CN113161175A - Switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a switch, comprising at least one insulating casing (10), a contact system (11), an operating mechanism (12), a current collector (13), and an electronic controller (14). The insulating casing (10) The cavity 10-1 is provided, the cavity 10-1 is used to accommodate part/all of the current collector (13) and/or the electronic circuit board (14-1), which is easy to reduce project costs, simplify equipment, and improve modules or equipment The degree of sharing can adapt to the upgrading and transformation of old equipment. Under the premise of including new modules, the switch occupies a small space, has high integration and high reliability.

Description

Switch

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of low-voltage electric appliances, in particular to a switch.

Background

With the continuous promotion of national power grids in the ubiquitous electric power internet of things construction, each product in an electric power system is continuously transformed and upgraded, and the switch keeps the original protection functions of overload, short circuit and the like and also has the functions of electric quantity data detection, communication, data display and the like. In order to realize the new functions, a communication module, more electronic controllers, a display module, a high-precision wide-range current acquisition module and a voltage acquisition module are required to be added. The addition of various modules makes the interior cavity of the switch size incapable of accommodating such a large number of modules. Peripheral devices such as backpack switches, LTUs, etc. are derived. The complexity of a low-voltage power distribution system is increased due to the addition of equipment, the functions of similar functional modules are not easy to share, and a series of problems such as repeated construction, unrepeated equipment utilization, lowered reliability, complicated maintenance work and the like are caused.

The novel switch has the advantages that project cost is reduced, equipment is simplified, the sharing degree of modules or equipment is improved, the novel switch is suitable for upgrading and transforming old equipment, the novel switch is urgently required to be developed, the occupied space of the novel switch is small on the premise that all newly added modules are contained, the integration degree is high, and the reliability is high.

The added module makes the structure inside the switch too compact, the conduction convection effect is reduced, and the temperature rise of the product can not meet the requirement of the corresponding standard.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one of the above problems, the present invention provides a switch, which can effectively solve the above problems.

The specific scheme of the invention is as follows:

a switch comprises at least one insulating shell, a contact system, an operating mechanism, a current collector and an electronic controller, wherein at least one cavity is formed at the bottom of the insulating shell, and at least one electronic circuit board is arranged in the cavity.

Preferably, a bottom plate or a lower base is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the insulating shell, and the cavity is formed between the bottom plate or the lower base and the insulating shell.

Preferably, the insulating housing comprises a base and a large cover, at least one inner cavity is formed between the base and the large cover, and a passage is arranged between the cavity and the inner cavity.

Preferably, the switch further comprises a power end and an actuator, and the electronic circuit board is connected with the power end, the current collector, the electronic controller or the actuator.

Preferably, the current collector is partially or completely arranged in the cavity.

Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged on the electronic circuit board or at the bottom of the insulating shell.

Preferably, an insulating partition is arranged at the top and/or the bottom of the cavity.

Preferably, the temperature sensor is one of a thermocouple, a thermistor, a platinum resistor and a temperature IC.

Preferably, the at least one temperature sensor is arranged in at least one of the incoming line terminal area, the outgoing line terminal area, the contact area and the screw area, and the temperature of the target area is measured in a contact or non-contact manner.

Preferably, the electric quantity or temperature information of the temperature sensor on the electronic circuit board in the cavity is transmitted to the temperature acquisition circuit on the electronic circuit board for analysis and processing.

Preferably, the path is used for passing at least one of the current collector, the electronic connector and the electronic connecting line.

Preferably, the cavity width is no greater than the width of the base.

Preferably, the cavity length is no greater than the base length.

Preferably, an air convection hole is provided at an end of the cavity.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a switch which comprises an insulating shell, a contact system, a current collector and an electronic controller. The switch can realize the conventional functions of overload, short-circuit protection and the like, and also can realize the functions of line electric quantity measurement/metering, fault local study and judgment, remote communication, local and remote display and the like.

The switch is suitable for ubiquitous power Internet of things upgrading products, the space for accommodating electronic components inside the switch is enlarged, good electromagnetic compatibility and heat dissipation environment are provided, the selection, arrangement and connection of the components are easy, the borrowing degree of structural parts is high, and the standardization level and the product reliability are improved. The switch keeps the original installation size and is easy to upgrade and replace products.

