CN113131437A

CN113131437A - Anti-out-of-control must ampere of drive circuit and true security protection earth leakage protector

Info

Publication number: CN113131437A
Application number: CN201911374875.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘少华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-30
Filing date: 2019-12-30
Publication date: 2021-07-16

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-runaway must ampere driving circuit and a true security protection leakage protector, and the technical scheme is as follows: the HAKM is used as the core device of the true security leakage protector, and two trigger input ends V of the core device_i1、V_i2The rear ends of the series of resistors R8 and R9 are connected with a secondary n of the transformer H₃At both ends of the secondary n₃E end and driving end V of_DLA resistor R10 is connected between the two terminals, and an AC input terminal V_S2A load line L is connected behind the capacitor C9, the resistor R7, the fuse RD and the thermistor PTC in series₂AC input terminal V_S1Load line N₂At the drive end V_DTAnd V_DLThe primary n of the relay J coil and the relay J two-set normally open contact control transformer H are connected between₁And n₂And an ac power source for the load. If leakage or self-failure occurs, the relay J can reliably cut off the AC power supply. It can be seen that the invention can prevent eachThe failure is out of control, and the power utilization is ensured to be surely safe.

Description

Anti-out-of-control must ampere of drive circuit and true security protection earth leakage protector

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electric shock or leakage protection protector and a core circuit module thereof, in particular to a must-safe driving circuit and a true-safe leakage or electric shock protection protector which can completely prevent failure out of control and failure of leakage protection functions, and are called as the 'runaway-proof must-safe driving circuit and true-safe leakage protection protector' for short.

Background

At present, the earth leakage protector that generally prevails in the market is of a great variety, can all carry out effective protection control to the electric leakage of alternating current electrical apparatus or human electric shock when normal, but still generally has the fatal defect of latent: when the earth leakage protector has abnormal fault, its protection function will be invalid to form out-of-control jump rejection, and the AC power supply can not be cut off in time when the earth leakage or electric shock occurs, so that the life safety of the electric shock can not be protected! However, this also complies with the current national and prevailing international technical standards of the industry. In reality, any electromechanical product is inevitable to have abnormal faults, such as: it is common that a secondary coil of a zero sequence current transformer and a trip coil of a protection switch in a leakage protector are most prone to disconnection faults, or an out-of-control failure caused by an open circuit or short circuit fault at a certain position of a circuit occurs, or an integrated circuit (for example, a leakage protection special integrated circuit: 54123) which amplifies a leakage signal is complex in interior, has multiple fault modes, is difficult to see and avoids an unpredictable function failure, so that an iron core in the trip coil cannot be driven, the protection switch cannot be knocked off, the protection circuit cannot be triggered to act to form an out-of-control state when the leakage signal occurs, a power supply cannot be cut off in time, and the leakage protection function is lost, which is a technical problem which is ignored for a long time in the field. Therefore, the current leakage protectors are only provided with test buttons to check whether the safety protection function is effective or not and warn users to check the efficacy regularly. However, in practical use, users often neglect or forget or inconveniently perform validity check, which allows a large number of false safety earth leakage protectors with ineffective earth leakage protection function to be hidden in the power grid for operation, and thus there is a fatal danger! Instead, one also mistakenly believes it is safe and effective! Therefore, the current leakage protector is easy to cause electric shock casualty accidents when being abnormally disabled! Therefore, the technical problem is solved firstly, and the technical standard is promoted later, which is not only an urgent need for public electricity utilization safety, but also a development opportunity in the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problems that the current popular leakage protector has potential fatal hidden trouble, is out of control and fails due to the abnormal fault of the protector, cannot cut off the power supply in time and seriously threatens the life safety; the invention aims to provide an anti-runaway must-safe driving circuit and a real security and protection leakage protector, which can ensure that the safety quality standard of the real security and protection leakage protector reaches unprecedented extremely high requirements: if any abnormal fault occurs and the controlled load has the same leakage or electric shock, the AC power supply can be effectively disconnected in time and certainly, so that the power consumers can avoid danger; the safety protection control system can completely and truly prevent various faults from being out of control, prevent the leakage protection function from being invalid, completely eliminate fatal hidden dangers, never generate false safety states, perfectly realize the full-true safety protection control function which is certainly effective, and certainly protect the life safety of power consumers in the full-true process.

In order to solve the technical problems and achieve the purposes, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

firstly, the invention discloses an anti-runaway must-ampere driving circuit HAKM as a core device or a core circuit module of a true security and protection leakage protector, wherein the core device HAKM has the technical characteristics shown in the attached figure 1, and the key device HAKM comprises a photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) and a light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) in a dotted line frame; a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_i1) A second trigger input end (V) for connecting and detecting the output signal of the peripheral sensor and the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_i2) A high-order photoelectric control end (V) for peripherally arranging a bottom-protecting limit and a photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) Adapted to the first trigger input (V) when a resistor or a varistor or a voltage-stabilizing device is connected in series between_i1) The input signal amplitude is very strong, and the high-order photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) Is adapted to the first trigger input (V) when idle_i1) The input signal amplitude is very weak, light (G) emitted by the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) irradiates a photosensitive device of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8) and is used for controlling the power-on or power-off of a controlled rectifier bridge in the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8), and the positive power input end of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) (ii) a A pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) And a push-up drive output (V)_DT) The external actuator can be connected between the light-operated bridge type driving circuit and the controlled electrical appliance to control the work of the controlled electrical appliance, and the alternating current power supply input end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_S1) N for connecting or inputting low-voltage AC power supply₂Input terminal (V) of AC power supply for an optically controlled bridge driver circuit (8)_S2) L for connecting or inputting low-voltage AC power supply₅A pole;

or the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is cancelled, the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) is reserved, an external light emitting device is used for irradiating a photosensitive device in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8), or the high and low levels output by the external circuit are connected with two ends of the photosensitive device in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8), so that the external circuit directly controls the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) to drive the actuator to work.

1. The technical measures of the preferred anti-runaway must-ampere driving circuit HAKM are shown in the attached figure 2 in detail as the specific embodiment 1: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 2WD2, a resistor 2R1, a voltage dependent resistor 2YR1, photoresistors 2GR1 and 2GR2 and a starting capacitor 2C2, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 to 2DK4, diodes 2D1 to 2D6, a voltage stabilizing diode 2WD1, resistors 2R2, 2R3 and 2R5, a voltage dependent resistor 2YR2, a photoresistor 2GR3, a starting capacitor 2C3 and an electrolytic capacitor 2C 1; the anode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier 2DK1 and the cathode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier 2DK4 in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) are connected with the anode of the diode 2D5 and one end of the piezoresistor 2YR2 to be used as the input end of an alternating current power supply (V)_S1) The anode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK2 and the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK3 are connected with the anode of the diode 2D6, the other end of the piezoresistor 2YR2 and one end of the resistor 2R5 to be used as alternating current input ends (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 2R5 is used as an input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S2) The connection point of the two cathodes of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 and 2DK2 connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD1 and the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor 2C1 is used as the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The connection point of the two anodes of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK3 and 2DK4, which is connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD1 and the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor 2C1, is used as the pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) The control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK1 is connected with the cathode of the diode 2D1, the control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK2 is connected with the cathode of the diode 2D2, the control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK3 is connected with the cathode of the diode 2D3, the control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK4 is connected with the cathode of the diode 2D4, the two anodes of the diodes 2D3 and 2D4 are connected with one end of the resistor 2R3, the other end of the resistor 2R3 is connected with the resistor 2R2, the photoresistor 2GR3 and one end of the starting capacitor 2C3The other end of the resistor 2R2 is connected to the two anodes of the diodes 2D1 and 2D2, and the other end of the photoresistor 2GR3 and the other end of the starting capacitor 2C3 are connected to the two cathodes of the diodes 2D5 and 2D 6; one end of the piezoresistor 2YR1 in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with an upper push driving output end (V)_DT) The other end of the piezoresistor 2YR1 is connected with the photoresistor 2GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 2C2, and the other end is used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C1) The other end of the photoresistor 2GR1 is connected with one end of the photoresistor 2GR2, the other end of the photoresistor 2GR2 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 2C2 and the two anodes of the light-emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2, and the two anodes of the two ends of the photoresistor 2GR2 are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The cathode of the light emitting diode 2LED1 is connected with one end of the resistor 2R1, and the other end of the resistor 2R1 is used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) to the outside_i1) The cathode of the light emitting diode 2LED2 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD2, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD2 is used as a second trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) to the outside_i2) (ii) a Or replacing the voltage dependent resistor 2YR1 with a zener diode having its cathode connected to the push-up driving output (V)_DT) The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a high-order photoelectric control end (V)_C1) Or a fixed value resistor or a piezoresistor is respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the starting capacitor 2C 2;

or all electronic components included in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) are cancelled, all electronic components included in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) and circuit connection modes of the electronic components are kept unchanged, two ends of the photoresistor 2GR3 or the starting capacitor 2C3 are used as input ends and are respectively connected with two control output ends of an external circuit, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) is directly controlled to drive an actuator to work.

2. The technical measure of the preferred embodiment 2 of the runaway-proof safety drive circuit HAKM is shown in the attached figure 3: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 3WD2, a resistor 3R1, a voltage dependent resistor 3YR1, light dependent resistors 3GR1 and 3GR2 and a starting capacitor 3C2, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises triodes 3VT1 to 3VT4 or field effect transistors and a diode 3D13D4, a voltage stabilizing diode 3WD1, resistors 3R2 and 3R5, a voltage dependent resistor 3YR2, a photosensitive resistor 3GR3, a starting capacitor 3C3 and an electrolytic capacitor 3C 1; one end of two emitters of triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4 in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) is connected with a voltage dependent resistor 3YR2 and is used as an alternating current power supply input end (V)_S1) The emitters of the transistors 3VT2 and 3VT3 are connected with the other end of the voltage dependent resistor 3YR2 and one end of the resistor 3R5 to be used as alternating current input ends (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 3R5 is used as an input end (V) of an alternating current power supply_S2) The connection point of the two collectors of the triodes 3VT1 and 3VT2 and one end of the voltage dependent resistor 3YR1 connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD1 and the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor 3C1 is used as the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The connection point of two collectors of the triodes 3VT3 and 3VT4 connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD1 and the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor 3C1 is used as the pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) The base of the triode 3VT1 is connected with the anode of the diode 3D1, the base of the triode 3VT2 is connected with the anode of the diode 3D2, the base of the triode 3VT3 is connected with the cathode of the diode 3D3, the base of the triode 3VT4 is connected with the cathode of the diode 3D4, the cathodes of the diodes 3D1 and 3D2 are connected with one end of a resistor 3R2, the other end of the resistor 3R2 is connected with one end of a photosensitive resistor 3GR3 and one end of a starting capacitor 3C3, and the other ends of the photosensitive resistor 3GR3 and the starting capacitor 3C3 are connected with the anodes of the diodes 3D3 and 3D 4; one end of the piezoresistor 3YR1 in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with an upper push driving output end (V)_DT) The other end of the piezoresistor 3YR1 is connected with the photoresistor 3GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 3C2, and the other end is used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C1) The other end of the photoresistor 3GR1 is connected with one end of the photoresistor 3GR2, the other end of the photoresistor 3GR2 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 3C2 and the two anodes of the light-emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2, and the two anodes of the two ends of the photoresistor 3GR2 are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The cathode of the light emitting diode 3LED1 is connected with one end of the resistor 3R1, and the other end of the resistor 3R1 is used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_i1) The cathode of the light emitting diode 3LED2 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD2, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD2 is used as the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) to the outsideSecond trigger input (V)_i2) (ii) a Or replacing the voltage dependent resistor 3YR1 with a zener diode, the cathode of which is connected to the push-up driving output terminal (V)_DT) The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a high-order photoelectric control end (V)_C1) Or a fixed value resistor or a piezoresistor is respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the starting capacitor 3C 2;

or all electronic components included in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) are cancelled, all electronic components included in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) and circuit connection modes of the electronic components are kept unchanged, two ends of the photoresistor 3GR3 or the starting capacitor 3C3 are used as input ends and are respectively connected with two control output ends of an external circuit, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) is directly controlled to drive an actuator to work.

3. The technical measure of the preferred embodiment 3 of the runaway-proof safety drive circuit HAKM is shown in the attached figure 4: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3, a resistor 4R1, an adjustable resistor 4RT, a photosensitive resistor 4GR1 and a starting capacitor 4C2, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises diodes 4D1 and 4D2, a voltage stabilizing diode 4WD1, an electrolytic capacitor 4C1, starting capacitors 4C5 and 4C6, photosensitive unidirectional thyristors 4GD1 and 4GD2, a resistor 4R5 and a piezoresistor 4YR 2; the positive electrode of a photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD1 and the negative electrode of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD2 in the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8) are connected with the starting capacitors 4C5 and 4C6 and one end of a piezoresistor 4YR2 are used as the input end of an alternating current power supply (V)_S1) The anode of the diode 4D1 and the cathode of the diode 4D2 are both connected with the other end of the piezoresistor 4YR2 and one end of the resistor 4R5 to be used as alternating current input ends (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 4R5 is used as an input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S2) The negative electrode of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD1, the negative electrode of the diode 4D1 and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD1 are connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor 4C1 and the connecting point of the other end of the starting capacitor 4C6 to be used as a push-up driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The positive pole of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD2, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD1 and the positive pole of the diode 4D2 are connected with the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor 4C1 and the connection point of the other end of the starting capacitor 4C5 to be used as a pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) (ii) a Making a businessInput end of flow power supply (V)_S1) The end a of the external sensor is connected, and the end e of the external sensor is connected with the N of the low-voltage alternating-current power supply₂A pole; or the adjustable resistor 4RT is replaced by an external sensor, and the a end of the external sensor is connected with the connection point (V) of the resistor 4R1 and the adjustable resistor 4RT_i1) The e end of the external sensor is connected with a pull-down driving output end (V)_DL) (ii) a The negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3 in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with the upper push driving output end (V)_DT) The positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3 is connected with the positive electrode of the light emitting diode 4LED1, the negative electrode of the light emitting diode 4LED1 is connected with the positive electrode of the light emitting diode 4LED2, the negative electrode of the light emitting diode 4LED2 is connected with the photoresistor 4GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 4C2, and the ends are used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) from outside_C1) The other end of the photosensitive resistor 4GR1 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 4C2 and one end of the resistor 4R1, and the other end and the one end of the resistor are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The other end of the resistor 4R1 is connected with one end of the adjustable resistor 4RT to be used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_i1) One end of the adjustable resistor 4RT is connected with a pull-down driving output end (V)_DL) (ii) a Or the voltage-dependent resistor is used to replace the voltage regulator diode 4WD3, or a constant value resistor or a voltage regulator diode is respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the starting capacitor 4C2, the cathode of the voltage regulator diode is connected with the cathode of the light emitting diode 4LED2, and the anode of the voltage regulator diode is connected with the low-level photoelectric control end (V)_C2)；

Or all electronic components included in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) are cancelled, the photosensitive unidirectional thyristors 4GD1 and 4GD2 are replaced by rectifier diodes, the connection directions before and after replacement are the same, and the connection modes of the rest electronic components and the circuits in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) are kept unchanged.

