CN1132471C - Soft switching method for CDNA system - Google Patents

Soft switching method for CDNA system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1132471C
CN1132471C CN 00109423 CN00109423A CN1132471C CN 1132471 C CN1132471 C CN 1132471C CN 00109423 CN00109423 CN 00109423 CN 00109423 A CN00109423 A CN 00109423A CN 1132471 C CN1132471 C CN 1132471C
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add
drop
travelling carriage
current
base station
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CN1330502A (en
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赵建
郑平方
孙玲
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a Soft switching method of a CDMA system, which is suitable for the current code division multiple access system. The present invention is characterized in that the system acts to start-up and activate the soft switching course by the variation of introduced communication quality pilot parameters and measured pilot signal intensity; simultaneously, a mobile station dynamically regulate the threshold value of starting-up and ending soft switching according to communication quality indication. The present invention not only improves the technical performance of the soft switching, reduces lost talking rate, and enhances the communication quality in the process of switching cross areas, but also enables the system to release resources as soon as possible and further increases the system capacity.

Description

A kind of soft handover method of cdma system
The present invention relates to code division multiple access (Code Division Multiple Access, hereinafter to be referred as CDMA) switching controls technical field in the mobile communication system, refer to especially the communication quality indication parameter is introduced the soft handover method that a kind of mistake frame indication in the CDMA soft handoff mechanism activates.
So-called soft handover is when travelling carriage begins to get in touch with a new base station, do not interrupt immediately with original base station between communicating by letter, its is kept in touch with former base station and new base station in handoff procedure simultaneously, with assurance communicate by letter unimpeded.Soft handover comprises between the sub-district of different base station, between two sectors of different base station, the sub-district of different base station and the switching of sector three party.Its advantage is: 1. reduced call drop or call interruption probability; 2. be seamless switching, keep communication continuity; 3. improve transmission quality, reduced the transmitted power of travelling carriage.In a word, the basic goal of soft handover is in order to realize communication quality by the smooth transition of former base station to the purpose base station, and it makes communication quality better and increased capacity to a certain extent, is one of advantage technology that embodies cdma system.
Present cdma system all adopts the variation of the pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) of moving table measuring base station to activate soft handover, be near the pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) of the base station moving table measuring, with the foundation of these measured values as management adjacent pilot frequencies collection, candidate's pilot set, effective pilot set and activation soft handover.Wherein, 1. effective pilot set is meant and the corresponding pilot set in base station of getting in touch.2. candidate's pilot set is meant currently not at effective pilot set, but existing enough intensity shows the pilot set that can be moved platform success demodulation with the corresponding service in base station channel of this pilot tone.3. the adjacent pilot frequencies collection be meant current not at effectively pilot set or candidate's pilot set, but the pilot set that can enter candidate's pilot set under certain condition.
During soft handover, the cdma system travelling carriage utilizes a plurality of single path receiving branchs of multipath (RAKE) receiver, beginning is set up service link with new base station, but do not interrupt simultaneously the service link with original serving BS, receive up to travelling carriage and just cut off when former signal of base station is lower than a threshold value and the getting in touch of former base station.Existing soft switching process is such:
(1) user is current with base station A conversation; The pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) that arrives certain new base station B when moving table measuring is above behind a certain thresholding T_ADD, and travelling carriage will send a pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) to the base station A that is conversing and measure message.
(2) after base station A receives pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) measurement message, comprehensive various factors is through certain algorithm, think and to forward this candidate base station B to effective pilot set from candidate's pilot set, and the transmission switch indicating information is used base station A and B simultaneously to travelling carriage indication travelling carriage.
(3) after travelling carriage is received this switch indicating information, the pilot signal of candidate base station B is moved to effective pilot set from candidate's pilot set, bring into use effective pilot set (A, B), and send all and change and finish message.
(4) (when T_DROP<T_ADD) was following, travelling carriage started the switching of the effective pilot set of this pilot tone and removes timer when pilot tone a-signal intensity (or signal interference ratio) drops to another thresholding T_DROP.
(5) effectively pilot set switch remove timer then after, travelling carriage sends a pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) and measures message.
