CN113134634B - Aligning instrument and method for eccentric alignment of four-jaw chuck of lathe - Google Patents
Aligning instrument and method for eccentric alignment of four-jaw chuck of lathe Download PDFInfo
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- CN113134634B CN113134634B CN202110439772.5A CN202110439772A CN113134634B CN 113134634 B CN113134634 B CN 113134634B CN 202110439772 A CN202110439772 A CN 202110439772A CN 113134634 B CN113134634 B CN 113134634B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/18—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for positioning only
- B23Q3/183—Centering devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2231/00—Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
- B23B2231/30—Chucks with four jaws
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an alignment instrument and an alignment method for eccentric alignment of a four-jaw chuck of a lathe, wherein the alignment instrument comprises a pressure rod, an alignment groove is arranged at the front end of the pressure rod, an arc-shaped part is arranged at the corner of the alignment groove, the circle center of the arc-shaped part is superposed with a right-angle corner point of the inner wall surface of the alignment groove, and a conical slot is arranged at the circle center of the arc-shaped part; the pressure bar is provided with a plug hole at the position close to the front end, a radial spherical plain bearing is arranged in the plug hole, and the inner ring of the radial spherical plain bearing is plugged with the correcting rod. The alignment instrument has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, capability of improving the clamping precision of a workpiece, convenience in adjusting the center of an eccentric part, easiness in operation of an alignment method and capability of quickly and accurately performing alignment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical tools, in particular to an alignment instrument and an alignment method for eccentric alignment of a four-jaw chuck of a lathe.
Background
The alignment of the workpiece means: the process of mounting the workpiece to be machined on the chuck so that the center of the workpiece coincides with the center of rotation of the chuck is referred to as aligning the workpiece. It is important to align the workpiece and if turning is performed without alignment, a series of quality problems can result.
Three-jaw self-centering chucks and single action chucks are common universal fixtures in the use of lathes. The three-jaw self-centering chuck is suitable for clamping round parts and automatically centering after clamping. Single-action chucks, also known as four-jaw chucks, have four independently associated jaws that cannot move radially simultaneously as the jaws of a three-jaw self-centering chuck do. The four-jaw chuck can clamp square and special-shaped parts, and the center can be conveniently adjusted, so that the four-jaw chuck is wider in applicability. The working principle is that four lead screws respectively drive four claws to clamp, and compared with a three-claw chuck and a common four-claw chuck, the four-claw chuck has no automatic centering function. The four-jaw chuck has large clamping force, and each chuck can be independently moved and is suitable for clamping eccentric parts and irregular parts. However, the four clamping jaws are very difficult to adjust, time-consuming and labor-consuming, occupy a large amount of time, are particularly remarkable in mass production, seriously affect the processing efficiency, and are particularly prominent in eccentric alignment.
The conventional alignment usually refers to comparing a sample punched hole on a workpiece with a tailstock center of a machine tool, then rotating a chuck to enable a scriber point to draw a circle around the sample punched hole, adjusting the position of a clamping jaw of the chuck, and determining the alignment center of the workpiece by visually observing the coincidence of the circle center of the drawn circle and the sample punched hole. The alignment method has the advantages that the accuracy is easy to ensure when the non-eccentric part is aligned, but the alignment is time-consuming and labor-consuming when the eccentric part is aligned, and the alignment accuracy is difficult to ensure, so that the defects of low production efficiency and difficult quality guarantee are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an alignment instrument and an alignment method for eccentric alignment of a four-jaw chuck of a lathe.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an eccentric alignment appearance of using of aligning of four jaw chucks of lathe which characterized in that: the device comprises a pressure rod, wherein an alignment groove is arranged at the front end of the pressure rod, an arc-shaped part is arranged at the corner of the alignment groove, the circle center of the arc-shaped part is superposed with the right-angle corner point of the inner wall surface of the alignment groove, and a tapered slot is arranged at the circle center of the arc-shaped part;
the pressure bar is provided with a plug hole at the position close to the front end, a radial spherical plain bearing is arranged in the plug hole, and the inner ring of the radial spherical plain bearing is plugged with the correcting rod.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the two ends of the correcting rod are provided with pointed ends.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for performing alignment by using an alignment instrument for eccentric alignment of a four-jaw chuck of a lathe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) drawing a horizontal and vertical cross line on a workpiece to be processed, processing a sample punching hole at the intersection of the cross lines, mounting the workpiece on a four-jaw chuck, keeping the central lines of front and rear jaws consistent with the cross line drawn on the workpiece to be processed, and keeping the central lines of upper and lower jaws consistent with the vertical line drawn on the workpiece to be processed respectively;
2) the correcting rod is detached from the radial spherical plain bearing, then the rear end of the pressure rod of the alignment instrument is arranged in a lathe saddle, the position of the pressure rod is adjusted, so that the tip of the tailstock of the machine tool can be inserted into the slot, and then the lathe saddle clamps the pressure rod;