4. The technical measure of the preferred embodiment 4 of the runaway-proof safety drive circuit HAKM is shown in the attached fig. 5: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 5WD2, a resistor 5R1, a voltage dependent resistor 5YR1, photoresistors 5GR1 and 5GR2, a starting capacitor 5C2 and a light emitting diode in a photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises diodes 5D1 and 5D2 and a voltage stabilizing diodeA pole tube 5WD1, an electrolytic capacitor 5C1, starting capacitors 5C5 and 5C6, a photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD or a photosensitive diode, a photosensitive diode or a photosensitive unidirectional thyristor in a photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, a resistor 5R5 and a piezoresistor 5YR 2; the positive electrode of a diode 5D1 and the negative electrode of a diode 5D2 in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) are connected with one end of a piezoresistor 5YR2 to be used as an alternating current power supply input end (V)_S1) In the photocoupler 5GDH1, the positive electrode of the photosensitive diode and the negative electrode of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD are connected with one end of a starting capacitor 5C5, 5C6 and a resistor 5R5 and the other end of a piezoresistor 5YR2 to be used as an alternating current input end (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 5R5 is used as an input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S2) The negative electrode of a photosensitive diode, the negative electrode of a diode 5D1 and the negative electrode of a voltage stabilizing diode 5WD1 in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are connected with the positive electrode of an electrolytic capacitor 5C1 and the connecting point of the other end of a starting capacitor 5C6 to be used as a push-up driving output end (V) of a light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The positive pole of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD, the positive pole of the diode 5D2 and the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode 5WD1 are connected with the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor 5C1 and the connection point of the other end of the starting capacitor 5C5 to be used as a pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) (ii) a One end of the piezoresistor 5YR1 is connected with a push-up driving output end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_DT) The other end of the piezoresistor 5YR1 is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, the cathode of the light emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 is connected with the photoresistor 5GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 5C2, and the two ends are used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) from outside_C1) The other end of the photoresistor 5GR1 is connected with one end of the photoresistor 5GR2, the other end of the photoresistor 5GR2 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 5C2 and the two anodes of the light-emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2, and the two anodes of the two ends of the photoresistor 5GR2 are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The cathode of the light emitting diode 5LED1 is connected with one end of the resistor 5R1, and the other end of the resistor 5R1 is used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) to the outside_i1) The cathode of the light emitting diode 5LED2 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode 5WD2, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 5WD2 is used as a second trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) to the outside_i2) (ii) a Or by zener diodesReplacing the piezoresistor 5YR1, the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the push-up driving output end (V)_DT) The positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the positive electrode of a light emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, or two ends of the starting capacitor 5C2 are respectively connected with a constant value resistor or a piezoresistor in parallel;

or all electronic components included in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) are eliminated, the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD and the photosensitive diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are replaced by the rectifier diode, the connection directions before and after replacement are the same, and two ends of an external sensor signal are connected in series with the input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S1) And N of low-voltage AC power supply₂And the other electronic components in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) and the circuit connection mode thereof are kept unchanged between the poles.

Secondly, the loss control preventing safety drive circuit HAKM is used as a core device or a core circuit module, and then a real safety protection leakage protector is invented or designed, wherein a practical circuit of the 1 st embodiment is shown in the attached figure 6 in detail, and the figure comprises a zero sequence current transformer H, an execution circuit and an alternating current power supply overvoltage protection and voltage reduction circuit, and is technically characterized in that: the device also comprises a core device HAKM and a sensitivity and bottom-preserving setting circuit; the zero sequence current transformer H consists of a primary coil n₁And n₂And a secondary coil n₃The actuating circuit comprises a starting button QD and a relay J, the relay J comprises a coil sleeve iron core and two groups of normally open contacts, the alternating current power supply overvoltage protection and voltage reduction circuit comprises a voltage dependent resistor YR, resistors R6 and R7, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, a fuse RD and a voltage reduction capacitor C9, the sensitivity and bottom protection setting circuit comprises a capacitor C8, resistors R8, R9 and R10, the core device HAKM adopts an anti-runaway must-safety driving circuit HAKM shown in the attached figure 1 and comprises the attached figures 2 to 5 and a circuit which is equivalent to the attached figures in function; the circuit connection mode is as follows: the primary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H₁And n₂A parallel winding and a secondary winding n₃Single winding on the same electromagnet core and its primary winding n₁Connected in series to an AC load line L₁And L₂Primary winding n₂Connected in series to an AC load line N₁And N₂Secondary winding n₃The terminal a of (a) is connected with one terminal of the resistor R8 and the secondary coil n₃Is connected with one end of a resistor R9 and one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R8 and one end of a capacitor C8 are connected with a first trigger input end (V) of a core device HAKM_i1) The other end of the resistor R9 and the other end of the capacitor C8 are both connected with a second trigger input end (V) of the core device HAKM_i2) The other end of the resistor R10 is connected with a pull-down driving output end (V) of a core device HAKM_DL) The alternating current power supply input end (V) of the core device HAKM_S1) Connecting AC load line N₂And one end of the piezoresistor YR, and an alternating current power supply input end (V) of the core device HAKM_S2) One end of a voltage reduction capacitor C9 and one end of a resistor R6 are connected, the other ends of the voltage reduction capacitor C9 and the resistor R6 are connected with the other end of a piezoresistor YR and one end of a resistor R7, a fuse RD is connected between the other end of a resistor R7 and one end of a positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC in series, and the other end of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC is connected with an alternating current load line L₂In the relay J, two ends of the coil are separately bridged on the push-up driving output end (V) of the core device HAKM_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The dead point of a group of normally open contacts in the relay J is connected with an alternating current power line L, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line L₁The dead point of another group of normally open contacts in the relay J is connected with an alternating current power line N, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line N₁Manually pressing the start button QD to make the AC power line L and the AC load line L₁Is turned on while the AC power line N and the AC load line N are connected₁Is also switched on.

Thirdly, the loss control preventing safety drive circuit HAKM is used as a core device or a core circuit module, and then a real safety protection leakage protector is invented or designed, wherein a 2 nd practical circuit of the loss control preventing safety drive circuit is shown in the detailed drawing in fig. 7, and the loss control preventing safety drive circuit comprises a zero sequence current transformer H1, an execution circuit, an alternating current power supply overvoltage protection and voltage reduction circuit, and is characterized in that: the device also comprises a core device HAKM, a sensitivity and bottom-preserving setting circuit and a connection mode thereof; the zero sequence current transformer H1 is composed of a primary coil n₁And n₂And a secondary coil n₃The actuating circuit comprises a starting button QD and a relay J1, the relay J1 comprises a coil sleeve iron core and two groups of normally open contacts, the alternating current power supply overvoltage protection and voltage reduction circuit comprises a piezoresistor YR1, resistors R16 and R17, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, a fuse RD and a voltage reduction capacitor C19, the sensitivity and bottom protection setting circuit comprises a capacitor C18, resistors R18 and R19, the core device HAKM is an anti-runaway must-safety driving circuit HAKM shown in the attached figure 1 and comprises the attached figures 2 to 5 and a circuit which is equivalent to the attached figures in function; the circuit connection mode is as follows: the primary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H1₁And n₂A parallel winding and a secondary winding n₃Single winding on the same electromagnet core and its primary winding n₁Connected in series to an AC load line L₁And L₂Primary winding n₂Connected in series to an AC load line N₁And N₂Secondary winding n₃The terminal a of (a) is connected with one terminal of the resistor R18 and the secondary coil n₃Is connected with one end of the capacitor C18 and the AC load line N₂The other ends of the resistor R18 and the capacitor C18 are connected with the alternating current power supply input end (V) of the core device HAKM_S1) One end of a piezoresistor YR1, the other end of the piezoresistor YR1 and one end of a resistor R17 are connected with one ends of a voltage-reducing capacitor C19 and a resistor R16, and the other ends of the voltage-reducing capacitor C19 and the resistor R16 are connected with an alternating current power supply input end (V) of a core device HAKM_S2) A fuse RD is connected between the other end of the resistor R17 and one end of the PTC thermistor PTC, and the other end of the PTC thermistor PTC is connected with an AC load line L₂One end of the resistor R19 is connected with a first trigger input end (V) of the HAKM_i1) The other end of the resistor R19 is connected with a second trigger input end (V) of the HAKM_i2) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) Two ends of the coil in the relay J1 are separately bridged on the push-up driving output end (V) of the core device HAKM_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The dead point of a group of normally open contacts in the relay J1 is connected with an alternating current power line L, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line L₁Another group in the relay J1The dead point of the normally open contact is connected with an alternating current power line N, and the moving point of the normally open contact is connected with an alternating current load line N₁Manually pressing the start button QD to make the AC power line L and the AC load line L₁Is turned on while the AC power line N and the AC load line N are connected₁Is also switched on.

The basic principle of the anti-runaway must-safe driving circuit HAKM functional structure (see the attached figure 1) is as follows:

at the input end (V) of the AC power supply of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_S1) And an AC power supply input terminal (V)_S2) A low-voltage alternating current power supply is input between the two, the light-operated starting capacitor in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) starts the rectifier bridge to rectify and then filter and stabilize the voltage, and the voltage is pushed up to the driving output end (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The positive input end of the power supply of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is driven by the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) After a direct current power supply is obtained, the photoelectric feedback circuit in the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) is started to work, the emitted light (G) controls a photosensitive device in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) to be switched on and locks a rectifier bridge to continuously rectify, and the output end (V) of the push-up driving is enabled to be driven_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) Continuously outputting a power source to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to normally work; at a first trigger input terminal (V) of a photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_i1) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V) of the light-operated bridge driving circuit (8)_DL) The sensor externally connected with the sensor is continuously connected with the luminous current of the photoelectric feedback touch circuit in the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6); at a second trigger input terminal (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_i2) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V) of the light-operated bridge driving circuit (8)_DL) The external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit is continuously connected with the luminous current of the photoelectric feedback bottom-protecting circuit in the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6); when the luminous current of the touch circuit is balanced with that of the bottom protection circuit, the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) can continuously emit light (G) to the photosensitive device in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) to control the photosensitive device in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) to be switched on and lock the rectifier bridge for continuous rectification. At this time, the process of the present invention,if the first trigger input (V)_i1) Or a second trigger input (Y)_i2) When a weak trigger signal is input, the balance of luminous currents of the two can be damaged, internal photoelectric feedback interlocking occurs, the photosensitive device blocks the luminous current, the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) cannot emit light, and then the photosensitive device in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) immediately cuts off the rectifying current of the rectifying bridge, so that the output end (V) of the push-up driving is driven to be pushed up_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) When the direct current driving voltage disappears, the external execution circuit (such as a relay) is forced to stop working. If the first trigger input (V)_i1) The input signal amplitude is very strong (exceeding V)_DT1/2), the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) can be controlled in a mode of photoelectric feedback interlocking triggering in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) without adopting a direct control mode, and a high-position photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is controlled in a direct control mode_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) And a resistor, a piezoresistor or a voltage stabilizing device is connected in series between the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit and the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit, so that a light emitting device in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) directly emits light, and the photosensitive device in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) is controlled to be switched on and locks the rectifier bridge for continuous rectification. Or the high and low levels output by the external circuit are connected with the two ends of the photosensitive device in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8), so that the external circuit directly controls the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) to drive the actuator to work.

The operation principles of the circuits of the preferred embodiments 1 to 4 (see fig. 2 to 5 for details) are the same and different, and see the detailed description of the "detailed description of the preferred embodiments". Because the number of pages in the specification is limited, the description cannot be repeated.

The circuit working principle of the 1 st practical circuit (see the attached figure 6 in detail) of the true security and protection leakage protector is as follows:

1. the starting working principle is as follows: after the start button QD is pressed, two groups of normally open contacts of the relay J connect the AC power supply from the power grid on the AC power lines L and N to the AC load line L₁And N₁Then passes through a primary coil n of a zero sequence current transformer H₁、n₂To an ac load line L₂And N₂Upper, AC load line L₂The AC power supply is warmedAfter the temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, the fuse RD, the resistor R7 and the voltage reduction capacitor C9 are reduced in voltage, the alternating current load line L₅Input to the AC power input terminal (V) of the core device HAKM_S2) AC load line N₂The AC power supply is directly input to the AC power supply input end (V) of the HAKM core device_S1) The voltage dependent resistor YR is bridged on the AC load line N₂And the power supply side of the voltage reduction capacitor C9 is favorable for absorbing interference pulses of an alternating current power transmission network and giving consideration to overvoltage protection, and after the core device HAKM obtains an alternating current power supply, the core device HAKM pushes up a driving output end (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The external relay J coil obtains the driving voltage source which is continuously output and is attracted, and the two pairs of normally open contacts of the relay J are the alternating current load lines L₁And N₁Continuously connecting the AC power supply from the power grid to make the AC load line L₂And N₂And continuously as two AC input ends (V) of HAKM core device_S1、V_S2) The AC power supply after voltage reduction is input, so that the whole circuit of the anti-leakage protector is self-locked in a standby state of normal power-on work, and the AC power supply from a power grid is stably transmitted to a controlled load or an electric appliance.

2. Normal transmission principle: in the standby state, if the controlled AC load works normally, no electric leakage or electric shock occurs, and the zero sequence current transformer H passes through a primary coil n₁、n₂The alternating currents in the zero sequence current transformer H are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the magnetic flux induced in the iron core of the zero sequence current transformer H is offset to zero, so that the secondary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H is arranged₃No ac current or voltage signal is generated across it, at which time the first trigger input (V) of the core device hazm_i1) Via a resistor R8 and a secondary coil n₃And a resistor R10 for connecting the light-emitting current of the internal touch circuit and a second trigger input terminal (V) of the core device HAKM_i2) The luminous current of the internal bottom protection circuit is connected through the resistors R9 and R10, when the luminous current of the touch circuit in the core device HAKM is balanced with the luminous current of the bottom protection circuit, the emitted light (G) can control the continuous rectification of the optical control rectifier bridge in the core device HAKM, the driving voltage source is continuously output, and the J coil of the external relay is connectedAnd (4) electric actuation, wherein two pairs of normally open contacts are closed and locked in a standby state for power transmission. Therefore, the secondary coil n of the core device HAKM of the zero-sequence current transformer H can not be opened in the standby state₃And the resistors R8, R9 and R10 are necessary external conditions for the light emitting diode in the core device HAKM to switch on the light emitting current.

3. The principle of electric leakage protection: if the controlled AC load generates electric leakage or electric shock, the primary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H₁、n₂Residual current (through unbalanced alternating current) is generated in the zero sequence current transformer, and the residual current generates induced magnetic flux in the iron core of the zero sequence current transformer H, so that the secondary coil n₃Generates an induced ac current or voltage signal at the secondary winding n₃When the terminal a is positive, the capacitor C8 is charged through the resistor R8, so that the first trigger input terminal (V) of the core device HAKM is enabled_i1) Increase in potential, V_i1When the electric potential rises to a certain extent, the photoelectric feedback in the HAKM core device can be triggered to generate interlocking and non-luminescence, the internal light-operated rectifier bridge is controlled to stop rectification, the driving voltage source disappears, the external J coil of the relay is released without electricity, the two pairs of normally open contacts of the external J coil are ensured to cut off the alternating current power supply and maintain the power-off state all the time, and the power cannot be restored artificially, so that the normal safety protection is obtained for electric leakage or electric shock, the danger is avoided for power consumers, and the life of the power consumers is ensured to be safe.