(6) base station receives this pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) and measures message, comprehensive various factors is through certain algorithm, think and base station A can be moved to the adjacent pilot frequencies collection from effective pilot set, and the loopback switch indicating information is only used base station B to travelling carriage indication travelling carriage.
(7) travelling carriage moves to the adjacent pilot frequencies collection to base station A from effective pilot set, and sends handoff completion message.
Wherein, T_ADD and T_DROP provide by network layer for the threshold value of startup, ends soft handover.
In above-mentioned soft switching process, when travelling carriage enters the intersection of a plurality of base stations, because weakening of influence that multiple access disturbs and signal strength signal intensity, the communication quality of travelling carriage is variation, but the purpose pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) of adjacent base station does not reach T_ADD as yet near T_ADD, promptly the condition according to strength of pilot channels activation soft handover satisfies, therefore, may cause travelling carriage still to fail to enter soft switching process, communication quality has taken place to be worsened, and even the situation of call drop, thereby the advantage technology of this cdma system of soft handover can not or can not be played a role fully.In addition, in district's handoff procedure, when travelling carriage has been crossed when Zone switched, the signal quality of new sub-district has been enough to guarantee to provide good communication quality, but this moment is not because the pilot signal strength of former sub-district is lower than T_DROP, travelling carriage also can continue to keep and the getting in touch of former sub-district, and will take the resource of " unnecessary " like this, thereby reduce the capacity of whole system.
In view of this, in Chinese patent CN00107632.9, the soft handover method of a kind of CDMA has been proposed, be in the change triggers mechanism that keeps the pilot signal strength that moving table measuring arrives, the detected continuous a plurality of wrong mistake frames of communication quality indication parameter-travelling carriage indicate acting in conjunction to start to activate by introducing.It is that the indication of mistake frame is incorporated in the existing handover mechanism, but does not change the hardware environment and the signaling design of existing cdma system, only the control corresponding flow process is made an amendment slightly, and be to effectively replenishing that prior art is carried out.But also just owing to consider compatibility with prior art, this technical characterstic can not be brought into play to a greater extent, make system slower to the reaction of soft handover, system resource can not effectively be utilized.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soft handover method of cdma system, it is when will missing frame indication and being incorporated in the soft handoff mechanism, indication is done dynamic adjustment to the threshold value that starts, finish to switch according to the mistake frame, make system can discharge resource as soon as possible, thereby improve power system capacity to a greater degree.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of soft handover method that is applied to cdma system, key is: this system, starts with the variation acting in conjunction of the measured pilot signal strength of travelling carriage and to activate soft handover as the communication quality indication parameter by continuous rub-out signal indication that travelling carriage is detected; Simultaneously, travelling carriage is dynamically adjusted current startup soft handover threshold value and ends soft handover threshold value according to the current communication quality indication parameter that detects.Wherein, described communication quality indication parameter is that travelling carriage detects erroneous frame indication continuous more than.
This method specifically comprises following steps:
(1) base station is detected the communication quality indication obtain according to travelling carriage and is judged that current communication quality is very poor, and the pilot signal strength of finding existing adjacent base station near but when not reaching current startup handoff threshold value T_ADD as yet, start this handover mechanism;
(2) travelling carriage is dynamically adjusted current startup soft handover threshold T _ ADD and ends soft handover threshold T _ DROP according to the communication quality indication;
(3) after the pilot signal strength of moving table measuring certain base station in candidate's pilot set surpasses current T_ADD, travelling carriage will send a pilot signal strength to the former base station of conversing and measure message;
(4) after the base station receives this pilot signal strength measurement message, think and candidate base station can be moved to effective pilot set from candidate's pilot set through certain algorithm, and send switch indicating information to travelling carriage;
(5) after travelling carriage is received this switch indicating information, this candidate base station is moved to effective pilot set from candidate's pilot set;
(6) drop to current T_DROP when following when former pilot signal strength, travelling carriage starts the switching of the effective pilot set of this pilot tone and removes timer;
(7) effectively pilot set switch remove timer then after, travelling carriage sends a pilot signal strength and measures message;
(8) base station receives this pilot signal strength and measures message, think and former base station can be moved to the adjacent pilot frequencies collection from effective pilot set through certain algorithm, and the loopback switch indicating information is to travelling carriage;
(9) travelling carriage moves to the adjacent pilot frequencies collection to former base station from effective pilot set, and sends handoff completion message.