3) axially moving the alignment instrument to be close to the workpiece, rotating the chuck to enable a transverse line of a cross line drawn on the workpiece to be machined to be superposed with a horizontal plane of the alignment groove, enable a vertical line of the cross line drawn on the workpiece to be machined to be superposed with a vertical plane of the alignment groove, and moving the adjusting clamping jaw to enable the central axis of the punched hole of the workpiece sample to be superposed with the central axis of the slot;
4) axially moving the alignment instrument to be far away from the workpiece, horizontally moving a lathe tool rest forwards to enable the central axis of the sample punching hole to be coincident with the central axis of the inserting hole, then inserting the correcting rod into the radial spherical plain bearing, enabling a tip of the correcting rod close to one end of the workpiece to be inserted into the workpiece sample punching hole, and enabling the tip of the other end of the correcting rod to point to the top of a tailstock of the machine tool;
5) and when the correcting rod of the rotary chuck does not swing obviously, the center of the workpiece is aligned.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; and 4) horizontally moving the tool rest of the lathe forwards by the straight line distance between the center of the slot and the center of the plug hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the alignment instrument has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, capability of improving the clamping precision of a workpiece, convenience in adjusting the center of an eccentric part, easiness in operation of an alignment method and capability of quickly and accurately performing alignment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a state diagram of the use of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a pressure lever; 2. aligning the groove; 3. an arcuate portion; 4. inserting slots; 5. a radial spherical plain bearing; 6. a correction lever; 7. a workpiece; 8. a chuck; 9. a lathe carriage; 10. machine tool tailstock centre.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, an alignment apparatus for eccentric alignment of a four-jaw chuck of a lathe comprises a pressure lever 1, wherein an alignment groove 2 is arranged at the front end of the pressure lever 1, an arc-shaped part 3 is arranged at a corner of the alignment groove 2, the center of the arc-shaped part 3 is superposed with a right-angle corner point of the inner wall surface of the alignment groove 2, and a tapered slot 4 is arranged at the center of the arc-shaped part 3;
the pressure bar 1 is provided with a plug hole near the front end, a radial spherical plain bearing 5 is arranged in the plug hole, an inner ring of the radial spherical plain bearing 5 is plugged with a correction rod 6, and tips are arranged at two ends of the correction rod 6.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, a method for alignment using the alignment apparatus includes the following steps:
1) drawing a horizontal and vertical cross line on a workpiece 7 to be processed, processing a sample punching hole at the intersection of the cross lines, mounting the workpiece 7 on a four-jaw chuck 8, keeping the central lines of front and rear jaws consistent with the horizontal line drawn on the workpiece 7 to be processed, and keeping the central lines of upper and lower jaws consistent with the vertical line drawn on the workpiece 7 to be processed respectively
2) The correcting rod 6 is detached from the radial spherical plain bearing 5, then the rear end of the alignment instrument pressure rod 1 is arranged in the lathe tool rest 9, the position of the pressure rod 1 is adjusted, so that the lathe tailstock center 10 can be inserted into the slot 4, and then the lathe tool rest 9 clamps the pressure rod 1;
3) axially moving the alignment instrument to be close to the workpiece 7, rotating the chuck 8 to enable the horizontal line in the cross line marked on the workpiece 7 to be machined to coincide with the horizontal plane of the alignment groove 2 and the vertical line of the cross line marked on the workpiece 7 to be machined to coincide with the vertical plane of the alignment groove 2, and moving the adjusting clamping jaw to enable the central axis of the punched hole of the workpiece 7 to coincide with the central axis of the slot 4;
4) moving the alignment instrument axially to be far away from the workpiece 7, moving the lathe tool rest 9 horizontally forwards, wherein the moving distance is the linear distance between the center of the slot 4 and the center of the inserting hole, so that the central axis of the sample punched hole is coincided with the central axis of the inserting hole, then inserting the correction rod 6 into the radial spherical plain bearing 5, inserting the tip of one end, close to the workpiece 7, of the correction rod 6 into the sample punched hole of the workpiece 7, and pointing the tip of the other end of the correction rod 6 to the tailstock center 10 of the machine tool;
5) and (3) rotating the chuck 8, driving the correcting rod 6 to rotate by the workpiece 7, observing the swing amplitude of the tip of the correcting rod 6 relative to the tailstock centre 10 of the machine tool, adjusting the clamping jaws according to the swing amplitude, enabling the central axis of the correcting rod 6 and the tailstock centre 10 of the machine tool to be on the same axis, and finishing centering of the center of the workpiece 7 when the correcting rod 6 does not swing obviously by rotating the chuck 8.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which is not intended to be limiting in any way, and other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms indicating an orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an eccentric alignment appearance of using of lathe four-jaw chuck which characterized in that: the device comprises a pressure rod, wherein an alignment groove is arranged at the front end of the pressure rod, an arc-shaped part is arranged at the corner of the alignment groove, the circle center of the arc-shaped part is superposed with the right-angle corner point of the inner wall surface of the alignment groove, and a tapered slot is arranged at the circle center of the arc-shaped part;
the pressure bar is provided with a plug hole at the position close to the front end, a radial spherical plain bearing is arranged in the plug hole, and the inner ring of the radial spherical plain bearing is plugged with the correcting rod.
