CN113298426A - Knowledge graph driven dam safety evaluation weight dynamic drafting method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a knowledge graph driven dynamic setting method and a knowledge graph driven dynamic setting system for dam safety evaluation weights, wherein firstly, semantics of entities and relations in a knowledge graph for safe operation of a dam are combined to generate a dam knowledge perception path; then mapping each entity, entity corresponding type and relation in the knowledge graph to a low-dimensional vector for representation by using a graph convolution network; sequentially encoding the elements by adopting an LSTM (least squares TM), and capturing the combined semantics of the entities with the relation as a condition; and finally combining a plurality of paths by using the pooling layer, and outputting a final score of interaction between a given user and the project, namely a dam measuring point weight value. The dam safety comprehensive evaluation method is used for evaluating the influence degree of each measuring point of the dam on the dam safety, assists in comprehensive evaluation of the dam safety, and has real-time performance and reusability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dynamic setting method and a dynamic setting system for dam safety comprehensive evaluation weights, in particular to a dynamic setting method and a dynamic setting system for dam safety comprehensive evaluation weights under a special working condition driven by a knowledge map, and belongs to the technical field of dam safety comprehensive evaluation.
Background
The dam is an important engineering measure for regulating and controlling the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources and optimizing the allocation of the water resources, but the potential safety problem of the dam is widely concerned by the problems of natural disasters or self aging along with the lapse of time. The dam grading comprehensive evaluation is one of important means for evaluating dam safety, and the dam safety is evaluated from local to overall and from small to large, namely, the grading comprehensive evaluation is carried out from a single measuring point, an instrument type, a monitoring project, a basic part and finally to a building. Because the importance degree of each measuring point is different, the weight value of each measuring point is evaluated through expert experience and site conditions in the past, the dam can often meet natural disasters such as earthquake, rainstorm, debris flow and the like, and the expert can not be called in time every time to obtain the weight value of each measuring point evaluated by the dam.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a dynamic method and a system for comprehensive dam safety evaluation weight, in particular to a dynamic method and a system for comprehensive dam safety evaluation weight under a special working condition driven by a knowledge map.
The technical scheme is as follows: a knowledge graph driven dam safety evaluation weight dynamic drafting method comprises the following steps:
(1) combining the semantics of the entities and the relations in the dam safe operation knowledge graph to generate a dam safe operation knowledge perception path;
(2) mapping each entity, entity corresponding type and relation in the knowledge graph to a low-dimensional vector representation by using a graph convolution network;
(3) sequentially encoding the elements by adopting an LSTM (least squares TM), and capturing the combined semantics of the entities with the relation as a condition;
(4) and combining multiple paths by using the pooling layer, and outputting a final score of the given user interacting with the project, namely a dam measuring point weight value.
A knowledge graph driven dynamic setting method for dam safety evaluation weights is suitable for a dynamic setting method for comprehensive dam safety evaluation weights under special working conditions, wherein the special working conditions refer to the following steps:
compared with the daily working condition, the working state of the dam under natural disasters has the advantages that the generation of special working conditions is sudden, and the influence on the integrity and stability of the dam is larger. The natural disasters include earthquakes, rainstorms and debris flows.
Further, the concrete steps of combining the semantics of the entities and the relations in the dam safe operation knowledge graph in the step (1) to generate the dam knowledge perception path are as follows:
(1.1) defining the safe operation knowledge graph of the dam as
Wherein each triplet (h, r, t) represents a fact that there is a relationship r from the head entity h to the tail entity t; user item interaction data is typically represented as a bipartite graph, employing
And
representing sets of users and items, respectivelySet, interaction between a user and an item is represented by a triple τ ═ (u, iterative, i), where u istThe user refers to dam working conditions (including special working conditions such as earthquake, heavy rain and debris flow), itThe project comprises all measuring points of the dam, M and N respectively indicate the number of users and the number of the project, and the interact represents the interaction between u and i (namely, a relation exists between the u and the i);
(1.2) triplets in the knowledge-graph clearly describe the direct or indirect relational attributes of an item, which should constitute one or more paths between a given user and an item pair, namely the dam knowledge-aware path, defined as
Where e is an entity, r is a relationship, e1＝u，eL＝i，(el,rl,el+1) Is the ith triplet in p, l represents the number of triplets in the path.
