CN113307402A - Landfill leachate treatment system and treatment method - Google Patents
Landfill leachate treatment system and treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种垃圾渗滤液处理系统及处理方法，该系统包括预处理单元、降浓单元、膜处理单元、反洗单元和智能控制单元，预处理单元包括调节池、混凝池和砂滤池，用于去除废水中大颗粒沉淀和部分COD；降浓单元包括臭氧接触池，臭氧接触池内设有臭氧曝气头，用于将污水中难降解的有机物氧化成小分子物质；膜处理单元包括DTRO膜处理设备，用于对污水进行反渗透膜处理；调节池、混凝池、砂滤池、臭氧接触池和DTRO膜处理设备通过各自的进水口和出水口依次顺序连接。本发明工艺布局紧凑，设备集中，能大大减少占地面积，节约基建费用和运行管理费用，且工艺出水能达标排放，为城市生活垃圾中转站废水的处理提供一条高效节能的方法，对于用地紧张的垃圾中转站内的废水处理具有重要的参考价值。
The invention discloses a landfill leachate treatment system and a treatment method. The system includes a pretreatment unit, a concentration reduction unit, a membrane treatment unit, a backwash unit and an intelligent control unit. The pretreatment unit includes a conditioning tank, a coagulation tank and a sand The filter tank is used to remove large particle precipitation and part of COD in the wastewater; the concentration reduction unit includes an ozone contact tank, and an ozone aeration head is installed in the ozone contact tank to oxidize the refractory organic matter in the wastewater into small molecular substances; membrane treatment The unit includes DTRO membrane treatment equipment for reverse osmosis membrane treatment of sewage; conditioning tank, coagulation tank, sand filter tank, ozone contact tank and DTRO membrane treatment equipment are sequentially connected through their respective water inlets and outlets. The invention has compact process layout and centralized equipment, can greatly reduce the floor space, save capital construction costs and operation management costs, and the process effluent can be discharged up to the standard, providing an efficient and energy-saving method for the treatment of waste water in urban domestic waste transfer stations, and it is difficult for land use. The wastewater treatment in the waste transfer station has important reference value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a garbage leachate treatment system and a garbage leachate treatment method.
Background
Currently, most of the leachate in the garbage transfer station is often transported out or drained through town pipelines due to the shortage of matched wastewater treatment facilities in many garbage transfer stations. But the problem of leakage exists in the outward transportation treatment, which affects the urban environment; the sewage is discharged into a rainwater pipe network to enter a river channel or is discharged into a municipal sewage pipe network, so that the black and odorous phenomenon of the water body in China is aggravated or the normal operation of a municipal sewage plant is seriously impacted. However, the modern treatment processes of materialization, biochemistry and membrane have some problems and disadvantages when the landfill leachate is treated.
First, although the treatment process using a membrane method as a main treatment structure has a satisfactory effluent effect, the process has a high running cost, and particularly, when the COD concentration is in the tens of thousands, the membrane pollution is aggravated, and frequent replacement of the membrane tubes causes inconvenience in operation and management. For example, application patent number CN201210129450 discloses a small garbage transfer station leachate treatment process and device, which adopts two treatment processes of microelectrolysis and MBR, but the COD of leachate treated by the technology is within 1000mg/L, which not only does not reach the discharge standard, but also reduces the service life of the membrane due to the overhigh concentration of COD after microelectrolysis treatment; in addition, application patent No. CN202010560761.8 proposes a system for the integrated treatment of leachate in a garbage transfer station, which only allows the leachate after coagulating sedimentation to directly enter NF and RO membrane treatment devices, although the removal efficiency of COD reaches 99.6%, the frequent replacement of the membrane causes the rise of the operation cost, and the concentrated solution generated by membrane purification is also an actual environmental problem. Therefore, there is a strong need to design a leachate treatment apparatus and method that reduces membrane fouling.
