CN113244892A - Super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- JBTHDAVBDKKSRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1552233 Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C12 JBTHDAVBDKKSRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28042—Shaped bodies; Monolithic structures
- B01J20/28045—Honeycomb or cellular structures; Solid foams or sponges
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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Abstract
The invention discloses super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam comprises the following steps: and placing the melamine foam into the biological carbon suspension to load the biological carbon powder in the biological carbon suspension onto the melamine foam, and drying to obtain the biological carbon foam. And (3) immersing the biological carbon foam into a molybdic acid aqueous solution, taking out the biological carbon foam, and drying to obtain the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biological carbon foam. The oil-water mixture is a mixture of organic matters and water, the organic matters are dichloromethane, styrene, o-xylene, n-hexane or petroleum ether, and the adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam on the organic matters in the oil-water mixture reaches 132-233 g/g.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation adsorption materials, and particularly relates to super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The exploitation of petroleum resources brings great economic benefits to human beings, the exploitation and transportation of petroleum are mostly realized by the ocean, oil spillage and leakage accidents often occur, the ocean ecosystem is seriously damaged, and the leakage pollution of crude oil becomes one of the most urgent environmental problems at present.
However, conventional methods of treating leaked crude oil do not work well. At present, the treatment method aiming at the crude oil leakage mainly comprises a method of applying a dispersing agent and a curing agent, a microbial degradation method, an in-situ combustion method, a mechanical collection method and the like. However, these techniques are time consuming, costly and environmentally unfriendly. For example: in the method for treating oil leakage accidents in gulf of mexico, the U.S. disaster relief department uses an in-situ combustion method, a large amount of chlorodioxin (PCDD) and polychlorinated benzofuran (PCDF) are detected in combusted smoke, and the two substances have high carcinogenicity to human beings. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an environmentally friendly material for adsorbing leaked crude oil with good environmental remediation effect.
Taking materials developed in recent years for treating leaked crude oil as an example, Hu and other developed methods for treating leaked petroleum by using glass fibers with hydrophobicity prove that the materials with hydrophobicity have good effects on oil-water separation, but because the internal space structure of the glass fibers has insufficient oil storage capacity and poor compression resistance, cyclic utilization is difficult to realize, the development of the materials with hydrophobicity, good oil storage performance and good compression resistance is the key for solving the oil-water separation adsorption material.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the superhydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam obtained by the above preparation method.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam in adsorbing organic matters in oil-water mixtures.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A preparation method of super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam comprises the following steps:
1) placing the melamine foam in the biological carbon suspension to load the biological carbon powder in the biological carbon suspension on the melamine foam, and drying to obtain biological carbon foam;
in the step 1), the concentration of the charcoal powder in the charcoal suspension is 3-7 mg/mL.
In the step 1), the preparation method of the biochar suspension comprises the following steps: crushing, drying and carrying out surface N discharge on the biomass raw material2And then carrying out limited oxygen pyrolysis at 300-700 ℃ for 2-12 h, cleaning, drying, ball milling to obtain charcoal powder (BMBC), mixing the charcoal powder with water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a charcoal suspension.
In the above technical scheme, the pulverization is carried out to an average particle diameter of 2 mm.
In the technical scheme, the drying in the step 1) is carried out for at least 12 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
In the above technical scheme, water is used for the cleaning in the step 1).
In the technical scheme, the ball milling time is 8-24 h, and the ratio of ball-milled materials to balls adopted by ball milling is 1 (20-100) in parts by mass.
In the above technical scheme, the time of the ultrasound is at least 20 min.
In the step 1), the melamine foam is placed in absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic treatment for at least 20min before use, then is immersed in deionized water for at least 20min, and is dried for 12-24 h at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
In the step 1), the melamine foam is placed in the biological carbon suspension for at least 20min under ultrasonic conditions.
In the step 1), the drying is carried out at 60-80 ℃ for at least 12 h.
In the step 1), the biomass raw material is wood chips.
2) And (3) immersing the biological carbon foam into a molybdic acid aqueous solution, taking out the biological carbon foam, and drying to obtain the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biological carbon foam.
In the step 2), the drying is carried out for 12-24 hours at 100-120 ℃.
