps and bighead carps comprises the silver carps and the bighead carps, wherein the silver carps and the bighead carps are arranged in water areas where the ecological floating plate restoration device and the freshwater mussel three-dimensional hanging culture restoration device are located.
In one embodiment, the ecological floating plate repairing device comprises:
the ecological floating plate structure comprises an external fixing support, a plurality of ecological floating plate structure units and a plurality of ecological floating plate structure units, wherein the plurality of ecological floating plate structure units are distributed in an array manner in the external fixing support; the ecological floating plate structure unit comprises an ecological floating plate body, an internal fixing support and cultivation small holes, the internal fixing support is fixed on the external fixing support, the ecological floating plate body is fixed on the internal fixing support, the cultivation small holes are formed in the ecological floating plate body, and the cultivation small holes are used for cultivating aquatic plants;
the upright columns are fixed on two banks of the lake reservoir; the external fixed bracket is connected with the upright post through a first steel wire rope;
and the floater floats on the water surface and is connected with the upper surface of the external fixed support.
In one embodiment, the external fixing bracket is connected with the ecological floating plate structure unit through a fixing buckle.
In one embodiment, the ecological floating plate structural unit is made of a high polymer material.
In one embodiment, the clam three-dimensional hanging culture and repair device comprises:
the vertical hanging frame is hung below the ecological floating plate repairing device;
the built-in suspension frame is fixed inside the vertical suspension frame and can be used for hanging and cultivating freshwater mussels;
the sinker is fixed on the bottom surface of the lake reservoir, and the bottom of the vertical hanging frame is connected with the sinker through a second steel wire rope.
In one embodiment, a circular ring fastener and a vertical pull rod are arranged in the middle of the built-in hanging frame, the vertical pull rod is connected with the built-in hanging frame through the circular ring fastener, and the upper portion of the vertical pull rod penetrates through the internal fixing support.
The multifunctional artificial habitat system for the lake reservoir ecological restoration can provide an excellent growing place for high-grade aquatic plants and attached organisms thereof in the lake reservoir and can also provide food sources, habitats and shelters for snails, shrimps and small fishes by combining the aquatic plant planting with the hanging culture of filter-feeding freshwater mussels; in addition, higher aquatic plant root hairs also provide a suitable spawning place for fish producing viscous eggs; the mussels can efficiently filter and feed the small algae and various organic debris in different water layers; meanwhile, the silver carp and bighead carp feed is matched with the silver carp and bighead carp proliferation, can realize regulation and control of the water environment of the whole water area, can coordinate water environment treatment of lakes and reservoirs and maintenance of fish resource diversity, and has the advantages of good water quality improvement effect, simplicity and convenience in use, multiple functions and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional artificial habitat system for ecological restoration of lakes and reservoirs according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an ecological floating plate structural unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a state diagram of the use of the multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration, which includes an ecological floating plate restoration device, a mussel three-dimensional hanging cultivation restoration device, and a biological regulation and control system for filter-feeding silver carp and bighead carp.
The ecological floating plate repairing device is fixed on the water surface of the lake reservoir in a floating mode, can plant aquatic plants 9 with developed root systems, and provides a spawning place for fishes producing viscous eggs; the clam three-dimensional hanging-breeding repairing device is hung below the ecological floating plate repairing device and can throw and breed filter-feeding clams; the biological regulation and control system for the filter-feeding silver carps and bighead carps comprises silver carps and bighead carps 16, wherein the silver carps and bighead carps 16 are arranged in water areas where the ecological floating plate restoration device and the freshwater mussel three-dimensional hanging culture restoration device are located.
