CN113231020A - Activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113231020A
CN113231020A CN202110510534.9A CN202110510534A CN113231020A CN 113231020 A CN113231020 A CN 113231020A CN 202110510534 A CN202110510534 A CN 202110510534A CN 113231020 A CN113231020 A CN 113231020A
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China
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activated carbon
adsorption efficiency
carbon particles
particles
improved adsorption
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CN202110510534.9A
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Inventor
刘杏娥
李世杰
马千里
马建峰
文世涛
黄慧娟
孔令宇
尚莉莉
杨淑敏
田根林
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International Center for Bamboo and Rattan
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International Center for Bamboo and Rattan
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602

Abstract

The present invention relates to an activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency and a method for preparing the same. The method takes the moso bamboo activated carbon as a preparation raw material, improves the activated carbon by using the nitrogen-doped modifier, has the advantages of less flow of the whole preparation process, simple process, low production cost, less added chemical reagent, safety, greenness, environmental protection, wide application field and wide market prospect. The activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency prepared by the invention can fully utilize moso bamboo processing residues, can obviously improve the adsorption efficiency of traditional activated carbon particles, and greatly enhances the adsorption effect on formaldehyde.

Description

Activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of activated carbon. In particular to an activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Formaldehyde is one of the main indoor pollution gases, is colorless, has pungent smell, is easily soluble in water and ethanol and is easy to volatilize. Most of interior furniture, decorative materials and the like contain formaldehyde. If the human body is kept in an environment containing formaldehyde for a long time, allergic reaction and even poisoning phenomena can be caused to the human body. Formaldehyde has a relatively large influence on young children and old people, light people have uncomfortable symptoms such as dizziness, and serious people can cause respiratory cancer, lung cancer and the like. People usually adopt an air exchange method, an adsorption method, a catalytic oxidation method and the like to effectively remove indoor formaldehyde. The adsorption method is to use porous materials such as molecular sieve, zeolite and active carbon as adsorbents to adsorb and remove formaldehyde, and the active carbon has the advantages of high removal efficiency, wide material source range, simple and flexible operation, low cost, good acid and alkali resistance and thermal stability and the like, and is one of the most commonly used materials for removing indoor formaldehyde.
The moso bamboo is the most important bamboo species in China and the most extensive in planting area, is rich in resources, short in growth period and rapid in growth, and has resource advantages incomparable with raw materials of other raw materials, namely activated carbon. The method adopts the moso bamboo activated carbon for modification, meets the characteristic of large demand of the activated carbon, and simultaneously improves the adsorption performance of the moso bamboo activated carbon on indoor formaldehyde.
In the prior art, the active carbon is prepared by taking moso bamboos as raw materials and is modified to obtain the modified active carbon with excellent formaldehyde adsorption function. Chinese patent application 202011371227.9 discloses an activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency, which is modified by using oxidants such as nitric acid and potassium permanganate, thereby effectively improving the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon to formaldehyde. However, the adsorption efficiency still cannot meet the large-scale requirement of formaldehyde adsorption in daily life, and the adsorption efficiency and the service life of the activated carbon still have great promotion space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to further improve the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency of the activated carbon and prolong the service life of the activated carbon so as to solve the problems in the prior art. The activated carbon manufactured by the method has high formaldehyde removal capacity, can obviously prolong the service life of the activated carbon, does not contain any toxic and harmful substance, does not generate secondary pollution, meets the requirements of various places such as hospitals, schools, markets, indoor decorations and the like on formaldehyde removal, and provides a new direction for the utilization of the moso bamboo activated carbon.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following means:
in a first aspect of the invention, an activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency is provided, comprising an activated carbon, a nitrogen-doped modifier.
Preferably, the activated carbon is selected from moso bamboo activated carbon.
Preferably, the nitrogen doping modifier is selected from one or more of urea, ethylenediamine and melamine.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the activated carbon to the nitrogen doping modifier is 1: 0.1-50.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency, comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the activated carbon into activated carbon particles, and sieving the activated carbon particles by using a screen;
(2) boiling the screened activated carbon particles in boiling water, vibrating, cooling to room temperature, and washing with cold water;
(3) placing the activated carbon particles subjected to suction filtration in an oven and drying to constant weight;
(4) adding the treated activated carbon particles into a nitrogen-doped modifier for dipping treatment, and oscillating by a constant-temperature shaking table;
(5) and washing and filtering the impregnated activated carbon particles, and then placing the activated carbon particles in an oven for drying to finally obtain the modified activated carbon.