Further, the specific step of mapping each entity, entity corresponding type and relationship in the knowledge graph to a low-dimensional vector representation by using the graph convolution network in the step (2) is as follows:
given a path pkProjecting the type (such as special working condition, hydraulic inspection position, dam safety monitoring instrument) and specific value (such as dam measuring point (such as tension line EP 2-12) of each entity to two independent low-dimensional embedded vectors by using a graph convolution network
And
in the method, the semantics of the relationship are integrated into path representation learning, wherein d is the size of an embedded vector, a bracing wire instrument is used for measuring the horizontal displacement of the dam in the upstream and downstream directions and the left and right bank directions, and EP2-12 belongs to a measuring point monitored by using the bracing wire;
further, the step (3) of sequentially encoding the elements by using LSTM, and the specific step of capturing the combined semantics of the relationship-conditioned entities is as follows:
(3.1) concatenating the current entity e when the path step is l-1l-1、e'l-1And relation rl-1Generates a vector xl-1(i.e. the
Wherein
Is operated in series, e'l-1Is a low-dimensional embedded vector of a particular value, rl-1Is a relationship vector) and then x is addedl-1As input vector of LSTM, output hidden state vector hl-1And using the final state hlRepresenting the entire path pk；
(3.2) establishing a Path pkAfter vector representation, the final state is input into two fully-connected layers to obtain a path pkThe formula is shown below, wherein w1And w2Coefficient weights for the first and second layers, respectively, ReLU is an activation function, and τ is an interactive representation between the user and the item.
Further, the step (4) of merging multiple paths by using a pooling layer and outputting a final score of a given user interacting with a project, that is, a dam measuring point weight value, specifically comprises the following steps:
different paths in the dam knowledge perception path have different contributions to the preference of the model user, so that the pooling layer needs to perform weighted pool operation on the total scores of all paths and output the final score of interaction between a given user and a target item, the formula is as follows, firstly, the scores of all paths are aggregated through one weighted pool operation, and then the scores are converted into [0,1 ] by using a sigmoid function]Within the interval, where skIs the predicted score of the kth path, gamma is the hyperparameter controlling each exponential weight, sigma is the sigmoid function,
is the final station weight.
According to the dynamic setting method for the dam safety comprehensive evaluation weight, effective reasoning is carried out by utilizing the sequential dependence in the dam safety perception path, the weight of each measuring point of the dam is dynamically evaluated, and the real-time performance and the reusability of setting the dam weight are guaranteed while the labor cost is saved.
A knowledge-graph-driven dam safety judgment weight dynamic drafting system comprises:
a module for generating a knowledge perception path for safe operation of the dam: combining the semantics of the entities and the relations in the dam safe operation knowledge graph to generate a dam safe operation knowledge perception path;
a vector representation module: mapping each entity, entity corresponding type and relation in the knowledge graph to a vector representation by using a graph convolution network;
LSTM module: sequentially encoding the elements by adopting an LSTM (least squares TM), and capturing the combined semantics of the entities with the relation as a condition;
a weight acquisition module: and combining multiple paths by using the pooling layer, and outputting a final score of the given user interacting with the project, namely a dam measuring point weight value.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the knowledge graph driven dynamic dam safety evaluation weight drafting method and the knowledge graph driven dynamic dam safety evaluation weight drafting system have the following advantages: the dam knowledge perception path is generated by combining the semantics of entities and relations in the dam safe operation knowledge graph, and the weight of each measuring point of the dam is dynamically evaluated by using a weight drafting model formed by connecting a graph convolution network, an LSTM and a pooling layer in series, so that the labor cost is saved, and the real-time performance and reusability of dam weight drafting are ensured.