4. The principle of preventing runaway: because the relay J actuation circular telegram relies on the inside light-operated rectifier bridge rectification of core device HAKM and output drive voltage to maintain, and drive voltage relies on the inside light-operated of core device HAKM to maintain, and inside light-operated relies on the inside and outside luminous current route of core device HAKM to unblocked to maintain, can know from this: if all maintenance processes or any one link is blocked or interrupted, the relay J is released to be powered off as a result, which is a unique principle and method for preventing various faults from being out of control and losing efficacy and ensuring that the safety protection control function is certainly effective.

5. The safety protection principle is as follows: in accordance with the principle of preventing runaway, it is foreseen that: if two input ends (V) of the HAKM core device are connected_i1、V_i2) R8, R9, R10 and zero sequence current transformer H secondary coil n₃When an open circuit occurs at any place, no light is maintained in a core device HAKM, and finally the relay J is in power-off protection safety; if two input ends (V) of core device HAKM_i1、V_i2) Or a short circuit occurs at two ends of a capacitor C8, or a secondary coil n of a zero-sequence current transformer H₃The two ends of the relay are short-circuited, so that the internal bottom-preserving luminescence of a core device HAKM is unbalanced, photoelectric feedback interlocking is triggered, so that luminescence cannot be maintained, and finally, the relay J is in power-off protection safety; if two AC input ends (V) of core device HAKM_S1、V_S2) Push-between and push-up drive output (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The occurrence of short circuit or open circuit at any place between the two leads to the fact that the relay J is necessarily powered off and protected safely; if any one of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, the fuse RD, the resistor R7 and the voltage reduction capacitor C9 has an open circuit fault, the relay J is caused to be safe in power-off protection; if the piezoresistor YR or the resistor R6 is in open circuit, the power failure is not caused, but the runaway failure is not caused, if the piezoresistor YR is in short circuit, the voltage loss of the voltage reduction capacitor C9 is inevitably caused to ensure the power failure protection safety, and if the resistor R6 and the voltage reduction capacitor C9 are inevitably caused to cause the overvoltage protection in the core device HAKM to be in power failure, the safety is ensured.

6. The principle of overheat protection: if the overvoltage and voltage reduction circuit is short-circuited, the fuse RD can be fused through the overheat of large current, so the technical scheme of the figure 6 also has the function of short-circuit prevention protection. If the contact resistance of the connecting terminal or the pin or the jack on the AC power supply side and/or the AC load side is too large, the large heat is generated when the large current passes, the temperature rise is too high, the resistance value of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC5 is increased rapidly to the equivalent insulation resistance, the AC power supply of the voltage reduction circuit is blocked, and the two AC input ends (V) of the core device HAKM are connected with the AC power supply through the voltage reduction circuit_S1、V_S2) When the AC power supply is lost, the relay J is forced to cut off the AC load line L₂And N₂The technical scheme of fig. 6 also has the function of self-overheating prevention protection, so that the danger of fire caused by thermal control failure is avoided.

It can be seen that, in the technical scheme of fig. 6, because the safety-protection driving circuit HAKM is used as a core device, not only can the safety protection control be performed on the electric leakage or electric shock of the controlled load during normal operation, but also various failures can be completely and truly prevented from being out of control when various abnormal failures occur or the controlled load is extremely overheated, so that the safety protection control function can be ensured to be certainly effective, the relay is forced to effectively cut off the alternating current power supply of the controlled load, the power consumer can avoid dangers, and the life of the power consumer can be ensured to be certainly safe. Therefore, the technical scheme of fig. 6 is a true security leakage protector.

The circuit working principle of the 2 nd practical circuit (see the attached figure 7 in detail) of the real security and protection leakage protector is the same as or different from that of the 1 st practical circuit of the real security and protection leakage protector, and the detailed description is given in the detailed description of the specific implementation mode. Because the number of the specification is limited, the specification cannot be repeated.

Therefore, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the invention adopts an anti-runaway must ampere driving circuit HAKM as the core device of the true security protection earth leakage protector, so that the invention not only can carry out safety protection control on the electric leakage or electric shock of the controlled load during normal work, but also can completely and truly prevent runaway of various faults of the controlled load when various abnormal faults occur or the controlled load is extremely overheated, can ensure that the safety protection control function is certainly effective, force the relay to certainly and effectively cut off the alternating current power supply of the controlled load, lead the electric consumers to avoid danger and ensure the life of the electric consumers to be certainly safe. Therefore, the invention is a runaway-proof must-safe driving circuit and a true security electric leakage protector.

The invention adopts photoelectric devices to form a transparent, simple and ingenious photoelectric feedback interlocking touch control circuit to detect leakage signals and a light-controlled rectifier bridge type driving circuit to drive a relay, and has the unique principle that the photoelectric signals are smoothly kept electrified, and the leakage signals are used for blocking the smooth photoelectric communication to carry out power-off protection, so that the photoelectric feedback interlocking touch control circuit is just suitable for blocking the smooth photoelectric communication to cause power-off when any abnormal open circuit or short circuit fault occurs in the photoelectric touch control driving circuit system, and can completely prevent various faults from being out of control and losing efficacy only by a single-stage photoelectric control driving system, and the problems are thoroughly solved. Therefore, it is explicitly foreseen that: the invention can ensure that the safety effect reaches extremely high requirements, can completely and truly prevent various faults from being out of control, prevent the leakage protection function from being invalid, thoroughly eliminate fatal hidden dangers, never generate false safety state, perfect and realize the safety protection control function which is certainly effective, and truly ensure the life of the user to be surely safe. The invention has extremely high safety effect, important life-saving value and social benefit, and can promote the upgrading of the national technical standard in the technical field beyond the international standard.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an anti-runaway HAKM circuit;

FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment 1 of a loss-control-prevention HAKM circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment 2 of an anti-runaway intrinsically safe driving circuit HAKM according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment 3 of an anti-runaway intrinsically safe driving circuit HAKM according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment 4 of a loss-control-prevention HAKM driver circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a practical circuit of an embodiment 1 of a true security leakage protector invented by using the circuit of FIG. 1 as a core device;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a practical circuit of an embodiment 2 of a true security earth leakage protector invented by using the circuit of fig. 1 as a core device.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the detailed description of the technical scheme used in the attached figure 1:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an anti-runaway SAF driver HAKM according to the present invention, in which HAKM is a symbol or mark of the anti-runaway SAF driver, and HAKM is a true SAF driverThe functional frame structure of the special core device or the core circuit module designed by the anti-creeping protector comprises a photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) and a light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8); a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_i1) A second trigger input end (V) for connecting and detecting the output signal of the peripheral sensor and the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_i2) A high-order photoelectric control end (V) for peripherally arranging a bottom-protecting limit and a photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) Adapted to the first trigger input (V) when a resistor or a varistor or a voltage-stabilizing device is connected in series between_i1) The input signal amplitude is very strong, and the high-order photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) Is adapted to the first trigger input (V) when idle_i1) The input signal amplitude is very weak, light (G) emitted by the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) irradiates a photosensitive device of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8) and is used for controlling the power-on or power-off of a controlled rectifier bridge in the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8), and the positive power input end of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) (ii) a A pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) And a push-up drive output (V)_DT) The external actuator can be connected between the light-operated bridge type driving circuit and the controlled electrical appliance to control the work of the controlled electrical appliance, and the alternating current power supply input end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_S1) N for connecting or inputting low-voltage AC power supply₂Input terminal (V) of AC power supply for an optically controlled bridge driver circuit (8)_S2) L for connecting or inputting low-voltage AC power supply₅A pole;

The basic operating principle of fig. 1 is as follows:

at the AC power input of the optically controlled bridge driver circuit (8) ((V_S1) And an AC power supply input terminal (V)_S2) A low-voltage alternating current power supply is input between the two, the light-operated starting capacitor in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) starts the rectifier bridge to rectify and then filter and stabilize the voltage, and the voltage is pushed up to the driving output end (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The positive input end of the power supply of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is driven by the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) After a direct current power supply is obtained, the photoelectric feedback circuit in the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) is started to work, the emitted light (G) controls a photosensitive device in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) to be switched on and locks a rectifier bridge to continuously rectify, and the output end (V) of the push-up driving is enabled to be driven_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) Continuously outputting a power source to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to normally work; at a first trigger input terminal (V) of a photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_i1) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V) of the light-operated bridge driving circuit (8)_DL) The sensor externally connected with the sensor is continuously connected with the luminous current of the photoelectric feedback touch circuit in the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6); at a second trigger input terminal (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_i2) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V) of the light-operated bridge driving circuit (8)_DL) The external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit is continuously connected with the luminous current of the photoelectric feedback bottom-protecting circuit in the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6); when the luminous current of the touch circuit is balanced with that of the bottom protection circuit, the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) can continuously emit light (G) to the photosensitive device in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) to control the photosensitive device in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) to be switched on and lock the rectifier bridge for continuous rectification. At this time, if the first trigger input terminal (V)_i1) Or a second trigger input (V)_i2) When a weak trigger signal is input, the balance of luminous currents of the two can be damaged, internal photoelectric feedback interlocking occurs, the photosensitive device blocks the luminous current, the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) cannot emit light, and then the photosensitive device in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) immediately cuts off the rectifying current of the rectifying bridge, so that the output end (V) of the push-up driving is driven to be pushed up_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) Between the DC driving voltage disappears and forcesThe external execution circuit (such as a relay) stops working. If the first trigger input (V)_i1) The input signal amplitude is very strong (exceeding V)_DT1/2), the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) can be controlled in a mode of photoelectric feedback interlocking triggering in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) without adopting a direct control mode, and a high-position photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is controlled in a direct control mode_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) And a resistor, a piezoresistor or a voltage stabilizing device is connected in series between the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit and the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit, so that a light emitting device in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) directly emits light, and the photosensitive device in the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) is controlled to be switched on and locks the rectifier bridge for continuous rectification. Or the high and low levels output by the external circuit are connected with the two ends of the photosensitive device in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8), so that the external circuit directly controls the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) to drive the actuator to work.

Second, the detailed description of the technical scheme used in the attached FIG. 2:

fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment 1 of the loss-control-prevention HAKM driver circuit, in which: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 2WD2, a resistor 2R1, a voltage dependent resistor 2YR1, photoresistors 2GR1 and 2GR2 and a starting capacitor 2C2, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 to 2DK4, diodes 2D1 to 2D6, a voltage stabilizing diode 2WD1, resistors 2R2, 2R3 and 2R5, a voltage dependent resistor 2YR2, a photoresistor 2GR3, a starting capacitor 2C3 and an electrolytic capacitor 2C 1; the anode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier 2DK1 and the cathode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier 2DK4 in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) are connected with the anode of the diode 2D5 and one end of the piezoresistor 2YR2 to be used as the input end of an alternating current power supply (V)_S1) The anode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK2 and the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK3 are connected with the anode of the diode 2D6, the other end of the piezoresistor 2YR2 and one end of the resistor 2R5 to be used as alternating current input ends (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 2R5 is used as an input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S2) The connection point of the two cathodes of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 and 2DK2 connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD1 and the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor 2C1 is used as the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The two anodes of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK3 and 2DK4 are connected with a voltage stabilizing deviceThe connection point of the anode of the diode 2WD1 and the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor 2C1 is used as a pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) The control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK1 is connected with the negative electrode of a diode 2D1, the control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK2 is connected with the negative electrode of a diode 2D2, the control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK3 is connected with the negative electrode of a diode 2D3, the control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK4 is connected with the negative electrode of a diode 2D4, the two positive electrodes of the diodes 2D3 and 2D4 are connected with one end of a resistor 2R3, the other end of the resistor 2R3 is connected with the resistors 2R2, a photoresistor 2GR3 and one end of a starting capacitor 2C3, the other end of the resistor 2R2 is connected with the two positive electrodes of the diodes 2D1 and 2D2, and the other end of the photoresistor 2GR3 and the other end of the starting capacitor 2C3 are connected with the two negative; one end of the piezoresistor 2YR1 in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with an upper push driving output end (V)_DT) The other end of the piezoresistor 2YR1 is connected with the photoresistor 2GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 2C2, and the other end is used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C1) The other end of the photoresistor 2GR1 is connected with one end of the photoresistor 2GR2, the other end of the photoresistor 2GR2 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 2C2 and the two anodes of the light-emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2, and the two anodes of the two ends of the photoresistor 2GR2 are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The cathode of the light emitting diode 2LED1 is connected with one end of the resistor 2R1, and the other end of the resistor 2R1 is used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) to the outside_i1) The cathode of the light emitting diode 2LED2 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD2, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD2 is used as a second trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) to the outside_i2) (ii) a Or replacing the voltage dependent resistor 2YR1 with a zener diode having its cathode connected to the push-up driving output (V)_DT) The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a high-order photoelectric control end (V)_C1) Or a fixed value resistor or a piezoresistor is respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the starting capacitor 2C 2;

The circuit of fig. 2 operates as follows:

1. the normal working principle is as follows: at the input end (V) of the AC power supply of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_S1) And an AC power supply input terminal (V)_S2) When a low-voltage AC power supply is input between the input end and the input end (V)_S1) When the alternating current power supply is in the positive half cycle, after the alternating current voltage passes through the diode 2D5 and the starting capacitor 2C3, one path of the alternating current voltage passes through the resistor 2R2 and the diode 2D1 to trigger the control electrode of the one-way thyristor 2DK1, the other path of the alternating current voltage passes through the resistor 2R3 and the diode 2D3 to trigger the control electrode of the one-way thyristor 2DK3, so that the one-way thyristors 2DK1 and 2DK3 are both switched on, and the one-way thyristors 2DK2 and 2DK4 are both switched off due to the bearing of reverse voltage; when the input end of the alternating current power supply (V)_S2) When the alternating current power supply is in the positive half cycle, after the alternating current voltage passes through the resistor 2R5, the diode 2D6 and the starting capacitor 2C3, one path of the alternating current voltage passes through the resistor 2R2 and the diode 2D2 to trigger the control electrode of the one-way thyristor 2DK2, the other path of the alternating current voltage passes through the resistor 2R3 and the diode 2D4 to trigger the control electrode of the one-way thyristor 2DK4, so that the one-way thyristors 2DK2 and 2DK4 are both switched on, and the one-way thyristors 2DK1 and 2DK3 are both switched off due to the bearing of reverse voltage; the on or off of the one-way thyristors 2DK1 and 2DK3 and the off or on of the one-way thyristors 2DK2 and 2DK4 alternate with the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle of the AC power supply, and are equivalent to a rectifier bridge consisting of four diodes for rectifying the AC power supply, so that the output end (V) is pushed up to drive_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) And then the direct current voltage is established, and after the direct current voltage is filtered by the electrolytic capacitor 2C1 and regulated by the voltage-regulating diode 2WD1, an external execution circuit (such as a relay) can be stably driven to work normally. At this time, the varistor 2YR1 is also connected from the positive electrode (V) of the electrolytic capacitor 2C1_DTEnd) obtains direct current power supply, when power is on, the starting capacitor 2C2 starts power on for the two anodes of the light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2, when the light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 emit light, the impedances of the light sensitive resistors 2GR1 and 2GR2 are changed from large to small, the light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 can be continuously powered on to emit light, the light sensitive resistors 2GR1 and 2GR2 maintain small impedance, and the impedance is continuously kept to be smallThe light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 are electrified to emit light, so that the light emitting diodes 2LED1 can be continuously electrified to emit light, and the first trigger input end (V) is also relied on_i1) To pull-down drive output terminal (V)_DL) The sensor externally connected with the sensor is continuously connected with the luminous current; the second trigger input (V) is relied upon to allow the LED 2LED2 to be continuously energized to emit light_i2) To pull-down drive output terminal (V)_DL) The bottom-protecting limit setting circuit externally connected between the two circuits is continuously connected with the luminous current; keep emitting diode 2LED1 and 2LED2 balanced luminous simultaneously, just can maintain emitting diode 2LED1 and continuously give out light to photo resistor 2GR3, photo resistor 2GR3 continuously receives illumination, just can maintain continuous low impedance, switch on for unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier 2DK1 and 2DK 3's while, or switch on for unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier 2DK2 and 2DK 4's while, continuously switch on trigger current, make unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier 2DK 1-2 DK4 be equivalent to the rectifier bridge who comprises four diodes and carry out continuous rectification work to AC power supply, let push up drive output (V DK 3) and make up_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The power source is continuously output to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to work normally. At this time, if the external sensor has a relatively weak trigger signal inputted to the first trigger input terminal (V)_i1) The current of the light-emitting diode 2LED1 is weakened, the light-emitting weakening causes the impedance of the photoresistor 2GR1 to increase, the current and the light-emitting of the light-emitting diode 2LED1 are weakened, the impedance of the photoresistor 2GR1 is further increased, the photoelectric feedback effect is achieved, meanwhile, the light-emitting diode 2LED2 and the photoresistor 2GR2 are driven to generate the same photoelectric feedback effect, the mutual increase enables the light-emitting diode 2LED1 and the light-emitting diode 2LED2 not to emit light, the photoresistor 2GR3 loses the illumination to block the trigger current, the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 and 2DK4 are controlled to be completely cut off, and the push-up driving output end (V is driven to be pushed up (_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) When the direct current driving voltage disappears, the external execution circuit (such as a relay) is forced to stop working. If the second trigger input terminal (V)_i2) The external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit is short-circuited or open-circuited, the light-emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 are triggered to generate mutual photoelectric feedback action between the photoresistors 2GR1 and 2GR2, and the result and the triggering of the first triggering input end (V)_i1) Cause toThe effect is the same. If the external circuit is coupled to the first trigger input terminal (V)_i1) Has a strong input signal amplitude (exceeding V)_DT1/2), the photoelectric feedback touch control function can be cancelled, and a direct control mode is adopted at a high-level photoelectric control end (V)_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) Between, external resistor or piezo-resistor or voltage regulator device let emitting diode 2LED1 and 2LED2 directly give out light (not receiving the control of photo-resistor 2GR1 and 2GR 2), let photo-resistor 2GR3 continuously receive stable illumination, continuously switch on trigger current, let one-way silicon controlled rectifier 2DK1 to 2DK4 be equivalent to carry out continuous rectification work to AC power supply by the rectifier bridge that four diodes are constituteed, let to push up drive output (V DK) to drive output (V GR_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The power source is continuously output to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to work normally. Or two ends of the photosensitive resistor 2GR3 or the starting capacitor 2C3 are used as input ends and are respectively connected with two control output ends of an external circuit, the trigger current is directly controlled, the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 to 2DK4 are equivalent to a rectifier bridge consisting of four diodes to continuously rectify the alternating current power supply, and the push-up drives the output end (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The power source is continuously output to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to work normally. When the voltage of the input low-voltage alternating current power supply is too high, the voltage dependent resistor 2YR2 presents low impedance, so that the voltage at two ends drops to be very low, and simultaneously the voltage at two ends of the electrolytic capacitor 2C1 is pulled to be very low, so that the output end (V) is driven to be pushed upwards_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The external execution circuit (such as a relay) loses normal driving voltage and stops working.

2. The principle of preventing runaway:

(1) if any one of the four unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK 1-2 DK4 forming the rectifier bridge or two open circuits of the same group (diagonal), half of the rectified current is lost, so that the trigger sensitivity becomes high; if two or three or four unidirectional thyristors of different resistances (same side) are all open-circuited, all rectified currents are cut off, so that an external execution circuit (such as a relay) completely loses driving voltage and stops working. So that failure runaway will not result.

(2) If any one of the four unidirectional thyristors 2DK 1-2 DK4 forming the rectifier bridge or two of the same group (opposite angle) are short-circuited, half of the rectified current is lost, so that the trigger sensitivity becomes high; if two or three or four unidirectional thyristors of the different resistances (on the same side) are short-circuited, the two alternating current ends (namely two ends of the piezoresistor 2YR 2) of the rectifier bridge are short-circuited, so that the rectifier bridge completely loses an alternating current power supply, and the two ends of the capacitor 2C1 cannot establish a driving voltage; the driving voltage is also extinguished if a short circuit occurs across the capacitor 2C1 or the zener diode 2WD 1. Failure runaway will not result.

(3) If the two ends of the photosensitive resistor 2GR3 or the starting capacitor 2C3 are short-circuited, the voltage drop of the two ends of the capacitor 2C1 is too much because the resistances of the resistors 2R2 and 2R3 are very small and the trigger voltage of the one-way thyristor is also small, so that the external relay is released to stop working; if the light sensitive resistor 2GR3 is opened, the trigger current is not available to all of the four unidirectional thyristors 2DK1 to 2DK4, and the rectified current is completely cut off, so that the driving voltage is completely lost across the capacitor 2C 1. The resistor 2R5 has no chance of short circuit and only chance of open circuit because of the wire-wound resistor, and only the ac power supply is cut off if the resistor 2R5 is short-circuited. Failure runaway will not result.

(4) If a luminous current path formed by the piezoresistor 2YR1, the photoresistors 2GR1 and 2GR2, the light-emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2, the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD2, the resistor 2R1, the external sensor, the external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit and the like is opened anywhere, the light-emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 cannot emit light, if the two ends of the light-emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 are short-circuited and cannot emit light, the photoresistor 2GR3 is caused to present a high impedance blocking trigger current, the four unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 to 2DK4 are all stopped to disconnect the rectifying current, and the two ends of the capacitor 2C1 completely lose the driving voltage. Failure runaway will not result.

(5) If the two ends of the piezoresistor 2YR1 are short-circuited, the trigger sensitivity is only slightly reduced, if the two ends of the starting capacitor 2C2 are short-circuited, if the anodes of the light-emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 are connected with the push-up driving output (V)_DT) Short-circuiting the capacitor 2C1Positive voltage or push-up drive output (V)_DT) The voltage drops too much, so that the external relay is released to stop working. Failure runaway will not result.

(6) If the external sensor or the external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit or the voltage-stabilizing diode 2WD2 is short-circuited or the first trigger input end (V)_i1) And a second trigger input (V)_i2) When short circuit occurs, serious imbalance of light emission of the light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 can be caused, and the light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 can also be triggered to generate a photoelectric feedback effect on the photoresistors 2GR1 and 2GR2 mutually, so that the light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 cannot emit light, and the photoresistors 2GR3 control the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK 1-2 DK4 to be completely cut off to cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

(7) If the first trigger input (V)_i1) And a second trigger input (V)_i2) And push-up drive output terminal (V)_DT) Or the positive electrode of the capacitor 2C1 is short-circuited, so that the light emitting diode 2LED1 and the light emitting diode 2LED2 cannot emit light, and the photoresistor 2GR3 controls the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 to 2DK4 to cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

(8) If the first trigger input (V)_i1) Or a second trigger input (V)_i2) And an input end (V) of an alternating current power supply_S1) Or an AC power supply input terminal (V)_S2) And short circuit occurs, so that the light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 can not emit light, and the photoresistor 2GR3 controls the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 to 2DK4 to cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

(9) If the first trigger input (V)_i1) Andor a second trigger input (V)_i2) And across the starting capacitor 2C2 (V)_C1、V_C2) And short circuit occurs, so that the light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2 can not emit light, and the photoresistor 2GR3 controls the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 to 2DK4 to cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

It can be seen that, in the technical scheme of fig. 2, because the interior has unique photoelectric feedback interlocking touch control and bottom protection control functions and a light-operated rectifier bridge driving function, not only when the device works normally, the low and weak signals of the external sensor can also trigger, control and drive the external actuator to act, but also various failures of the device can be completely and truly prevented from being out of control, the safety protection control function can be ensured to be necessarily effective, the device is very suitable for the safety protection control of electric leakage prevention or electric shock prevention, the alternating current power supply of the controlled load can be effectively cut off in the electric leakage or failure, the electric consumer can avoid dangers, and the life of the electric consumer can be ensured to be necessarily. Therefore, the technical scheme of fig. 2 is a loss control prevention must-safe driving circuit, which is a preferred core device of a true security leakage protector.

Thirdly, the specific description of the technical scheme used in the attached figure 3:

fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment 2 of an anti-runaway must-safe driving circuit HAKM in the present invention, wherein: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 3WD2, a resistor 3R1, a voltage dependent resistor 3YR1, light sensitive resistors 3GR1 and 3GR2 and a starting capacitor 3C2, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises a triode 3VT 1-3 VT4 or a field effect tube, diodes 3D 1-3D 4, a voltage stabilizing diode 3WD1, resistors 3R2 and 3R5, a voltage dependent resistor 3YR2, a light sensitive resistor 3GR3, a starting capacitor 3C3 and an electrolytic capacitor 3C 1; one end of two emitters of triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4 in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) is connected with a voltage dependent resistor 3YR2 and is used as an alternating current power supply input end (V)_S1) The emitters of the transistors 3VT2 and 3VT3 are connected with the other end of the voltage dependent resistor 3YR2 and one end of the resistor 3R5 to be used as alternating current input ends (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 3R5 is used as an input end (V) of an alternating current power supply_S2) The connection point of the two collectors of the triodes 3VT1 and 3VT2 and one end of the voltage dependent resistor 3YR1 connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD1 and the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor 3C1 is used as the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The connection point of two collectors of the triodes 3VT3 and 3VT4 connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD1 and the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor 3C1 is used as the pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) The base of the triode 3VT1 is connected with the anode of the diode 3D1, the base of the triode 3VT2 is connected with the anode of the diode 3D2, the base of the triode 3VT3 is connected with the cathode of the diode 3D3, the base of the triode 3VT4 is connected with the cathode of the diode 3D4, and the cathodes of the diode 3D1 and the diode 3D2 are connected with the resistor 3One end of the R2, the other end of the resistor 3R2 is connected to one end of the photo-resistor 3GR3 and one end of the starting capacitor 3C3, and the other ends of the photo-resistor 3GR3 and the starting capacitor 3C3 are connected to two anodes of the diodes 3D3 and 3D 4; one end of the piezoresistor 3YR1 in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with an upper push driving output end (V)_DT) The other end of the piezoresistor 3YR1 is connected with the photoresistor 3GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 3C2, and the other end is used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C1) The other end of the photoresistor 3GR1 is connected with one end of the photoresistor 3GR2, the other end of the photoresistor 3GR2 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 3C2 and the two anodes of the light-emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2, and the two anodes of the two ends of the photoresistor 3GR2 are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The cathode of the light emitting diode 3LED1 is connected with one end of the resistor 3R1, and the other end of the resistor 3R1 is used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_i1) The cathode of the light emitting diode 3LED2 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD2, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD2 is used as a second trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) to the outside_i2) (ii) a Or replacing the voltage dependent resistor 3YR1 with a zener diode, the cathode of which is connected to the push-up driving output terminal (V)_DT) The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a high-order photoelectric control end (V)_C1) Or a fixed value resistor or a piezoresistor is respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the starting capacitor 3C 2;

The circuit of fig. 3 operates as follows:

1. the normal working principle is as follows: at the input end (V) of the AC power supply of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_S1) And an AC power supply input terminal (V)_S2) When a low-voltage AC power supply is input between the input end and the input end (V)_S1) At the positive half cycle of the AC power supply, the AC current is emitted from the emitter of the transistor 3VT1The voltage of the alternating current power supply passes through the cathode of the diode 3D1, passes through the resistor 3R2 and the starting capacitor 3C3, then passes through the anode of the diode 3D3 to the emitter of the triode 3VT3, and then passes through the resistor 3R5 to return to the input end of the alternating current power supply (V)_S2) The transistors 3VT1 and 3VT3 are both turned on, and the transistors 3VT2 and 3VT4 are both turned off due to the reverse voltage; when the input end of the alternating current power supply (V)_S2) When the alternating current is in the positive half cycle of the alternating current power supply, the alternating current firstly passes through the resistor 3R5, passes through the emitter of the triode 3VT2 to the cathode of the diode 3D2, passes through the resistor 3R2 and the starting capacitor 3C3, then passes through the emitter of the triode 3VT4 from the anode of the diode 3D4, and returns to the input end of the alternating current power supply (V)_S1) The transistors 3VT2 and 3VT4 are both turned on, and the transistors 3VT1 and 3VT3 are both turned off due to the reverse voltage; the on/off of the transistors 3VT1 and 3VT3 and the off/on of the transistors 3VT2 and 3VT4 are changed along with the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle of the AC power supply alternately, which is equivalent to a rectifier bridge composed of four diodes to rectify the AC power supply, so that the output end (V) is pushed up to drive_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) Direct current voltage is established between the two circuits, and after the direct current voltage is filtered by the electrolytic capacitor 3C1 and stabilized by the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD1, an external execution circuit (such as a relay) can be stably driven to work normally. At this time, the varistor 3YR1 is also connected from the positive electrode (V) of the electrolytic capacitor 3C1_DTEnd) obtains direct current power supply, when power-on, start-up electric conduction is firstly started for the two positive poles of light emitting diode 3LED1 and 3LED2 by starting capacitor 3C2, when light emitting diode 3LED1 and 3LED2 illuminate, the impedance of photoresistors 3GR1 and 3GR2 is changed from big to small, then light emitting diode 3LED1 and 3LED2 can be continuously electrified and illuminated, photoresistors 3GR1 and 3GR2 maintain small impedance, light emitting diode 3LED1 and 3LED2 are continuously electrified and illuminated, light emitting diode 3LED1 can be continuously electrified and illuminated, still need to rely on first trigger input end (V to trigger input end) to illuminate_i1) To pull-down drive output terminal (V)_DL) The sensor externally connected with the sensor is continuously connected with the luminous current; the second trigger input (V) is relied upon to allow the LED 3LED2 to be continuously energized to emit light_i2) To pull-down drive output terminal (V)_DL) The bottom-protecting limit setting circuit externally connected between the two circuits is continuously connected with the luminous current; keeping the LEDs 3LED1 and 3LED2 emitting light in balance at the same time can maintainThe light-emitting diode 3LED1 continuously emits light to the photoresistor 3GR3, the photoresistor 3GR3 continuously receives light, low impedance can be maintained, the triode 3VT1 and the triode 3VT3 are conducted simultaneously, or the triode 3VT2 and the triode 3VT4 are conducted simultaneously, base current is continuously conducted, the triode 3VT1 and the triode 3VT4 are equivalent to a rectifier bridge consisting of four diodes to continuously rectify an alternating current power supply, and the drive output end (V) is pushed up (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The power source is continuously output to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to work normally. At this time, if the external sensor has a relatively weak trigger signal inputted to the first trigger input terminal (V)_i1) The current of the light emitting diode 3LED1 is weakened, the light emission is weakened to cause the impedance of the photoresistor 3GR1 to increase, and in turn, the current and light emission of the light emitting diode 3LED1 are weakened, and then the impedance of the photoresistor 3GR1 is further enlarged, the photoelectric feedback function drives the light emitting diode 3LED2 and the photoresistor 3GR2 to generate the same photoelectric feedback function, the mutual increase can make the light emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2 not emit light, the photoresistor 3GR3 loses the illumination to block the base current of the triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4, the triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4 are controlled to be completely cut off, and the push-up driving output terminal (V _ VT1 and 3VT 4) is driven to be_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) When the direct current driving voltage disappears, the external execution circuit (such as a relay) is forced to stop working. If the second trigger input terminal (V)_i2) The external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit is short-circuited or open-circuited, and can trigger the light-emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2 to generate mutual photoelectric feedback action between the photoresistors 3GR1 and 3GR2, and the result triggers the first trigger input end (V)_i1) The resulting effect is the same. If the external circuit is coupled to the first trigger input terminal (V)_i1) Has a strong input signal amplitude (exceeding V)_DT1/2), the photoelectric feedback touch control function can be cancelled, and a direct control mode is adopted at a high-level photoelectric control end (V)_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) Between, external resistor or piezo-resistor or voltage regulator let emitting diode 3LED1 and 3LED2 direct luminescence (not controlled by photo-resistor 3GR1 and 3GR 2), let photo-resistor 3GR3 continuously receive stable illumination, continuously switch on triode base current, let three connect resistance or piezo-resistor or voltage regulator spare, let three LED1 and 3LED2 direct luminescence (do not receive photo-resistor 3GR1 and 3GR 2's control), let photo-resistor 3GR3The pole tubes 3VT1 and 3VT4 are equivalent to a rectifier bridge consisting of four diodes to continuously rectify the AC power supply and push up the drive output (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The power source is continuously output to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to work normally. Or two ends of the photoresistor 3GR3 or the starting capacitor 3C3 are used as input ends and are respectively connected with two control output ends of an external circuit to directly control base current of the triode, so that the triode 3VT1 and the triode 3VT4 are equivalent to a rectifier bridge consisting of four diodes to continuously rectify the alternating current power supply, and the output end (V) is driven to be pushed up (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The power source is continuously output to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to work normally. When the voltage of the input low-voltage alternating current power supply is too high, the voltage dependent resistor 3YR2 presents low impedance, so that the voltage at two ends drops to be very low, and simultaneously the voltage at two ends of the electrolytic capacitor 3C1 is pulled to be very low, so that the output end (V) is driven to be pushed upwards_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The external execution circuit (such as a relay) stops working when the voltage is lower than the normal driving voltage.

2. The principle of preventing runaway:

(1) if any one of the four triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4 forming the rectifier bridge or two of the triodes in the same group (diagonal) are opened, half of the rectified current is lost, and the trigger sensitivity becomes high; if two or three or four triodes of the different resistors (on the same side) are all open-circuited, all rectified currents are cut off, and an external execution circuit (such as a relay) completely loses driving voltage and stops working. So that failure runaway will not result.

(2) If any one of the four triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4 forming the rectifier bridge or two of the triodes in the same group (diagonal) are short-circuited, half of the rectified current is lost, and the trigger sensitivity becomes high; if two or three or four triodes of the different resistors (on the same side) are short-circuited, the two alternating current ends of the rectifier bridge (namely two ends of the piezoresistor 3YR 2) are short-circuited, so that the rectifier bridge completely loses an alternating current power supply, and a driving voltage cannot be established at two ends of the capacitor 3C 1; the driving voltage is also extinguished if a short circuit occurs across the capacitor 3C1 or the zener diode 3WD 1. Failure runaway will not result.

(3) If the two ends of the photosensitive resistor 3GR3 or the starting capacitor 3C3 are short-circuited, the voltage drop of the resistance value of the resistor 3R2 is small, the voltage of the emitter junction of the triode and the forward voltage drop of the diode are small, the voltage clamps at the two alternating current ends of the rectifier bridge are made to be very low, the voltage at the two ends of the capacitor 3C1 drops too much, and the external relay is released to stop working; if the photoresistor 3GR3 is opened, the base current of the four transistors 3VT1 and 3VT4 can not be obtained, and the rectified current is completely cut off, so that the driving voltage can be completely lost at two ends of the capacitor 3C 1. The resistor 3R5 has no short circuit chance and only open circuit chance because the wire-wound resistor is selected to have a long distance between its two ends, and only the ac power supply is cut off if the resistor 3R5 is short-circuited. Failure runaway will not result.

(4) If a light-emitting current path formed by the piezoresistor 3YR1, the photoresistors 3GR1 and 3GR2, the light-emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2, the zener diode 3WD2, the resistor 3R1, the external sensor, the external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit and the like is opened anywhere, the light-emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2 cannot emit light, if the two ends of the light-emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2 are short-circuited and cannot emit light, the photoresistor 3GR3 is caused to present high impedance to block the base current of the triode, the four triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4 are all cut off to disconnect the rectifying current, and the two ends of the capacitor 3C1 completely lose the driving voltage. Failure runaway will not result.

(5) If a short circuit occurs across the varistor 3YR1, the trigger sensitivity is only slightly reduced; if the two ends of the starting capacitor 3C2 are short-circuited, if the anodes of the LEDs 3LED1 and 3LED2 are connected with the push-up driving output (V)_DT) Short circuit occurs, which causes the positive voltage of the capacitor 3C1 or pushes the drive output (V)_DT) The voltage drops too much, so that the external relay is released to stop working. Failure runaway will not result.

(6) If the external sensor or the external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit or the voltage-stabilizing diode 3WD2 is short-circuited or the first trigger input end (V)_i1) And a second trigger input (V)_i2) The occurrence of short circuit will cause serious unbalance of light emission of the light emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2, and triggerThe light emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2 generate a mutual photoelectric feedback effect on the light sensitive resistors 3GR1 and 3GR2, and as a result, the light emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2 cannot emit light, so that the light sensitive resistors 3GR3 control the triacs 3VT1 and 3VT4 to be completely cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

(7) If the first trigger input (V)_i1) And a second trigger input (V)_i2) And push-up drive output terminal (V)_DT) Or the positive electrode of the capacitor 3C1 is short-circuited, so that the light-emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2 can not emit light, and the photoresistor 3GR3 controls the triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4 to be completely cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

(8) If the first trigger input (V)_i1) Or a second trigger input (V)_i2) And an input end (V) of an alternating current power supply_S1) Or an AC power supply input terminal (V)_S2) The short circuit occurs, so that the light emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2 can not emit light, and the photoresistor 3GR3 controls the triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4 to cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

(9) If the first trigger input (V)_i1) Andor a second trigger input (V)_i2) And across the starting capacitor 3C2 (V)_C1、V_C2) The short circuit occurs, so that the light emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2 can not emit light, and the photoresistor 3GR3 controls the triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4 to cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

It can be seen that, in the technical scheme of fig. 3, because the interior has unique photoelectric feedback interlocking touch control and bottom protection control functions and a light-operated rectifier bridge driving function, not only when the device works normally, the low and weak signals of the external sensor can also trigger, control and drive the external actuator to act, but also various failures of the device can be completely and truly prevented from being out of control, the safety protection control function can be ensured to be necessarily effective, the device is very suitable for the safety protection control of electric leakage prevention or electric shock prevention, the alternating current power supply of the controlled load can be effectively cut off in the electric leakage or failure, the electric consumer can avoid dangers, and the life of the electric consumer can be ensured to be necessarily. Therefore, the technical scheme of fig. 3 is a loss control prevention must-safe driving circuit, which is a preferred core device of a true security leakage protector.

Fourthly, the technical scheme used in the attached figure 4 is specifically explained:

fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment 3 of an anti-runaway must-safe driving circuit HAKM in the present invention, wherein: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3, a resistor 4R1, an adjustable resistor 4RT, a photosensitive resistor 4GR1 and a starting capacitor 4C2, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises diodes 4D1 and 4D2, a voltage stabilizing diode 4WD1, an electrolytic capacitor 4C1, starting capacitors 4C5 and 4C6, photosensitive unidirectional thyristors 4GD1 and 4GD2, a resistor 4R5 and a piezoresistor 4YR 2; the positive electrode of a photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD1 and the negative electrode of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD2 in the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8) are connected with the starting capacitors 4C5 and 4C6 and one end of a piezoresistor 4YR2 are used as the input end of an alternating current power supply (V)_S1) The anode of the diode 4D1 and the cathode of the diode 4D2 are both connected with the other end of the piezoresistor 4YR2 and one end of the resistor 4R5 to be used as alternating current input ends (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 4R5 is used as an input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S2) The negative electrode of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD1, the negative electrode of the diode 4D1 and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD1 are connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor 4C1 and the connecting point of the other end of the starting capacitor 4C6 to be used as a push-up driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The positive pole of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD2, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD1 and the positive pole of the diode 4D2 are connected with the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor 4C1 and the connection point of the other end of the starting capacitor 4C5 to be used as a pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) (ii) a AC power supply input terminal (V)_S1) The end a of the external sensor is connected, and the end e of the external sensor is connected with the N of the low-voltage alternating-current power supply₂A pole; or the adjustable resistor 4RT is replaced by an external sensor, and the a end of the external sensor is connected with the connection point (V) of the resistor 4R1 and the adjustable resistor 4RT_i1) The e end of the external sensor is connected with a pull-down driving output end (V)_DL) (ii) a The negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3 in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with the upper push driving output end (V)_DT) The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode 4LED1, the cathode of the light emitting diode 4LED1 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode 4LED2, and the light emitting diode IIThe negative electrode of the polar tube 4LED2 is connected with the photoresistor 4GR1 and the starting capacitor 4C2, and one end of the photoresistor and one end of the starting capacitor are used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) to the outside_C1) The other end of the photosensitive resistor 4GR1 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 4C2 and one end of the resistor 4R1, and the other end and the one end of the resistor are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The other end of the resistor 4R1 is connected with one end of the adjustable resistor 4RT to be used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_i1) One end of the adjustable resistor 4RT is connected with a pull-down driving output end (V)_DL) (ii) a Or the voltage-dependent resistor is used to replace the voltage regulator diode 4WD3, or a constant value resistor or a voltage regulator diode is respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the starting capacitor 4C2, the cathode of the voltage regulator diode is connected with the cathode of the light emitting diode 4LED2, and the anode of the voltage regulator diode is connected with the low-level photoelectric control end (V)_C2)；

The circuit of fig. 4 operates as follows:

1. the normal working principle is as follows: at the input end (V) of the AC power supply_S1) And an AC power supply input terminal (V)_S2) When the low-voltage AC power supply is input, the low-voltage AC power supply enters the input end (V) of the AC power supply through the external sensor HGX_S1) When the low-voltage alternating current power supply is in positive half cycle, alternating current firstly enters the anode of the electrolytic capacitor 4C1 through the starting capacitor 4C6, then flows into the input end of the alternating current power supply (V) through the voltage-stabilizing diode 4WD1 or an external execution circuit (such as a relay coil), and then flows into the input end of the alternating current power supply through the diode 4D2 and the resistor 4R5_S1) And diode 4D1 is cut off by being subjected to a reverse voltage; when the input end of the alternating current power supply (V)_S2) When the alternating current is in the positive half cycle of the low-voltage alternating current power supply, the alternating current firstly enters the anode of the electrolytic capacitor 4C1 from the anode of the diode 4D1 through the resistor 4R5, and then flows into the input end (V) of the alternating current power supply (V) through the voltage-stabilizing diode 4WD1 or an external execution circuit (such as a relay coil) and the starting capacitor 4C5_S1) Then returns to the other pole (N) of the AC power supply through the external sensor HGX₂) And diode 4D2 is cut off by being subjected to a reverse voltage; thus, a dc voltage is established across the electrolytic capacitor 4C 1. At this time, the zener diode 4WD3 is also connected from the positive electrode (V) of the electrolytic capacitor 4C1_DTEnd) obtains a direct current power supply, when the direct current power supply is powered on, a starting capacitor 4C2 is used for starting and electrifying a current path of a light emitting diode 4LED1 and a light emitting diode 4LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3, a resistor 4R1 and an adjustable resistor 4RT, when the light emitting diode 4LED1 and a light emitting diode 4LED2 are lighted, the impedance of a photoresistor 4GR1 is reduced, the light emitting diode 4LED1 and the light emitting diode 4LED2 can be continuously electrified and lighted, the photoresistor 4GR1 maintains small impedance, the light emitting diode 4LED1 and the light emitting diode 4LED2 are continuously electrified and lighted, after the photothyristors 4GD1 and 4GD2 are simultaneously lighted by the light emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2, when the diode 4D1 and the photothyristor 4GD2 are switched on, the diode 4D2 and the photothyristor 4GD1 are cut off by the back voltage, after the alternating current voltage is reversed, when the photothyristor 4GD1 and the photothyristor 4, is equivalent to a rectifier bridge (controlled by light) consisting of four diodes to continuously rectify an alternating current power supply and push up a driving output end (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The power source is continuously output to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to work normally. If the external sensor HGX has a weak trigger signal input to the input end (V) of the AC power supply_S1) The light emitting current of the light emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2 is weakened, the light emitting weakening causes the impedance of the photoresistor 4GR1 to increase, in turn, the current and the light emitting of the light emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2 are weakened, and then the impedance of the photoresistor 4GR1 is further enlarged, the photoelectric feedback effect can lead the light emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2 not to emit light, lead the light sensitive unidirectional thyristors 4GD1 and 4GD2 to be cut off, lead the light-controlled rectifier bridge to stop rectifying, and lead the push-up driving output end (V) to be pushed up (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) When the direct current driving voltage disappears, the external execution circuit (such as a relay) is forced to stop working. If the external circuit is applied to the input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S1) Has a strong input signal amplitude (exceeding V)_DT1/2), the photoelectric feedback touch control function can be cancelled, a direct control mode is adopted, and two ends of the capacitor 4C2 are externally connected with resistorsOr a piezoresistor or a voltage stabilizer, the light-emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2 directly emit light (not controlled by the piezoresistor 4GR 1), the photosensitive unidirectional thyristors 4GD1 and 4GD2 are continuously illuminated with stable light, the light-controlled rectifier bridge is equivalent to a rectifier bridge consisting of four diodes to continuously rectify the alternating current power supply, and the output end (V) is driven to push up_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The power source is continuously output to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to work normally. When the voltage of the input low-voltage alternating current power supply is too high, the voltage dependent resistor 4YR2 presents low impedance, so that the voltage at two ends drops to be very low, and simultaneously the voltage at two ends of the electrolytic capacitor 4C1 is pulled to be very low, so that the output end (V) is driven to be pushed upwards_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The external execution circuit (such as a relay) stops working when the voltage is lower than the normal driving voltage. Or all electronic components included in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) are eliminated, the photosensitive unidirectional thyristors 4GD1 and 4GD2 are replaced by rectifier diodes, the connection directions before and after replacement are the same, and two ends of an external sensor HGX are connected in series with the input end of an alternating current power supply (V)_S1) And N of low-voltage AC power supply₂Between the poles, this requires that the amplitude of the sensor signal reaches more than two thirds of the low-voltage ac supply voltage to prevent the drive output (V) from being pushed up_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The external execution circuit (such as a relay) stops working when the voltage is lower than the normal driving voltage (lower than the pull-in voltage of the relay).

