CN113245911A - Surface forming process method for inner hole of cylinder sleeve - Google Patents
Surface forming process method for inner hole of cylinder sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN113245911A CN113245911A CN202110660858.0A CN202110660858A CN113245911A CN 113245911 A CN113245911 A CN 113245911A CN 202110660858 A CN202110660858 A CN 202110660858A CN 113245911 A CN113245911 A CN 113245911A
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- honing
- inner hole
- cylinder sleeve
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
- B24B33/02—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution, e.g. of cylindrical or conical shapes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B39/00—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor
- B24B39/02—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/006—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the speed
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cylinder sleeve inner hole surface processing, in particular to a cylinder sleeve inner hole surface forming process method, which comprises the steps of respectively carrying out rough honing, semi-fine honing, extrusion polishing and other processing process flows, reasonably matching main process parameters such as main shaft rotating speed, main shaft reciprocating speed, honing pressure, honing time and the like by adopting proper honing oilstone characteristic combination, and finally obtaining a strengthened fine reticulated surface with good surface microstructure oil storage performance; the invention obtains a fine reticulate surface with good oil storage performance and high fatigue strength, obviously improves the bearing capacity, the wear resistance and the cylinder pulling resistance of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve, and enables the engine to meet the requirements of high power, high detonation pressure and high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface processing of inner bores of cylinder sleeves, in particular to a process method for forming the surfaces of the inner bores of the cylinder sleeves.
Background
The cylinder sleeve is a core part of an engine combustion system, and the surface of an inner hole of the cylinder sleeve, the top of a piston, a piston ring and the bottom of a cylinder cover form a combustion chamber and guide the piston to do reciprocating linear motion. In the working process, the surface of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve not only bears the repeated impact of high-pressure and high-pressure heat load, but also bears the repeated impact of mechanical loads such as strong friction of a pairing pair and severe alternating side pressure caused by high-speed reciprocating motion of a piston. In order to adapt to severe working environment and ensure the working reliability of the engine, higher requirements are provided for the realization technology of the inner hole working surface form of the cylinder sleeve.
The working surface of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve usually adopts a platform reticulate pattern honing forming process, as shown in fig. 1, the surface of the inner hole forms a cross reticulate pattern surface morphology structure with grooves and small platforms at intervals, diamond-shaped small platforms at the top and different groove platform sizes; the existing platform reticulate pattern honing process mainly has the following defects:
1. the machined surface of the finally formed inner hole of the cylinder sleeve usually has rough edges and corners with different sizes, so that the working surface of a piston ring can be damaged in the working process of an engine, the surface of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve is easy to generate stress concentration, the fatigue stripping of a material matrix is easy to cause, and the bearing capacity and the tensile cylinder resistance of the cylinder sleeve are poor;
2. the combination of the roughness parameters of the inner hole is not reasonable, the lubricity and the wear resistance of the working surface of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve are poor, the service life of the cylinder sleeve is short, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention adopts a combined processing and forming process of platform reticulate pattern honing and extruding and polishing to ensure that the rough edge angle of a small platform structure on the processing surface is changed to a fine and smooth shape, thereby forming a micro platform surface, optimizing the shape of an oil storage tank, obtaining the fine reticulate pattern surface with good oil storage performance and high fatigue strength, obviously improving the bearing capacity, the wear resistance and the anti-scuffing property of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve, and ensuring that the engine meets the requirements of high power, high detonation pressure and high reliability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a forming process method for the surface of an inner hole of a cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
step 1, roughly honing an inner hole of a cylinder sleeve, namely correcting a shape error after the processing of an earlier process of the inner hole by rough honing by adopting a diamond honing oilstone to form a certain geometric shape of the surface of the inner hole;
step 2, adopting diamond honing oilstone to perform semi-fine honing on the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve, further improving the geometric form of the surface of the inner hole, and preliminarily forming a uniform cross reticulate pattern structure;
