Spare tire groove structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to a spare tire groove structure.
Background
Along with the development trend of light weight in the automobile industry, the automobile enterprises generally adopt the thinning of the thickness of parts and the reduction of weight during the design, thereby improving the dynamic property and the economical efficiency of vehicles. The size of the vehicle spare tire groove is generally larger, and with the implementation of a light-weight means for reducing the material thickness, a local low-order mode is easily generated to cause resonance, generate noise, reduce NVH performance, reduce reliability and durability and prolong the service life of a vehicle.
The resonance can be avoided by the following technical methods: the natural vibration frequency is changed by changing the material thickness of the material; the rigidity of the part is effectively improved by adding the reinforcing piece; the forward of the vibration wave is blocked by reasonably arranging the characteristic ribs. According to the technical scheme, the weight of the whole vehicle is increased by increasing the material thickness, and the development trend of light weight is not met; the addition of the reinforcing part can increase the mass of the whole automobile and can increase the investment cost of a stamping die and a welding clamp; the difficulty of realizing the stamping process can be increased due to the high requirement on the depth of the reinforcing ribs, and the consistency of products is reduced.
Typical prior art techniques are for example: chinese patent document CN102785714A discloses "a reinforcing structure for spare tire grooves on rear floor of car" at 11/21/2012, which is characterized in that: the reinforcing structure is that the spare tire groove is in a shape of a tendency closing-up from front to back; a T-shaped rib is arranged by taking the spare tire installation point as a center, and line ribs with equal-width gaps are uniformly distributed at the rear end of the spare tire installation point; being equipped with the straight line muscle around spare tyre mounting point, owing to adopt above-mentioned structure, this additional strengthening has following advantage: 1. the resonance phenomenon of a spare tire groove in the running process of the automobile is avoided at lower cost, and the NVH performance of the whole automobile is improved; 2. the stamping process is easy to realize, and is worthy of industrial popularization and application. Chinese patent document CN105835959A discloses "an automobile rear floor spare tire groove structure" in 2016, 8 months and 10 days, which includes: a rear floor (1) of the vehicle; a spare tire groove (2) which is arranged on the rear floor (1) of the automobile and is downwards concave; wherein the spare tire groove (2) comprises: a semi-circular front portion; a middle part extending outwards along the tangential direction of two ends of the semicircle; a rear portion extending outwardly from the end of the central portion and closing in; the middle point (21) of the circle at the front part is used as the center to be provided with the T-shaped rib (3) which is in a transmitting shape, the middle part and the rear part of the spare tire groove (2) are provided with at least two transverse convex ribs (4), the stamping forming process is simple, the rigidity and the mode of the spare tire groove (2) can be obviously improved, the resonance phenomenon is avoided, the rear collision is facilitated, the self sufficient deformation energy absorption is realized, and the purpose of protecting an oil tank and passengers is achieved. Chinese patent document CN108082307A discloses "a spare tire groove" in 2018, 5.29.s, which includes a support plate, an upper flange and a lower flange, the edge of the support plate is alternately provided with the upper flange and the lower flange, the top of the support plate is provided with a T-shaped groove, one side of the top of the support plate, which is located at the T-shaped groove, is provided with an elongated groove, the bottom of the support plate, which is directly opposite to the elongated groove, is provided with a reinforcing groove, two sides of the top of the support plate are symmetrically provided with grooves, one end of each groove is provided with a liquid leakage hole, two corresponding ends of the T-shaped groove are respectively provided with a positioning hole, the support plate, the upper flange and the lower flange are in an integrated structure, and the spare tire groove is formed by stamping one plate, so that the weight of the whole vehicle is reduced, and the light weight of the vehicle body is facilitated; meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of the bicycle is reduced, the upper flanging and the lower flanging are alternately arranged at the edge of the supporting plate, the rigidity of the spare tire groove is enhanced, the T-shaped groove, the long-shaped groove, the reinforcing groove and the groove are arranged, the supporting plate is prevented from being broken in the using process, and the problem of resonance cracking can be avoided.