The switch has reasonable internal structural design and module layout, and can adapt to the height of the box body with the old size; meanwhile, the original installation size is kept, and the product is easy to upgrade and replace. Since the national power grid provides a ubiquitous power internet of things, various products in a power system are continuously upgraded and modified, and matching and reasonable layout of various products in a project are key points for project implementation. The switch of the invention has the advantages that the internal structure of the switch is designed delicately, the layout among modules is reasonable, and the more reasonable application size under the premise of meeting the function is achieved. Finally, the height of the switch can be suitable for the original box body, and the original box body does not need to be replaced. Meanwhile, the original installation size is kept, and only the original switch needs to be replaced during installation. No peripheral devices such as LTUs/backpacks need to be added. The switch integration level is improved, the equipment is simplified, and the switch sharing capability is improved.

The switch is provided with the cavity at the bottom of the insulating shell, and the heat dissipation effect is obvious. The electronic circuit board at the bottom side is provided with the gap, so that the electronic device is prevented from being in direct contact with a surface with relatively high temperature, the conduction heat dissipation level is reduced, the environmental temperature of the electronic device is further reduced, and the service life is prolonged. The air convection hole arranged at the end part of the cavity improves natural convection heat dissipation capacity, further reduces the environmental temperature of the electronic device, increases reliability and prolongs the service life.

The base can be split into an upper base and a lower base, a detachable structure is arranged between the upper base and the lower base, an intermediate part is added, the process optimization is facilitated, the borrowing degree of structural parts is further improved, and the standardization level and the product reliability are improved. And the top and/or the bottom of the cavity are/is provided with the insulating partition plates, so that the electric insulating property and the electric safety are improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 to 7 are schematic structural diagrams of a switch according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 to 9 are schematic structural diagrams of a switch according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention. The present invention is in no way limited to any specific configuration and algorithm set forth below, but rather covers any modification, replacement or improvement of elements, parts without departing from the spirit of the invention.

First embodiment

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a three-pole base and three-pole cover of a switch is shown, in this embodiment, the switch is a three-pole switch and comprises an insulating shell 10, a contact system 11, an operating mechanism 12, a current collector 13 and an electronic controller 14, the insulating housing 10 comprises a base 10-2 and a big cover 10-3, the base 10-2 and the big cover 10-3 are arranged in sequence along the X-axis direction shown in figure 1, the contact system 11, the operating mechanism 12 and the current collector 13 are arranged in the insulating shell 10, the contact system 11 can be closed or opened under the driving of the operating mechanism 12, therefore, the circuit is switched on or off, the current collector 13 can collect current information and transmit the current information to the electronic controller 14, and the electronic controller 14 comprises at least one electronic circuit board. The current collector 13 may be any one or more of a zero sequence current transformer, a current sensor, and a shunt, and may be set according to a function to be implemented by the circuit breaker, which is not limited herein.