step 3, grinding off cross reticulate pattern peaks formed by semi-finish honing by using black silicon carbide honing oilstones through finish honing, thereby obtaining a fine small platform bearing surface with a high bearing rate;
and 4, extruding and polishing the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve, adopting cork oilstone, and converting the rough edge angle of the fine honing surface small platform structure into a fine smooth form through the inner hole extruding and polishing, so that the surface of the micro platform is formed, the form of the oil storage tank is optimized, and the fine and strengthened reticulate surface of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve with good oil storage performance is obtained.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 1, setting the parameters of the rough honing process: the main shaft rotating speed is 200r/min, the main shaft reciprocating speed is 25m/min, the honing pressure is as follows: first stage 37bar, second stage 35bar, honing time: 50-60 s.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in step 2, setting parameters of the semi-finish honing process: the main shaft rotating speed is 200r/min, the main shaft reciprocating speed is 25m/min, the honing pressure is as follows: one stage 33bar, two stage 28bar, honing time: 40-60 s.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in step 3, setting the parameters of the fine honing process: the main shaft rotating speed is 200r/min, the main shaft reciprocating speed is 25m/min, the honing pressure is as follows: one-stage 25bar, two-stage 20bar, three-stage 15bar, honing time: 9s for the first pressure, 5s for the second pressure, and 7s for the third pressure.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in step 4, the parameters of the extrusion polishing process are set as follows: spindle rotation speed 245r/min, spindle reciprocating speed 25m/min, polishing pressure: 25bar, polishing time: 20 to 22 seconds.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and (3) surface roughness parameters of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve after extrusion polishing: and (Rpk) is as follows: 0.02 to 0.03 μm, Rk: 0.07 to 0.14 μm, Rvk: 0.06-0.29 μm, Mr1 (%): 4.3 to 8.9, Mr2 (%): 79.5 to 88.5.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the material percentage of the cylinder sleeve is C: 0.35 to 0.42, Si: 0.17 to 0.37, Mn: 0.30-0.60, S: 0.025 or less, P: less than or equal to 0.025, Cr: 1.35-1.65, Ni: less than or equal to 0.40, Mo: 0.15 to 0.25, Al: 0.70-1.10, Cu: less than or equal to 0.25.
Compared with the prior art, the forming process method for the inner hole surface of the cylinder sleeve has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a process method for forming the surface of an inner hole of a cylinder sleeve, which effectively avoids the defects of the surface of the traditional platform reticulate pattern honing process, changes the microstructure form of the surface of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve by adopting extrusion polishing, obviously eliminates the rough edge angle of the microstructure of the surface of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve, ensures that the form is fine and smooth, effectively reduces the occurrence rate of stress concentration, can obviously improve the microstructure working performance, enhances the bearing capacity and the tensile cylinder capacity of the surface of the inner hole, and effectively avoids the cylinder pulling phenomenon in the working process of an engine.
2. The invention provides a process for forming the surface of an inner hole of a cylinder sleeve, which ensures that the reticulate pattern on the surface of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve is very fine and has good oil storage performance, thereby not only shortening the initial running-in time of a diesel engine, but also improving the wear resistance of the surface of the inner hole of a steel cylinder sleeve, greatly reducing the wear loss of the surface of the inner hole and prolonging the service life of the engine.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a surface topography structure of a platform cross hatch honing process for the surface of an inner bore of a cylinder liner.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a surface topography structure of a platform cross hatch honing and extrusion polishing combined machining of the surface of an inner bore of a cylinder sleeve.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described by the following detailed description. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The forming process method for the inner hole surface of the cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
step 1, roughly honing an inner hole of a cylinder sleeve, namely correcting a shape error after the processing of an earlier process of the inner hole by rough honing by adopting a diamond honing oilstone to form a certain geometric shape of the surface of the inner hole; the inner hole rough honing is a process which reduces the honing time to the minimum degree, the process adopts 80# diamond honing oilstone, and the rough honing corrects the shape error of the inner hole after the processing of the previous process to form a certain inner hole surface geometric shape; setting the parameters of the rough honing process: the main shaft rotating speed is 200r/min, the main shaft reciprocating speed is 25m/min, the honing pressure is as follows: first stage 37bar, second stage 35bar, honing time: 50-60 s;