The ecological floating plate repairing device provides a spawning place for fishes producing sticky eggs, and provides a good habitat and a sufficient bait source for attached snails, shrimps and small fishes, so that the problem that partial fishes in lakes and reservoirs cannot be self-bred due to the fact that the spawning places are lacked because aquatic plants in lakes and reservoirs are greatly reduced due to damage is mainly solved, and a new research idea and a new research method are provided for improving the diversity of aquatic biological resources in lakes and reservoirs. Meanwhile, the invention can realize effective control of various water layers and various algae by means of the clam stereo hanging culture and repair device and the biological regulation and control system of filter-feeding silver carp and bighead carp.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the ecological floating plate restoration device includes: an external fixed support 4, a column 5 and a float 6.
A plurality of ecological floating plate structural units 3 are distributed in the external fixing support 4 in an array manner; the ecological floating plate structure unit 3 comprises an ecological floating plate body, an internal fixing support 8 and cultivation small holes 7, wherein the internal fixing support 8 is fixed on the external fixing support 4, the ecological floating plate body is fixed on the internal fixing support 8, the cultivation small holes 7 are formed in the ecological floating plate body, and the cultivation small holes 7 are used for cultivating aquatic plants 9; the upright posts 5 are fixed on both banks of the lake reservoir; the external fixed bracket 4 is connected with the upright post 5 through a first steel wire rope 2; the float 6 floats on the water surface, and the float 6 is connected with the upper surface of the external fixed bracket 4.
Optionally, the external fixing bracket 4 is connected with the ecological floating plate structure unit 3 through a fixing buckle 1. The ecological floating plate structure unit 3 is made of high polymer materials (such as epoxy resin, polyimide and the like).
In this embodiment, the ecological floating plate repairing device has a specification of 9.1 × 5.5m2(the protection of the invention is not limited to the specification, the actual size depends on the size and depth of the actual lake and reservoir), the ecological floating plate structure unit 3 is 0.8 multiplied by 0.8m2The square structure, the external fixed support 4 is an environment-friendly high polymer material, and is a cylindrical tubular structure with the diameter of 0.1 m. The first wire rope 2 is suspended and fixed on the vertical pile 5, and at the same time, the first wire rope is suspended on the water surface of the lake reservoir by using the floater 6.
In addition, the radius of the cultivation aperture 7 in this embodiment is 2.5cm, the internal fixing support 8 is a cylindrical tubular structure of environment-friendly polymer material with the diameter of 0.1m, the aquatic plant 9 is planted in the cultivation aperture 7, the rootstock of the aquatic plant is directly exposed in the water body, the aquatic plant 9 can be but is not limited to cattail, calamus, canna, allium japonicum, arundo donax, water bamboo and the like with developed root systems, thus, the photosynthesis of the aquatic plant can realize the effective absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the aquatic plant is taken out of the water body by cutting, on one hand, nutrient salts are prevented from entering the water body again due to death and rot of the aquatic plant, on the other hand, secondary pollution caused by using a chemical method to the water body is also prevented, and the problem of water quality deterioration caused by surplus nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts in the lake reservoir can be effectively solved.
It should be noted that in shallow lakes, the types of water bodies are degenerated reversely into algae-type lakes due to the destruction of higher aquatic plants, so that the spawning sites of native fishes disappear, and the biological diversity of the fishes is reduced; the aquatic plants in the deep water reservoir can not survive, the diversity of the fishes is maintained mainly by the proliferation and releasing of native fishes, the problem can be effectively solved by introducing the aquatic plants, the developed root systems of the aquatic plants can provide suitable spawning places for the fishes producing viscous eggs, and the improvement effect on the diversity of aquatic organisms is better maintained and improved. Meanwhile, the developed root system also provides shelter and habitat for the attached growth of snails, shrimps and small fishes. The root system of the plant can also be used as a microbial carrier, has a biofilm function and improves the activity of microbes in water.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the clam three-dimensional hanging culture and repair device includes: a vertical hanging frame 10, an internal hanging frame 11 and a sinker 15.