Aiming at the analysis of the prior art, the problem of resonance of a spare tire groove in the driving process of an automobile is expected to be avoided by adopting a mode of adding complex characteristic ribs. Three drawbacks still exist: 1, the prior art does not fully identify a reasonable design form of the reinforcing rib, and the feasibility of a design scheme is repeatedly verified by means of CAE simulation, so that the shortage of design resources is easily caused. The reason is that the spare tire groove is influenced by arrangement and has various design schemes with different depths, the scheme with shallow spare tire groove depth has compact structure due to the circumference lap joint, the influence of the circumference lap joint structural part on the spare tire groove mode is larger than that of the characteristic rib, the reinforcing rib meeting the local mode is easy to manufacture, and more reinforcing rib modes are selected under the state. Along with the increase of spare tyre groove degree of depth, the relevance of spare tyre groove bottom with the surrounding overlap joint structure is lower and lower, and the local mode of spare tyre groove receives the influence grow of bottom muscle or bottom reinforcement, and the strengthening rib mode more has the commonality under this state. 2, the prior art does not fully consider the scheme of vehicle body weight reduction. The reason is that the local mode of the spare tire groove does not reach the target value, the simplest and most direct scheme is to add a support, connect the bottom of the spare tire groove with a beam frame structure, and improve the local mode of the spare tire groove through the stability of the beam frame. Or a reinforcing plate is added at the bottom of the spare tire groove to reinforce the connection between the bottom of the spare tire groove and the side wall, similarly to increase the local material thickness, so as to promote the local mode. 3, the unreasonable arrangement of the ribs of the spare tire groove cannot be fully considered in the prior art, so that the manufacturing difficulty can be increased. The reason is that most of the existing spare tire groove ribs are arranged to extend from the center to the side wall of the spare tire groove in a radial mode, and in order to improve the height of the local mode, reduce the characteristic R angle of the rib, overlap a plurality of ribs and the like, the measures are powerful in improving the local mode and are not beneficial to manufacturing a mold. For a sheet metal part with a characteristic fall, the transition of an R angle needs to be smooth so as to facilitate the flowing of steel materials in the stamping process, the height of the rib is increased, the characteristic R angle of the rib is reduced, the measures of overlapping a plurality of ribs conflict with a reasonable stamping mode, the risk of cracking and wrinkling of parts is increased, and in order to realize certain complex characteristics, the number of dies needs to be increased for multiple times of stamping so as to realize the design state.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention provides a spare tire groove structure, provides a scheme which is simple in design and manufacture and light in weight, improves the local mode of the spare tire groove, and avoids the problem of spare tire groove resonance in the driving process of an automobile.
For convenience of description of the orientation, the three-axis direction X, Y, Z in the three-dimensional coordinate system is hereinafter referred to as the orientation, and the front-back direction is the X direction, the left-right direction is the Y direction, and the up-down direction is the Z direction when the driver is seated in the vehicle.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a spare tire groove structure comprises a first plane extending along the X direction and the Y direction, wherein a groove body which is recessed downwards towards the Z direction is arranged on the first plane, the groove bottom is a second plane extending along the X direction and the Y direction, the shape of the second plane is a composite shape, the front side of the X direction is semicircular, the rear side of the X direction is rectangular, the side wall of the groove is a third curved surface extending along the Z direction, the third curved surface is connected with the first plane and the second plane at least at the two sides of the Y direction and the front side of the X direction, at least an upwards-protruding reinforcing rib is arranged on the second plane, and the reinforcing rib at least comprises a middle reinforcing rib; the middle reinforcing rib is H-shaped, two H-shaped longitudinal ribs extend along the Y direction, and one transverse rib extends along the X direction.
Preferably, two longitudinal ribs of the H-shape of the middle reinforcing rib extend along the Y direction until two sides of the Y direction of the second plane.
Preferably, the protruding height of the middle reinforcing rib is 8-15 mm, the X-direction width of two H-shaped longitudinal ribs is 70-80 mm, and the Y-direction width of one H-shaped transverse rib is 110-130 mm.