step 2, adopting diamond honing oilstone to perform semi-fine honing on the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve, further improving the geometric form of the surface of the inner hole, and preliminarily forming a uniform cross reticulate pattern structure; the inner hole semi-finish honing is an important process for forming a reticulate pattern structure on the surface of an expected inner hole; the process adopts a No. 120 diamond honing oilstone, further improves the geometric form of the surface of an inner hole through semi-finish honing, preliminarily forms a uniform cross reticulate pattern structure, and makes basic preparation for obtaining fine reticulate pattern surface roughness parameters in the subsequent finish honing process; setting parameters of a semi-finish honing process: the main shaft rotating speed is 200r/min, the main shaft reciprocating speed is 25m/min, the honing pressure is as follows: one stage 33bar, two stage 28bar, honing time: 40-60 s; the surface roughness parameter of the inner hole after semi-finish honing is as follows: and (Rpk) is as follows: 0.43 to 0.89 μm, Rk: 1.75 to 2.29 μm, Rvk: 0.74-1.48 μm, Mr1 (%): 6.1 to 10.3, Mr2 (%): 84.8-87.6;
step 3, grinding off cross reticulate pattern peaks formed by semi-finish honing by using black silicon carbide honing oilstones through finish honing, thereby obtaining a fine small platform bearing surface with a high bearing rate; the inner hole fine honing is a core process for finally forming a fine reticulate pattern structure on the surface of an inner hole; the process adopts 180# black silicon carbide honing oilstone, and the cross reticulate pattern peak formed by semi-finish honing is ground off through finish honing, so that a fine small platform bearing surface with high bearing rate is obtained; setting the parameters of the fine honing process: the main shaft rotating speed is 200r/min, the main shaft reciprocating speed is 25m/min, the honing pressure is as follows: one-stage 25bar, two-stage 20bar, three-stage 15bar, honing time: 9s at the first pressure, 5s at the second pressure and 7s at the third pressure; the surface roughness parameter of the inner hole after finish honing is as follows: and (Rpk) is as follows: 0.08 to 0.13 μm, Rk: 0.28 to 0.43 μm, Rvk: 0.20 to 0.46 μm, Mr1 (%): 6.1-8.0, Mr2 (%): 83.0 to 88.4;
step 4, extruding and polishing the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve, wherein the coarse edge angle of the fine honing surface small platform structure can be changed to a fine smooth shape by adopting cork oilstone through the inner hole extruding and polishing, so that the surface of a micro platform is formed, the shape of an oil storage tank is optimized, and a fine reinforced cylinder sleeve inner hole reticulated surface with good oil storage performance is obtained; the inner hole extrusion polishing is a key process for finally obtaining the microstructure of the expected working surface; the process adopts EKK600 cork oilstone, and can ensure that the coarse edge angle of a fine honing surface small platform structure is changed into a fine smooth shape through inner hole extrusion and polishing, thereby forming a micro platform surface, optimizing the shape of an oil storage tank and obtaining a reinforced cylinder sleeve inner hole reticulated surface which is fine and has good oil storage performance; the micro rough edges and corners on the surface of the small platform generated by the finish honing process are cleaned by the powerful extrusion and the rotary motion of the polishing head and repeated surface superposition micromachining, so that a hardened working surface with a superior microstructure (smoothness) and an ideal roughness (oil content) is formed. Setting parameters of the extrusion polishing process: spindle rotation speed 245r/min, spindle reciprocating speed 25m/min, polishing pressure: 25bar, polishing time: 20-22 s; and (3) the roughness parameter of the surface of the inner hole after extrusion polishing is as follows: and (Rpk) is as follows: 0.02 to 0.03 μm, Rk: 0.07 to 0.14 μm, Rvk: 0.06-0.29 μm, Mr1 (%): 4.3 to 8.9, Mr2 (%): 79.5 to 88.5.
The honing machine is adopted to reasonably match main process parameters such as main shaft rotating speed, main shaft reciprocating speed, honing (polishing) pressure, honing (polishing) time and the like through processing process flows such as fine rough honing, semi-fine honing, extrusion polishing and the like, and finally the strengthened fine reticulated surface with good surface microstructure oil storage performance is obtained.
In the embodiment, a molybdenum spraying ring-mirror surface cylinder sleeve (polishing) and a molybdenum spraying ring-the cylinder sleeve (platform reticulate pattern honing + extrusion polishing) of the forming process are adopted, and the tensile cylinder performance test is carried out under different processes; the test is carried out by sequentially carrying out low-load running-in and high-load running-in, and oil is continuously and fully supplied at the moment; stopping oil supply when the high-load running-in stage is finished, and continuously wearing the friction pair until cylinder scuffing occurs under the conditions that the fixed rotating speed, the fixed temperature, the fixed load and other parameters are kept unchanged, namely the oil-cut friction stage; and finally stopping the machine to finish the test.