The vertical hanging frame 10 is hung below the ecological floating plate repairing device; the built-in hanging frame 11 is fixed inside the vertical hanging frame 10, and the built-in hanging frame 11 can hang and breed freshwater mussels 14; the sinker 15 is fixed on the bottom surface of the lake or reservoir, and the bottom of the vertical hanging frame 10 is connected with the sinker 15 through a second steel wire rope 17.
Optionally, a ring buckle 13 and a vertical pull rod 12 are arranged in the middle of the built-in suspension frame 11, the vertical pull rod 12 is connected with the built-in suspension frame 11 through the ring buckle 13, and the upper portion of the vertical pull rod 12 penetrates through the internal fixing support 8. Thus, the vertical lifting of the built-in suspension frame 11 can be achieved.
The assembly mode of the clam three-dimensional hanging-culturing and repairing device provided by the invention is as follows:
the vertical hanging frame 10 may be fixed to the external fixing bracket 4 by a fixing clip, and the built-in hanging frame 11 is installed inside the vertical hanging frame 10 to protect the mussel 14 inside the built-in hanging frame 11. The built-in hanging frame 11 comprises a plurality of mussel hanging and cultivating units, wherein each mussel hanging and cultivating unit is 45cm in width and 25cm in height. The width of the vertical hanging frame 10 is 65 cm. The freshwater mussels 14 are filter feeding freshwater mussels, and can be but are not limited to hyriopsis cumingii, odontophyllum cristatum and other filter feeding freshwater mussels. The filter feeding freshwater mussels in the invention realize the three-dimensional control of the small algae, and meanwhile, the excrement of the filter feeding freshwater mussels can provide sufficient bait sources for the growth of snails, shrimps and small fishes, and can directly improve the regulation of algae in water and nitrogen and phosphorus in the water.
In the biological regulation and control system for filter-feeding silver carps and bighead carps, filter-feeding fishes mainly comprise silver carps and bighead carps 16, the proliferation ratio of the silver carps to the bighead carps 16 is 7: 3-3: 7, the stocking density is 8g/m3To 50g/m3And when the fish is not in the same breeding mode, the breeding specification is large-sized old mouth fish species (which are high in metabolic speed and vigorous in growth), and the specific breeding proportion and breeding amount are determined according to the nutritional state of the current water area type.
Specifically, in eutrophic or super-eutrophic water, the stocking proportion of the silver carps and the bighead carps 16 can be selected from 7:3, and the stocking density can be selected from 50g/m3The stocking proportion of the silver carps and the bighead carps in the oligotrophic water body or the oligotrophic water body can be selected from 3:7, and the stocking density can be 8g/m3In the medium-nutrient water body, the stocking proportion of the silver carps and the bighead carps 16 is properly adjusted according to the type of the water body, and the stocking density can be 12-20g/m3. The content protected by the invention is not limited to the ratio of the silver carp and bighead carp 16 breeding, the quantity of the silver carp and bighead carp 16 breeding and the breeding specification. The released culture of the silver carps and the bighead carps 16 can directly realize the effective control of floating algae, and simultaneously, nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salts in the water body can be adjusted to realize the community regulation and control of the algae.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the experiment is carried out in a certain reservoir branch of a river in the northwest lake region upstream of the Hangzhou thousand island lake, and the area of the experimental water area is 8.44km2The length of the reservoir branch of a river is 9.2km, the average width of the water surface is about 750m, the average water depth is 22.6m, the main reservoir river is Xin' an river, the annual 3-5 months is a rich water period, the load of nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salt is large, according to water quality monitoring, the water quality of the water body of the water area is between II type water and III type water all the year round, and the water body nutritive type is medium nutritive type. In order to further reduce the nutrient load of the incoming water of the Xin' an river on the Qiandao lake, improve the water quality of the Qiandao lake and keep the water quality of the cross section to reach the water quality standard of class II water body in the environmental quality Standard of surface Water (GB 3838-2002). The following measures are adopted to ensure that the water body of the water area reaches the standard, and the water quality and the standard index are shown in the following table 1.