Secondly, the combined process using biochemistry as the main treatment method is complex, and most of the combined processes comprise a multistage anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a membrane biological reaction tank, a sedimentation tank and other long process units, so that the combined process not only needs long retention time, but also can generate a large amount of solid wastes such as sludge and the like. The intelligent integrated waste water treatment equipment for the garbage transfer station is provided as application patent No. 201920659099.4, leachate is designed to pass through a coagulation reactor, an anaerobic digestion tank, a primary contact oxidation tank, a secondary contact oxidation tank and an MBR membrane bioreactor in sequence, although higher-quality effluent can be obtained, the whole designed flow is too large, and the amount of generated sludge is large. The patent application No. CN202010063797.5 provides a leachate treatment device and a treatment method for a garbage transfer station, which sequentially constructs a pretreatment device, an anaerobic treatment device, an aerobic treatment device, an advanced treatment device and a sludge treatment device for obtaining high-quality effluent and reducing energy consumption, and the wide application of the leachate treatment device in a small garbage transfer station is limited due to the overlarge occupied area and the huge sludge amount. Therefore, a small and efficient treatment system must be developed to solve the problem of the leachate in the transfer station.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a landfill leachate treatment system aiming at the defects in the prior art by combining the current situations of high suspended matter, high concentration of refractory organic matters, high ammonia nitrogen content and various pathogenic bacteria in the conventional refuse transfer station of the conventional refuse transfer station. Can better meet the requirements of economic and social development and successfully solve the problem of the landfill leachate of the transfer station.
The invention also aims to provide a method for treating the landfill leachate.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a landfill leachate treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit, a concentration reduction unit, a membrane treatment unit, a backwashing unit and an intelligent control unit, wherein the pretreatment unit comprises an adjusting tank, a coagulation tank and a sand filter tank and is used for removing large-particle sediment and partial COD in wastewater; the concentration reduction unit comprises an ozone contact tank, and an ozone aeration head is arranged in the ozone contact tank and used for oxidizing organic matters which are difficult to degrade in the sewage into micromolecular substances; the membrane treatment unit comprises DTRO membrane treatment equipment for carrying out reverse osmosis membrane treatment on the sewage; the adjusting tank, the coagulation tank, the sand filter, the ozone contact tank and the DTRO membrane treatment equipment are sequentially connected through respective water inlets and water outlets, and a concentrated solution outlet of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment is connected to the ozone contact tank through a return pipeline; the backwashing unit comprises a backwashing tank, an ozone aeration head is arranged at the bottom of the backwashing tank, a water inlet of the backwashing tank is communicated with a water outlet of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment, water outlets of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment and the backwashing tank are respectively provided with a pipeline connected with a municipal pipe network, and a liquid return pipe communicated with a water inlet of the backwashing tank is also arranged at a water outlet of the backwashing tank; the intelligent control unit comprises a first water quality sensor, a second water quality sensor and an RTU device, wherein the first water quality sensor and the second water quality sensor are respectively arranged at water outlets of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment and the backwashing tank, and are respectively connected with the RTU device and transmit monitoring data to the client terminal through a base station.
In a further design scheme of the invention, the volume of the regulating pool is 150-3。
In a further design scheme of the invention, the volume of the ozone contact tank is controlled at 500-600m3Three rows of ozone aeration heads are arranged in the ozone contact tank, and the ozone aeration heads are positioned 5-10% of the front end of the water inlet end of the ozone contact tank.
In a further design scheme of the invention, the return point of the return pipeline is positioned 5-10% of the front part of the water inlet end of the ozone contact pool.
In a further design scheme of the invention, the volume of the backwashing tank is 500-600m3。
A landfill leachate treatment method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, regulating and controlling the quality and quantity of percolate generated by compressing garbage and waste water generated by cleaning vehicles on a road surface in a regulating tank;
Then standing in a sand filter for 6-8h to remove large particles and partial COD (chemical oxygen demand) precipitate;
step 3, the wastewater treated by the sand filter enters an ozone contact tank for ozone aeration treatment for 12-14 hours, and organic matters which are difficult to degrade in the wastewater are oxidized into micromolecular organic matters;
and 5, feeding the treated water which does not reach the standard in the step 4 into a backwashing pool for carrying out ozone aeration treatment for 8-12h again, and discharging the treated water which reaches the standard after being monitored by a water quality sensor to a municipal pipe network.
In a further design scheme of the invention, the volume of the regulating pool in the step 1 is 150-200m3。
In a further design scheme of the invention, the volume of the ozone contact tank in the step 3 is controlled at 500-600m3The aeration flow rate is 10-15L/h.
In a further design scheme of the invention, the volume of the backwashing pool in the step 5 is 500-600m3。
The invention has the following outstanding advantages:
1. the garbage leachate treatment system has compact combined process layout and centralized equipment, can greatly reduce the floor area, save the capital construction cost and the operation management cost, can discharge the process effluent after reaching the standard, provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving method for the treatment of the wastewater of the municipal domestic garbage transfer station, and has important reference value for the treatment of the wastewater in the garbage transfer station with short land use.