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FIG. 1 is an example of a dam operational safety knowledge graph seismic module;
FIG. 2 is a visualization case of three predicted scoring paths under dam earthquake conditions;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be purely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as various equivalent modifications of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Fig. 1 shows an example of a safety knowledge graph seismic module for dam operation, which has two seismic events, namely yuxi Tonghai and Yunnan Yongde, and makes the production area of a bay slightly shocky, so that the bay power plant carries out comprehensive special inspection. The key inspection objects are key monitoring instruments in a dam safety automatic system, such as a tension line, a vertical line, a stress meter and the like, wherein each monitoring instrument is provided with a plurality of monitoring measuring points; there are important parts in the bay hydraulic structure such as various elevation galleries, first-stage factory buildings, traffic holes, etc. The more times of investigation of monitoring instruments or key parts where the measuring points are located, the higher the importance degree of the measuring points is, and meanwhile, the influence of abnormal conditions of the measuring points on the safety of the dam can be searched through backtracking of the knowledge graph.
FIG. 2 is a visual example of three predicted score paths under dam seismic conditions, showing S1And S2The paths all provide relatively high scores, 0.372 and 0.376, respectively. When earthquake occurs, firstly, safety monitoring data is provided, whether the measuring point is abnormal or not is judged through the safety value range of the measuring point, historical data and the current day measuring value, and the method has real-time performance and reliability, so that S1The path score is highest for the actual situation. The key parts of the dam are inspected afterwards, the abnormal conditions can be visually judged, the accuracy is high only under the condition that the abnormal conditions are obvious due to the judgment of naked eyes, and otherwise, certain errors exist, so that S2Path score lower than S1The path is in accordance with the actual situation. The collaborative filtering plays an important role in judging the importance degree of the measuring point EP2-12, and the measuring point still belongs to an important investigation measuring point under other working conditions, which indicates that the measuring point has higher weight than a common measuring point.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for dynamically formulating the safety evaluation weight of the dam driven by the knowledge-map comprises the following steps:
(1) combining the semantics of entities and relations in the dam safe operation knowledge graph to generate a dam knowledge perception path; the method specifically includes the following steps.
(1.1) defining the safe operation knowledge graph of the dam as
Wherein each triplet (h, r, t) represents the fact that there is a relationship r from the head entity h to the tail entity t, as in fig. 2 (hydraulic building, detection site, 961 corridor (tension line)) is a triplet, "hydraulic building" is the head entity h, "detection site" is the relationship r, "961 corridor (tension line))" is the tail entity t; user item interaction data is typically represented as a bipartite graph, employing
And
respectively representing a user set and an item set, and the interaction between the user and the item is represented by a triple tau (u, interactive, i), wherein u istThe user refers to dam working conditions (including special working conditions such as earthquake, heavy rain and debris flow), itThe project comprises all measuring points of the dam, M and N respectively indicate the number of users and the number of projects, and the interact represents the interaction between u and i (namely the relationship exists between the two).
(1.2) triplets in the knowledge-graph clearly describe the direct or indirect relational attributes of an item, which should constitute one or more paths between a given user and an item pair, namely the dam knowledge-aware path, defined as
Wherein e1＝u，eL＝i，(el,rl,el+1) Is the ith triplet in p, l represents the number of triplets in the path; as figure 2 shows these are from the same user "The seismic "to the same project" EP2-12 "paths clearly express their different multi-step relationships and imply different combinatorial semantics and possible interpretation of the" seismic "regime. The two paths of the 'hydraulic structure' and the 'dam safety monitoring system' show that the data of the monitoring measuring point EP2-12 is one of important bases for safety judgment during earthquake; while the "rainstorm" path reflects a synergistic filtering effect, similar users tend to have similar preferences. Wherein the 961 corridor is a part of a dam, and the arranged monitoring instrument comprises a tension line EP2-12 measuring point; the tension instrument is used for measuring the horizontal displacement of the dam in the upstream and downstream directions and the left and right bank directions; EP2-12 belongs to a station which is monitored by means of a tension wire.