As shown in fig. 1, at least one bottom plate 10C is disposed outside a bottom portion 10A of the insulating housing 10, the bottom portion 10A of the insulating housing 10 is a side away from the handle of the operating mechanism 12 along an X-axis direction shown in fig. 1, at least one cavity 10-1 is formed in the bottom plate 10C, the cavity 10-1 is a portion enclosed by a solid-thick line frame on a left side in the drawing, the cavity 10-1 is used for accommodating at least one electronic circuit board of the electronic controller 14, in this embodiment, the electronic controller 14 includes a lower electronic circuit board 14-1, and the lower electronic circuit board 14-1 is disposed in the cavity 10-1. Preferably, a gap is formed between the electronic component of the lower electronic circuit board 14-1 accommodated in the cavity 10-1 and the bottom 10A of the insulating housing 10, so as to provide a heat dissipation space for the lower electronic circuit board 14-1. The switch of this embodiment adapts to ubiquitous electric power thing networking upgrading product, can increase the space that holds electronic device, provides good electromagnetic compatibility, heat dissipation environment, easily device selection, arranges and connects, and the structure spare part borrows the degree height, improves standardization level and product reliability. In addition, the original installation size is also kept, and the product is easy to upgrade and replace.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the base 10-2 and the large cover 10-3 enclose to form at least one inner cavity 10-4, the inner cavity 10-4 is a portion defined by a right solid-heavy-line frame as shown in fig. 2, a passage 10-11 is provided between the cavity 10-1 and the inner cavity 10-4, and the passage 10-11 is provided for the current collector 13 to pass through as defined by a dashed-heavy-line frame as shown in fig. 1. The channel 10-11 is arranged to make the cavity 10-1 and the inner cavity 10-4 organically connected together, and the arrangement of devices or modules is more flexible and diversified. Furthermore, the space arrangement of components with larger sizes, such as a current collector 13, a voltage collector, a capacitor, a piezoresistor and the like, is facilitated, good electromagnetic compatibility and good heat dissipation environment are provided, and the components are easy to select, arrange and connect.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the cavity 10-1 has a length equal to the length of the base 10-2. The length refers to the length in the Y-axis direction as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2. The device accommodated by the cavity 10-1 includes, but is not limited to, a combination of one or more of voltage acquisition elements, a current collector 13, an MCU, a metering IC, a current self-generating power supply, a carrier communication module, a 485 communication module, a 4G/5G, WIFI, BLE, ZigBee, NB-IoT, LoRa, LAN, CAN, DeviceNet, Profibus, I2C, SPI and other communication electronic components.

In another preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the current collector 13 is partially disposed in the cavity 10-1 and partially disposed in the insulating housing 10, the electronic controller 14 includes an electronic connector 14-11 and an electronic connection 14-12, and the passage 10-11 can accommodate the electronic connector 14-11 and the electronic connection 14-12. Of course, in other embodiments, the paths 10-11 may also accommodate one or more of the current collector 13, the electrical connectors 14-11, and the electrical connection lines 14-12, without limitation. Namely: in this embodiment, the cavity 10-1 partially accommodates the current collector 13 and all the lower electronic circuit boards 14-1, and the specific arrangement is determined according to the functional requirements and the degree of miniaturization of the components.

In still another preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the current collector 13 and the lower electronic circuit board 14 are all disposed in the cavity 10-1, that is, the cavity 10-1 all accommodates the current collector 13 and all the lower electronic circuit boards 14, and the specific arrangement is determined according to the functional requirements and the degree of miniaturization of the components.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the width of the cavity 10-1 is equal to the width occupied by the base 10-2, the width is the dimension in the Z-axis direction shown in fig. 4, and the range of the devices accommodated in the cavity 10-1 includes electronic devices for communication, such as a voltage acquisition element, a current collector 13, an MCU, a metering IC, a current self-generating power supply, a carrier communication module, a 485 communication module, 4G/5G, WIFI, BLE, ZigBee, NB-IoT, LoRa, LAN, CAN, DeviceNet, Profibus, I2C, SPI, and the like.

In this embodiment, the switch further includes a power source terminal 11-1 and an actuator 15, and the lower electronic circuit board 14-1 may be connected to the power source terminal 11-1, the current collector 13, the electronic controller 14 or the actuator 15.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, an air convection hole 10-1-2 is arranged at the end 10-1-1 of the cavity 10-1, and the arrangement of the air convection hole 10-1-2 can enhance the convection heat exchange effect at the position, so that the temperature rise effect of the switch meets the requirement of the corresponding standard.

As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the top 10-1-3 and the bottom 10-1-4 of the cavity 10-1 are respectively provided with an insulating partition 10-1-5, the top refers to a side of the cavity 10-1 close to the handle of the switch along the X-axis direction shown in fig. 1, and the bottom refers to a side of the cavity 10-1 far from the handle of the switch along the X-axis direction shown in fig. 1, and the insulating partition 10-1-5 is provided to improve the electrical insulating performance and improve the electrical safety.

