CN113266556A - Compressor stepless air quantity regulation configuration control method adopting pressure ratio control - Google Patents

Compressor stepless air quantity regulation configuration control method adopting pressure ratio control Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113266556A
CN113266556A CN202110613623.6A CN202110613623A CN113266556A CN 113266556 A CN113266556 A CN 113266556A CN 202110613623 A CN202110613623 A CN 202110613623A CN 113266556 A CN113266556 A CN 113266556A
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pressure
stage
compressor
cylinder
control unit
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李泉泉
常海城
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Wuxi Kangzi Compressor Fittings And Systems Co ltd
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Wuxi Kangzi Compressor Fittings And Systems Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06Control using electricity
    • F04B49/065Control using electricity and making use of computers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/002Hydraulic systems to change the pump delivery
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/08Regulating by delivery pressure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a compressor stepless air volume regulation configuration control method adopting pressure ratio control, which is based on a compressor set with a plurality of cylinders connected in series, wherein each stage of cylinder is controlled by a corresponding electric control unit, and the compressor set is controlled by a stepless air volume regulation system; the electric control unit of the first-stage cylinder is simultaneously controlled by the inlet pressure signal of the compressor unit and the pressure signal of the reaction system; the electric control unit of the primary cylinder selects the two signals in a low mode; firstly protecting the pressure of the inlet of the compressor and secondly protecting the reaction pressure of the system; then, the electric control unit of the next-stage cylinder is controlled by the pressure ratio of the previous-stage cylinder to positively act, and when the exhaust pressure value of the previous-stage cylinder rises, the load input of the current stage is increased; when the inlet pressure value of the cylinder at the previous stage is reduced, the load input of the current stage is reduced, and the exhaust pressure value at the previous stage is ensured not to be too low.

