CN113245523A - Machining method, device and process for one-step casting forming based on hollowed-out part - Google Patents
Machining method, device and process for one-step casting forming based on hollowed-out part Download PDFInfo
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- CN113245523A CN113245523A CN202110532838.5A CN202110532838A CN113245523A CN 113245523 A CN113245523 A CN 113245523A CN 202110532838 A CN202110532838 A CN 202110532838A CN 113245523 A CN113245523 A CN 113245523A
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- hollow part
- lining body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hollow part casting, in particular to a one-step casting forming processing method based on a hollow part, which comprises the following steps: placing a lining body in the hollow space of the hollow part during casting, and taking out the lining body after the hollow part is cast and formed; the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the hollow part is cast, the lining body is arranged at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow part in a casting mould, and after the hollow part is cast and formed, the hollow part is subjected to heat treatment, and meanwhile, the lining body is heated and melted to flow out of the hollow space of the hollow part; therefore, the hollow part is cast and demoulded once, the production efficiency and the hardness, elongation, tensile strength and yield strength of the hollow part are greatly improved, the weight of the hollow part is reduced to the maximum extent, and the hollow part is widely suitable for special devices such as precision, high precision and high hardness and military equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hollow part casting, in particular to a processing method, a device and a process for one-step casting forming based on a hollow part.
Background
The hollow design of parts at special parts of a mechanical device to reduce the weight of the parts and reduce the material cost is a common means in the field of mechanical manufacturing, for example: a rim of a vehicle tire; however, most of the existing middle hollow parts are formed by processing and welding the hollow parts in sections, and the whole hollow part cannot be cast, demoulded and formed at one time through a casting process; the machining process is complex, the production efficiency is low, the integral hardness of the part is low, and the use requirements of people cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a processing method, a device and a process based on one-step casting forming of a hollow part, which have the advantages of high production efficiency, low cost, simple processing process and simple structure, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
in one aspect, the invention provides a processing method based on one-time casting forming of a hollow part, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and placing a lining body in the hollow space of the hollow part during casting, and taking out the lining body after the hollow part is cast and formed.
Further, taking out the lining body after the hollow part is cast and formed comprises the following steps:
refrigerating the lining body, and taking out the lining body after the lining body shrinks;
or heating the hollow part, and taking out the lining body after the hollow space of the hollow part expands.
Further preferably, the step of taking out the lining body after the hollow part is cast and formed comprises the following steps:
heating the lining body until the lining body is melted, and taking the lining body away from the hollow space of the hollow part;
the melting point of the lining body is lower than that of the hollow part.
Further, when the hollow part is cast by the liquid raw material of the hollow part, the temperature of the liquid raw material of the hollow part is lower than the melting point of the lining body.
Further preferably, when the hollow part is cast, the liquid raw material of the hollow part is cast before the lining body is melted.
Preferably, the hollowed-out part is cast by a pressure casting process.
Further, during the casting to the fretwork space of fretwork piece place the lining body and include:
placing the lining body on a casting mould at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow part;
the casting mold is used for forming the surface contour of the hollow part, and the casting mold is matched with the lining body to form the hollow part.
Further preferably, the method comprises the following steps of after the hollow part is cast and formed and before the liner body is taken out:
carrying out heat treatment on the hollowed-out part, wherein the lining body is heated and melted during the heat treatment and flows out of the hollowed-out space of the hollowed-out part; the melting point of the lining body is lower than that of the hollow part.
On the other hand, the invention provides a processing device for one-time casting forming based on a hollow part, which comprises the hollow part; the method is characterized in that the hollow part is formed by a casting mould, the casting mould comprises an upper membrane block and a lower membrane block, and the upper membrane block and the lower membrane block are matched to form the surface contour of the hollow part; the lower module is positioned above the upper module;
the hollow space of the hollow part is formed by the lining body;
the lining body is positioned in the casting mould, and the lower membrane block or the upper module is matched with the lower membrane block to limit the lining body;
the lining body is arranged at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow part when the hollow part is cast, and the lining body is heated and melted to flow out of the hollow space of the hollow part when the hollow part is subjected to heat treatment after the hollow part is cast; the melting point of the lining body is lower than that of the hollow part.