Preferably, the reinforcing ribs further include a front side reinforcing rib located at the forward end of the second plane X; the front reinforcing rib comprises two connected parts, the front part is convexly arranged at the X-direction front end of the second plane, the rear part is convexly arranged at the X-direction front end of the third curved surface, and the X-direction rear side edge of the front reinforcing rib extends along the Y-direction.
Preferably, the height of the front reinforcing rib is 8-15 mm, and the maximum value of the X-direction width is 50-100 mm.
Preferably, the reinforcing ribs further include a rear reinforcing rib located at a rear end of the second plane X; the rear reinforcing rib extends along a Y-direction straight line, intersects with two Y-direction side edges of the second plane and continues to extend upwards along the third curved surface to a Z-direction side edge of the third curved surface.
Preferably, the height of the protrusion of the rear reinforcing rib is 8-15 mm, and the width in the X direction is 80-120 mm.
Preferably, the reinforcing ribs further comprise side wall reinforcing ribs positioned on the third curved surface, the side wall reinforcing ribs are linear extending up and down along the Y direction, are arranged between the front side reinforcing ribs and the rear side reinforcing ribs on the third curved surface, and have lengths corresponding to the Z-direction height of the third curved surface.
Preferably, the height of the protrusions of the side wall reinforcing ribs is 8-15 mm, and the width in the X direction is 50-100 mm.
Preferably, through liquid leakage holes are formed among the front reinforcing rib, the middle reinforcing rib and the rear reinforcing rib and between two H-shaped longitudinal convex ribs of the middle reinforcing rib.
The spare tire groove structure comprises a first plane extending along the X direction and the Y direction; the first plane is sunken downwards along the Z direction to form a groove body, the groove bottom extends along the X direction and the Y direction to form a second plane, the shape of the second plane is semicircular at the front part in the X direction, the rear part in the X direction is rectangular, and the diameter of the semicircle is overlapped with the front side edge of the rectangle; the lower side of the groove side wall is superposed with the side of the second plane, and the upper side is connected with the first plane to form a third curved surface. The reinforcing ribs are designed on each surface, and particularly, the front reinforcing rib, the middle reinforcing rib and the rear reinforcing rib are designed on the second plane in sequence from the front to the rear in the X direction.
The front reinforcing rib is positioned at the forefront of the second plane and comprises two parts which are connected with each other, wherein one part is protruded at the front end of the second plane X in the direction of the X direction, one part is protruded at the front end of the third curved surface in the direction of the X direction, and the protrusion extends in the direction of the X direction rear side edge Y of the front end part of the second plane X until the protrusion intersects with the third curved surface. This design is characterized by: and meanwhile, the punching die is arranged on the second plane and the third curved surface, so that the depth of a punching easy-cracking area is reduced, and the punching quality is improved. The upper surface of the rib is a plane in contact with the spare tire groove, and the large plane is in contact with the spare tire groove, so that the friction resistance is increased, and the storage stability of the spare tire or the interior trim part is facilitated.
The shape of the middle reinforcing rib is obviously different from that of the prior art, the middle reinforcing rib is H-shaped, two longitudinal convex ribs of the H-shaped extend along the Y direction until two sides of the Y direction of the second plane, and one transverse convex rib extends along the X direction and is connected with the two longitudinal convex ribs of the H-shaped. This design is characterized by: the middle reinforcing rib is imitated to form a structural beam, so that the influence of a circumferential structural member on the mode of the spare tire groove is reduced, vibration waves are effectively isolated, low-order resonance is avoided, the design of the spare tire groove rib is more universal, the arrangement mode of the rib can meet spare tire grooves with different depths, and the CAE simulation verification times are reduced especially under the condition that the depth of the spare tire groove is larger; by reasonably arranging the H-shaped spare tire groove ribs, the local mode is improved, the manufacturing difficulty is not increased, and the weight of the whole vehicle is not increased; compared with the traditional central radial characteristic rib, the height of the rib can be reduced, the fillet of the rib can be increased on the premise of realizing the same local mode, the stamping is facilitated, the number of dies can be reduced even, and the weight reduction and cost reduction are realized. In addition, the structural design is favorable for the crumple deformation of the spare tire groove in the rear collision, and the energy generated by the collision is absorbed, so that the purpose of protecting passengers is achieved; the design that two vertical protruding muscle are extended along Y to arranging has avoided the long-pending gas of the protruding muscle of spare tyre tank bottom, and the electrophoresis lacquer can be attached to the floor lower surface in back completely, increases the corrosion protection ability on automobile body floor, prolongs the life of vehicle.