Preferably, the activated carbon is selected from moso bamboo activated carbon.
Preferably, the mesh number of the screen in the step (1) is 30-80 meshes.
Preferably, the cooking time in the step (2) is 60-180min, the shaking rate is 100-300rpm, and the cold water washing is 1-20 min.
Preferably, the drying temperature in step (3) is 80 to 103 ℃.
Preferably, the nitrogen doping modifier in step (4) is selected from one or more of urea, ethylenediamine or melamine.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the activated carbon particles to the nitrogen doping modifier in the step (4) is 1: 0.1-50.
Preferably, the impregnation treatment time in the step (4) is 6 to 24 hours.
Preferably, the shaking conditions of the constant temperature shaking table in the step (4) are as follows: the temperature is 20-50 ℃, and the rotation speed is 150-300 rpm.
Preferably, the drying temperature in step (5) is 80 to 103 ℃.
Preferably, the activated carbon particles in step (5) may optionally be washed to a pH of 6 to 7 after suction filtration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency provided by the invention takes the moso bamboo activated carbon as a preparation raw material, the whole preparation process has the advantages of less flow, simple process, low production cost, less added chemical reagents, no toxic and harmful substances, no secondary pollution, capability of meeting the requirements of various places such as hospitals, schools, markets, indoor decorations and the like on formaldehyde removal, safety, greenness, environmental protection, wide application field and broad market prospect.
(2) According to the invention, the active carbon is improved by adopting the nitrogen-doped modifier, so that the adsorption efficiency of the traditional active carbon particles can be obviously improved, the service life of the active carbon is greatly prolonged, and the formaldehyde adsorption effect is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of formaldehyde removal efficiency of activated carbon at different time points.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
An activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency, which is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the moso bamboo activated carbon into activated carbon particles, and screening by using a 40-60 mesh screen;
(2) steaming and boiling the sieved moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 60min by using boiling water at 100 ℃, vibrating at 200rpm, and cooling to room temperature; washing and filtering the cooled moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 5min in cold water at room temperature;
(3) putting the bamboo charcoal activated carbon particles obtained in the step (2) in an oven to dry to constant weight;
(4) putting 2g of dried bamboo charcoal active carbon particles into a conical flask, mixing 1g of urea and 99g of deionized water into a 1% urea solution, and pouring the urea solution into the conical flask; placing the mixture in a constant temperature shaking table, and treating for 24h at the conditions of 150rpm and 40 ℃;
(5) and (4) performing suction filtration on the treated mixture again, washing until the pH value is 7, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the catalyst.
Example 2
An activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency, which is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the moso bamboo activated carbon into activated carbon particles, and screening by using a 40-60 mesh screen;
(2) steaming and boiling the sieved moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 60min by using boiling water at 100 ℃, vibrating at 200rpm, and cooling to room temperature; washing and filtering the cooled moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 5min in cold water at room temperature;
(3) putting the bamboo charcoal activated carbon particles obtained in the step (2) in an oven to dry to constant weight;
(4) putting 2g of dried bamboo charcoal active carbon particles into a conical flask, mixing 5g of urea and 95g of deionized water into a 5% urea solution, and pouring the urea solution into the conical flask; placing the mixture in a constant temperature shaking table, and treating for 24h at the conditions of 150rpm and 40 ℃;
(5) and (4) performing suction filtration on the treated mixture again, washing until the pH value is 7, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the catalyst.
Example 3
An activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency, which is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the moso bamboo activated carbon into activated carbon particles, and screening by using a 40-60 mesh screen;
(2) steaming and boiling the sieved moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 60min by using boiling water at 100 ℃, vibrating at 200rpm, and cooling to room temperature; washing and filtering the cooled moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 5min in cold water at room temperature;
(3) putting the bamboo charcoal activated carbon particles obtained in the step (2) in an oven to dry to constant weight;
(4) putting 2g of dried bamboo charcoal active carbon particles into a conical flask, mixing 5g of urea and 95g of deionized water into a 5% urea solution, and pouring the urea solution into the conical flask; placing the mixture in a constant temperature shaking table, and treating for 24h at the conditions of 150rpm and 40 ℃;
(5) and (4) performing suction filtration on the treated mixture again, washing until the pH value is 7, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the catalyst.