Description

Compressor stepless air quantity regulation configuration control method adopting pressure ratio control
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of compressor control methods, in particular to a stepless air quantity regulation configuration control method for a multistage reciprocating compressor by adopting pressure ratio control.
Background
At present, the quantity of gas quantity stepless regulating systems of domestic large reciprocating compressor units is increased more and more, and the regulating principle is that an air inlet valve is forcibly opened in a partial stroke of a compression stroke to realize gas backflow, and only the gas quantity which is actually needed is compressed. The P-V (pressure-volume) indicator diagram of a reciprocating compressor is a curve reflecting the variation of the gas pressure in the cylinder when the piston is at different positions in one working cycle (360 degrees of crankshaft rotation), and is also called as a gas diagram. A series of analysis and calculation can be carried out on the working process of the compressor according to the P-V diagram, and for the gas quantity stepless regulation system, the indicated power of the compressed gas can be calculated according to the area of the P-V diagram. As shown in figure 1, under the action of the stepless air quantity regulating system, the C-C' stage of the compression stroke is not compressed, and the power consumption of the compressor can be intuitively seen from the P-V indicator diagram.
The basic control process principle of the stepless air quantity regulating system is as follows: DCS (distributed control system) sends load control signals of all levels to an ECU (electronic control unit) of a middle interface unit, the sending signals are 4-20 mA analog quantities, and the sending signals correspond to 0-100% of working load of the compressor. After receiving the load signal, the ECU converts the load signal into an on-off signal of a high-speed electromagnetic valve of the actuating mechanism, and controls the delayed closing time of the air inlet valve according to the on-off interval duration, so that the load of the compressor is subjected to stepless regulation. Since the control phase of each intake valve is different, the control commands sent by the ECU are also out of phase. The load control signals of each stage sent by the DCS are generally automatically calculated and output by a PID (proportional integral) controller according to parameters required by the process, such as pressure, flow rate, temperature, etc. The process parameters are different for different production devices.
The power consumption of the compressor can be visually and qualitatively observed from the P-V indicator diagram of the reciprocating compressor in FIG. 2, but the air inlet and outlet pressures cannot be kept unchanged in actual operation. For a common three-stage compressor set, the inlet pressure fluctuates between 2.0 and 2.4MPa due to pressure fluctuation of the whole hydrogen pipe network, if the inlet pressure and the exhaust pressure are taken as control parameters of the system, the inlet pressure fluctuates by 20 percent for a first-stage cylinder, and the air quantity and the exhaust temperature of the compressor cylinder are closely related to the inlet pressure and the exhaust pressure.
For cylinder air quantity, its most important influence factor λv-volume factor, representing the effective utilization of the stroke volume, calculated by the formula
Figure BDA0003096600770000011
In the formula
Figure BDA0003096600770000012
Is a relative clearance volume;
Figure BDA0003096600770000013
is the pressure ratio;
without loss of generality, the exhaust temperature is calculated according to an ideal gas adiabatic compression process, with the formula
Figure BDA0003096600770000021
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the operation parameters of the second and third-stage cylinders can be kept stable by using the intake/exhaust pressures as the control parameters of the didroc system, but the load percentage and the exhaust temperature of the first-stage cylinder will change along with the fluctuation of the intake pressure. This control (see fig. 3 in detail) therefore has its disadvantages.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the method solves the problem that in actual operation, when inlet pressure is reduced, the existing pressure control scheme is easy to cause first-stage no-load and becomes a gas channel, so that the pressure ratio of a subsequent compression stage is greatly increased.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a stepless air quantity regulation configuration control method for a multistage reciprocating compressor adopting pressure ratio control comprises the following steps: the compressor unit is controlled by a plurality of cylinders in series, each stage of cylinder is controlled by a corresponding electric control unit, the control signals of the first-stage electric control unit are from a compressor inlet pressure signal PIC controller and the control signals of the second-stage electric control unit and the third-stage electric control unit are from a second-stage pressure ratio PIC controller.
A stepless air volume adjusting configuration control method of a multistage reciprocating compressor controlled by pressure ratio is based on a compressor set formed by connecting a plurality of cylinders in series, wherein each stage of cylinder is controlled by a corresponding electric control unit, and the compressor set is controlled by a stepless air volume adjusting system; the electric control unit of the first-stage cylinder is simultaneously controlled by the inlet pressure signal of the compressor unit and the pressure signal of the reaction system; the electric control unit of the primary cylinder selects the two signals in a low mode; firstly protecting the pressure of the inlet of the compressor and secondly protecting the reaction pressure of the system; then, the electric control unit of the next-stage cylinder is controlled by the pressure ratio of the previous-stage cylinder to positively act, and when the exhaust pressure value of the previous-stage cylinder rises, the load input of the current stage is increased; and when the inlet pressure value of the cylinder at the upper stage is reduced, reducing the load input of the current stage, and ensuring that the exhaust pressure value at the upper stage is not lower than the lower limit of the set value.
Preferably, the compressor unit includes a primary cylinder, a secondary cylinder, and a tertiary cylinder.
Preferably, the stepless air volume adjusting system comprises an actuating mechanism, an electric control unit and a hydraulic energy source.
Preferably, the actuating mechanism is arranged on an air inlet valve pressure valve cover of the compressor unit, and directly acts on the valve plate through an air inlet valve ejector rod and controls the opening and closing movement of the valve plate.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the ECU-1 for controlling the primary load of the compressor unit is controlled by the inlet pressure signal of the compressor unit and the pressure signal of the reaction system together, and carries out low selection on the two PIC signals; firstly protecting the inlet pressure and secondly protecting the reaction pressure of the system;