(2) Mapping each entity, entity corresponding type and relation in the knowledge graph to a low-dimensional vector representation by using a graph convolution network, and specifically comprising the following steps:
given a path pkProjecting the type (such as special working conditions, hydraulic inspection positions, dam safety monitoring instruments and the like) and specific value (namely a dam measuring point, such as a tension line EP2-12 measuring point in the figure 2) of each entity to two independent low-dimensional embedded vectors by using a graph convolution network
And
in the method, the semantics of the relationship are integrated into the path representation learning, wherein d is the size of an embedded vector, a bracing wire instrument is used for measuring the horizontal displacement of the dam in the upstream and downstream directions and the left and right bank directions, and EP2-12 belongs to a measuring point monitored by using the bracing wire.
(3) Sequentially encoding the elements by adopting an LSTM (least squares TM), and capturing the combined semantics of the entities with the relation as a condition; the method comprises the following steps:
(3.1) concatenating the current entity e when the path step is l-1l-1、e'l-1And relation rl-1Generates a vector xl-1(i.e. the
Wherein
Is a series operation) and then x is addedl-1As input vector of LSTM, output hidden state vector hl-1And using the final state hlRepresenting the entire path pk；
(3.2) establishing a Path pkAfter vector representation, the final state is input into two fully-connected layers to obtain a path pkThe formula is shown below, wherein w1And w2Coefficient weights for the first and second layers, respectively, ReLU is an activation function, and τ is an interactive representation between the user and the item.
(4) Combining a plurality of paths by using the pooling layer, and outputting a final score of interaction between a given user and a project, namely a dam measuring point weight value, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
different paths in the dam knowledge perception path have different contributions to the preference of the model user, so that the pooling layer needs to perform weighted pool operation on the total scores of all paths and output the final score of interaction between a given user and a target item, the formula is as follows, firstly, the scores of all paths are aggregated through one weighted pool operation, and then the scores are converted into [0,1 ] by using a sigmoid function]Within the interval, where skIs the predicted score of the kth path, gamma is the hyperparameter controlling each exponential weight, sigma is the sigmoid function,
is the final station weight.
(5) The method is characterized in that the weight of each measuring point of the dam is applied to dam safety judgment, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
because the importance degree of each measuring point is different, the weight of each measuring point of the dam can be evaluated by utilizing the steps (1) to (4), then the analytic hierarchy process is carried out, a weight table required by judgment is generated, and then the comprehensive analysis is carried out on the building by combining the fuzzy theory and the membership matrix, so that the safety state of each part of the building and the building can be judged.
A knowledge-graph-driven dam safety judgment weight dynamic drafting system comprises:
a module for generating a knowledge perception path for safe operation of the dam: combining the semantics of the entities and the relations in the dam safe operation knowledge graph to generate a dam safe operation knowledge perception path;
a vector representation module: mapping each entity, entity corresponding type and relation in the knowledge graph to a vector representation by using a graph convolution network;
LSTM module: sequentially encoding the elements by adopting an LSTM (least squares TM), and capturing the combined semantics of the entities with the relation as a condition;
a weight acquisition module: and combining multiple paths by using the pooling layer, and outputting a final score of the given user interacting with the project, namely a dam measuring point weight value.
According to the embodiment, the weight of each measuring point of the dam is evaluated dynamically, and reliable basis is provided for the comprehensive evaluation of the dam safety in real time; meanwhile, the method realizes high multiplexing and can be applied to other dams.
Claims (7)
1. A knowledge graph driven dam safety evaluation weight dynamic drafting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) combining the semantics of the entities and the relations in the dam safe operation knowledge graph to generate a dam safe operation knowledge perception path;
(2) mapping each entity, entity corresponding type and relation in the knowledge graph to a vector representation by using a graph convolution network;
(3) sequentially encoding the elements by adopting an LSTM (least squares TM), and capturing the combined semantics of the entities with the relation as a condition;
(4) and combining multiple paths by using the pooling layer, and outputting a final score of the given user interacting with the project, namely a dam measuring point weight value.
2. The knowledge-graph-driven dynamic determination method for dam safety evaluation weights according to claim 1, wherein the method is a dynamic determination method for dam safety comprehensive evaluation weights under special conditions, and the special conditions refer to: the dam works in natural disasters.