The processing device based on one-time casting forming of the hollow part is characterized in that a first groove is formed in the bottom surface of the upper module, and the groove surface of the first groove is in a shape similar to the upper part of the hollow part; the top surface of the lower module is provided with a second groove, and the groove surface of the second groove is in a shape similar to the lower part of the hollowed-out part; the first groove and the second groove are matched to form the surface contour of the hollowed-out piece;
a positioning column for positioning the lining body is arranged at the bottom of the second groove, the lining body is inserted on the positioning column, and the position of the lining body corresponds to the hollow space of the hollow part;
the first groove, the second groove and the lining body are matched to shape the hollowed-out part.
The processing device for one-time casting forming based on the hollowed-out part is characterized in that a plurality of bumps are arranged on the top surface of the lower module, and a third groove matched with the bumps is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper module; when the mold is closed, the lug is positioned in the third groove, and the bottom surface of the upper mold block is tightly attached to the top surface of the lower mold block and sealed; the lug is matched with the third groove, so that the first groove is opposite to the second groove.
On the other hand, the invention provides a processing technology of a processing device based on one-time casting forming of a hollow part, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing the lining body at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow part;
step two, closing the mold to enable the bump to be arranged in the third groove, and enabling the bottom surface of the upper module to be tightly attached to the top surface of the lower module and sealing;
injecting the liquid raw material of the hollow part into the casting mould to perform pressure casting on the hollow part;
fourthly, opening the die after the pressure casting is finished, and taking out the hollow part and the lining body positioned in the hollow space of the hollow part;
step five, performing heat treatment on the hollow part at a temperature higher than the melting point of the lining body and lower than the melting point of the hollow part, and liquefying the lining body;
and sixthly, taking out the liquefied lining body from the hollow space of the hollow part.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the hollow part is cast, the lining body is arranged at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow part in a casting mould, and after the hollow part is cast and formed, the hollow part is subjected to heat treatment, and meanwhile, the lining body is heated and melted to flow out of the hollow space of the hollow part; therefore, the hollow part is cast and demoulded once, the production efficiency and the hardness, elongation, tensile strength and yield strength of the hollow part are greatly improved, the weight of the hollow part is reduced to the maximum extent, and the hollow part is widely suitable for special devices such as precision, high precision and high hardness and military equipment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein the drawings in the following description are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without inventive efforts according to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of a one-step casting forming processing method based on a hollow part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a processing method for one-time casting forming based on a hollow part according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 and 4 are schematic structural diagrams of a machining device for one-time casting forming based on hollow parts, provided by a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a process implementation flow chart of a processing process of the processing device based on one-time casting forming of the hollow part according to the fourth embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
fig. 1 shows a flow of implementing a machining method based on one-time casting forming of a hollow part according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:
in step S101, a lining body is placed in a hollow space of a hollow member during casting;
in an embodiment of the present invention, the placing of the lining body in the hollow space of the hollow member during casting includes: placing the lining body into the hollow space of the hollow part in the casting process or before casting; further, placing a lining body on the casting mould at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow part; the casting mold is used for forming the surface profile of the hollow part, and the casting mold is matched with the lining body to form the hollow part.
In step S102, casting the liquid material of the hollow part into a hollow part;
in the embodiment of the invention, the hollow part is cast by adopting a pressure casting process, and the liquid raw material of the hollow part is injected into the casting mould to carry out pressure casting on the hollow part.