The rear reinforcing rib extends along the Y direction, penetrates through the Y direction of the second plane, and continues to extend upwards on the third curved surface until the Z-direction side edge of the third curved surface. This design is characterized by: the Y-direction two sides of the rear end of the second plane are traversed, the depth of the easy-cracking area is reduced, and the stamping quality is improved. The upper surface of the rib is a plane in contact with the spare tire groove, and the large plane is in contact with the spare tire groove, so that the friction resistance is increased, and the storage stability of the spare tire or the interior trim part is facilitated.
In addition, a plurality of side wall reinforcing ribs are designed between the front reinforcing rib and the rear reinforcing rib of the third curved surface, and the side wall reinforcing ribs extend up and down along the Z direction and correspond to the Z direction width of the third curved surface. The side wall reinforcing ribs can be used as the extensions of two H-shaped longitudinal convex ribs of the middle reinforcing rib on the third curved surface, and can also be arranged independently.
The end faces of the ribs on the second plane should generally be at the same height, and the ribs and portions of the ribs on the third curved surface should generally have the same protrusion height to accommodate the placement of a spare tire or other interior trim component. The width of the reinforcing rib can be approximately regarded as the width of the end face of the reinforcing rib, and the proper end face width can form a good contact effect and has an anti-skid effect.
In addition, in order to ensure that the electrophoretic liquid in the spare tire groove flows fully and does not generate liquid accumulation, the electrophoretic liquid is ensured to be uniformly attached to the panel to form a protective layer with certain thickness, liquid leakage holes can be designed among all reinforcing ribs on the second plane, and the quantity is determined by a person skilled in the art according to design requirements.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the scheme which is simple in design and manufacture and light in weight is provided, the local mode of the spare tire groove is improved, and the problem of spare tire groove resonance of the automobile in the driving process is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the invention in cooperation with peripheral components.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prior art structure.
Wherein: the reinforced beam comprises L1 front side reinforcing ribs, L2 middle reinforcing ribs, L3 rear side reinforcing ribs, L4 side wall reinforcing ribs, S1 first planes, S2 second planes, S3 third curved surfaces, T1 rear floors, T2 left longitudinal beams, T3 spare tire grooves, T4 right longitudinal beams and T5 reinforced cross beams.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
The embodiment is a spare tire groove structure, which is applied to a certain electric automobile.
Referring to fig. 1, the spare tire groove structure of the present embodiment, which is made by stamping a sheet metal part, structurally includes three main surfaces: a first plane S1, a second plane S2, and a third curved surface S3. The first plane S1 extends in the X and Y directions and is fixed to other adjacent components. The first plane S1 is provided with a groove body sinking downwards in the Z direction, the groove bottom is a second plane S2 extending along the X direction and the Y direction, the second plane S2 is in a composite shape, the front part in the X direction is in a semicircular shape, the rear part in the X direction is in a rectangular shape, and the diameter of the semicircular shape is overlapped with the front side edge of the rectangular shape. The second plane S2 is mainly used for carrying a spare tire, or can be used for carrying a spare tire after fixing some interior trim parts. The second plane S2 and the first plane S1 are in a parallel relationship in the Z direction. Connecting the second plane S2 and the first plane S1 is the groove side wall of the spare tire groove, the surface of the groove side wall is the third curved surface S3, the lower part of the groove side wall is connected with the side edge of the second plane S2 and extends upwards along the Z direction until the top of the groove side wall is connected with the first plane S1.