Wherein, described T_ADD and T_DROP value provide by network layer.
In said method, described dynamic adjustment further comprises the steps:
A. travelling carriage judges whether erroneous frame continuous more than according to the current communication quality indication parameter that detects, and then enters step b if having, otherwise enters step c;
B. judge that whether current startup soft handover threshold T _ ADD value switch minimum threshold T_ADD_MIN greater than starting, deduct and start switching step-length T_ADD_STEP if then T_ADD value is adjusted into current T_ADD, and with adjusted T_ADD as current T_ADD;
Judge that whether current ends soft handover threshold T _ DROP value is greater than finishing to switch minimum threshold T_DROP_MIN, deduct and finish to switch step-length T_DROP_STEP if then the T_DROP value is adjusted into current T_DROP, and with adjusted T_DROP as current T_DROP;
Return step a then;
C. travelling carriage has judged whether that according to the current communication quality indication parameter that detects an above successive frame all is correct frame, then enters steps d if having, otherwise returns step a;
D. judge whether current T_ADD value switches high threshold T_ADD_MAX less than startup, adds T_ADD_STEP if then the T_ADD value is adjusted into current T_ADD, and with adjusted T_ADD as current T_ADD;
Judge that current T_DROP value whether less than finishing to switch high threshold T_DROP_MAX, adds T_DROP_STEP if then the T_DROP value is adjusted into current T_DROP, and with adjusted T_DROP as current T_DROP; Return step a then.
In the said process, described T_ADD_MIN, T_ADD_MAX, T_ADD_STEP, T_DROP_MIN, T_DROP_MAX and T_DROP_STEP rule of thumb are worth setting by system.
The soft handover method of a kind of cdma system provided by the present invention has following effect:
At first, the basic goal of soft handover is to distinguish the speech quality of process more for improving travelling carriage, the present invention directly is incorporated into the detection of a kind of indication-erroneous frame of speech quality in the trigger mechanism of soft handover, makes reaction method that travelling carriage worsens the speech quality of distinguishing process more more rapidly, directly.
Secondly, the present invention has remedied the deficiency of existing cdma system soft switching process, utilize the indication of mistake frame when the communication quality variation, in time start soft switching process, and according to the testing result of communication quality to starting and the threshold T _ ADD and the T_DROP of ends soft handover do dynamic adjustment, the system that makes reacts faster to soft handover, and free system resources as soon as possible, thereby improve power system capacity greatly, and improve better that communication quality in district's process more worsens and even the situation of call drop.
The 3rd, the present invention need not to change handoff procedure, system hardware and signaling design, is that the effective of existing cdma system soft hand-off replenished, and makes it be easier to realize, and is easier to carry out on existing cdma system the function expansion.
The present invention is further described in more detail below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the embodiment schematic diagram of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 realizes the receiver block diagram of the inventive method for cdma system.
At first, see also shown in Figure 1ly, suppose when travelling carriage begins to converse 1 the A position in the base station, move the B position to base station 2 in communication process.The latter half of Fig. 1 is given in travelling carriage in this process received variation and soft switching process from the pilot frequency intensity of base station 1, base station 2.
If according to traditional soft switching process, base station 2 joins effective pilot set constantly at t2, t2 to t3 in the time period travelling carriage receive and merge multipath signal from base station 1, base station 2, withdraw from effective pilot set in base station 1 constantly at t4, soft switching process finishes.