The water area range for the current ecological restoration of the water environment and the fish resources is the whole reservoir branch of a river and is 1km and below the experimental water areaExperiments were performed in 1km and 7.2km water. The radiation range of the single-group multifunctional artificial habitat system is about 1.2km, and 7 groups are arranged in total. Vertical piles are arranged on two banks of the experimental water area, an artificial habitat system is arranged in a middle water area 30m away from the two banks, and the vertical piles fixed on the two banks are connected through steel wire ropes. The length of the single-group artificial habitat system is 650m, the width of the single-group artificial habitat system is 40m, and the vertical height of the single-group artificial habitat system is 12 m. Each ecological floating plate structure unit is 2 multiplied by 2m2And floaters are arranged between the ecological floating plate structural units and are suspended on the water surface. And (5) planting the tall gleditsia sinensis stems and the floral leaf arundo donax linn in the small cultivation holes, and completing planting at the bottom of 8 months. The planting area of the aquatic plant accounts for about 2.16% of the whole experimental water area, developed rootstocks of the aquatic plant are directly exposed under the water surface, the aquatic plant has the purification capacity, the obvious interception effect on nitrogen and phosphorus loads input upstream is achieved, and meanwhile, the water area landscape effect is greatly improved. In the breeding season, a large number of fish eggs such as crucian carps, breams, carps and the like can be seen on the root system of the aquatic plant, snails and shrimps are attached to the external fixing support and the internal fixing support of the ecological floating plate repairing device, and small fishes are foraged in the surrounding water area. In addition, the root system of the plant can also be used as a microbial carrier, has a biofilm function and improves the activity of microbes in water.
The height of each mussel hanging culture unit in the mussel vertical hanging culture repair device is 0.5m, and the length and the width are both 1 m. The hyriopsis cumingii is put into the device for vertically hanging and cultivating and repairing the hyriopsis cumingii, and the specifications of the hyriopsis cumingii are as follows: the shell length is 8.82 + -0.47 cm, the shell width is 2.21 + -0.14 cm, and the mussel weight is 52.96 + -7.55 g. The hyriopsis cumingii hanging culture density is 5-8 units of each hyriopsis cumingii hanging culture unit, the hyriopsis cumingii hanging culture units are placed in the built-in hanging frame and are placed below 0.5m of the water surface of a water body through the vertical pull rod, the interval between the hyriopsis cumingii hanging culture units in the vertical direction is 0.5m, the hyriopsis cumingii hanging culture units are arranged to be 12m deep, the external fixing support is arranged outside the vertical hanging frame, and the external fixing support is connected with the sinker through a steel wire rope and is fixed at the bottom of the reservoir. The efficient filter feeding of (small) algae of different water layers of a water body in the vertical direction is realized by utilizing the filter feeding characteristic of the hyriopsis cumingii.
According to the nutrition state and the water quality type of the experimental water area, 33.76 kilograms of silver carps and bighead carps are thrown into the water area before the whole experiment is started, the ratio of the silver carps to the bighead carps is 1:1, the specifications of the old mouth fish seeds are thrown into the silver carps and the bighead carps, and meanwhile, a certain amount of plagiognathops microlepis are proliferated and released in a matched mode. The silver carp and the bighead carp can further filter and feed algae in a water area without an artificial habitat system, plagiognathops microlepis can feed organic debris, and control of nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salts in a water body is further realized.
