CN113351550A

CN113351550A - Heat treatment process for component

Info

Publication number: CN113351550A
Application number: CN202110703704.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱泉
Original assignee: Jiangyin Hanzhou Special Steel Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangyin Hanzhou Special Steel Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-24
Filing date: 2021-06-24
Publication date: 2021-09-07

Abstract

The invention provides a heat treatment process of a component. The heat treatment process of the component comprises cleaning and descaling, and cleaning and descaling operation is carried out on the component by using cleaning and descaling equipment; preheating the component, namely conveying the component into a heat treatment furnace for drying and preheating; solid solution treatment, namely heating the component to 1050-1150 ℃, and then performing water quenching, wherein the main purpose is to dissolve carbide in austenite and keep the state to room temperature; stabilizing, namely heating the component to 850-880 ℃, preserving heat and then cooling in air; and (3) stress relief treatment, namely heating the component to 300-350 ℃ and tempering. The invention cleans and descales the component before the heat treatment, and removes the dirt on the surface, thereby improving the quality of the component after the heat treatment, improving the qualification rate and prolonging the service life.

Description

Heat treatment process for component

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment, and particularly relates to a heat treatment process of a component.

Background

The heat treatment is a metal hot processing technology for changing the chemical components and structures on the surface or in the material to obtain the required performance by heating, heat preservation and cooling the metal material in a solid state. The general components are made of common steel materials, and are subjected to heat treatment before being processed and used, and are generally sent to a heat treatment furnace for quenching and tempering treatment so as to improve the performance and the service life of the components.

After the components are produced, some components cannot be processed and used in time, dust and residual stains can fall on the surfaces of the components, and the internal structures of the components can be damaged when the components carry the dust and the stains and are subjected to heat treatment, so that the quality and the service life of the components are reduced, some components cannot be used directly, and the qualification rate is reduced.

Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a heat treatment process for a member.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a heat treatment process of a component, which aims to solve the problem of the heat treatment process of the component in the prior art.

The heat treatment process of the component provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

a. cleaning and descaling, namely cleaning and descaling the component by using cleaning and descaling equipment;

b. preheating the component, namely conveying the component into a heat treatment furnace for drying and preheating;

c. solid solution treatment, namely heating the component to 1050-1150 ℃, and then performing water quenching, wherein the main purpose is to dissolve carbide in austenite and keep the state to room temperature;

d. stabilizing, namely heating the component to 850-880 ℃, preserving heat and then cooling in air;

e. and (3) stress relief treatment, namely heating the component to 300-350 ℃ and tempering.

Preferably, during the process of cleaning and descaling the components, the components are sequentially subjected to wetting washing, brushing and washing operations by using the conveying components of the cleaning and descaling equipment during the conveying process of the components, so that impurities on the surfaces of the components are removed, and the components can be continuously cleaned and descaled.

Preferably, during the preheating process of the component, the component is sent to a heat treatment furnace with an opened furnace door, and the component is dried and preliminarily preheated by opening the heat treatment furnace to generate high temperature in the furnace.

Preferably, when the component is taken out for natural cooling after the solution treatment of the component is finished, the air flow can be accelerated by an external blowing device to dissipate the heat of the component.

Washing scale removal equipment in the thermal treatment process of component, wash scale removal equipment including wasing the case, wash the passageway, the cleaning roller, hollow rod, the shower nozzle, the stock solution chamber, collect chamber and water conservancy diversion chamber, a washing passageway for the component is current transversely seted up in the washing case, a cleaning roller and hollow rod for carrying out the washing to the component are installed in wasing the passageway, and the shower nozzle install on hollow rod and rather than inside intercommunication, the stock solution chamber is all seted up in wasing incasement portion with collecting the chamber, and wash the passageway and pass through water conservancy diversion chamber and collect the chamber intercommunication, install direction subassembly and infusion subassembly on the washing case.

Preferably, the guide assembly comprises U-shaped plates and guide rollers, the two U-shaped plates are symmetrically and fixedly installed in the cleaning channel, the cleaning roller and the hollow rod are located between the two U-shaped plates, the two groups of guide rollers are installed in the two U-shaped plates respectively, and the two groups of guide rollers are driven by the guide motors and rotate towards the same direction.

Preferably, the infusion set includes transfer pump, pipette and transfer line, and the transfer pump is installed in the stock solution chamber, and the pipette is installed on the transfer pump, and the transfer pump passes through transfer line and hollow pole intercommunication.