Example 4
An activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency, which is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the moso bamboo activated carbon into activated carbon particles, and screening by using a 40-60 mesh screen;
(2) steaming and boiling the sieved moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 60min by using boiling water at 100 ℃, vibrating at 200rpm, and cooling to room temperature; washing and filtering the cooled moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 5min in cold water at room temperature;
(3) putting the bamboo charcoal activated carbon particles obtained in the step (2) in an oven to dry to constant weight;
(4) putting 2g of dried bamboo charcoal active carbon particles into a conical flask, mixing 1g of ethylenediamine and 99g of deionized water to form a 1% potassium permanganate solution, and pouring the potassium permanganate solution into the conical flask; placing the mixture in a constant temperature shaking table, and treating for 24h at the conditions of 150rpm and 40 ℃;
(5) and (4) carrying out suction filtration on the treated mixture again, and drying the mixture in a 60 ℃ oven for 24 hours to obtain the composition.
Example 5
An activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency, which is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the moso bamboo activated carbon into activated carbon particles, and screening by using a 40-60 mesh screen;
(2) steaming and boiling the sieved moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 60min by using boiling water at 100 ℃, vibrating at 200rpm, and cooling to room temperature; washing and filtering the cooled moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 5min in cold water at room temperature;
(3) putting the bamboo charcoal activated carbon particles obtained in the step (2) in an oven to dry to constant weight;
(4) putting 2g of dried bamboo activated carbon particles into a conical flask, mixing 5g of ethylenediamine and 95g of deionized water to obtain a 5% ethylenediamine solution, and pouring the ethylenediamine solution into the conical flask; placing the mixture in a constant temperature shaking table, and treating for 12h at the conditions of 150rpm and 40 ℃;
(5) and (4) carrying out suction filtration on the treated mixture again, and drying the mixture in a 60 ℃ oven for 24 hours to obtain the composition.
Example 6
An activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency, which is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the moso bamboo activated carbon into activated carbon particles, and screening by using a 40-60 mesh screen;
(2) steaming and boiling the sieved moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 60min by using boiling water at 100 ℃, vibrating at 200rpm, and cooling to room temperature; washing and filtering the cooled moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 5min in cold water at room temperature;
(3) putting the bamboo charcoal activated carbon particles obtained in the step (2) in an oven to dry to constant weight;
(4) putting 2g of dried bamboo activated carbon particles into a conical flask, mixing 9g of ethylenediamine and 91g of deionized water to obtain 9% ethylenediamine solution, and pouring the ethylenediamine solution into the conical flask; placing the mixture in a constant temperature shaking table, and treating for 12h at the conditions of 150rpm and 40 ℃;
(5) and (4) carrying out suction filtration on the treated mixture again, and drying the mixture in a 60 ℃ oven for 24 hours to obtain the composition.
Example 7
An activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency, which is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the moso bamboo activated carbon into activated carbon particles, and screening by using a 40-60 mesh screen;
(2) steaming and boiling the sieved moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 60min by using boiling water at 100 ℃, vibrating at 200rpm, and cooling to room temperature; washing and filtering the cooled moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 5min in cold water at room temperature;
(3) putting the bamboo charcoal activated carbon particles obtained in the step (2) in an oven to dry to constant weight;
(4) 2g of dried bamboo charcoal particles are put into a conical flask, 0.1g of melamine and 99.9g of deionized water are mixed into 0.1 percent melamine solution, and the solution is poured into the conical flask; placing the mixture in a constant temperature shaking table, and treating for 12h at the conditions of 150rpm and 40 ℃;
(5) and (4) carrying out suction filtration on the treated mixture again, and drying the mixture in a 60 ℃ oven for 24 hours to obtain the composition.
Example 8
An activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency, which is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the moso bamboo activated carbon into activated carbon particles, and screening by using a 40-60 mesh screen;
(2) steaming and boiling the sieved moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 60min by using boiling water at 100 ℃, vibrating at 200rpm, and cooling to room temperature; washing and filtering the cooled moso bamboo activated carbon particles for 5min in cold water at room temperature;
(3) putting the bamboo charcoal activated carbon particles obtained in the step (2) in an oven to dry to constant weight;
(4) 2g of dried bamboo charcoal active carbon particles are put into a conical flask, 0.5g of melamine and 99.5g of deionized water are mixed into 0.5 percent melamine solution which is poured into the conical flask; placing the mixture in a constant temperature shaking table, and treating for 12h at the conditions of 150rpm and 40 ℃;
(5) and (4) carrying out suction filtration on the treated mixture again, and drying the mixture in a 60 ℃ oven for 24 hours to obtain the composition.