Lean test parameters of cylinder sleeve-piston ring
| Test phase | Test parameters |
| Low load break-in phase | 200r/min 120℃ 10MPa 10min |
| High load break-in phase | 200r/min 190℃ 40MPa 150min |
| Oil cut friction phase | Keeping the temperature load at 200r/min constant, stopping oil supply and grinding until the cylinder is pulled |
Cylinder sleeve-piston ring pairing auxiliary lean oil test tensile cylinder timetable
In the embodiment, through a molybdenum spraying ring-mirror surface cylinder sleeve (polishing) and a molybdenum spraying ring-the cylinder sleeve (platform reticulate pattern honing + extrusion polishing) of the forming process disclosed by the invention, friction and wear performance tests are carried out under different processes; the test is firstly carried out for 3 hours under the conditions of 150 ℃ and 10MPa, after the running-in period is over, the test parameters are adjusted to 180 ℃ and 60MPa, the test is continued, and the machine is stopped after 21 hours; the rotating speed of the testing machine is kept unchanged at 200r/min in the whole testing process, and the oil is continuously and fully supplied.
Friction and wear performance test parameters
| Test phase | Test parameters |
| Running-in phase | 200r/min、150℃、10MPa、3h |
| Stable wear phase | 200r/min、180℃、60MPa、21h |
Cylinder sleeve wear gauge
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A forming process method for the surface of an inner hole of a cylinder sleeve is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, roughly honing an inner hole of a cylinder sleeve, namely correcting a shape error after the processing of an earlier process of the inner hole by rough honing by adopting a diamond honing oilstone to form a certain geometric shape of the surface of the inner hole;
step 2, adopting diamond honing oilstone to perform semi-fine honing on the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve, further improving the geometric form of the surface of the inner hole, and preliminarily forming a uniform cross reticulate pattern structure;
step 3, grinding off cross reticulate pattern peaks formed by semi-finish honing by using black silicon carbide honing oilstones through finish honing, thereby obtaining a fine small platform bearing surface with a high bearing rate;
and 4, extruding and polishing the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve, adopting cork oilstone, and converting the rough edge angle of the fine honing surface small platform structure into a fine smooth form through the inner hole extruding and polishing, so that the surface of the micro platform is formed, the form of the oil storage tank is optimized, and the fine and strengthened reticulate surface of the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve with good oil storage performance is obtained.
2. The cylinder liner inner bore surface forming process method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 1, the rough honing process parameters are set as follows: the main shaft rotating speed is 200r/min, the main shaft reciprocating speed is 25m/min, the honing pressure is as follows: first stage 37bar, second stage 35bar, honing time: 50-60 s.
3. The cylinder liner inner bore surface forming process method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the semi-finish honing process parameters are set as follows: the main shaft rotating speed is 200r/min, the main shaft reciprocating speed is 25m/min, the honing pressure is as follows: one stage 33bar, two stage 28bar, honing time: 40-60 s.
4. The cylinder liner inner bore surface forming process method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the fine honing process parameters are set as follows: the main shaft rotating speed is 200r/min, the main shaft reciprocating speed is 25m/min, the honing pressure is as follows: one-stage 25bar, two-stage 20bar, three-stage 15bar, honing time: 9s for the first pressure, 5s for the second pressure, and 7s for the third pressure.
5. The cylinder liner inner bore surface forming process method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 4, the extrusion polishing process parameters are set as follows: spindle rotation speed 245r/min, spindle reciprocating speed 25m/min, polishing pressure: 25bar, polishing time: 20 to 22 seconds.
6. The cylinder liner inner bore surface forming process method according to claim 5, characterized in that the roughness parameter of the cylinder liner inner bore surface after extrusion polishing is as follows: and (Rpk) is as follows: 0.02 to 0.03 μm, Rk: 0.07 to 0.14 μm, Rvk: 0.06-0.29 μm, Mr1 (%): 4.3 to 8.9, Mr2 (%): 79.5 to 88.5.
7. The cylinder liner inner bore surface forming process method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder liner material percentage is C: 0.35 to 0.42, Si: 0.17 to 0.37, Mn: 0.30-0.60, S: 0.025 or less, P: less than or equal to 0.025, Cr: 1.35-1.65, Ni: less than or equal to 0.40, Mo: 0.15 to 0.25, Al: 0.70-1.10, Cu: less than or equal to 0.25.
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2021
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