2. The principle of preventing runaway:

(1) if any one of the two diodes 4D1 and 4D2 and the two photosensitive unidirectional thyristors 4GD1 and 4GD2 or two open circuits of the same group (diagonal) which form the rectifier bridge, half of the rectified current is lost, and the trigger sensitivity becomes high; if two or three or four of the different resistors (on the same side) are open-circuited, all rectified currents are cut off, so that an external execution circuit (such as a relay) completely loses the driving voltage and stops working. So that failure runaway will not result.

(2) If any one of the two diodes 4D1, 4D2 and the two light-sensitive unidirectional thyristors 4GD1, 4GD2, or two short circuits of the same group (diagonal), which constitute the rectifier bridge, is short-circuited, half of the rectified current will be lost, which will make the trigger sensitivity high; if two or three or four triodes of the different resistors (on the same side) are short-circuited, the two alternating current ends of the rectifier bridge (namely two ends of the piezoresistor 4YR 2) are short-circuited, so that the rectifier bridge completely loses an alternating current power supply, and the two ends of the capacitor 4C1 cannot establish a driving voltage; the driving voltage is also extinguished if a short circuit occurs across the capacitor 4C1 or the zener diode 4WD 1. Failure runaway will not result.

(3) If the resistor 4R5 is open, only the AC power supply is cut off; because the resistor 4R5 is a wire-wound resistor, the distance between two ends of the wire-wound resistor is relatively long, no short circuit chance exists, and only an open circuit chance exists, the fault runaway cannot be caused.

(4) If the light-emitting current path formed by the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3, the photoresistor 4GR1, the light-emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2, the resistor 4R1, the adjustable resistor 4RT, the external sensor HGX and the like is opened anywhere, the light-emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2 cannot emit light, and if the two ends of the light-emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2 are short-circuited and cannot emit light, the light-sensitive unidirectional thyristors 4GD1 and 4GD2 are all cut off, the rectification current is cut off, and the driving voltage is completely lost at the two ends of the capacitor 4C 1. Failure runaway will not result.

(5) If a short circuit occurs across the zener diode 4WD3, the trigger sensitivity is simply reduced; if a short circuit occurs across the start capacitor 4C2, the positive voltage of the capacitor 4C1 will be pulled up to drive the output (V)_DT) The voltage drops too much, so that the external relay is released to stop working. Failure runaway will not result.

(6) If the distance between the two ends of the external sensor HGX is greatly increased during process design, and no short-circuit chance exists, the out-of-control short-circuit fault cannot occur; as for the open circuit, only the input ac power supply is cut off, so that the failure runaway is not caused. The technical scheme of fig. 4 has the advantages of simple circuit structure and low cost, but can not prevent the short circuit of the external sensor HGX from being out of control.

It can be seen that, the technical scheme in fig. 4 has unique photoelectric feedback interlocking touch control and light-operated rectifier bridge driving function because of inside, not only when normal work, the low and weak signal of external sensor also can trigger, control, drive external executor action, but also can prevent self multiple trouble out of control, can guarantee basically that the safety protection control function is normal effective, also be applicable to the safety protection control of anticreep or protection against electric shock, also can in time cut off the alternating current power supply of controlled load when electric leakage or trouble, let the consumer avoid danger, guarantee basically that the consumer lives safety. Therefore, the technical scheme of fig. 4 is also a loss control prevention must-be-installed driving circuit, and is an optional core device of a true security leakage protector.

Fifthly, the technical scheme used in the attached figure 5 is specifically explained:

fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment 4 of the loss-control-prevention HAKM driver circuit according to the present invention, in which: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 5WD2, a resistor 5R1, a voltage dependent resistor 5YR1, photoresistors 5GR1 and 5GR2, a starting capacitor 5C2, a light emitting diode in a photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises diodes 5D1 and 5D2, a voltage stabilizing diode 5WD1, an electrolytic capacitor 5C1, starting capacitors 5C5 and 5C6, a photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD or a photosensitive diode, a photosensitive diode or a photosensitive unidirectional thyristor in a photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, a resistor 5R5 and a voltage dependent resistor 5YR 2; the positive electrode of a diode 5D1 and the negative electrode of a diode 5D2 in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) are connected with one end of a piezoresistor 5YR2 to be used as an alternating current power supply input end (V)_S1) In the photocoupler 5GDH1, the positive electrode of the photosensitive diode and the negative electrode of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD are connected with one end of a starting capacitor 5C5, 5C6 and a resistor 5R5 and the other end of a piezoresistor 5YR2 to be used as an alternating current input end (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 5R5 is used as an input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S2) The negative electrode of a photosensitive diode, the negative electrode of a diode 5D1 and the negative electrode of a voltage stabilizing diode 5WD1 in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are connected with the positive electrode of an electrolytic capacitor 5C1 and the connecting point of the other end of a starting capacitor 5C6 to be used as a push-up driving output end (V) of a light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The positive pole of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD, the positive pole of the diode 5D2 and the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode 5WD1 are connected with the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor 5C1 and the connection point of the other end of the starting capacitor 5C5 to be used as a pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) (ii) a The above-mentionedOne end of the piezoresistor 5YR1 is connected with a push-up driving output end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_DT) The other end of the piezoresistor 5YR1 is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, the cathode of the light emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 is connected with the photoresistor 5GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 5C2, and the two ends are used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) from outside_C1) The other end of the photoresistor 5GR1 is connected with one end of the photoresistor 5GR2, the other end of the photoresistor 5GR2 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 5C2 and the two anodes of the light-emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2, and the two anodes of the two ends of the photoresistor 5GR2 are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The cathode of the light emitting diode 5LED1 is connected with one end of the resistor 5R1, and the other end of the resistor 5R1 is used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) to the outside_i1) The cathode of the light emitting diode 5LED2 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode 5WD2, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 5WD2 is used as a second trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) to the outside_i2) (ii) a Or replacing the voltage dependent resistor 5YR1 with a zener diode having its cathode connected to the push-up driving output (V)_DT) The positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the positive electrode of a light emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, or two ends of the starting capacitor 5C2 are respectively connected with a constant value resistor or a piezoresistor in parallel;

The circuit of fig. 5 operates as follows:

1. the normal working principle is as follows: at the input end (V) of the AC power supply_S1) And an AC power supply input terminal (V)_S2) When a low-voltage AC power supply is input between the input end and the input end (V)_S1) When the alternating current is in the positive half cycle of the low-voltage alternating current power supply, the alternating current enters the anode of the electrolytic capacitor 5C1 from the anode of the diode 5D1 and then enters the anode of the electrolytic capacitor 5C1The over-voltage diode 5WD1, an external execution circuit (such as a relay coil) and a starting capacitor 5C5 flow into the input end (V) of the alternating current power supply through a resistor 5R5_S2) And diode 5D2 is cut off by being subjected to a reverse voltage; when the input end of the alternating current power supply (V)_S2) When the alternating current is in the positive half cycle of the low-voltage alternating current power supply, the alternating current firstly enters the anode of the electrolytic capacitor 5C1 through the resistor 5R5 and the starting capacitor 5C6, and then flows into the input end (V) of the alternating current power supply from the anode of the diode 5D2 through the voltage-stabilizing diode 5WD1 and an external execution circuit (such as a relay coil)_S1) And diode 5D1 is cut off by being subjected to a reverse voltage; thus, at both ends of the electrolytic capacitor 5C1 or at the push-up drive output (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) A dc drive voltage is established therebetween. At this time, the varistor 5YR1 is also connected from the positive electrode (V) of the electrolytic capacitor 5C1_DTEnd) obtains direct current power supply, when power is on, the starting capacitor 5C2 starts the power on for the two anodes of the light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2, when the light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 emit light, the impedances of the photoresistors 5GR1 and 5GR2 are reduced from large to small, the light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 can be continuously powered on to emit light, the photoresistors 5GR1 and 5GR2 maintain small impedance, the light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 are continuously powered on to emit light, the light emitting diode 5LED1 can be continuously powered on to emit light, and the first trigger input end (V trigger input end) is required to be relied on (V trigger input end)_i1) To pull-down drive output terminal (V)_DL) The sensor externally connected with the sensor is continuously connected with the luminous current; the second trigger input (V) is relied upon to allow the LED 5LED2 to be continuously energized to emit light_i2) To pull-down drive output terminal (V)_DL) The bottom-protecting limit setting circuit externally connected between the two circuits is continuously connected with the luminous current; keeping the light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 to emit light in a balanced manner at the same time, so that the light emitting diodes 5LED1 can be kept to emit light to the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD, the light emitting diodes in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 emit light to the photosensitive diodes, and the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD and the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5LED in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are switched on when the voltage is forward and switched off when the voltage is reverse after being illuminated; then, when the diode 5D1 and the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD are turned on, the photodiode in the diode 5D2 and the photocoupler 5GDH1 is cut off by the reverse voltage, and after the alternating voltage is reversed, the light in the diode 5D2 and the photocoupler 5GDH1 is reflectedWhen the sensitive diode is conducted, the diode 5D1 and the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD are cut off under the condition of back pressure, and the operation is equivalent to that a rectifier bridge (controlled by light) consisting of four diodes carries out continuous rectification work on an alternating current power supply, so that the output end (V) is driven to be pushed up_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The power source is continuously output to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to work normally. If the external sensor has a weaker trigger signal input to the first trigger input (V)_i1) The light emitting current of the light emitting diode 5LED1 is weakened, the light emitting weakening causes the impedance of the photosensitive resistor 5GR1 to increase, the current and the light emitting of the light emitting diode 5LED1 are weakened, the impedance of the photosensitive resistor 5GR1 is further increased, the photoelectric feedback effect drives the light emitting diode 5LED2 and the photosensitive resistor 5GR2 to generate the same photoelectric feedback effect, the mutual feedback interlocking can lead the light emitting diode 5LED1 and the light emitting diode 5LED2 not to emit light, the photosensitive diode and the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are cut off, the rectification of the light-controlled rectifier bridge is stopped, and the push-up driving output end (V is driven to drive the output end (V is driven to be rectified by the light-controlled rectifier bridge), so that the_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) When the direct current driving voltage disappears, the external execution circuit (such as a relay) is forced to stop working. If the second trigger input terminal (V)_i2) The external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit is short-circuited or open-circuited, the light-emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 are triggered to generate mutual photoelectric feedback action between the photoresistors 5GR1 and 5GR2, and the result triggers the first trigger input end (V)_i1) The resulting effect is the same. If the external circuit is coupled to the first trigger input terminal (V)_i1) Has a strong input signal amplitude (exceeding V)_DT1/2), the photoelectric feedback touch control function can be cancelled, and a direct control mode is adopted at a high-level photoelectric control end (V)_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) The light-emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 directly emit light (not controlled by the photoresistors 5GR1 and 5GR 2), the photodiodes and the photosensitive unidirectional thyristors 5GD in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 continuously receive stable illumination, the light-controlled rectifier bridge is equivalent to a rectifier bridge consisting of four diodes to continuously rectify an alternating current power supply, and the push-up driving output end is connected with a resistor, a piezoresistor or a voltage stabilizing device(V_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The power source is continuously output to drive an external execution circuit (such as a relay) to work normally. When the voltage of the input low-voltage alternating current power supply is too high, the voltage dependent resistor 5YR2 presents low impedance, so that the voltage at two ends drops to be very low, and simultaneously the voltage at two ends of the electrolytic capacitor 5C1 is pulled to be very low, so that the output end (V) is driven to be pushed upwards_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The external execution circuit (such as a relay) stops working when the voltage is lower than the normal driving voltage. Or all electronic components included in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) are eliminated, the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD and the photosensitive diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are replaced by the rectifier diode, the connection directions before and after replacement are the same, and two ends of an external sensor signal are connected in series with the input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S1) And N of low-voltage AC power supply₂Between the poles, this requires that the amplitude of the sensor signal reaches more than two thirds of the low-voltage ac supply voltage to prevent the drive output (V) from being pushed up_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The external execution circuit (such as a relay) stops working when the voltage is lower than the normal driving voltage.

2. The principle of preventing runaway:

(1) if any one of the two diodes 5D1, 5D2 and the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD and the photosensitive diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 or two open circuits in the same group (diagonal angle) form a rectifier bridge, half of the rectified current is lost, and the trigger sensitivity is high; if two or three or four of the different resistors (on the same side) are open-circuited, all rectified currents are cut off, so that an external execution circuit (such as a relay) completely loses the driving voltage and stops working. So that failure runaway will not result.

(2) If any one of the two diodes 5D1, 5D2 and the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD and the photosensitive diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 which form the rectifier bridge or two short circuits of the same group (opposite angle) are short-circuited, half of the rectification current is lost, and the trigger sensitivity is high; if two or three or four of the resistors (on the same side) are short-circuited, the two alternating current ends of the rectifier bridge (namely two ends of the piezoresistor 5YR 2) are short-circuited, so that the rectifier bridge loses the alternating current power supply completely, and the two ends of the capacitor 5C1 cannot establish the driving voltage; the driving voltage is also extinguished if a short circuit occurs across the capacitor 5C1 or the zener diode 5WD 1. Failure runaway will not result.

(3) If the resistor 5R5 is open, only the AC power supply is cut off; because the resistor 5R5 is a wire-wound resistor, the distance between two ends of the wire-wound resistor is relatively long, no short circuit chance exists, and only an open circuit chance exists, the fault runaway cannot be caused.

(4) If a light-emitting current path formed by the piezoresistor 5YR1, the photoresistors 5GR1 and 5GR2, the light-emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2, the voltage-stabilizing diode 5WD2, the resistor 5R1, the external sensor, the external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit and the like is opened anywhere, the light-emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 cannot emit light, and if the two ends of the light-emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 are short-circuited and cannot emit light, the photoresistors 5GD and the photoresistors 5GDH1 are all cut off to disconnect the rectified current, so that the two ends of the capacitor 5C1 completely lose the driving voltage. Failure runaway will not result.

(5) If a short circuit occurs across the varistor 3YR1, the trigger sensitivity is only slightly reduced; if the two ends of the starting capacitor 5C2 are short-circuited, if the anodes of the LEDs 5LED1 and 5LED2 are connected with the push-up driving output (V)_DT) Short circuit occurs, which causes the positive voltage of the capacitor 5C1 or pushes the drive output (V)_DT) The voltage drops too much, so that the external relay is released to stop working. Failure runaway will not result.