Preferably, set up the opening with the liquid reserve chamber intercommunication on the inner wall in collection chamber, and install filtering component in the opening, filtering component includes the rose box, the hole that leaks, the filter screen, filter pulp and case lid, the rose box is installed inside the opening, two sets of holes that leak are seted up respectively in the rose box be on the lateral wall of both sides and rather than inside intercommunication, two filter screens symmetry are inserted and are located the rose box and be close to two sets of holes settings that leak respectively, filter pulp is filled inside the rose box and is located between two filter screens, the case lid rotates to be connected in the upper end opening part of rose box.

Preferably, the bottom of wasing the case is installed the supporting component, and the supporting component includes support column, threaded sleeve, rubber connecting block and locking universal wheel, and two sets of support column symmetry fixed mounting are on the downside lateral wall of wasing the case, and two sets of threaded sleeve overlap respectively locate the lower extreme of two sets of support columns and rather than threaded connection, and two sets of locking universal wheels all pass through rubber connecting block fixed mounting in two sets of threaded sleeve's lower extreme.

Preferably, the openings at two ends of the cleaning channel are respectively provided with a blocking cloth.

Compared with the related art, the heat treatment process of the component provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention cleans and descales the component before the heat treatment, and removes the dirt on the surface, thereby improving the quality of the component after the heat treatment, improving the qualification rate and prolonging the service life;

2. the cleaning device has the advantages that the two cleaning rollers are arranged for cleaning the components one above the other, so that the cleaning and descaling of the components are more comprehensive, the two groups of spray heads are used for washing the components, one group of spray heads is mainly used for washing and wetting the surfaces of the components, and the other group of spray heads is used for washing impurities remained on the surfaces of the components after the components are cleaned by the cleaning rollers;

3. according to the invention, the liquid storage cavity is communicated with the collection cavity through the through opening, so that the waste liquid is filtered by the filtering component and then enters the liquid storage cavity again for reuse, and the waste liquid is reused after being filtered, thereby reducing the cost;

4. the cleaning box is supported by the supporting assembly, the locking universal wheel is arranged, so that the cleaning box can be conveniently moved, transported and braked, when the ground is uneven, the length of the supporting assembly can be adjusted by rotating the threaded sleeve, the cleaning box is kept in a horizontal state, the cleaning box is prevented from inclining due to unevenness of the ground, meanwhile, the rubber connecting block has certain elasticity, and when the locking universal wheel is matched with the locking universal wheel pushing device to move and transport, the impact force of the device can be relieved by the rubber connecting block, so that parts in the cleaning box can be protected;

5. the opening of the cleaning channel is sealed by the blocking cloth, so that the cleaning liquid is prevented from splashing out of the cleaning channel in the component cleaning process.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cleaning and descaling device in a heat treatment process of a member provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cleaning tank shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the hollow bar of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the guide assembly shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the filter assembly of FIG. 2;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the support assembly shown in fig. 1.

Reference numbers in the figures: 11. a cleaning tank; 12. cleaning the channel; 13. cleaning the roller; 14. a hollow shaft; 15. a spray head; 16. a liquid storage cavity; 17. a collection chamber; 18. a flow guide cavity; 2. a guide assembly; 21. a U-shaped plate; 22. a guide roller; 23. a baffle plate; 3. a fluid delivery assembly; 31. an infusion pump; 32. a pipette; 33. a transfusion tube; 4. a port; 5. a filter assembly; 51. a filter box; 52. a water leakage hole; 53. a filter screen; 54. filtering cotton; 55. a box cover; 6. a support assembly; 61. a support pillar; 62. a threaded bushing; 63. a rubber connecting block; 64. locking the universal wheel; 7. and (7) blocking cloth.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. The embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and structural, methodological, or functional changes made by those skilled in the art according to the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.

In the specific implementation process, the heat treatment process of the component comprises the following steps:

a. cleaning and descaling, wherein a cleaning and descaling device is used for cleaning and descaling the component, in the process of cleaning and descaling the component, a conveying component of the cleaning and descaling device is used for sequentially carrying out wetting washing, scrubbing and washing operations on the component in the conveying process of the component, so that impurities on the surface of the component are removed, the impurities and dirt on the surface of the component can be well taken out, meanwhile, the component can be continuously cleaned and descaled, and the dirt attached to the surface of the component is removed through the cleaning and descaling device, so that the subsequent heat treatment processing of the component is facilitated;