2. The whole process of the treatment method of the invention does not generate waste, and the possibility of generating a large amount of solid waste in the A2/O process is avoided.
3. According to the invention, a group of ozone contact tanks is arranged in front of the DRTO membrane, so that macromolecular substances which are difficult to degrade are successfully converted into micromolecular substances, the pollution of the DTRO membrane is effectively reduced, and the service life of the DTRO membrane is prolonged.
4. The invention adopts the DTRO membrane to produce the concentrated solution which can be effectively treated and does not produce the phenomenon of concentrated solution discharge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the connection of the landfill leachate treatment system in the embodiment;
in the figure, 1-pretreatment unit, 2-concentration reduction unit, 3-membrane treatment unit, 4-backwashing unit, 5-intelligent control unit, 6-regulating tank, 7-coagulation tank, 8-sand filter tank, 9-ozone contact tank, 10-DTRO membrane treatment equipment, 11-return pipeline, 12-RTU device, 13-base station and 14-client terminal.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1
A landfill leachate treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit 1, a concentration reduction unit 2, a membrane treatment unit 3, a backwashing unit 4 and an intelligent control unit, wherein the pretreatment unit 1 comprises an adjusting tank 6, a coagulation tank 7 and a sand filter tank 8, the volume of the adjusting tank 6 is 150-200 m-3The device is used for removing large-particle sediment and partial COD in the wastewater; the concentration reduction unit 2 comprises an ozone contact tank 9, an ozone aeration head is arranged in the ozone contact tank 9, and the volume of the ozone contact tank 9 is controlled to be 500-600m3Three rows of ozone aeration heads are arranged in the ozone contact tank 9, and the ozone aeration heads are positioned at the front 5-10% of the water inlet end of the ozone contact tank 9 and are used for oxidizing organic matters which are difficult to degrade in sewage into micromolecular substances; the membrane treatment unit 3 comprises a DTRO membrane treatment device 10 for performing reverse osmosis membrane treatment on the sewage; the adjusting tank 6, the coagulation tank 7, the sand filter 8, the ozone contact tank 9 and the DTRO membrane treatment device 10 are sequentially connected through respective water inlets and water outlets, a concentrated solution outlet of the DTRO membrane treatment device 10 is connected to the ozone contact tank 9 through a return pipeline 11, and a return point of the return pipeline 11 is positioned at 5-10% of the front end of a water inlet end of the ozone contact tank 9; the backwashing unit 4 comprises a backwashing pool with the volume of 500-600m3The bottom of the backwashing pool is provided with an ozone aeration head, a water inlet of the backwashing pool is communicated with a water outlet of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment 10, water outlets of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment 10 and the backwashing pool are respectively provided with a pipeline connected with a municipal pipe network, and a liquid return pipe communicated with the water inlet of the backwashing pool is also arranged at the water outlet of the backwashing pool; the intelligent control unit comprises a first water quality sensor, a second water quality sensor and an RTU device 12, wherein the first water quality sensor and the second water quality sensor are respectively arranged at water outlets of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment 10 and the backwashing tank, the first water quality sensor and the second water quality sensor are respectively connected with the RTU device 12, and then monitoring data are transmitted to a client terminal 14 through a base station 13. The first water quality sensor and the second water quality sensor can dynamically monitor the quality of the outlet water in real time, and water quality indexes (SS, COD, NH4+ -N and the like) are uploaded to an application client through the base station 13 by the RTU device 12, so that managers of a sewage plant can observe relevant data conveniently in an office.
The landfill leachate treatment method comprises the following specific steps:
the quality of the collected inlet water is that COD is 40000-70000 mg/L, NH4+ -N is 1000-1500 mg/L, SS is 10000-15000 mg/L, and the number of pathogenic bacteria is more than 1000 CFU/100 mL.
Step 1, regulating and controlling the quality and quantity of percolate generated by compressing garbage and waste water generated by cleaning vehicles on the road surface in a regulating tank 6.
And 2, after the wastewater enters the coagulation tank 7, adding PAC and ferrous sulfate in a dosing tank into the wastewater in the air flotation tank, controlling the dosing amount to be 200-400 mg/L, and compared with other sewage treatment devices, the dosing amount is less, the treatment time is 7-10h, and the dosing position is controlled to be 15-25% of the water inlet end of the coagulation tank 7.