2. The alignment apparatus for lathe four-jaw chuck eccentric alignment according to claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the correcting rod are provided with pointed ends.
3. A method of alignment using the alignment apparatus of claim 2, comprising the steps of:
1) machining a sample punching hole on a workpiece to be machined by a cross line scribing method, mounting the workpiece on a four-jaw chuck, keeping the central lines of front and rear jaws consistent with a transverse line scribed on the workpiece to be machined, and keeping the central lines of upper and lower jaws consistent with a vertical line scribed on the workpiece to be machined respectively;
2) the correcting rod is detached from the radial spherical plain bearing, then the rear end of the pressure rod of the alignment instrument is arranged in the lathe tool rest, the position of the pressure rod is adjusted, so that the center of the tailstock of the machine tool can be inserted into the slot, and then the lathe tool rest clamps the pressure rod;
3) axially moving the alignment instrument to be close to the workpiece, rotating the chuck to enable a transverse line of a cross line drawn on the workpiece to be machined to be superposed with a horizontal plane of the alignment groove, a vertical line of the cross line drawn on the workpiece to be machined to be superposed with a vertical plane of the alignment groove, and moving the adjusting clamping jaw to enable a central axis of a workpiece sample punching hole to be superposed with a central axis of the slot;
4) axially moving the alignment instrument to be far away from the workpiece, horizontally moving a lathe tool rest forwards to enable the central axis of the sample punching hole to be coincident with the central axis of the inserting hole, then inserting the correcting rod into the radial spherical plain bearing, enabling a tip of the correcting rod close to one end of the workpiece to be inserted into the workpiece sample punching hole, and enabling the tip of the other end of the correcting rod to point to the top of a tailstock of the machine tool;
5) and rotating the chuck, driving the correcting rod to rotate together by the workpiece, observing the swing amplitude of the tip of the correcting rod relative to the center of the tailstock of the machine tool, adjusting the clamping jaw according to the swing amplitude, enabling the central axis of the correcting rod and the center of the tailstock of the machine tool to be on the same axis, and finishing centering of the center of the workpiece when the correcting rod of the rotating chuck does not swing obviously.
4. A method of alignment using the alignment apparatus of claim 3, comprising: and 4) horizontally moving the tool rest of the lathe forwards by the straight line distance between the center of the slot and the center of the plug hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110439772.5A CN113134634B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Aligning instrument and method for eccentric alignment of four-jaw chuck of lathe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110439772.5A CN113134634B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Aligning instrument and method for eccentric alignment of four-jaw chuck of lathe |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113134634A CN113134634A (en) | 2021-07-20 |
| CN113134634B true CN113134634B (en) | 2022-07-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110439772.5A Active CN113134634B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Aligning instrument and method for eccentric alignment of four-jaw chuck of lathe |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114714152B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-11-21 | 河南平高电气股份有限公司 | Barrel inner wall cutting device and alignment method thereof |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201244693Y (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-05-27 | 郑州九冶三维化工机械有限公司 | Hub inner surface processing apparatus |
| CN102500761A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2012-06-20 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Machining process for slender shaft type part of unmachined outer circle |
| EP2676755A1 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2013-12-25 | SMW-AUTOBLOK Spannsysteme GmbH | Power collet chuck |
| CN203695985U (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-07-09 | 成都大漠石油机械有限公司 | Lathe workpiece alignment device |
| CN203887272U (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-10-22 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Hole position transfer device |
| CN105436519B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-03-23 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | The aligning method of macrotype axes series parts is processed on lathe |
| CN206253668U (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-06-16 | 中煤张家口煤矿机械有限责任公司 | A kind of Special three-jaw chuck of clamping square part |
| CN209578213U (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-11-05 | 锦州捷通铁路机械股份有限公司 | Light rail train axle box processes positioning tool |
| CN212551791U (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-02-19 | 厦门东亚机械工业股份有限公司 | Turning clamp for eccentric hole of square part |
| CN112517941B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2024-01-02 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Rapid alignment device and alignment method for heavy long-axis products |
| DE202021000259U1 (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-02-10 | Antonio Basile Gmbh | Shear force-free compensation module for rotary heart |
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