b. preheating the component, namely conveying the component into a heat treatment furnace for drying and preheating, drying the surface moisture of the component, and simultaneously preheating the workpiece so as to be beneficial to the subsequent heat treatment processing of the component; in the process of preheating the component, the component is conveyed into a heat treatment furnace with an opened furnace door, the heat treatment furnace is opened to generate high temperature in the furnace to dry and preliminarily preheat the component, and hot gas carrying moisture is discharged from a furnace opening in the process of drying and preheating the component by the heat treatment furnace with the opened furnace door to dry the component;

c. and (3) performing solution treatment, namely heating the component to 1050-1150 ℃, and then performing water quenching, wherein the main purpose is to dissolve carbide in austenite and keep the state to room temperature, so that the corrosion resistance of the steel is greatly improved. As described above, in order to prevent intergranular corrosion, usually, a solutionizing treatment is employed in which Cr23C6 is dissolved in austenite and then rapidly cooled. The thin-wall part can be cooled by air, and the thin-wall part is cooled by water in general;

d. stabilizing treatment, which is generally carried out after solution treatment and is commonly used for 18-8 steel containing Ti and Nb, after the solution treatment, heating the steel to 850-880 ℃, preserving heat and then cooling in air, wherein the cr carbide is completely dissolved and removed, the titanium carbide is not completely dissolved and is fully precipitated in the cooling process, so that the carbon cannot form latticed carbide any more, and intercrystalline corrosion is effectively eliminated;

e. and (3) stress relief treatment, wherein the stress relief treatment is a heat treatment process for relieving residual stress of the steel after cold machining or welding, and tempering is generally carried out by heating to 300-350 ℃. For the steel without stabilizing elements Ti and Nb, the heating temperature is not more than 450t so as to prevent chromium carbide from precipitating to cause intercrystalline corrosion. For cold-processed parts and welded parts of ultra-low carbon and Ti and Nb stainless steel, heating at 500-950 ℃, then slowly cooling, eliminating stress (the upper limit temperature is taken for eliminating welding stress), and reducing intergranular corrosion tendency and improving the stress corrosion resistance of the steel.

It should be noted that: after the components are produced, some components cannot be processed and used in time, dust and residual stains can fall on the surfaces of the components, the internal structures of the components can be damaged when the components carry the dust and the stains to be subjected to heat treatment, so that the quality and the service life of the components are reduced, some components cannot be directly used, and the qualification rate is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the cleaning and descaling device comprises a cleaning box 11, a cleaning channel 12, a cleaning roller 13, a hollow rod 14, a spray head 15, a liquid storage cavity 16, a collecting cavity 17 and a flow guide cavity 18, wherein the cleaning channel 12 for the passage of components is transversely arranged in the cleaning box 11, the cleaning roller 13 and the hollow rod 14 for cleaning the components are arranged in the cleaning channel 12, the spray head 15 is arranged on the hollow rod 14 and communicated with the inside of the hollow rod 14, the liquid storage cavity 16 and the collecting cavity 17 are both arranged in the cleaning box 11, the cleaning channel 12 is communicated with the collecting cavity 17 through the flow guide cavity 18, and a transfusion component 3 is arranged in the liquid storage cavity 16;

it should be noted that: when cleaning and descaling the component by using cleaning and descaling equipment, the component is placed on the guide assembly 2 to drive the component to clean the interior of the channel 12, the liquid storage cavity 16 conveys cleaning liquid to the interior of the hollow rod 14 through the infusion assembly 3, the cleaning liquid is sprayed to the surface of the component through the spray head 15, and then the surface of the component is scrubbed through the cleaning roller 13, so that the cleaning speed is high, the working efficiency is high, the component is not required to be cleaned and descaled manually by workers, the working efficiency is greatly improved, and waste liquid under cleaning flow flows into the collecting cavity 17 through the flow guide cavity 18 to be stored so as to be treated subsequently;

wherein, the quantity of cleaning roller 13 is two, and two cleaning roller 13 symmetries set up, and two cleaning roller 13 pass through driving motor drive and opposite direction and rotate, and two cleaning roller 13 are once cleaned the brush to the component, make the washing scale removal of component more comprehensive.