2. the ECU-2 for controlling the secondary load is controlled by the primary pressure ratio and has positive effect, and when the primary pressure discharge value rises, the secondary load is increased and more air is extracted; when the primary inlet pressure value is reduced, the secondary load is reduced, and the primary exhaust pressure value is ensured not to be too low;
3. the ECU-3 for controlling the third-level load is controlled by the second-level pressure ratio to positively act, and when the second-level pressure discharge value rises, the third-level load is increased and more air is extracted; when the secondary inlet pressure value is reduced, the tertiary load is reduced, and the secondary exhaust pressure value is ensured not to be too low.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic control flow chart with various pressure ratios as control parameters;
FIG. 2 is a P-V indicator diagram for stepless regulation of gas amount;
FIG. 3 is a schematic control flow chart of various pressures as control parameters;
Detailed Description
Example (b):
as shown in the attached figure 1, the compressor unit based on the control of the stepless air quantity adjusting system comprises an actuating mechanism, an electric control unit and a hydraulic energy source. The actuating mechanism is arranged on a pressure valve cover of an air inlet valve of the compressor, and directly acts on the valve plate through a special ejector rod of the air inlet valve to control the opening and closing movement of the valve plate. The number of the air inlet valves of the compressor is more, generally 4-28, and the air inlet valves of the acting cavities on each side are located at different control phases, so that the required control signals are different. If hard-wire connection is adopted, each side or each actuating mechanism needs to be independently wired, so that field wiring is complicated, construction amount is increased, and cost is increased. Meanwhile, if the working state of each actuating mechanism needs to be monitored, separate wiring is also needed, and the condition monitoring is not facilitated. Therefore, the domestic stepless air quantity regulating system installed on the compressor adopts a signal control scheme based on an MODBUS RS485 industrial control bus, the control mode is reliable in signal transmission and high in control precision, control signals can be sent to 8-24 execution mechanisms simultaneously through one control bus, and meanwhile the working state of each execution mechanism can be sent back to the ECU control unit through the bus.
In order to overcome the defects caused by adopting the air inlet/exhaust pressure as a system control parameter, a scheme of adopting a pressure ratio as a control parameter is adopted, and the specific mode is as follows:
the ECU-1 controlling the primary load of the compressor unit is controlled by the inlet pressure signal and the inlet pressure signal of the compressor unit together, and carries out low selection on the two PIC signals; the inlet pressure is protected first and the system reaction pressure is protected second.
The ECU-2 for controlling the secondary load is controlled by the primary pressure ratio, and has positive effect, and when the primary pressure discharge value rises, the secondary load is increased and more air is extracted; when the primary inlet pressure value drops, the secondary load is reduced and it is ensured that the primary exhaust pressure value is not too low.
The ECU-3 for controlling the tertiary load is controlled by the secondary pressure ratio, and has positive effect, and when the secondary pressure discharge value rises, the tertiary load is increased and more air is extracted; and when the secondary inlet pressure value is reduced, the tertiary load is reduced, and the secondary exhaust pressure value is ensured not to be lower than the lower limit of the set value.
Table 1 shows the pressure parameters of each stage of the compressor unit using pressure ratio control and pressure control, respectively;
comparison parameters (inlet pressure 2.0 MPa) Pressure parameter control scheme Pressure ratio parameter control scheme
First class pressure Mpa 4.4 4.2
Second grade discharge pressure Mpa 8.2 8.4
Three-stage discharge pressure Mpa 17.4 17.4
First order exhaust temperature C 110 105
Secondary exhaust temperature deg.C 95 105
Tertiary exhaust temperature deg.C 105 102
First order pressure ratio 2.14 2.05
Second order pressure ratio 1.84 1.98
Third stage pressure ratio 2.11 2.06
As can be seen from the table above, the exhaust temperature and the pressure ratio of each stage are more balanced and reasonable by adopting a pressure ratio control mode.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concepts disclosed herein be covered by the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a multistage reciprocating compressor stepless tolerance that adopts pressure ratio control adjusts configuration control method, is based on the compressor unit that a plurality of cylinders are established ties, and every grade cylinder is controlled by corresponding electric control unit, its characterized in that: the compressor unit is controlled by a stepless air quantity regulating system; the electric control unit of the first-stage cylinder is simultaneously controlled by the inlet pressure signal of the compressor unit and the pressure signal of the reaction system; the electric control unit of the primary cylinder selects the two signals in a low mode; firstly protecting the pressure of the inlet of the compressor and secondly protecting the reaction pressure of the system; then, the electric control unit of the next-stage cylinder is controlled by the pressure ratio of the previous-stage cylinder to positively act, and when the exhaust pressure value of the previous-stage cylinder rises, the load input of the current stage is increased; and when the inlet pressure value of the cylinder at the upper stage is reduced, reducing the load input of the current stage, and ensuring that the exhaust pressure value at the upper stage is not lower than the lower limit of the set value.
2. The stepless air volume regulation configuration control method of the multistage reciprocating compressor adopting the pressure ratio control as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the compressor unit comprises a first-stage cylinder, a second-stage cylinder and a third-stage cylinder.
3. The stepless air volume regulation configuration control method of the multistage reciprocating compressor adopting pressure ratio control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the stepless air quantity regulating system comprises an actuating mechanism, an electric control unit and a hydraulic energy source.
4. The stepless capacity adjustment configuration control method of the multistage reciprocating compressor adopting the pressure ratio control as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the actuating mechanism is arranged on an air inlet valve pressure valve cover of the compressor unit, and directly acts on the valve plate through an air inlet valve ejector rod and controls the opening and closing movement of the valve plate.
CN202110613623.6A 2021-06-02 2021-06-02 Compressor stepless air quantity regulation configuration control method adopting pressure ratio control Withdrawn CN113266556A (en)

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Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
杨成炯等: "DidroCOM气量无级调节系统在新氢压缩机上的应用", 化工设备与管道, vol. 56, no. 1, pages 42 - 45 *

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