(6) If the external sensor or the external bottom-protecting limit setting circuit or the voltage-stabilizing diode 5WD2 is short-circuited or the first trigger input end (V)_i1) And a second trigger input (V)_i2) When short circuit occurs, serious imbalance of light emission of the light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 can be caused, and the light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 can also be triggered to generate a photoelectric feedback effect on the photoresistors 5GR1 and 5GR2 mutually, so that the light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 cannot emit light, the photosensitive diodes in the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD and the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are all cut off to disconnect rectification current, and the two ends of the capacitor 5C1 completely lose driving voltage. Failure runaway will not result.

(7) If the first trigger input (V)_i1) And a second trigger input (V)_i2) And push-up drive output terminal (V)_DT) Or the positive electrode of the capacitor 5C1 is short-circuited, so that the light-emitting diode in the light-emitting diode 5LED1 and the light-emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 can not emit light, and the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD and the light-emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are all cut off to cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

(8) If the first trigger input (V)_i1) Or a second trigger input (V)_i2) And an input end (V) of an alternating current power supply_S1) Or an AC power supply input terminal (V)_S2) And short circuit occurs, so that the light-emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 can not emit light, and the photosensitive diodes in the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD and the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are all cut off to cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

(9) If the first trigger input (V)_i1) Andor a second trigger input (V)_i2) And across the starting capacitor 5C2 (V)_C1、V_C2) And short circuit occurs, so that the light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2 and the light emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 can not emit light, and the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD and the photosensitive diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are all cut off to cut off the rectified current. Failure runaway will not result.

It can be seen that, in the technical scheme of fig. 5, because the interior has unique photoelectric feedback interlocking touch control and bottom protection control functions and a light-operated rectifier bridge driving function, not only when the device works normally, the low and weak signals of the external sensor can also trigger, control and drive the external actuator to act, but also various failures of the device can be completely and truly prevented from being out of control, the safety protection control function can be ensured to be necessarily effective, the device is very suitable for the safety protection control of electric leakage prevention or electric shock prevention, the alternating current power supply of the controlled load can be effectively cut off in the electric leakage or failure, the electric consumer can avoid dangers, and the life of the electric consumer can be ensured to be necessarily. Therefore, the technical scheme of fig. 5 is a loss control prevention must-safe driving circuit, which is a preferred core device of a true security leakage protector.

Sixthly, the technical scheme used in the attached figure 6 is specifically explained:

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application of FIG. 1The invention relates to a 1 st practical circuit schematic diagram of a true security protection leakage protector, which is invented by taking a circuit as a core device, wherein the practical circuit schematic diagram comprises a zero sequence current transformer H, an execution circuit and an alternating current power supply overvoltage protection and voltage reduction circuit, and the practical circuit schematic diagram is technically characterized in that: the device also comprises a core device HAKM and a sensitivity and bottom-preserving setting circuit; the zero sequence current transformer H consists of a primary coil n₁And n₂And a secondary coil n₃The actuating circuit comprises a starting button QD and a relay J, the relay J comprises a coil sleeve iron core and two groups of normally open contacts, the alternating current power supply overvoltage protection and voltage reduction circuit comprises a voltage dependent resistor YR, resistors R6 and R7, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, a fuse RD and a voltage reduction capacitor C9, the sensitivity and bottom protection setting circuit comprises a capacitor C8, resistors R8, R9 and R10, the core device HAKM adopts an anti-runaway must-safety driving circuit HAKM shown in the attached figure 1 and comprises the attached figures 2 to 5 and a circuit which is equivalent to the attached figures in function; the circuit connection mode is as follows: the primary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H₁And n₂A parallel winding and a secondary winding n₃Single winding on the same electromagnet core and its primary winding n₁Connected in series to an AC load line L₁And L₂Primary winding n₂Connected in series to an AC load line N₁And N₂Secondary winding n₃The terminal a of (a) is connected with one terminal of the resistor R8 and the secondary coil n₃Is connected with one end of a resistor R9 and one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R8 and one end of a capacitor C8 are connected with a first trigger input end (V) of a core device HAKM_i1) The other end of the resistor R9 and the other end of the capacitor C8 are both connected with a second trigger input end (V) of the core device HAKM_i2) The other end of the resistor R10 is connected with a pull-down driving output end (V) of a core device HAKM_DL) The alternating current power supply input end (V) of the core device HAKM_S1) Connecting AC load line N₂And one end of the piezoresistor YR, and an alternating current power supply input end (V) of the core device HAKM_S2) One end of a voltage reduction capacitor C9 and one end of a resistor R6 are connected, the other ends of the voltage reduction capacitor C9 and the resistor R6 are connected with the other end of a piezoresistor YR and one end of a resistor R7, and the other end of a resistor R7 and a positive temperature coefficient thermistorA fuse RD is connected between one ends of the positive temperature coefficient thermistors in series, and the other end of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is connected with an alternating current load line L₂In the relay J, two ends of the coil are separately bridged on the push-up driving output end (V) of the core device HAKM_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The dead point of a group of normally open contacts in the relay J is connected with an alternating current power line L, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line L₁The dead point of another group of normally open contacts in the relay J is connected with an alternating current power line N, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line N₁Manually pressing the start button QD to make the AC power line L and the AC load line L₁Is turned on while the AC power line N and the AC load line N are connected₁Is also switched on.

The circuit of fig. 6 operates as follows:

1. the starting working principle is as follows: after the start button QD is pressed, two groups of normally open contacts of the relay J connect the AC power supply from the power grid on the AC power lines L and N to the AC load line L₁And N₁Then passes through a primary coil n of a zero sequence current transformer H₁、n₂To an ac load line L₂And N₂Upper, AC load line L₂The AC power supply is stepped down by PTC thermistor, fuse RD, resistor R7 and step-down capacitor C9, and then is supplied via AC load line L₅Input to the AC power input terminal (V) of the core device HAKM_S2) AC load line N₂The AC power supply is directly input to the AC power supply input end (V) of the HAKM core device_S1) The voltage dependent resistor YR is bridged on the AC load line N₂And the power supply side of the voltage reduction capacitor C9 is favorable for absorbing interference pulses of an alternating current power transmission network and giving consideration to overvoltage protection, and after the core device HAKM obtains an alternating current power supply, the core device HAKM pushes up a driving output end (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The external relay J coil obtains the driving voltage source which is continuously output and is attracted, and the two pairs of normally open contacts of the relay J are the alternating current load lines L₁And N₁Continuously connecting the AC power supply from the power grid to make the AC load line L₂And N₂And continue to be the core deviceTwo AC input ends (V) of HAKM_S1、V_S2) The AC power supply after voltage reduction is input, so that the whole circuit of the anti-leakage protector is self-locked in a standby state of normal power-on work, and the AC power supply from a power grid is stably transmitted to a controlled load or an electric appliance.

2. Normal transmission principle: in the standby state, if the controlled AC load works normally, no electric leakage or electric shock occurs, and the zero sequence current transformer H passes through a primary coil n₁、n₂The alternating currents in the zero sequence current transformer H are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the magnetic flux induced in the iron core of the zero sequence current transformer H is offset to zero, so that the secondary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H is arranged₃No ac current or voltage signal is generated across it, at which time the first trigger input (V) of the core device hazm_i1) Via a resistor R8 and a secondary coil n₃And a resistor R10 for connecting the light-emitting current of the internal touch circuit and a second trigger input terminal (V) of the core device HAKM_i2) The luminous current of the internal bottom-protection circuit is connected through the resistors R9 and R10, when the luminous current of the touch circuit in the HAKM core device is balanced with the luminous current of the bottom-protection circuit, the light (G) can be emitted to control the continuous rectification of the optical control rectifier bridge in the HAKM core device, the driving voltage source is continuously output, the J coil of the external relay is electrified and attracted, and the two pairs of normally open contacts are closed and locked in a power transmission standby state. Therefore, the secondary coil n of the core device HAKM of the zero-sequence current transformer H can not be opened in the standby state₃And the resistors R8, R9 and R10 are necessary external conditions for the light emitting diode in the core device HAKM to switch on the light emitting current.

5. The safety protection principle is as follows: in accordance with the principle of preventing runaway, it is foreseen that: if two input ends (V) of the HAKM core device are connected_i1、V_i2) R8, R9, R10 and zero sequence current transformer H secondary coil n₃When an open circuit occurs at any place, no light is maintained in a core device HAKM, and finally the relay J is in power-off protection safety; if two input ends (V) of core device HAKM_i1、V_i2) Or a short circuit occurs at two ends of a capacitor C8, or a secondary coil n of a zero-sequence current transformer H₃The two ends of the relay are short-circuited, so that the internal bottom-preserving luminescence of a core device HAKM is unbalanced, photoelectric feedback interlocking is triggered, so that luminescence cannot be maintained, and finally, the relay J is in power-off protection safety; if two AC input ends (V) of core device HAKM_S1、V_S2) Push-between and push-up drive output (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The occurrence of short circuit or open circuit at any place between the two leads to the fact that the relay J is necessarily powered off and protected safely; if PTC thermistor, fuse RD, resistor R7 andany open circuit fault of the voltage reduction capacitor C9 leads to the safe power-off protection of the relay J; if the piezoresistor YR or the resistor R6 is in open circuit, the power failure is not caused, but the runaway failure is not caused, if the piezoresistor YR is in short circuit, the voltage loss of the voltage reduction capacitor C9 is inevitably caused to ensure the power failure protection safety, and if the resistor R6 and the voltage reduction capacitor C9 are inevitably caused to cause the overvoltage protection in the core device HAKM to be in power failure, the safety is ensured.

Seventhly, the specific description of the technical scheme used in the attached figure 7:

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a 2 nd practical circuit of a true safety protection earth leakage protector using the circuit of FIG. 1 as a core device, which includes a zero sequence current transformer H, an execution circuit, an AC power supply overvoltage protection and voltage reduction circuitThe technical characteristics are as follows: the device also comprises a core device HAKM, a sensitivity and bottom-preserving setting circuit and a connection mode thereof; the zero sequence current transformer H1 is composed of a primary coil n₁And n₂And a secondary coil n₃The actuating circuit comprises a starting button QD and a relay J1, the relay J1 comprises a coil sleeve iron core and two groups of normally open contacts, the alternating current power supply overvoltage protection and voltage reduction circuit comprises a piezoresistor YR1, resistors R16 and R17, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, a fuse RD and a voltage reduction capacitor C19, the sensitivity and bottom protection setting circuit comprises a capacitor C18, resistors R18 and R19, the core device HAKM is an anti-runaway must-safety driving circuit HAKM shown in the attached figure 1 and comprises the attached figures 2 to 5 and a circuit which is equivalent to the attached figures in function; the circuit connection mode is as follows: the primary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H1₁And n₂A parallel winding and a secondary winding n₃Single winding on the same electromagnet core and its primary winding n₁Connected in series to an AC load line L₁And L₂Primary winding n₂Connected in series to an AC load line N₁And N₂Secondary winding n₃The terminal a of (a) is connected with one terminal of the resistor R18 and the secondary coil n₃Is connected with one end of the capacitor C18 and the AC load line N₂The other ends of the resistor R18 and the capacitor C18 are connected with the alternating current power supply input end (V) of the core device HAKM_S1) One end of a piezoresistor YR1, the other end of the piezoresistor YR1 and one end of a resistor R17 are connected with one ends of a voltage-reducing capacitor C19 and a resistor R16, and the other ends of the voltage-reducing capacitor C19 and the resistor R16 are connected with an alternating current power supply input end (V) of a core device HAKM_S2) A fuse RD is connected between the other end of the resistor R17 and one end of the PTC thermistor PTC, and the other end of the PTC thermistor PTC is connected with an AC load line L₂One end of the resistor R19 is connected with a first trigger input end (V) of the HAKM_i1) The other end of the resistor R19 is connected with a second trigger input end (V) of the HAKM_i2) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) Two ends of the coil in the relay J1 are separately bridged on the push-up driving output end (V) of the core device HAKM_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The dead point of a group of normally open contacts in the relay J1 is connected with an alternating current power line L, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line L₁The dead point of another group of normally open contacts in the relay J1 is connected with an alternating current power line N, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line N₁Manually pressing the start button QD to make the AC power line L and the AC load line L₁Is turned on while the AC power line N and the AC load line N are connected₁Is also switched on.

The circuit of fig. 7 operates as follows:

1. the starting working principle is as follows: when the start button QD is pressed, the two sets of normally open contacts of the relay J1 connect the AC power from the power grid on the AC power lines L and N to the AC load line L₁And N₁Then passes through a primary coil n of a zero sequence current transformer H1₁、n₂To an ac load line L₂And N₂Upper, AC load line L₂The AC power supply is stepped down by PTC thermistor, fuse RD, resistor R17 and step-down capacitor C19, and then is supplied via AC load line L₅Input to the AC power input terminal (V) of the core device HAKM_S2) AC load line N₂The AC power supply passes through a secondary coil n of a zero sequence current transformer H1 connected in series₃And a resistor R18 to the AC power input terminal (V) of the HAKM_S1) Let the zero sequence current transformer H1 secondary coil n₃For connecting the core device HAKM with the AC power supply from the power grid, the voltage dependent resistor YR1 is connected across the input end (V) of the AC power supply_S1) The power supply side (the front end without voltage reduction) of the voltage reduction capacitor C19 is favorable for absorbing interference pulses of an alternating current power transmission network and giving consideration to overvoltage protection; after the core device HAKM obtains an alternating current power supply, a driving output end (V) is pushed up by the core device HAKM_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The coil of the external relay J1 (execution circuit) is attracted by the driving voltage (power source) which is continuously output, and the two pairs of normally open contacts of the relay J are the AC load line L₁And N₁Continuously connecting the AC power supply from the power grid to make the AC load line L₂And N₂And continuously as two AC input ends (V) of HAKM core device_S1、V_S2) The AC power supply after voltage reduction is input, so that the whole circuit of the anti-leakage protector is self-locked in a standby state of normal power-on work, and the AC power supply from a power grid is stably transmitted to a controlled load or an electric appliance.

2. Normal transmission principle: in the standby state, if the controlled alternating current load works normally, no electric leakage or electric shock occurs, and the zero sequence current transformer H1 passes through the primary coil n₁、n₂The alternating currents in the zero-sequence current transformer H1 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the magnetic flux induced in the iron core of the zero-sequence current transformer H1 is offset to zero, so that the secondary coil n of the zero-sequence current transformer H is arranged in the zero-sequence current transformer H₃No ac current or voltage signal is generated across, at which time the secondary winding n₃The a end of the transformer is connected with an alternating current power supply input end (V) of a core device HAKM through a series resistor R18_S1) Secondary winding n₃E terminal of the AC power supply is directly connected with an AC load line N₂In the method, an alternating current power supply from a power grid is connected to a core device HAKM; first trigger input terminal (V) of core device HAKM_i1) To pull-down drive output terminal (V)_DL) A series resistor R9 and a second trigger input terminal (V) of a core device HAKM_i2) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The direct connection has the functions of connecting a touch circuit and a bottom protection circuit in the core device HAKM to emit light, controlling the continuous rectification of a light-controlled rectifier bridge in the core device HAKM, continuously transmitting driving voltage (power source), enabling an external relay J1 (execution circuit) coil to be electrified and attracted, and closing two pairs of normally open contacts and locking the normally open contacts in a standby state of power transmission. Therefore, the standby state of the core device HAKM is not opened yet, and the secondary coil n of the zero-sequence current transformer H is opened₃And a resistor R18 is a core device HAKM for connecting an alternating current power supply from a power grid and can not be disconnected with two input ends (V)_i1、V_i2) The necessary external conditions of the light-emitting current are switched on for a touch circuit and a bottom protection circuit in the core device HAKM.