In the step 2), the molybdic acid aqueous solution is formed by uniformly mixing molybdic acid and water, and the concentration of molybdic acid in the molybdic acid aqueous solution is 4-5 mg/mL.
The super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam obtained by the preparation method.
The super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam is applied to adsorbing organic matters in an oil-water mixture, wherein the oil-water mixture is a mixture of the organic matters and water, and the organic matters are dichloromethane, styrene, o-xylene, n-hexane or petroleum ether.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. dichloromethane, styrene, o-xylene, n-hexane and petroleum ether are respectively used as organic matters, and the adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam of the invention to various organic matters reaches 132-233 g/g;
2. the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam has good hydrophobicity, organic matters in an oil-water mixture can still be immediately adsorbed after being extruded for each time through multiple times of extrusion in the oil-water mixture, the situation that the organic matters leak does not exist, the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam carrying the organic matters after adsorption can float on the water surface, and the organic matters and water can be separated through extrusion after the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam is salvaged;
3. the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam has good stability, and still keeps good hydrophobicity and adsorbability under the environment with the pH value of 1-12 and high ion concentration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foams obtained in examples 1 to 18 and the charcoal foams obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3 for oil-water mixtures when n-hexane is used as an organic substance;
FIG. 2 shows the adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foams obtained in examples 1 to 18 and the charcoal foams obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3 for oil-water mixtures when styrene is used as an organic substance;
FIG. 3 shows the adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foams obtained in examples 1 to 18 and the charcoal foams obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3 for oil-water mixtures when dichloromethane is used as an organic substance;
FIG. 4 shows the adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foams obtained in examples 1 to 18 and the charcoal foams obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3 for oil-water mixtures when petroleum ether is used as an organic substance;
FIG. 5 shows the adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foams obtained in examples 1 to 18 and the charcoal foams obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3 for oil-water mixtures when o-xylene is used as an organic substance;
FIG. 6 is the adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam obtained in example 1 for oil-water mixtures of different organic substances at different pH values;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam obtained in example 10 for oil-water mixtures of different organic substances at different pH values.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining specific examples.
Surface row N2The operation of (1) is as follows: placing the material in a sealed environment, introducing nitrogen with purity of 99%, controlling low gas flow rate to prevent blowing off the material, and continuously introducing nitrogen for 5 min.
The melamine foam is placed in absolute ethyl alcohol for 20min before use, then is soaked in deionized water for 20min, and is dried for 12h at the temperature of 60 ℃.
Melamine foam was purchased from the metropolitan Hongtai industry development headquarters (Sichuan, China).
Examples
A preparation method of super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam comprises the following steps:
1) preparing wood chips which are used as waste materials after common production and processing as biomass raw materials, airing the biomass raw materials for 24 hours in a dry and air-circulation environment, and crushing the biomass raw materials into particles with average particle size of2mm of scraps are put into a ceramic crucible (the ceramic crucible is filled as much as possible to reduce the existence of oxygen), and the scraps are put into an oven to be dried for 12 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, and after drying, surface N discharge is carried out2Covering a ceramic crucible, sealing the ceramic crucible by using aluminum foil paper to further isolate air, then putting the ceramic crucible into a muffle furnace for limited oxygen pyrolysis (heat preservation) at K ℃ for 12 hours, after that, repeatedly cleaning the ceramic crucible by using distilled water, putting the ceramic crucible into an oven for drying at 80 ℃ for 12 hours, and putting the ceramic crucible into a ball milling tank of a planetary ball mill for ball milling T h (the revolution speed is set to be 400rpm at a constant speed) to obtain the charcoal powder (BMBC), wherein the ratio of ball-milled materials to agate balls (namely small balls with the particle size of 5mm) is 1:100 in parts by mass.
Mixing the charcoal powder with water, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain charcoal suspension with charcoal powder concentration of C mg/mL. The prepared size was 1X 1cm3The melamine foam is repeatedly extruded in the biological carbon suspension to exhaust air in the melamine foam as far as possible, the melamine foam is placed in the biological carbon suspension for 20min under the ultrasonic condition by adopting an ultrasonic oscillator, so that the biological carbon suspension can fully impregnate the melamine foam, finally, the biological carbon powder in the biological carbon suspension is loaded on the melamine foam, and the melamine foam adsorbing the biological carbon suspension is dried for 12h at 80 ℃ to obtain the biological carbon foam.