Furthermore, a gap is arranged between the bottom electronic circuit board 14-1 and the top 10-1-3 of the cavity 10-1, and the gap prevents electronic components on the bottom electronic circuit board 14-1 from being in direct contact with a relatively high-temperature surface, so that the conduction and heat dissipation level is reduced, the environmental temperature of the electronic components is further reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

As shown in fig. 5, the switch includes a wire inlet terminal area i, a wire outlet terminal area ii, a contact area iii and a screw area iv, the wire inlet terminal area i and the wire outlet terminal area ii are respectively located at two ends of the switch and respectively correspond to a wire inlet terminal and a wire outlet terminal of the switch, the contact area iii is arranged corresponding to a contact system of the switch, a plurality of temperature sensors 10-1-51 are arranged on an insulating partition 10-1-5 arranged on a top 10-1-3 of the cavity 10-1, the temperature sensors 10-1-51 are respectively arranged on the wire inlet terminal area i, the wire outlet terminal area ii, the contact area iii and the screw area iv and are respectively used for detecting a temperature of the wire inlet terminal area i, a temperature of the wire outlet terminal area ii, a temperature of the contact area iii and a temperature of the screw area iv, Further reflecting whether the operation condition of the corresponding area is good or not and the inlet wire temperature early warning and alarming. Preferably, the temperature sensors 10-1-51 are selected from but not limited to thermistors, thermocouples and temperature sensing chips. The electric quantity or the temperature information of the temperature sensor 10-1-51 is transmitted to a temperature acquisition circuit 14-4 on the electronic circuit board 14-1 for analysis and processing, and the acquired temperature information is transmitted to the electronic controller 14 for analysis and processing and then is further transmitted to a receiving device, a master station and the like in a communication network through a communication module.

All the structural features of the present embodiment are equally applicable in the 4P product.

Second embodiment

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a use scheme of a three-pole split base and a three-pole cover of a switch, in this embodiment, the switch includes an insulating housing 10, a contact system 11, an operating mechanism 12, a current collector 13, and an electronic controller 14. As in the first embodiment, the insulating housing 10 includes a base 10-2 and a large cover 10-3, and the contact system 11, the operating mechanism 12 and the current collector 13 are disposed in the insulating housing 10 formed by the base 10-2 and the large cover 10-3.

Unlike the first embodiment, the base 10-2 of the present embodiment includes an upper base 10-21 and a lower base 10-22, and the upper base 10-21 and the lower base 10-22 are assembled by screw bolt connection or nut bolt connection. The cavity 10-1 is formed by combining an upper base 10-21 and a lower base 10-22, and the cavity 10-1 is used for accommodating an electronic circuit board of the electronic controller 14, specifically a lower electronic circuit board 14-1. The structure is suitable for ubiquitous power Internet of things upgrading products, the space for accommodating electronic devices is enlarged, good electromagnetic compatibility and heat dissipation environments are provided, the devices are easy to select, arrange and connect, the borrowing degree of structural parts is high, and the standardization level and the product reliability are improved. The original installation size is kept, and the product is easy to upgrade and replace.

In the process of product design, the upper base 10-21 and the lower base 10-22 can be respectively designed, and only the connection structure between the upper base and the lower base needs to be ensured, thereby being beneficial to process optimization, further improving the borrowing degree of structural parts, and improving the standardization level and the product reliability.

Referring to fig. 8, the cavity 10-1 is a part circled by a thick frame at the left side, and the cavity 10-1 is used for accommodating the electronic circuit board 14-1.

Referring to fig. 8, the insulating housing 10 includes an upper base 10-21, a lower base 10-22, and a large cover 10-3, and a passage 10-11 is provided between the cavity 10-1 and at least one inner cavity 10-4 (a thick wire frame on the right forms a circled portion) formed by the upper base 10-21 and the large cover 10-3. The passages 10-11 allow passage of electrical connectors 14-11 (see fig. 8). The arrangement of the passage 10-11 makes the cavity 10-1 and the inner cavity 10-4 organically connected together, and the arrangement of the device or the module is more flexible and diversified.

The cavity 10-1 has a width equal to the width occupied by the base 10-2; the device scope that wherein holds includes voltage acquisition element, and the electronic components of communications such as electric current collector 13, MCU, measurement IC, electric current self-generating power supply, carrier communication module, 485 communication module, 4G/5G, WIFI, BLE, zigBee, NB-IoT, LoRa, LAN, CAN, DeviceNet, Profibus, I2C, SPI.