Wherein, the quantity of hollow pole 14 is two sets of, and the shower nozzle 15 on the two hollow poles 14 of every group sets up relatively, and two sets of hollow poles 14 are installed respectively in the both sides of cleaning roller 13, and two sets of shower nozzles 15 are washed the component operation, and a set of mainly washes and wets the component surface, and another group is used for the component to wash the back through cleaning roller 13, washes the impurity that remains on its surface totally.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, a guide assembly 2 is mounted on the cleaning tank 11, the guide assembly 2 comprises U-shaped plates 21 and guide rollers 22, the two U-shaped plates 21 are symmetrically and fixedly mounted in the cleaning channel 12, the cleaning roller 13 and the hollow rod 14 are located between the two U-shaped plates 21, the two groups of guide rollers 22 are respectively mounted in the two U-shaped plates 21, and the two groups of guide rollers 22 are both driven by a guide motor and rotate in the same direction;

it should be noted that: the components are placed on the guide roller 22 on one of the U-shaped plates 21, the guide roller 22 drives the components to enter the cleaning channel 12, the guide roller 22 on the other U-shaped plate 21 drives the components to leave the cleaning channel 12, and the cleaning roller 13 and the spray head 15 clean and descale the parts of the components which are directly positioned on the two U-shaped plates 21.

Referring to fig. 4, a baffle plate 23 is fixedly installed at one end of each of the two U-shaped plates 21 located at the cleaning channel 12, and an opening at one end of each of the two U-shaped plates 21 close to the outer side is sealed by the baffle plate 23, so that wastewater is prevented from flowing to the ground from the opening of the U-shaped plate 21 in the component cleaning process.

Referring to fig. 2, the infusion set 3 comprises an infusion pump 31, a pipette 32 and an infusion tube 33, the infusion pump 31 is installed in the liquid storage chamber 16, the pipette 32 is installed on the infusion pump 31, and the infusion pump 31 is communicated with the hollow rod 14 through the infusion tube 33;

it should be noted that: the infusion pump 31 sucks the cleaning liquid stored in the liquid storage chamber 16 through the liquid suction pipe 32, then sends the cleaning liquid into the hollow rod 14 through the liquid conveying pipe 33, and the spray head 15 sprays the cleaning liquid to wash the component.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, a through opening 4 communicated with the liquid storage cavity 16 is formed in the inner wall of the collection cavity 17, a filter assembly 5 is installed in the through opening 4, the filter assembly 5 comprises a filter box 51, water leakage holes 52, filter screens 53, filter cotton 54 and a box cover 55, the filter box 51 is installed inside the through opening 4, the two groups of water leakage holes 52 are respectively formed in the side walls of the two sides of the filter box 51 and communicated with the inside of the filter box 51, the two filter screens 53 are symmetrically inserted into the filter box 51 and respectively arranged close to the two groups of water leakage holes 52, the filter cotton 54 is filled in the filter box 51 and located between the two filter screens 53, and the box cover 55 is rotatably connected to an opening at the upper end of the filter box 51;

it should be noted that: filter assembly 5 is in the use, the waste liquid that flows into in collecting chamber 17 passes through the one end hole 52 that leaks of rose box 51 and gets into inside it, filter the back through filter screen 53 and filter pulp 54 to it, the hole 52 that leaks from the other end again gets into in stock solution chamber 16 by reuse, communicate stock solution chamber 16 and collecting chamber 17 through port 4, make the waste liquid filter the back through filter assembly 5 and get into in stock solution chamber 16 again by reuse, reuse after filtering the waste liquid, with reduce cost.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, a supporting assembly 6 is mounted at the bottom of the cleaning tank 11, the supporting assembly 6 includes supporting columns 61, threaded sleeves 62, rubber connecting blocks 63 and locking universal wheels 64, two groups of supporting columns 61 are symmetrically and fixedly mounted on the lower side wall of the cleaning tank 1, two groups of threaded sleeves 62 are respectively sleeved on the lower ends of the two groups of supporting columns 61 and are in threaded connection with the same, and two groups of locking universal wheels 64 are both fixedly mounted on the lower ends of the two groups of threaded sleeves 62 through the rubber connecting blocks 63;

it should be noted that: support washing case 11 through supporting component 6, through setting up locking universal wheel 64, be convenient for wash the removal transportation and the braking of case 11, when meetting the ground unevenness, accessible rotating thread bush 62, adjust supporting component 6's length, it is in the horizontality to keep wasing case 11, prevent to wash case 11 because the unevenness on ground and slope, rubber connecting block 63 has certain elasticity simultaneously, when cooperation locking universal wheel 64 thrust unit removes the transportation, the impact force that accessible rubber connecting block 63 slowed down the device, protect the inside part of washing case 11.