Then standing in a sand filter 8, controlling the hydraulic retention time to be 6-8h, and removing large particles and partial COD. The first separation of the sediment and the sewage is completed.
And 3, allowing the wastewater treated by the sand filter 8 to enter an ozone contact tank 9 for ozone aeration treatment, wherein the aeration flow is 10-15L/h, the volume of the sand filter 8 is controlled at 500-600m 3, and the hydraulic retention time is 8-12 h. The adding position of the ozone is 5-10% of the front part of the water inlet end, andin order to obtain the best mixing uniformity, the aeration heads are deeply arranged below the liquid level, three rows of ozone aeration heads are arranged, and organic matters which are difficult to degrade in the wastewater are oxidized into micromolecular organic matters. OH generated by catalyst ozone in water is used for oxidizing refractory organic matters in the wastewater into small molecular substances, so that pollution to a DTRO membrane of the next process flow is reduced. After the ozone treatment, the water quality indexes of the sewage are as follows: COD less than or equal to 1000mg/L, NH4 +N is 200-300 mg/L, SS is less than or equal to 100mg/L, and the number of pathogenic bacteria is less than 1 CFU/100 mL.
And 5, feeding the treated water which does not reach the standard in the step 4 into a backwashing tank for secondary ozone aeration treatment for 12-14h, wherein the water inlet point is positioned at 10-15% of the front end of the concentration reduction unit 2, the volume of the backwashing tank is controlled to be 500 plus 600m 3, two rows of ozone aeration pipes are arranged downwards, and the treated water is monitored by a water quality sensor to reach the standard and then is discharged to a municipal pipe network. Compared with the method of directly returning to the ozone contact tank 9, the working amount of the ozone contact tank 9 is not increased, and the ozone is easier to reach the standard and discharge due to longer treatment time when entering the backwashing tank. Otherwise, the wastewater flows back to the backwashing pool again to be treated again.
When the detected water quality parameters uploaded by the water quality sensor are abnormal, namely the effluent suspended matter (SS) is more than 100mg/L, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is more than 100mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen (NH4+ -N) is more than 15mg/L, the early warning information of each relevant index can inform a field responsible person in a short message or notification bar message mode so as to maintain and overhaul the DTRO membrane, and simultaneously the generated wastewater enters the ozone contact tank 9. If the water outlet index of the DTRO membrane is in a relevant range, the discharged water is directly discharged into a nearby municipal pipe network.
Percolate integrated integration through small garbage transfer stationAfter the wastewater is treated by the treatment equipment, the effluent of the system can reach COD less than or equal to 100mg/L and NH4 +N is less than or equal to 15mg/L, SS is less than or equal to 100mg/L, pH is 6-9, and the number of pathogenic bacteria is less than 1 CFU/100 mL.
The traditional sewage treatment system usually needs to arrange sewage treatment structures such as an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a secondary sedimentation tank and the like on the same horizontal plane, and the larger occupied area is not suitable for the upgrading and reconstruction of the existing small and medium-sized urban sewage treatment plants. For example, nitrogen and phosphorus depth control in sewage treatment plants often adopts a combination of a chemical phosphorus removal process and a denitrification filter process, and after chemical phosphorus removal, denitrification is performed. The combined process comprises the following steps: a chemical phosphorus removal rapid stirring tank, a reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, a denitrification filter tank, a dosing tank, a back flushing system and other complex and various structures. The garbage leachate treatment system has compact combined process layout and centralized equipment, can greatly reduce the floor area and save the capital construction cost and the operation management cost.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention that produce functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The landfill leachate treatment system is characterized by comprising a pretreatment unit (1), a concentration reduction unit (2), a membrane treatment unit (3), a backwashing unit (4) and an intelligent control unit, wherein the pretreatment unit (1) comprises a regulating tank (6), a coagulation tank (7) and a sand filter tank (8) and is used for removing large-particle precipitates and partial COD in wastewater; the concentration reduction unit (2) comprises an ozone contact tank (9), and an ozone aeration head is arranged in the ozone contact tank (9) and is used for oxidizing organic matters which are difficult to degrade in the sewage into small molecular substances; the membrane treatment unit (3) comprises a DTRO membrane treatment device (10) for performing reverse osmosis membrane treatment on the sewage; the adjusting tank (6), the coagulation tank (7), the sand filter (8), the ozone contact tank (9) and the DTRO membrane treatment equipment (10) are sequentially connected through respective water inlets and water outlets, and a concentrated solution outlet of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment (10) is connected to the ozone contact tank (9) through a return pipeline (11); the backwashing unit (4) comprises a backwashing tank, an ozone aeration head is arranged at the bottom of the backwashing tank, a water inlet of the backwashing tank is communicated with a water outlet of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment (10), water outlets of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment (10) and the backwashing tank are respectively provided with a pipeline connected with a municipal pipe network, and a liquid return pipe communicated with the water inlet of the backwashing tank is also arranged at the water outlet of the backwashing tank; the intelligent control unit comprises a first water quality sensor, a second water quality sensor and an RTU device (12), wherein the first water quality sensor and the second water quality sensor are respectively arranged at water outlets of the DTRO membrane treatment equipment (10) and the backwashing tank, the first water quality sensor and the second water quality sensor are respectively connected with the RTU device (12), and then monitoring data are transmitted to a client terminal (14) through a base station (13).