In this embodiment, the length of the cavity 10-1 is smaller than the length occupied by the base 10-2, so that the arrangement can provide saved space for the contact part, and an arc extinguishing system with high repulsion and high magnetic blow is added, thereby improving the breaking capacity of the switch and meeting the breaking requirement of a higher-capacity power system.

Third embodiment

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker width derived version of the switching triode base cavity 10-1.

The base is divided into three areas from left to right in the width direction, namely a subarea 1, a subarea 2 and a subarea 3, and the cavity 10-1 can occupy any part of the subarea 1, the subarea 2 and the subarea 3 and any combination of the subareas. Specifically, partition 1; partition 2; partition 3; partition 1 and partition 2; partition 1 and partition 3; partition 2 and partition 3; partition 1, partition 2, and partition 3.

For example, the cavity 10-1 occupies any single one of the sections 1, 2, or 3, for relatively simple functional requirements, such as short-circuit, short-delay protection. This function is very suitable for use in an electric energy metering box. A plurality of branch lines connected in parallel are branched out of the back of the main switch, the branch lines are very thin and have a difference of about 10 times with the incoming line section of the main switch, and therefore the short-circuit short-delay protection with low times can meet the requirements of line protection of outgoing lines and matching selectivity of level differences.

For example, the combination of the partition 1 and the partition 2, the combination of the partition 1 and the partition 3, and the combination of the partition 2 and the partition 3 are suitable for some electronic components with relatively large volume, such as voltage acquisition elements, capacitors and the like.

The above is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiment of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. A switch, comprising at least one insulating casing (10), a contact system (11), an operating mechanism (12), a current collector (13), and an electronic controller (14), the bottom of the insulating casing (10) being At least one cavity (10-1) is formed on the outside, characterized in that: at least one electronic circuit board (14-1) is arranged in the cavity (10-1). 2. A switch according to claim 1, characterized in that a bottom plate (10C) or a lower base (10-22) is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the insulating housing (10), and the bottom plate (10C) Or the cavity (10-1) is formed between the lower base (10-22) and the insulating casing (10). 3. The switch according to claim 1, wherein the insulating housing (10) comprises a base (10-2) and a large cover (10-3), the base (10-2) and the At least one inner cavity (10-4) is formed between the large covers (10-3), and a passage (10-11) is provided between the cavity (10-1) and the inner cavity (10-4) . 4. The switch according to claim 1, further comprising a power supply terminal (11-1) and an actuator (15), the electronic circuit board (14-1) and the power supply terminal (11-1) ), current collector (13), electronic controller (14) or actuator (15) connection. 5. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, the current collector (13) is partially or entirely provided in the cavity (10-1). 6. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, a temperature sensor (10-1-51) is provided on the electronic circuit board (14-1) or at the bottom of the insulating casing (10). 7. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, insulating partitions (10) are provided on the top (10-1-3) and/or the bottom (10-1-4) of the cavity (10-1) -1-5). 8. The switch according to claim 6, wherein the temperature sensor (10-1-51) is one of a thermocouple, a thermistor, a platinum resistance, and a temperature IC. 9. The switch according to claim 6, wherein the at least one temperature sensor (10-1-51) is arranged in the incoming wiring terminal area (I), the outgoing wiring terminal area (II), the contact area (III) and at least one of the screw area (IV), and use contact or non-contact to measure the temperature of the target area. 10. The switch according to claim 6, characterized in that, the electric quantity or temperature information of the temperature sensor (10-1-51) on the electronic circuit board (14-1) in the cavity (10-1) It is transmitted to the temperature acquisition circuit (14-4) on the electronic circuit board (14-1) for analysis and processing. 11. The switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, the passage (10-11) is used for the current collector (13), the electronic connector (14-11) and the electronic connecting line (14-12) At least one passed. 12. The switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, the width of the cavity (10-1) is not greater than the width of the base (10-2). 13. The switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, the length of the cavity (10-1) is not greater than the length of the base (10-2). 14. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, an air convection hole (10-1-2) is provided at the end (10-1-1) of the cavity (10-1).

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