3. The knowledge-graph-driven dam safety comprehensive evaluation weight dynamic drafting method according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of combining the semantics of the entities and the relations in the dam safety operation knowledge graph to generate the dam knowledge perception path in the step (1) are as follows:
(1.1) defining the safe operation knowledge graph of the dam as
Wherein each triplet (h, r, t) represents a fact that there is a relationship r from the head entity h to the tail entity t; user item interaction data is typically represented as a bipartite graph, employing
And
respectively representing a user set and an item set, and the interaction between the user and the item is represented by a triple tau (u, interactive, i), wherein u istThe user refers to the dam condition, itThe project comprises all measuring points of the dam, and M and N respectively refer to users and the projectThe quantity, interct, represents the interaction between u and i, namely the relationship exists between the two;
(1.2) triplets in the knowledge-graph clearly describe the direct or indirect relational attributes of an item, which should constitute one or more paths between a given user and an item pair, namely the dam knowledge-aware path, defined as
Wherein e1＝u，eL＝i，(el,rl,el+1) Is the ith triplet in p, l represents the number of triplets in the path.
4. The method for dynamically formulating the comprehensive evaluation weight for security of dam driven by knowledge-graph according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) of mapping each entity, entity corresponding type and relationship in the knowledge-graph to a vector representation by using graph convolution network comprises the following specific steps:
given a path pkProjecting the type and specific value of each entity onto two independent embedded vectors using a graph convolution network
And
in the method, the semantics of the relationship are integrated into the path representation learning, wherein d is the size of an embedded vector, a bracing wire instrument is used for measuring the horizontal displacement of the dam in the upstream and downstream directions and the left and right bank directions, and EP2-12 belongs to a measuring point monitored by using the bracing wire.
5. The method for dynamically formulating knowledge-graph-driven dam security comprehensive evaluation weights according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) of sequentially encoding elements by using LSTM and capturing the combined semantics of the relationship-conditioned entities comprises the following steps:
(3.1) when the path step is l-1, connecting in seriesFront entity el-1、e'l-1And relation rl-1Generates a vector xl-1Then x is addedl-1As input vector of LSTM, output hidden state vector hl-1And using the final state hlRepresenting the entire path pk；
(3.2) establishing a Path pkAfter vector representation, the final state is input into two fully-connected layers to obtain a path pkThe formula is shown below, wherein w1And w2Coefficient weights for the first and second layers, respectively, ReLU being an activation function, τ being a representation of the interaction between the user and the item
6. The method for dynamically formulating knowledge-graph-driven dam safety comprehensive evaluation weight according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), a plurality of paths are merged by using a pooling layer, and a final score of interaction between a given user and a project is output, namely a dam measuring point weight value is obtained by the following specific steps:
different paths in the dam knowledge perception path have different contributions to the preference of the model user, so that the pooling layer needs to perform weighted pool operation on the total scores of all paths and output the final score of interaction between a given user and a target item, the formula is as follows, firstly, the scores of all paths are aggregated through one weighted pool operation, and then the scores are converted into [0,1 ] by using a sigmoid function]Within the interval, where skIs the predicted score of the kth path, gamma is the hyperparameter controlling each exponential weight, sigma is the sigmoid function,
is the final station weight.
7. A knowledge-graph-driven dam safety comprehensive evaluation weight dynamic drafting system is characterized by comprising:
a module for generating a knowledge perception path for safe operation of the dam: combining the semantics of the entities and the relations in the dam safe operation knowledge graph to generate a dam safe operation knowledge perception path;
a vector representation module: mapping each entity, entity corresponding type and relation in the knowledge graph to a vector representation by using a graph convolution network;
LSTM module: sequentially encoding the elements by adopting an LSTM (least squares TM), and capturing the combined semantics of the entities with the relation as a condition;
a weight acquisition module: and combining multiple paths by using the pooling layer, and outputting a final score of the given user interacting with the project, namely a dam measuring point weight value.
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| CN115982374A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-04-18 | 河海大学 | Dam emergency response knowledge base linkage multi-view learning entity alignment method and system |
| CN116861785A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-10-10 | 河海大学 | Knowledge-graph-based concrete dam key part partitioning method and device |
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