Referring to fig. 1, the openings at both ends of the cleaning channel 12 are respectively provided with the blocking cloth 7, and the openings of the cleaning channel 12 are sealed by the blocking cloth 7, so that the cleaning liquid is prevented from splashing out of the interior of the cleaning channel 12 in the component cleaning process.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The heat treatment process of the component is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

2. Process for the thermal treatment of components according to claim 1, characterized in that in step a:

in the process of cleaning and descaling the component, the component is sequentially subjected to wetting, washing and rinsing operations in the component conveying process by using the conveying component of the cleaning and descaling equipment, so that impurities on the surface of the component are removed, and the component can be continuously cleaned and descaled.

3. Process for the thermal treatment of components according to claim 1, characterized in that in step b:

in the process of preheating the component, the component is conveyed into a heat treatment furnace with an opened furnace door, and the heat treatment furnace is opened to generate high temperature in the furnace to dry and preliminarily preheat the component.

4. Process for the thermal treatment of components according to claim 1, characterized in that in step c:

when the component is taken out after the solution treatment of the component is finished and is naturally cooled, the air flow can be accelerated by external blowing equipment to dissipate the heat of the component.

5. Cleaning and descaling apparatus in a heat treatment process for a member according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the cleaning and descaling equipment comprises a cleaning box (11), a cleaning channel (12), a cleaning roller (13), a hollow rod (14), a spray head (15), a liquid storage cavity (16), a collection cavity (17) and a flow guide cavity (18), the cleaning channel (12) for the passage of components is transversely arranged in the cleaning box (11), a cleaning roller (13) for cleaning the components and a hollow bar (14) are mounted in the cleaning channel (12), the spray head (15) is arranged on the hollow rod (14) and communicated with the inside of the hollow rod, the liquid storage cavity (16) and the collection cavity (17) are both arranged inside the cleaning box (11), and the cleaning channel (12) is communicated with the collecting cavity (17) through a flow guide cavity (18), the cleaning box (11) is provided with a guide assembly (2) and a transfusion assembly (3).

6. The cleaning and descaling device for the heat treatment process of the components according to claim 5, wherein the guide assembly (2) comprises U-shaped plates (21) and guide rollers (22), two U-shaped plates (21) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged in the cleaning channel (12), the cleaning roller (13) and the hollow rod (14) are positioned between the two U-shaped plates (21), two groups of the guide rollers (22) are respectively arranged in the two U-shaped plates (21), and the two groups of the guide rollers (22) are driven by a guide motor and rotate in the same direction.

7. Cleaning and descaling device in the heat treatment process of components according to claim 5, characterized in that the infusion set (3) comprises an infusion pump (31), a pipette (32) and an infusion tube (33), the infusion pump (31) is installed in the reservoir (16), and the pipette (32) is installed on the infusion pump (31), the infusion pump (31) is communicated with the hollow rod (14) through the infusion tube (33).

8. Cleaning and descaling apparatus in heat treatment process of component according to claim 5, the inner wall of the collecting cavity (17) is provided with a through hole (4) communicated with the liquid storage cavity (16), and the through opening (4) is internally provided with a filtering component (5), the filtering component (5) comprises a filtering box (51), a water leakage hole (52), a filtering net (53), filtering cotton (54) and a box cover (55), the filter box (51) is arranged in the through opening (4), the two groups of water leakage holes (52) are respectively arranged on the side walls of two sides of the filter box (51) and communicated with the inside of the filter box, the two filter screens (53) are symmetrically inserted in the filter box (51) and are respectively arranged close to the two groups of water leakage holes (52), the filter cotton (54) is filled in the filter box (51) and positioned between the two filter screens (53), the box cover (55) is rotatably connected to an opening at the upper end of the filter box (51).

9. The cleaning and descaling device for the heat treatment process of the component according to claim 5, wherein a support assembly (6) is mounted at the bottom of the cleaning box (11), the support assembly (6) comprises support columns (61), threaded sleeves (62), rubber connecting blocks (63) and locking universal wheels (64), two groups of support columns (61) are symmetrically and fixedly mounted on the side wall of the lower side of the cleaning box (1), two groups of threaded sleeves (62) are respectively sleeved at the lower ends of the two groups of support columns (61) and are in threaded connection with the support columns, and two groups of locking universal wheels (64) are fixedly mounted at the lower ends of the two groups of threaded sleeves (62) through the rubber connecting blocks (63).

10. Cleaning and descaling equipment in the heat treatment process of components according to claim 5, characterized in that the openings at both ends of the cleaning channel (12) are provided with baffle cloth (7).