Yet, when t1, be carved into t2 constantly during this period of time in, base station 1 signal strength signal intensity descends very fast, speech quality runs down, although the intensity of base station 2 is suitable with base station 1, but do not reach the T_ADD value as yet, therefore can't join effective pilot set, cause its stronger signal can not be received machine and effectively utilize.Therefore, be likely that travelling carriage does not carry out soft switching process as yet, this communication process is the call drop because of the quick deterioration of speech quality.On the other hand, after entering soft changing state, base station 2 signal strength signal intensity increases are very fast, the needs of independent support communication can have been reached, but base station 1 signal strength signal intensity descends not less than T_DROP, so soft handover is kept continuing, base station 1 shared Radio Resource still can't obtain discharging.
The soft handover method specific implementation process that mistake frame provided by the present invention indication activates is such:
(1) the current use of user base station A communication; When judging according to the detected current error rate of travelling carriage or frame error rate or other indexs, base station A finds that communication quality is very poor, and the pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) of finding existing adjacent base station near but during not greater than thresholding T_ADD, be the current pilot signal strength signal intensity greater than T_ADD_MIN less than T_ADD, then by base station initiated handover mechanism.
(2) travelling carriage obtains the frame quality indication of every frame on its channel-decoding unit.
According to the detection statistics result, travelling carriage is done following dynamic adjustment to T_ADD:
The continuous n frame of-Ruo all is an erroneous frame, whether then judges T_ADD greater than T_ADD_MIN, if then deduct T_ADD_STEP;
The continuous n frame of-Ruo all is correct frame, whether then judges T_ADD less than T_ADD_MAX, if then add T_ADD_STEP;
-other situation, T_ADD is constant.
According to measurement result, travelling carriage is also done following dynamic adjustment to T_DROP simultaneously:
The continuous n frame of-Ruo all is an erroneous frame, whether then judges T_DROP greater than T_DROP_MIN, if then deduct T_DROP_STEP;
The continuous n frame of-Ruo all is correct frame, whether then judges T_DROP less than T_DROP_MAX, if then add T_DROP_STEP;
-other situation, T_DROP is constant.
Among the present invention, as starting the soft handover threshold value, current T_DROP is as the ends soft handover threshold value with current T_ADD, and these two values provide by network layer.
T_ADD_MIN is the minimum value that T_ADD can obtain, and switches minimum threshold as starting; T_ADD_MAX is the maximum that T_ADD can obtain, and switches high threshold as startup; T_ADD_STEP is a step-length of adjusting T_ADD.T_DROP_MIN is the minimum value that T_DROP can obtain, as finishing to switch minimum threshold; T_DROP_MAX is the maximum that T_DROP can obtain, as finishing to switch high threshold; T_DROP_STEP is a step-length of adjusting T_DROP, more than six values all can be by default.
So the purpose of adjusting is for better assurance speech quality and free system resources as soon as possible.When having measured continuous n mistake frame, the communication quality that base station A is described worsens, reduce the T_ADD value this moment can make system start soft handover as soon as possible, communication quality when enabling new base station communication as early as possible and could guarantee to distinguish more, also reducing the T_DROP value when reducing the T_ADD value is for after independently fully supporting communication requirement in new base station, withdraw from soft handover as early as possible, to discharge the shared Radio Resource of base station A.When measuring a continuous n frame when all being correct frame, illustrate that base station A can also guarantee current communication quality, enough good communication quality can not be provided if switch perhaps new base station this moment, but the Radio Resource of " unnecessary " can be taken; The communication quality that perhaps new base station also can provide, but use base station A and new base station to cause the waste of resource equally simultaneously, therefore, strengthen the T_ADD value this moment and make system postpone the startup soft handover, thereby avoid causing resource waste, and farthest improved the capacity of system.
(3) after the pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) of moving table measuring certain base station B in candidate's pilot set surpasses a certain thresholding T_ADD, travelling carriage will send a pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) to the base station A that is conversing and measure message.
(4) after the base station receives this pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) measurement message, comprehensive various index is through certain algorithm, think and candidate base station B can be moved to effective pilot set from candidate's pilot set, and the transmission switch indicating information is used base station A and B simultaneously to travelling carriage indication travelling carriage.
(5) after travelling carriage was received this switch indicating information, B moved to effective pilot set from candidate's pilot set with this candidate base station, brought into use effective pilot set (A, B).