In step S103, the substrate is cooled and taken out after the substrate contracts;
in an embodiment of the present invention, the removing the liner after the hollow member is cast comprises: refrigerating the lining body, and taking out the lining body after the lining body shrinks; further preferably, the hollow part is heated, and the lining body is taken out after the hollow space of the hollow part expands.
Example two:
fig. 2 shows an implementation flow of a processing method based on one-time casting forming of a hollow part according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the second embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:
in step S201, a lining is placed in a hollow space of the hollow member during casting;
in an embodiment of the present invention, the placing of the lining body in the hollow space of the hollow member during casting includes: placing the lining body into the hollow space of the hollow part in the casting process or before casting; further, placing a lining body on the casting mould at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow part; the casting mold is used for forming the surface profile of the hollow part, and the casting mold is matched with the lining body to form the hollow part.
In step S202, casting the liquid material of the hollow part into a hollow part;
in the embodiment of the invention, the hollow part is cast by adopting a pressure casting process, and the liquid raw material of the hollow part is injected into the casting mould to carry out pressure casting on the hollow part.
In step S203, the substrate is heated to be melted, and then the hollow space of the hollow member is removed;
in an embodiment of the present invention, the removing the liner after the hollow member is cast comprises: heating the lining body until the lining body is melted, and taking the lining body out of the hollow space of the hollow part, wherein the melting point of the lining body is lower than that of the hollow part; further, when the hollow part is cast by the liquid raw material of the hollow part, the temperature of the liquid raw material of the hollow part is lower than the melting point of the lining body, or when the hollow part is cast by the liquid raw material of the hollow part, the casting of the hollow part is completed before the lining body is melted;
further, the method comprises the following steps of after the hollow part is cast and formed, before the lining body is taken out: carrying out heat treatment on the hollow part, wherein the lining body is heated and melted during the heat treatment and flows out of the hollow space of the hollow part; wherein the temperature during the heat treatment is between the melting point of the lining body and the melting point of the hollow part.
Example three:
fig. 3 and 4 show a structure of a processing device based on one-time casting forming of a hollow part according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the third embodiment of the present invention are shown, including:
a hollowed-out part 200; the hollow part 200 is formed by a casting mould 100, the casting mould 100 comprises an upper module 101 and a lower module 102, and the upper module 101 and the lower module 102 are matched to form the surface contour of the hollow part 200; the lower module 102 is located above the upper module 101; wherein, in the embodiment of the present invention, the hollow part 200 is a steel ring of the wheel;
the hollow space 201 of the hollow part 200 is formed by the liner 300;
the lining body 300 is positioned in the casting mould 100, and the lower mould block 102 or the upper mould block 101 is matched with the lining body 300 for limiting; the structure is simple, and the cost is low;
when the hollow part 200 is cast, the lining body 300 is arranged at a position corresponding to the hollow space 201 of the hollow part 200, and when the hollow part 200 is subjected to heat treatment after the hollow part 200 is cast, the lining body 300 is heated and melted to flow out of the hollow space 201 of the hollow part 200; the melting point of the liner 300 is lower than that of the hollow member 200.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a first groove (not shown) is formed on the bottom surface of the upper module 101, and the groove surface of the first groove is in a shape similar to the upper portion of the hollow member 200; the top surface of the lower module 102 is provided with a second groove 1023, and the groove surface of the second groove 1023 is in a shape similar to the lower part of the hollow part 200; the first groove 1023 and the second groove 1023 are matched to shape the surface contour of the hollow part 200;
a positioning column 1021 for positioning the lining body 300 is arranged at the bottom of the second groove 1023, the lining body 300 is inserted on the positioning column 1021, and the position of the lining body 300 corresponds to the hollow space 201 of the hollow part 200;
the first and second grooves 1023 and the liner 300 are matched to form the hollow-out part 200; simple structure and low cost.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the top surface of the lower module 102 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 1022, and the bottom surface of the upper module 101 is provided with a third recess 1011 matching with the protrusions 1022; when the mold is closed, the bump 1022 is located in the third groove 1011, and the bottom surface of the upper module 101 is tightly attached to the top surface of the lower module 102 and sealed; the protrusion 1022 and the third groove 1011 cooperate to make the first groove opposite to the second groove 1023; simple structure and low cost.