2) An aqueous molybdic acid solution comprising molybdic acid and water mixed together, wherein the concentration of molybdic acid in the aqueous molybdic acid solution is 4 mg/mL. Immersing the biological carbon foam into a molybdic acid aqueous solution, slightly extruding the biological carbon foam twice, discharging residual air in the biological carbon foam, carrying out ultrasound treatment in the molybdic acid aqueous solution for 30min, slightly taking out the biological carbon foam adsorbing the molybdic acid aqueous solution by using forceps (the phenomenon that the adsorbed molybdic acid aqueous solution is lost due to excessive force is avoided, and the experimental result is influenced), and drying at 120 ℃ for 12h to obtain the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biological carbon foam.
Super hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foams were prepared using different K, C and T, values of K, C and T are detailed in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Comparative example 1
Biochar foam obtained in step 1) of example 1.
Comparative example 2
Biochar foam obtained in step 1) of example 2.
Comparative example 3
Biochar foam obtained in step 1) of example 3.
The superhydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foams obtained from the above examples and the biochar foams obtained in the comparative examples were tested:
sources of experimental drugs: analytically pure dichloromethane, styrene, o-xylene, n-hexane, and petroleum ether were purchased from Kalimt chemical technology, Inc. (Tianjin, China).
Research on adsorption performance and influence factors of material
Selecting 5 typical organic matters (dichloromethane, styrene, o-xylene, n-hexane and petroleum ether) as research objects, mixing the organic matters with water to obtain an oil-water mixture, respectively taking the biochar foam and the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam as samples, and testing the adsorption performance of the samples on the oil-water mixture: and (3) obtaining the adsorption capacity of the sample according to the ratio of the variation of the mass of the sample before and after the sample adsorbs the oil-water mixture to the mass of the sample when the sample does not adsorb the oil-water mixture, and representing the adsorption performance of the sample on the oil-water mixture by using the adsorption capacity (g/g).
(M is the mass of the sample after adsorption of the oil-water mixture, M0The mass of the sample before the oil-water mixture is adsorbed, and Q is the adsorption capacity of the sample. )
The specific method for testing the adsorption capacity of the sample on the oil-water mixture obtained by each organic matter comprises the following steps: 5mL of the organic matter was added to 5mL of water as an oil-water mixture, and 1 drop of Sudan red was dropped into the oil-water mixture to dye the organic matter, thereby distinguishing oil from water. Weighing the mass of a sample which is not immersed in the oil-water mixture, immersing the sample in the oil-water mixture, extruding for more than 10 times, discharging air in the sample as far as possible to enable the adsorption capacity of the sample to organic matters to reach saturation (when the sample is extruded, bubbles are not discharged any more, the adsorption capacity of the organic matters reaches saturation), taking out the sample, weighing the mass of the sample after the oil-water mixture is adsorbed, and calculating the adsorption capacity of the sample to different organic matters.
The influence of the cracking temperature (K) of the biochar, the concentration of the biochar powder in the biochar suspension and the ball milling time on the oil removing capability of the sample is researched. The results are shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. As can be seen from the figure, no matter which oil-water mixture is adopted, the adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam to oil is far larger than that of the biochar foam (the adsorption capacity is 3-20 times of that of the biochar foam). The super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam can quickly adsorb dyed organic matters again no matter how many times the foam is extruded, and the foam is saturated, which shows that the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam has strong adsorption capacity on the organic matters in an oil-water mixture and cannot cause leakage. After adsorption, the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam carrying organic matters floats on the water surface.