(6) (when T_DROP<T_ADD) was following, travelling carriage started the switching of the effective pilot set of this pilot tone and removes timer when pilot tone a-signal intensity (or signal interference ratio) drops to another thresholding T_DROP.
(7) effectively pilot set switch remove timer then after, travelling carriage sends a pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) and measures message.
(8) base station receives this pilot signal strength (or signal interference ratio) and measures message, comprehensive various factors is through certain algorithm, think and base station A can be moved to the adjacent pilot frequencies collection from effective pilot set, and the loopback switch indicating information is only used base station B to travelling carriage indication travelling carriage.
(9) travelling carriage moves to the adjacent pilot frequencies collection to base station A from effective pilot set, and sends handoff completion message.
In the above-mentioned implementation process of the present invention, be that a kind of indication parameter-mistake frame of communication quality is indicated in the soft handoff mechanism that is incorporated into existing pilot signal strength triggering, to existing systems hardware, flow process and signaling design do not increase or change, as long as the threshold value to the control soft handoff procedure is done the corresponding dynamic adjustment, so just can avoid just producing before travelling carriage does not enter soft switching process as yet communication quality worsens, and even the phenomenon of call drop, make this travelling carriage relatively waltz through the critical days that call drop took place to the t3 time period t2, realize travelling carriage from the base station 1 to the base station 2 handovers stably, the communication quality when having guaranteed handover; Simultaneously, can make travelling carriage find to enter soft handover as soon as possible after communication quality worsens, and can promptly after base station 2 is enough to provide reliable speech quality, allow base station 1 withdraw from soft switching process as early as possible, the Radio Resource of early release base station 1 in the suitable moment.
Referring again to shown in Figure 1, detailed process of the present invention is as follows:
At t1 constantly, base station 1 signal strength signal intensity descends very fast, travelling carriage monitors speech quality by frame error rate (FER) to begin to worsen, simultaneously travelling carriage also detect base station 2 signal greater than T_ADD_MIN less than T_ADD, this moment, travelling carriage started the soft switching process that the indication of mistake frame activates, and the signal strength signal intensity that makes full use of base station the last 2 is improved speech quality.
T2 to t3 in the time period travelling carriage keep soft changing state, receive and merge multipath signal from base station 1, base station 2.The very fast increase of the signal strength signal intensity of base station 2, communication quality is better in the quite a while, T_DROP dynamically increases, and at t3 constantly, base station 1 is promptly less than T_DROP, thereby withdraw from effective pilot set, soft switching process finishes, and base station 1 is in the t3 moment, rather than t4 promptly discharges Radio Resource constantly, t3 promptly can be other user to the Radio Resource in this section of t4 service is provided, thereby has improved the capacity of system to greatest extent.
The receiver block diagram that Fig. 2 realizes for the soft handover method that the indication of cdma system mistake frame activates.According to shown in Figure 2, for obtaining the frame quality indication of every frame, after the decoding of voice data channel, judgment frame is correct frame or erroneous frame, and the result is fed back to CPU or DSP, triggers, finishes mistake frame indication soft switching process according to condition of the present invention and process.Mistake frame indication soft handover does not influence the soft switching process under the normal condition.