Example four:
fig. 5 shows an implementation flow of a processing process of a processing device based on one-time casting forming of a hollow part according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and meanwhile, please refer to the third embodiment, fig. 3 and fig. 4, and the following details are described below:
in step S501, the liner is placed at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow member;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the liner 300 is placed on the casting mold 100 at a position corresponding to the hollow space 201 of the hollow member 200.
In step S502, the mold is closed to place the bump in the third groove, so that the bottom surface of the upper mold block is tightly attached to the top surface of the lower mold block and sealed;
in an embodiment of the present invention, the protrusion 1022 and the third groove 1011 cooperate such that the first groove faces the second groove 1023.
In step S503, injecting a liquid raw material of the hollow member into a casting mold, and performing pressure casting on the hollow member;
in an embodiment of the present invention, the hollowed-out element 200 is cast using a pressure casting process.
In step S504, after the pressure casting is completed, the mold is opened, and the hollow member and the liner located in the hollow space of the hollow member are taken out.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the mold closed and opened indicates that the upper mold block 101 of the casting mold 100 is closely attached to or distant from the lower mold block 102.
In step S505, heat-treating the hollow member at a temperature higher than the melting point of the liner and lower than the melting point of the hollow member, and liquefying the liner;
in the embodiment of the invention, the hardness, the elongation percentage, the tensile strength and the yield strength of the product are enhanced by using heat treatment, when the temperature of a heat treatment furnace is higher than the melting point of the lining body 300, the lining body 300 can be melted and flow out, and then the hollow part 200 realizes the internal hollow; further, before the liner 300 is taken out after the hollow member 200 is cast and formed, the method includes: performing heat treatment on the hollow part 200, wherein the lining body 300 is heated and melted during the heat treatment and flows out of the hollow space 201 of the hollow part 200; the melting point of the liner 300 is lower than that of the hollow member 200.
In step S506, the liquefied liner is taken out from the hollow space of the hollow member;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the liquefied liner 300 is taken out from the hollow space 201 of the hollow member 200 in different manners according to the shape of the hollow space 201 of the hollow member 200, including but not limited to extraction, natural outflow, and the like.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the hollow part 200 is cast, the liner 300 is disposed in the casting mold 100 at a position corresponding to the hollow space 201 of the hollow part 200, and after the hollow part 200 is cast, the hollow part 200 is heat-treated, and simultaneously the liner 300 is heated and melted to flow out of the hollow space 201 of the hollow part 200; therefore, the hollow part 200 is cast and demoulded once, the production efficiency and the hardness, elongation, tensile strength and yield strength of the hollow part 200 are greatly improved, the weight of the hollow part 200 is reduced to the maximum extent, and the hollow part is widely suitable for special devices such as precision, high precision and high hardness and is used in military equipment.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A one-time casting forming processing method based on a hollow part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and placing a lining body in the hollow space of the hollow part during casting, and taking out the lining body after the hollow part is cast and formed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein removing the liner after the openwork is cast comprises:
refrigerating the lining body, and taking out the lining body after the lining body shrinks;
or heating the hollow part, and taking out the lining body after the hollow space of the hollow part expands.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein removing the liner after the openwork is cast comprises:
heating the lining body until the lining body is melted, and taking the lining body away from the hollow space of the hollow part;
the melting point of the lining body is lower than that of the hollow part.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the liquid material of the hollow member is cast at a temperature below the melting point of the liner.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the liquid feedstock for the openwork piece is cast as the openwork piece before the liner is melted.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the openwork is cast using a pressure casting process.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of placing the liner in the hollowed-out space of the hollowed-out member during casting comprises the steps of:
placing the lining body on a casting mould at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow part;
the casting mold is used for forming the surface contour of the hollow part, and the casting mold is matched with the lining body to form the hollow part.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein removing the liner after the openwork is cast comprises:
carrying out heat treatment on the hollowed-out part, wherein the lining body is heated and melted during the heat treatment and flows out of the hollowed-out space of the hollowed-out part; the melting point of the lining body is lower than that of the hollow part.