Through the series of measures, the water environment is gradually improved, the transparency of the water body is obviously improved, the pH value of the water body is reduced, the self purification capacity of the water body is enhanced, and the recovery of the native fish spawning sites for producing viscous eggs is gradually realized. The ecological indexes before and after the ecological restoration are shown in the following table I:
watch 1
Example two:
the experimental area is selected from Hezhou gehu north water area with the area of about 15km2The water surface is about 7.14km east-west and about 2.11km south-north, and the water area is averagely divided into two sections, each section is about 7.5km, by means of a natural earth dam at the north part of the lake by using a watertight enclosure2The experimental and control zones were set. The water surface of the experimental area and the control area is about 3.57km east and west, the north and south are about 2.11km, and the average water depth is 1.8 m. Higher aquatic plants in lakes influenced by artificial activities gradually disappear, and the water quality of the water area gradually deteriorates due to agricultural irrigation and domestic sewage discharge, so that cyanobacterial bloom is frequent, and the water quality of the water area is between IV-type water and V-type water according to perennial water quality monitoring and displaying, and the water nutrition type is eutrophic. In order to improve the water ecological environment of the area, keep the water quality of the section to reach the water quality standard of the II-type water body in the surface water environmental quality standard (GB3838-2002) and gradually recover the diversity level of the native fishes, the following measures are adopted to ensure that the ecological indexes of the water area reach the standard, and the water quality and the standard index are shown in the following table 2.
The research range for ecological restoration of the water environment and the fish resources is the experimental area of the northern area, and the comparison area is used for comparing the treatment effects of the experimental area. An artificial habitat system is arranged at an interval of 500m in the east-west direction of an experimental area, and a single group of multifunctional artificial plantsThe radiation range of the habitat system is about 500m, 6 groups are arranged, the artificial habitat system is arranged in an intermediate water area 55m away from two banks and connected by using a steel wire rope, the north part of the habitat system is fixed on a vertical pile of a lake bank, and the south part of the habitat system is fixed on a vertical pile of a natural earth dam. The length of the single-group artificial habitat system is about 2km, the width of the single-group artificial habitat system is 20m, and the vertical height of the single-group artificial habitat system is 1.8 m. Each ecological floating plate structure unit is 1 multiplied by 1m2And floaters are arranged between the ecological floating plate structural units and are suspended on the water surface. Planting the water bamboo and the calamus in the small cultivation holes, and completing the planting at the bottom of 8 months and at the beginning of 9 months. The planting area of the aquatic plant accounts for about 3.2% of the whole experimental water area, developed rootstocks of the aquatic plant are directly exposed under the water surface, the aquatic plant has the purification capacity, the obvious interception effect on nitrogen and phosphorus loads input upstream is achieved, and meanwhile, the water area landscape effect is greatly improved. A large number of fish eggs such as crucian carp, megalobrama amblycephala, common carp and plagiognathops microlepis are obviously seen on a plant root system, snails and shrimps are attached to an external fixing support and an internal fixing support of the ecological floating plate, and small fishes in the surrounding water area forage for food. In addition, the root system of the plant can also be used as a microbial carrier, has a biofilm function and improves the activity of microbes in water.
The height of each mussel hanging culture unit is 0.25m, and the length and the width of each mussel hanging culture unit are 0.8 m. Put into in the freshwater mussel device of raising by crane the anodonta woodiana, its specification is: the shell length is 9.15 + -0.33 cm, the shell width is 2.38 + -0.11 cm, and the mussel weight is 59.44 + -6.13 g. The density of the suspended culture of the anodonta woodiana by the angle is 5 units of each unit, the anodonta woodiana is placed in the built-in suspension frame and is placed below 0.25m of the water surface of the water body through the vertical pull rod, 5 layers of units of the anodonta woodiana are arranged in the vertical direction, an external fixed support is arranged outside the unit, and the unit is connected with the sinker through a steel wire rope and is fixed at the bottom of the lake. The efficient utilization of the space for ecological restoration of lakes is realized by utilizing the filter feeding characteristic of the anodonta woodiana.
According to the nutrition state and the water quality type of an experimental water area, 16.875 ten thousand kilograms of silver carps and bighead carps are put into the water area before the whole experiment is started, the ratio of the silver carps to the bighead carps is 3:2, the specifications of old fingerlings are put into the silver carps and the bighead carps, and meanwhile, a certain amount of plagiognathops microlepis and large-eye Hua bream are proliferated and released in a matched mode. The silver carp and bighead carp can further filter and feed algae in a water area without an artificial habitat system, and omnivorous fishes feed organic debris, so that the control of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salt in the water body is further realized.