Verification example 1
Taking the activated carbon raw particles before modification and the modified activated carbon particles prepared by the methods of the embodiments 1 to 8 of the invention respectively to perform formaldehyde adsorption test, wherein the formaldehyde adsorption test conditions are as follows: the formaldehyde adsorption adopts a dynamic device with the performance of adsorbing formaldehyde by using active carbon, and the concentration of the formaldehyde is 1.5-2mg/m3The air flow rate is 180-200ml/min, and the mass of the activated carbon is 0.2 g.
The results are shown in table 1 below and fig. 1. The results show that the formaldehyde removal rate of the activated carbon raw particles can be maintained above 90% within 4h of the test, and then the adsorption efficiency is greatly reduced; the formaldehyde adsorption capacity of the modified activated carbon prepared according to the invention is remarkably improved, the formaldehyde adsorption capacity is improved by more than four times compared with that of the original activated carbon particles, the formaldehyde removal rate of more than 90% can be maintained at least for 20h, the activated carbon obtained after urea modification can last for more than 84h, and the dynamic formaldehyde removal rate of the activated carbon original particles before modification is averagely improved by more than 1400% in examples 1-8, so that the adsorption efficiency of the activated carbon is remarkably improved, and the service life of the activated carbon is prolonged; and the active carbon is modified according to the method in CN202011371227.9, so that the removal rate of the modified active carbon is improved by 250% on average compared with that of the active carbon raw particles before modification. Therefore, compared with the existing modified activated carbon, the modified activated carbon particles prepared by the method have higher-efficiency and longer-lasting formaldehyde adsorption capacity, and the adsorption efficiency of the traditional activated carbon is greatly improved.
TABLE 1 Formaldehyde removal rate of activated carbon
Adsorbent species Dynamic formaldehyde removal rate
Activated carbon raw particles The removal rate lasts more than 90 percent within 4h
Example 1 The removal rate lasts more than 90 percent within 84h
Example 2 The removal rate lasts more than 90 percent within 116h
Example 3 The removal rate lasts more than 90 percent within 96h
Example 4 The removal rate lasts more than 90 percent within 20h
Example 5 The removal rate lasts more than 90 percent within 27h
Example 6 The removal rate lasts more than 90 percent within 26h
Example 7 The removal rate lasts more than 90 percent within 48 hours
Example 8 The removal rate lasts more than 90 percent within 70h
The above detailed description section specifically describes the analysis method according to the present invention. It should be noted that the above description is only for the purpose of helping those skilled in the art better understand the method and idea of the present invention, and not for the limitation of the related contents. The present invention may be appropriately adjusted or modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the adjustment and modification also fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency includes an activated carbon, a nitrogen-doped modifier.
2. The activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency of claim 1 wherein the activated carbon is selected from the group consisting of moso bamboo activated carbon.
3. The activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency of claim 1 wherein the nitrogen doping modifier is selected from one or more of urea, ethylenediamine, and melamine.
4. The activated carbon having improved adsorption efficiency according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mass ratio of the activated carbon to the nitrogen-doping modifier is 1:0.1 to 50.
5. The method for producing activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the activated carbon into activated carbon particles, and sieving the activated carbon particles by using a screen;
(2) boiling the screened activated carbon particles in boiling water, vibrating, cooling to room temperature, and washing with cold water;
(3) placing the activated carbon particles subjected to suction filtration in an oven and drying to constant weight;
(4) adding the treated activated carbon particles into a nitrogen-doped modifier for dipping treatment, and oscillating by a constant-temperature shaking table;
(5) and washing and filtering the impregnated activated carbon particles, and then placing the activated carbon particles in an oven for drying to finally obtain the modified activated carbon.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the mesh number of the screen in the step (1) is 30 to 80 mesh.
7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the cooking time in step (2) is 60-180min, the shaking rate is 100-300rpm, and the cold water washing is 1-20 min.
8. The production method according to claim 5, wherein the drying temperature in the step (3) is 80 to 103 ℃.
9. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the dipping time in the step (4) is 6-24h, and the shaking conditions of the constant temperature shaking table are as follows: the temperature is 20-50 ℃, and the rotation speed is 150-300 rpm.
10. The production method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the drying temperature in step (5) is 80 to 103 ℃.
CN202110510534.9A 2021-05-11 2021-05-11 Activated carbon with improved adsorption efficiency and preparation method thereof Pending CN113231020A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109529783A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-03-29 滨州学院 Amino modified charcoal preparation method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109529783A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-03-29 滨州学院 Amino modified charcoal preparation method

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