For styrene, dichloromethane and petroleum ether, the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam with the largest adsorption capacity is the example 1, and the adsorption capacities respectively reach 149, 213 and 165 g/g. Namely: the cracking temperature of the biochar is 300 ℃, the concentration of the biochar powder in the biochar suspension is 3mg/mL, and the ball milling time is 14 h. For n-hexane and o-xylene, the superhydrophobic/oleophilic bio-carbon foam with the largest adsorption capacity was the example 10, and the adsorption capacities reached 233 and 132g/g, respectively. Namely, the cracking temperature of the biochar is 300 ℃, the concentration of the biochar powder in the biochar suspension is 3mg/mL, and the ball milling time is 24 h. Therefore, the cracking temperature of the biochar is 300 ℃, which is most beneficial to removing organic matters from the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam. The concentration of the charcoal powder in the charcoal suspension has little influence on the oil removing capability of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam, and the best effect can be achieved when the concentration is 3 mg/mL. The ball milling time slightly varies with the contaminant depending on the oil removing ability of the superhydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam.
Experiment on influence of environmental pH value on material stability and oil absorption performance
The influence of the environmental pH value on the stability and oil absorption performance of the material. 5mL of deionized water was added with HNO separately3Or adjusting the pH values of the solutions to 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 by NaOH, and adding 5mL of Sudan red-dyed organic matter (dichloromethane, styrene, o-xylene, n-hexane or petroleum ether) to obtain a mixed solution. The super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam prepared in examples 1 and 10 was put into the mixed solution, the foam was squeezed twice, air in the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam was discharged as much as possible, so that the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam was saturated in the adsorption amount of organic substances (when the sample was squeezed, no more air bubbles were discharged, the adsorption amount of organic substances was saturated), the mass of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam after adsorbing the mixed solution was weighed, and the adsorption capacity of the sample to different organic substances was calculated. The results are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 shows the change of pH in adsorption capacity of the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam obtained in example 1 for organic substances in five oil-water mixtures. It can be seen that the super hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam obtained in example 1 has a small change in the adsorption capacity for organic substances as the pH of the oil-water mixture changes from 1 to 11. FIG. 7 shows the pH-dependent change in the adsorption capacity of the superhydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam obtained in example 10 for organic materials in five oil-water mixtures. It can be seen that the super hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam obtained in example 10 has a small change in the adsorption capacity for organic substances as the pH of the oil-water mixture changes from 1 to 11. The super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam disclosed by the invention still keeps good hydrophobicity and adsorbability under the environment with the pH value of 1-11.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biochar foam is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) placing the melamine foam in the biological carbon suspension to load the biological carbon powder in the biological carbon suspension on the melamine foam, and drying to obtain biological carbon foam;
2) and (3) immersing the biological carbon foam into a molybdic acid aqueous solution, taking out the biological carbon foam, and drying to obtain the super-hydrophobic/lipophilic biological carbon foam.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the concentration of the charcoal powder in the charcoal suspension is 3 to 7 mg/mL.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step 1), the method for preparing the biochar suspension comprises: crushing, drying and carrying out surface N discharge on the biomass raw material2And then carrying out limited oxygen pyrolysis at 300-700 ℃ for 2-12 h, cleaning, drying, ball milling to obtain charcoal powder, mixing the charcoal powder with water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain charcoal suspension.
4. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the pulverization is carried out to an average particle diameter of 2 mm;
the drying in the step 1) is carried out for at least 12 hours at a temperature of between 60 and 80 ℃;
cleaning with water;
the ball milling time is 8-24 h, and the ratio of ball milling materials to balls adopted by ball milling is 1 (20-100) in parts by weight;
the time of the ultrasound is at least 20 min.
5. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the melamine foam is ultrasonically treated in absolute ethyl alcohol for at least 20min before use, then is immersed in deionized water for at least 20min, and is dried at 60-80 ℃ for 12-24 h.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the melamine foam is placed in the biochar suspension for at least 20min under ultrasonic conditions.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the drying is performed at 60 to 80 ℃ for at least 12 hours;
in the step 1), the biomass raw material is wood chips.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the drying is performed at 100-120 ℃ for 12-24 h;
in the step 2), the molybdic acid aqueous solution is formed by uniformly mixing molybdic acid and water, and the concentration of molybdic acid in the molybdic acid aqueous solution is 4-5 mg/mL.
9. The super-hydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The use of the superhydrophobic/lipophilic charcoal foam according to claim 9 for adsorbing organic substances in oil-water mixture, wherein the oil-water mixture is a mixture of organic substances and water, and the organic substances are dichloromethane, styrene, o-xylene, n-hexane or petroleum ether.
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