Through the series of measures, the water environment of the gehu north research water area is gradually improved, the transparency of the water body is obviously improved, the pH value of the water body is reduced, the self purification capacity of the water body is enhanced, and the restoration of the native fish spawning site producing sticky eggs is gradually realized. The ecological indexes before and after the ecological restoration are shown in the following table two:
watch two
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-described examples merely represent several embodiments of the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-functional artificial habitat system for lake-reservoir ecological restoration, characterized by comprising:
the ecological floating plate repairing device is fixed on the water surface of the lake reservoir in a floating mode, can plant aquatic plants (9) with developed root systems, and provides a spawning site for fishes producing viscous eggs;
the clam three-dimensional hanging-breeding repairing device is hung below the ecological floating plate repairing device and can throw and breed filter-feeding clams;
the biological regulation and control system for the filter-feeding silver carps and bighead carps comprises the silver carps and the bighead carps (16), wherein the silver carps and the bighead carps (16) are arranged in water areas where the ecological floating plate restoration device and the freshwater mussel three-dimensional hanging culture restoration device are located.
2. The multifunctional artificial habitat system for ecological restoration of lakes and reservoirs of claim 1, wherein the ecological floating plate restoring means comprises:
the ecological floating plate structure comprises an external fixing support (4), wherein a plurality of ecological floating plate structure units (3) are distributed in an internal array of the external fixing support (4); the ecological floating plate structure unit (3) comprises an ecological floating plate body, an internal fixing support (8) and cultivation small holes (7), the internal fixing support (8) is fixed on the external fixing support (4), the ecological floating plate body is fixed on the internal fixing support (8), the cultivation small holes (7) are formed in the ecological floating plate body, and the cultivation small holes (7) are used for cultivating aquatic plants (9);
the upright columns (5) are fixed on two banks of the lake reservoir; the external fixed bracket (4) is connected with the upright post (5) through a first steel wire rope (2);
the floater (6) floats on the water surface, and the floater (6) is connected with the upper surface of the external fixed support (4).
3. The multifunctional artificial habitat system for ecological restoration of lakes and reservoirs according to claim 2, wherein the external fixing bracket (4) is connected with the ecological floating plate structural unit (3) through a fixing buckle (1).
4. The multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ecological floating plate structural unit (3) is made of a high polymer material.
5. The multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mussel three-dimensional hanging cultivation restoration device comprises:
the vertical hanging frame (10), the vertical hanging frame (10) is hung below the ecological floating plate repairing device;
the built-in suspension frame (11), the built-in suspension frame (11) is fixed inside the vertical suspension frame (10), and the built-in suspension frame (11) can be used for cultivating freshwater mussels (14) in a hanging mode;
the sinker (15) is fixed on the bottom surface of the lake reservoir, and the bottom of the vertical hanging frame (10) is connected with the sinker (15) through a second steel wire rope (17).