Above-mentioned is one embodiment of the invention only, is not in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of soft handover method that is applied to cdma system, it is characterized in that: this system, starts with the variation acting in conjunction of the measured pilot signal strength of travelling carriage and to activate soft handover as the communication quality indication parameter by continuous rub-out signal indication that travelling carriage is detected; Simultaneously, travelling carriage is dynamically adjusted current startup soft handover threshold value and ends soft handover threshold value according to the current communication quality indication parameter that detects.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described communication quality indication parameter is that travelling carriage detects erroneous frame indication continuous more than.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that this method specifically comprises following steps:
(1) base station is detected the communication quality indication obtain according to travelling carriage and is judged that current communication quality is very poor, and the pilot signal strength of finding existing adjacent base station near but when not reaching current startup soft handover threshold T _ ADD as yet, start this handover mechanism;
(2) travelling carriage is dynamically adjusted current startup soft handover threshold T _ ADD and ends soft handover threshold T _ DROP according to the communication quality indication;
(3) after the pilot signal strength of moving table measuring certain base station in candidate's pilot set surpasses current T_ADD, travelling carriage will send a pilot signal strength to the former base station of conversing and measure message;
(4) after the base station receives this pilot signal strength measurement message, think and candidate base station can be moved to effective pilot set from candidate's pilot set through certain algorithm, and send switch indicating information to travelling carriage;
(5) after travelling carriage is received this switch indicating information, this candidate base station is moved to effective pilot set from candidate's pilot set;
(6) drop to current T_DROP when following when former pilot signal strength, travelling carriage starts the switching of the effective pilot set of this pilot tone and removes timer;
(7) effectively pilot set switch remove timer then after, travelling carriage sends a pilot signal strength and measures message;
(8) base station receives this pilot signal strength and measures message, think and former base station can be moved to the adjacent pilot frequencies collection from effective pilot set through certain algorithm, and the loopback switch indicating information is to travelling carriage;
(9) travelling carriage moves to the adjacent pilot frequencies collection to former base station from effective pilot set, and sends handoff completion message.
4,, it is characterized in that described dynamic adjustment further comprises the steps: according to claim 1 or 3 described methods
A. travelling carriage judges whether erroneous frame continuous more than according to the current communication quality indication parameter that detects, and then enters step b if having, otherwise enters step c;
B. judge that whether current startup soft handover threshold T _ ADD value switch minimum threshold T_ADD_MIN greater than starting, deduct and start switching step-length T_ADD_STEP if then T_ADD value is adjusted into current T_ADD, and with adjusted T_ADD as current T_ADD;
Judge that whether current ends soft handover threshold T _ DROP value is greater than finishing to switch minimum threshold T_DROP_MIN, deduct and finish to switch step-length T_DROP_STEP if then the T_DROP value is adjusted into current T_DROP, and with adjusted T_DROP as current T_DROP;
Return step a then;
C. travelling carriage has judged whether that according to the current communication quality indication parameter that detects an above successive frame all is correct frame, then enters steps d if having, otherwise returns step a;
D. judge whether current T_ADD value switches high threshold T_ADD_MAX less than startup, adds T_ADD_STEP if then the T_ADD value is adjusted into current T_ADD, and with adjusted T_ADD as current T_ADD;
Judge that current T_DROP value whether less than finishing to switch high threshold T_DROP_MAX, adds T_DROP_STEP if then the T_DROP value is adjusted into current T_DROP, and with adjusted T_DROP as current T_DROP;
Return step a then.
5, method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described T_ADD and T_DROP value provide by network layer.
6, method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described T_ADD_MIN, T_ADD_MAX, T_ADD_STEP, T_DROP_MIN, T_DROP_MAX and T_DROP_STEP rule of thumb are worth setting by system.
CN 00109423 2000-06-23 2000-06-23 Soft switching method for CDNA system Expired - Fee Related CN1132471C (en)

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CN1520078B (en) * 2003-01-22 2010-04-28 华为技术有限公司 Method for adjusting soft switching threshold
CN100359985C (en) * 2003-12-25 2008-01-02 华为技术有限公司 A method for decreasing switching ratio of CDMA system
CN100455102C (en) * 2004-06-07 2009-01-21 华为技术有限公司 Soft hand off method for code divide multiple access system
CN100403845C (en) * 2004-11-30 2008-07-16 华为技术有限公司 Method for increasing switch success ratio in broad band CDMA system
AU2004325915B2 (en) * 2004-12-21 2010-06-17 Zte Corporation A method for wireless terminal dynamically switching window in a wireless LAN environment
US20070047489A1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-01 Bachl Rainer W Handoffs in wireless communications network incorporating voice over IP using shared supplemental spreading codes
CN102026283A (en) * 2009-09-22 2011-04-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Load adjustment factor informing and DRC (Dada Rate Control) directing decision and switching decision methods and devices
CN102143557A (en) * 2011-01-26 2011-08-03 清华大学 Airborne-bus-based civil aeroplane mobile communication cabin access system and method

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