2. The landfill leachate treatment system of claim 1, wherein the volume of the regulating tank (6) is 150-200m3。
3. The landfill leachate treatment system of claim 1, wherein the volume of the ozone contact tank (9) is controlled to 500-600m3Three rows of ozone aeration heads are arranged in the ozone contact tank (9), and the ozone aeration heads are positioned 5-10% of the front part of the water inlet end of the ozone contact tank (9).
4. The landfill leachate treatment system of claim 1, wherein the return point of the return pipeline (11) is located 5-10% of the front of the water inlet end of the ozone contact tank (9).
5. The landfill leachate treatment system of claim 1, wherein the volume of the backwash tank is 500-600m3。
6. A landfill leachate treatment method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1, regulating and controlling the quality and quantity of percolate generated by compressing garbage and waste water generated by cleaning vehicles on a road surface in a regulating tank (6);
step 2, after the wastewater enters a coagulation tank (7), adding PAC and ferrous sulfate in a chemical adding tank into the wastewater in the air flotation tank, controlling the chemical adding amount to be 200-400 mg/L, and treating for 7-10 h;
then standing in a sand filter (8) for 6-8h to remove large precipitated particles and partial COD;
step 3, the wastewater treated by the sand filter (8) enters an ozone contact tank (9) for ozone aeration treatment for 8-12h, and organic matters which are difficult to degrade in the wastewater are oxidized into micromolecular organic matters;
step 4, performing DTRO membrane treatment on the sewage treated by the ozone contact tank (9), separating the treated water from the concentrated solution by utilizing the reverse osmosis effect, returning the concentrated solution to the step 3 for treatment, and discharging the treated water to a municipal pipe network after the treated water reaches the standard through monitoring of a water quality sensor;
and 5, feeding the treated water which does not reach the standard in the step 4 into a backwashing pool for carrying out ozone aeration treatment for 12-14h again, and discharging the treated water which reaches the standard after being monitored by a water quality sensor to a municipal pipe network.
7. The landfill leachate treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the volume of the conditioning tank (6) in step 1 is 150-200m3。
8. The landfill leachate treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the volume of the ozone contact tank (9) in step 3 is controlled to 500-600m3The aeration flow rate is 10-15L/h.
9. The landfill leachate treatment method of claim 6, wherein the volume of the backwash tank in the step 5 is 500-600m3。
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| CN118108380A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-31 | 河北万德斯环境科技有限公司 | Advanced treatment method for high-concentration refractory organic wastewater |
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| CN205974184U (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-02-22 | 江苏环保产业技术研究院股份公司 | Processing system of landfill leachate embrane method concentrate |
| CN207375872U (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-05-18 | 北京国环莱茵环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of integrated intelligent landfill leachate treatment equipment |
| CN108975644A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-11 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of processing system and device of rubbish leachate |
| CN209259900U (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-08-16 | 福建钦榕环保科技有限公司 | A kind of processing unit suitable for aging landfill leachate |
| CN210030276U (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-02-07 | 湖南北控威保特环境科技股份有限公司 | Leachate treatment device for garbage transfer station |
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| CN118108380A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-31 | 河北万德斯环境科技有限公司 | Advanced treatment method for high-concentration refractory organic wastewater |
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