6. The multifunctional artificial habitat system for ecological restoration of lakes and reservoirs as claimed in claim 5, wherein a circular buckle (13) and a vertical pull rod (12) are arranged in the middle of the built-in hanging frame (11), the vertical pull rod (12) is connected with the built-in hanging frame (11) through the circular buckle (13), and the upper part of the vertical pull rod (12) passes through the internal fixing bracket (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110659589.6A CN113354092A (en) | 2021-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | Multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110659589.6A CN113354092A (en) | 2021-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | Multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113354092A true CN113354092A (en) | 2021-09-07 |
Family
ID=77534267
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110659589.6A Pending CN113354092A (en) | 2021-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | Multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113354092A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1914999A (en) * | 2005-08-16 | 2007-02-21 | 任红星 | Ecological floating island |
| KR20110031859A (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2011-03-29 | 주식회사 아썸 | An ecological system for restoration of the water-ecology and improvement of the quality of water |
| CN103922478A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-07-16 | 深圳市益水生态科技有限公司 | Method for eutrophication treatment of deepwater of reservoirs |
| CN105621619A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-01 | 济宁市任城区路口渔业专业合作社 | Lakeside wetland aquatics, fishes and benthos water purification system and purification method thereof |
| CN107258651A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-20 | 临沂大学 | A kind of stereo ecological cultivating system of control body eutrophication |
| CN110092481A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-06 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Ecological device and the ecosystem |
| CN112759089A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-05-07 | 安徽水韵环保股份有限公司 | A spiral shell mussel grass intergrowth clean system for ecological remediation of surface water |
-
2021
- 2021-06-15 CN CN202110659589.6A patent/CN113354092A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1914999A (en) * | 2005-08-16 | 2007-02-21 | 任红星 | Ecological floating island |
| KR20110031859A (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2011-03-29 | 주식회사 아썸 | An ecological system for restoration of the water-ecology and improvement of the quality of water |
| CN103922478A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-07-16 | 深圳市益水生态科技有限公司 | Method for eutrophication treatment of deepwater of reservoirs |
| CN105621619A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-01 | 济宁市任城区路口渔业专业合作社 | Lakeside wetland aquatics, fishes and benthos water purification system and purification method thereof |
| CN107258651A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-20 | 临沂大学 | A kind of stereo ecological cultivating system of control body eutrophication |
| CN110092481A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-06 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Ecological device and the ecosystem |
| CN112759089A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-05-07 | 安徽水韵环保股份有限公司 | A spiral shell mussel grass intergrowth clean system for ecological remediation of surface water |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104108797B (en) | A kind of water body purification system by aquatic animals and plants stereoscopic configurations and purifying method thereof | |
| CN100403884C (en) | Method for breeding river crab | |
| CN101962227B (en) | Method for removing water eutrophication | |
| CN203999152U (en) | A kind of water body purification system by aquatic animals and plants stereoscopic configurations | |
| CN103704113B (en) | For the ecological dam device of aquaculture Environmental capacity and restoration of the ecosystem | |
| CN106242064B (en) | Ecological restoration method for high hydraulic load artificial lake shore zone | |
| CN102976492B (en) | Water ecological purification system and method | |
| CN111955387A (en) | Polder area paddy field coupling pond and ditch three-level wetland system | |
| CN104430079A (en) | Vegetable, rice and flower planting and net cage intercropping combination device and method | |
| CN103907558A (en) | Ocean tidal flat original ecology raising method | |
| US20220174916A1 (en) | Ecological conservation system and method for artificial coastal wetland | |
| CN111718076A (en) | Method for treating small water eutrophication in hilly areas | |
| CN112772476A (en) | Marine ecosystem for mangrove planting and coupling bostrichthys sinensis breeding | |
| CN104521654A (en) | Method for managing pool eutrophication by planting rice | |
| Das et al. | Aquaculture resources and practices in a changing environment | |
| Munilkumar et al. | Aquaculture practices in Northeast India: Current status and future directions | |
| CN105613356A (en) | Cage culture technology for sparuslatus | |
| CN203700031U (en) | Aquatic plant cultivation device | |
| CN103435163B (en) | Method for de-eutrophicating sewage draining exits of residential communities | |
| CN104556387B (en) | Water plant breeding apparatus and the method that plant and purifying water body are cultivated with the device | |
| CN113115746B (en) | Dynamic ecological pond device for inhabiting birds and using method thereof | |
| Macintosh | Aquaculture in coastal lagoons | |
| CN113354092A (en) | Multifunctional artificial habitat system for lake and reservoir ecological restoration | |
| CN113598132A (en) | Wild goose and duck friendly fishery ecological breeding system and method | |
| CN214593662U (en) | Mangrove forest coupling Chinese bostrichthys sinensis culture pond |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210907 |