9. A processing device based on one-time casting forming of a hollow part comprises the hollow part; the method is characterized in that the hollow part is formed by a casting mould, the casting mould comprises an upper membrane block and a lower membrane block, and the upper membrane block and the lower membrane block are matched to form the surface contour of the hollow part; the lower module is positioned above the upper module;
the hollow space of the hollow part is formed by the lining body;
the lining body is positioned in the casting mould, and the lower membrane block or the upper module is matched with the lower membrane block to limit the lining body;
the lining body is arranged at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow part when the hollow part is cast, and the lining body is heated and melted to flow out of the hollow space of the hollow part when the hollow part is subjected to heat treatment after the hollow part is cast; the melting point of the lining body is lower than that of the hollow part.
10. The device of claim 9, wherein the bottom surface of the upper module is provided with a first groove, and the groove surface of the first groove is in a shape similar to the upper part of the hollowed-out part; the top surface of the lower module is provided with a second groove, and the groove surface of the second groove is in a shape similar to the lower part of the hollowed-out part; the first groove and the second groove are matched to form the surface contour of the hollowed-out piece;
a positioning column for positioning the lining body is arranged at the bottom of the second groove, the lining body is inserted on the positioning column, and the position of the lining body corresponds to the hollow space of the hollow part;
the first groove, the second groove and the lining body are matched to shape the hollowed-out part.
11. The device of claim 9, wherein the top surface of the lower module is provided with a plurality of projections, and the bottom surface of the upper module is provided with a third groove matched with the projections; when the mold is closed, the lug is positioned in the third groove, and the bottom surface of the upper mold block is tightly attached to the top surface of the lower mold block and sealed; the lug is matched with the third groove, so that the first groove is opposite to the second groove.
12. The machining process of the machining device based on the one-time casting forming of the hollowed-out part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, placing the lining body at a position corresponding to the hollow space of the hollow part;
step two, closing the mold to enable the bump to be arranged in the third groove, and enabling the bottom surface of the upper module to be tightly attached to the top surface of the lower module and sealing;
injecting the liquid raw material of the hollow part into the casting mould to perform pressure casting on the hollow part;
fourthly, opening the die after the pressure casting is finished, and taking out the hollow part and the lining body positioned in the hollow space of the hollow part;
step five, performing heat treatment on the hollow part at a temperature higher than the melting point of the lining body and lower than the melting point of the hollow part, and liquefying the lining body;
and sixthly, taking out the liquefied lining body from the hollow space of the hollow part.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110532838.5A CN113245523A (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | Machining method, device and process for one-step casting forming based on hollowed-out part |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110532838.5A CN113245523A (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | Machining method, device and process for one-step casting forming based on hollowed-out part |
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| JPH091315A (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1997-01-07 | Asahi Tec Corp | Method for casting wheel for vehicle |
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| JPH091315A (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1997-01-07 | Asahi Tec Corp | Method for casting wheel for vehicle |
| JPH1157975A (en) * | 1997-08-11 | 1999-03-02 | Kyushu Yanagawa Seiki Kk | Casting device in die casting machine |
| JPH1190610A (en) * | 1997-09-22 | 1999-04-06 | U Mold:Kk | Casting method using low temperature melting metal core where copper particles are mixed |
| JP2004017100A (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2004-01-22 | Asahi Tec Corp | Method for manufacturing vehicle wheel |
| JP2010059881A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-03-18 | Ryobi Ltd | Cylinder block manufacturing method |
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