On the second plane S2, three protruding reinforcing ribs are designed, which are a front reinforcing rib L1, a middle reinforcing rib L2 and a rear reinforcing rib L3. The front reinforcing rib L1 is located at the front end of the second plane S2 and includes two portions connected to each other, a portion protruding from the X-direction front end of the second plane S2, a portion protruding from the X-direction front end of the third curved surface S3, and a portion extending from the X-direction front end portion of the second plane S2 to the X-direction rear side edge Y until intersecting the third curved surface S3. The protruding heights of the front reinforcing ribs L1 on the second plane S2 and the third curved surface S3 are both 8-15 mm, and the protruding heights are 10mm in the example; the maximum value of the X-direction width ranges from 50 mm to 100mm, and the value of the embodiment is 80 mm. The shape of the middle reinforcing rib L2 protruding on the second plane S2 is similar to the shape of an capital English letter 'H', two longitudinal reinforcing ribs of the 'H' shape extend along the Y direction until two Y-direction side edges of the second plane S2, and one transverse reinforcing rib extends along the X direction and is connected with the two longitudinal reinforcing ribs of the 'H' shape. The protrusion height of the middle reinforcing rib L2 is 8-15 mm, and in this example, the protrusion height is 10 mm; the X-direction width of the two H-shaped longitudinal convex ribs is 70-80 mm, in this case 70 mm; the Y-direction width of one transverse convex rib of the H shape is 110-130 mm, in this case 130 mm. The rear reinforcing rib L3 is linear, extends in the Y direction, penetrates the Y direction of the second plane S2, and continues to extend upward on the third curved surface S3 up to the Z-direction side of the third curved surface S3. The protruding heights of the rear reinforcing ribs L3 on the second plane S2 and the third curved surface S3 are both 8-15 mm, and the protruding heights are 10mm in the example; the width in the X direction is 80-120 mm, in this case 100 mm.
In addition to the above ribs, a plurality of side wall ribs L4 are designed between the front rib L1 and the rear rib L3 of the third curved surface S3. The side wall reinforcing ribs L4 extend up and down in the Z direction, corresponding to the Z-direction width of the third curved surface S3. In this example, the number of the side wall reinforcing ribs L4 is 4, and the positions thereof correspond to the positions where the two vertical ribs of the "H" shape of the middle reinforcing rib L2 intersect with the two Y-direction sides of the second plane S2, so that the two vertical ribs of the "H" shape of the middle reinforcing rib L2 can also be regarded as extending on the third curved surface S3. The height of the protrusions of the side wall reinforcing ribs L4 on the third curved surface S3 is 10mm, and the width in the X direction is 50-100 mm, in this example 70 mm.
And through liquid leakage holes K are formed among the front reinforcing rib L1, the middle reinforcing rib L2, the rear reinforcing rib L3 and the two H-shaped longitudinal convex ribs of the middle reinforcing rib L2 so that electrophoresis liquid can pass through the holes during electrophoresis operation.
As shown in fig. 2, in the manufacturing process of the spare tire groove structure of this embodiment, the left longitudinal beam T2, the right longitudinal beam T4 and the reinforcing cross beam T5 are welded to form an i-shaped structure, the rear floor T1 is welded into the front notch of the i-shaped structure, and the spare tire groove T3 is welded into the rear notch of the i-shaped structure. The cross-sectional shapes of the left longitudinal beam T2 and the right longitudinal beam T4 are U-shaped with openings at the upper parts. If the rear floor T1 and the spare tire groove T3 are integrally stamped and formed, an i-shaped structure can be welded together with the integrally formed rear floor T1 and the spare tire groove T3 at the same time.
A typical spare tire well configuration with radial ribs in the center is shown in fig. 3. Compared with CAE simulation verification of the applicant, the local mode of the structure shown in the figure 3 is 60Hz, the local mode of the structure of the embodiment is 68.5Hz, on the premise of not increasing parts and changing material thickness, the local mode is improved by 14.1 percent by only changing the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs, a good design effect is obtained, meanwhile, the stamping difficulty and the design difficulty are reduced, the test cracking risk of a spare tire groove is reduced, the NVH performance of the whole vehicle is improved, and the method is worthy of industrial popularization and application.