3. The principle of electric leakage protection: if the controlled AC load generates electric leakage or electric shock, the primary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H1₁、n₂In which a residual current (by means of unbalanced alternating currents) is generated, the residualThe current generates induction flux in the iron core of the zero sequence current transformer H1, so that the secondary coil n₃Generates an induced ac current or voltage signal at the secondary winding n₃When the terminal a is positive, the capacitor C18 is charged through the resistor R18, the potential of the capacitor C18 rises, and the AC power input terminal (V) of the HAKM core device is enabled_S1) Preventing or reducing push-up drive output (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The driving voltage is used for reducing the internal luminescence of the core device HAKM to a certain degree, triggering the internal photoelectric feedback of the core device HAKM to generate interlocking and non-luminescence, controlling the internal light-operated rectifier bridge to stop rectification, and ensuring that the driving voltage (power source) disappears, so that the external relay J coil is not electrically released, the two pairs of normally open contacts thereof can surely cut off the alternating current power supply and always maintain the power-off state, and the power can not be restored artificially, therefore, the electric leakage or the electric shock can be protected normally, the electric consumers can avoid the danger, and the life of the electric consumers can be ensured to be surely safe.

4. The principle of preventing runaway: because relay J actuation circular telegram relies on the inside light-operated rectifier bridge rectification of core device HAKM and output drive voltage to maintain, and drive voltage relies on the inside light-operated of core device HAKM to maintain, and inside light-operated lets the luminous current route unblocked to maintain again by inside and the outside of core device HAKM, can know from this: if all maintenance processes or any one link is blocked or interrupted, the relay J is released to be powered off as a result, which is a unique principle and method for preventing various faults from being out of control and losing efficacy and ensuring that the safety protection control function is certainly effective.

5. The safety protection principle is as follows: in accordance with the principle of preventing runaway, it is foreseen that: if two input ends (V) of the HAKM core device are connected_i1、V_i2) And a resistor R19, or a zero-sequence current transformer H1 secondary coil n₃And the resistor R18, which are open, can cause no light to be maintained inside the core device HAKM, and finally, the relay J1 is safe for power failure protection; if two input ends (V) of core device HAKM_i1、V_i2) Short circuit occurs, which causes the core device HThe internal bottom-preserving light emission of the AKM is unbalanced, so that photoelectric feedback interlocking is triggered to cause that the light emission cannot be maintained, and finally, the relay J is in power-off protection safety; if two AC input ends (V) of core device HAKM_S1、V_S2) Open or short circuit, or push-up of the drive output (V)_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The occurrence of an open circuit or a short circuit leads the relay J1 to be surely protected safely by power failure; if any one of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, the fuse RD, the resistor R17 and the voltage reduction capacitor C19 has an open circuit fault, the relay J is caused to be safe in power-off protection; if the voltage dependent resistor YR1 or the resistor R16 is in open circuit, power failure is not caused, but runaway cannot be caused, if the voltage dependent resistor YR1 is in short circuit, the voltage reduction capacitor C19 is inevitably subjected to voltage loss to protect safety of power failure, and if the resistor R16 and the voltage reduction capacitor C19 are inevitably subjected to short circuit, overvoltage protection in a core device HAKM is inevitably subjected to power failure, so that safety is ensured. As the secondary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H in the technical scheme of FIG. 7₃And the capacitor C18 cannot utilize the second trigger input (V) of the core device HAKM_i2) The inner protection bottom has the function of preventing loss control if a secondary coil n of a zero sequence current transformer H₃Or the capacitor C18 is short-circuited across it, which may result in the leakage protection function being disabled. If the distance between the two ends of the external sensor HGX and the capacitor C18 is greatly increased during process design, the short-circuit chance is avoided, and the failure of short-circuit fault can also be avoided.

6. The principle of overheat protection: if the overvoltage and voltage reduction circuit is short-circuited, the fuse RD can be fused through the overheat of large current, so the technical scheme of the figure 7 also has the function of short-circuit prevention protection. If the contact resistance of the connecting terminal or the pin or the jack on the AC power supply side and/or the AC load side is too large, the large heat is generated when the large current passes, the temperature rise is too high, the resistance value of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC is increased rapidly to the equivalent insulation resistance, the AC power supply of the step-down circuit is blocked, and the two AC input ends (V) of the core device HAKM are connected with the AC power supply through the voltage-reducing circuit_S1、V_S2) When the AC power supply is lost, the relay J is forced to cut off the AC load line L₂And N₂The technical scheme of fig. 7 also has the function of self-overheating prevention protection, so that the danger of fire caused by thermal control failure is avoided.

It can be seen that, in the technical scheme of fig. 7, because the anti-runaway must-be-installed driving circuit HAKM is used as the core device, and only the connection mode between the leakage signal and the core device HAKM is not good enough, not only can the safety protection control be performed on the leakage or electric shock of the controlled load during normal operation, but also when multiple abnormal faults occur in the controlled load or the controlled load is extremely overheated, the control of multiple faults can be basically prevented, the safety protection control function can be ensured to be normal and effective, the relay is forced to reliably cut off the alternating current power supply of the controlled load, the danger can be avoided for the power consumer, and the life safety of the power consumer is basically ensured. Therefore, the technical scheme of fig. 7 also belongs to a true security leakage protector.

In summary, the idea and method of the invention adopts the photoelectric device to form the transparent, simple and ingenious photoelectric feedback interlocking touch control circuit to detect the leakage signal and the light-operated rectifying bridge type driving circuit to drive the relay, and the unique principle is that the photoelectric signal is used for keeping the on-state smoothly, the leakage signal is used for preventing the smooth on-state of the photoelectric signal to carry out power-off protection, so that the photoelectric feedback interlocking touch control circuit is just suitable for preventing the smooth on-state of the photoelectric signal to cause power-off when any abnormal open circuit or short circuit fault occurs in the photoelectric touch control driving circuit system, and the failure caused by the out-of-control of. The safety protection method avoids the potential safety hazard that the traditional method is triggered by amplifying a leakage signal to impact a tripping action to cut off a power supply to carry out safety protection and lose effectiveness due to failure out of control; in addition, the conventional backup method has a limit to improve the reliability because the multi-stage series control finally causes the runaway and the failure if the multi-stage series control fails, and the problem cannot be solved fundamentally. The invention can completely prevent various failures from being out of control and losing effect only by a single level of photoelectric control driving system, completely solves the problems and has obvious technical progress and obvious technical advantages. Obviously, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is completely different from the current leakage protector, so that the safety effect of the invention can be definitely expected to meet the extremely high requirement: the safety protection device can completely and truly prevent various faults from being out of control, prevent the leakage protection function from being invalid, completely eliminate fatal hidden dangers, avoid false safety state, perfect and realize the safety protection control function which is certainly effective, and ensure the life of the user to be surely safe. The invention has extremely high safety effect, important life-saving value and social benefit, and can promote the upgrading of the national technical standard in the technical field beyond the international standard.

Claims

1. An anti-runaway must ampere driving circuit HAKM is characterized in that: the device comprises a photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) and a light control bridge type driving circuit (8); a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_i1) A second trigger input end (V) for connecting and detecting the output signal of the peripheral sensor and the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_i2) A high-order photoelectric control end (V) for peripherally arranging a bottom-protecting limit and a photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) Adapted to the first trigger input (V) when a resistor or a varistor or a voltage-stabilizing device is connected in series between_i1) The input signal amplitude is very strong, and the high-order photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_C1) And a low level photoelectric control terminal (V)_C2) Is adapted to the first trigger input (V) when idle_i1) The input signal amplitude is very weak, light (G) emitted by the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) irradiates a photosensitive device of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8) and is used for controlling the power-on or power-off of a controlled rectifier bridge in the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8), and the positive power input end of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) (ii) a A pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) And a push-up drive output (V)_DT) The external actuator can be connected between the light-operated bridge type driving circuit and the controlled electrical appliance to control the work of the controlled electrical appliance, and the alternating current power supply input end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_S1) N for connecting or inputting low-voltage AC power supply₂Input terminal (V) of AC power supply for an optically controlled bridge driver circuit (8)_S2) L for connecting or inputting low-voltage AC power supply₅A pole;

2. A runaway proof safety drive circuit HAKM as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 2WD2, a resistor 2R1, a voltage dependent resistor 2YR1, photoresistors 2GR1 and 2GR2 and a starting capacitor 2C2, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 to 2DK4, diodes 2D1 to 2D6, a voltage stabilizing diode 2WD1, resistors 2R2, 2R3 and 2R5, a voltage dependent resistor 2YR2, a photoresistor 2GR3, a starting capacitor 2C3 and an electrolytic capacitor 2C 1; the anode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier 2DK1 and the cathode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier 2DK4 in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) are connected with the anode of the diode 2D5 and one end of the piezoresistor 2YR2 to be used as the input end of an alternating current power supply (V)_S1) The anode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK2 and the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK3 are connected with the anode of the diode 2D6, the other end of the piezoresistor 2YR2 and one end of the resistor 2R5 to be used as alternating current input ends (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 2R5 is used as an input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S2) The connection point of the two cathodes of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK1 and 2DK2 connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD1 and the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor 2C1 is used as the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The connection point of the two anodes of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers 2DK3 and 2DK4, which is connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD1 and the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor 2C1, is used as the pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) The control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK1 is connected with the cathode of the diode 2D1, the control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK2 is connected with the cathode of the diode 2D2, the control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK3 is connected with the cathode of the diode 2D3, the control electrode of the unidirectional thyristor 2DK4 is connected with the cathode of the diode 2D4, the two anodes of the diodes 2D3 and 2D4 are connected with one end of the resistor 2R3, the other end of the resistor 2R3 is connected with the resistor 2R2, the photoresistor 2GR3 and one end of the starting capacitor 2C3, the other end of the resistor 2R2 is connected with the two anodes of the diodes 2D1 and 2D2, and the photoresistor 2GRThe other end of the 3 and the other end of the starting capacitor 2C3 are connected with the two cathodes of the diodes 2D5 and 2D 6; one end of the piezoresistor 2YR1 in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with an upper push driving output end (V)_DT) The other end of the piezoresistor 2YR1 is connected with the photoresistor 2GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 2C2, and the other end is used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C1) The other end of the photoresistor 2GR1 is connected with one end of the photoresistor 2GR2, the other end of the photoresistor 2GR2 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 2C2 and the two anodes of the light-emitting diodes 2LED1 and 2LED2, and the two anodes of the two ends of the photoresistor 2GR2 are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The cathode of the light emitting diode 2LED1 is connected with one end of the resistor 2R1, and the other end of the resistor 2R1 is used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) to the outside_i1) The cathode of the light emitting diode 2LED2 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD2, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 2WD2 is used as a second trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) to the outside_i2) (ii) a Or replacing the voltage dependent resistor 2YR1 with a zener diode having its cathode connected to the push-up driving output (V)_DT) The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a high-order photoelectric control end (V)_C1) Or a fixed value resistor or a piezoresistor is respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the starting capacitor 2C 2;

3. A runaway proof safety drive circuit HAKM as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 3WD2, a resistor 3R1, a voltage dependent resistor 3YR1, light dependent resistors 3GR1 and 3GR2 and a starting capacitor 3C2, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises a triode 3VT 1-3 VT4 or a field effect transistor, diodes 3D 1-3D 4, a voltage stabilizing diode 3WD1, resistors 3R2 and a starting capacitor 3C23R5, a voltage dependent resistor 3YR2, a photoresistor 3GR3, a starting capacitor 3C3 and an electrolytic capacitor 3C 1; one end of two emitters of triodes 3VT1 and 3VT4 in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) is connected with a voltage dependent resistor 3YR2 and is used as an alternating current power supply input end (V)_S1) The emitters of the transistors 3VT2 and 3VT3 are connected with the other end of the voltage dependent resistor 3YR2 and one end of the resistor 3R5 to be used as alternating current input ends (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 3R5 is used as an input end (V) of an alternating current power supply_S2) The connection point of the two collectors of the triodes 3VT1 and 3VT2 and one end of the voltage dependent resistor 3YR1 connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD1 and the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor 3C1 is used as the push-up driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The connection point of two collectors of the triodes 3VT3 and 3VT4 connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD1 and the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor 3C1 is used as the pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) The base of the triode 3VT1 is connected with the anode of the diode 3D1, the base of the triode 3VT2 is connected with the anode of the diode 3D2, the base of the triode 3VT3 is connected with the cathode of the diode 3D3, the base of the triode 3VT4 is connected with the cathode of the diode 3D4, the cathodes of the diodes 3D1 and 3D2 are connected with one end of a resistor 3R2, the other end of the resistor 3R2 is connected with one end of a photosensitive resistor 3GR3 and one end of a starting capacitor 3C3, and the other ends of the photosensitive resistor 3GR3 and the starting capacitor 3C3 are connected with the anodes of the diodes 3D3 and 3D 4; one end of the piezoresistor 3YR1 in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with an upper push driving output end (V)_DT) The other end of the piezoresistor 3YR1 is connected with the photoresistor 3GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 3C2, and the other end is used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C1) The other end of the photoresistor 3GR1 is connected with one end of the photoresistor 3GR2, the other end of the photoresistor 3GR2 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 3C2 and the two anodes of the light-emitting diodes 3LED1 and 3LED2, and the two anodes of the two ends of the photoresistor 3GR2 are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The cathode of the light emitting diode 3LED1 is connected with one end of the resistor 3R1, and the other end of the resistor 3R1 is used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_i1) The cathode of the light emitting diode 3LED2 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD2, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 3WD2 is used as a second trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) to the outside_i2) (ii) a OrThe voltage-regulator diode replaces the voltage-dependent resistor 3YR1, and the negative electrode of the voltage-regulator diode is connected with the push-up driving output end (V)_DT) The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a high-order photoelectric control end (V)_C1) Or a fixed value resistor or a piezoresistor is respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the starting capacitor 3C 2;

4. A runaway proof safety drive circuit HAKM as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 4LED1 and 4LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3, a resistor 4R1, an adjustable resistor 4RT, a photosensitive resistor 4GR1 and a starting capacitor 4C2, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises diodes 4D1 and 4D2, a voltage stabilizing diode 4WD1, an electrolytic capacitor 4C1, starting capacitors 4C5 and 4C6, photosensitive unidirectional thyristors 4GD1 and 4GD2, a resistor 4R5 and a piezoresistor 4YR 2; the positive electrode of a photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD1 and the negative electrode of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD2 in the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8) are connected with the starting capacitors 4C5 and 4C6 and one end of a piezoresistor 4YR2 are used as the input end of an alternating current power supply (V)_S1) The anode of the diode 4D1 and the cathode of the diode 4D2 are both connected with the other end of the piezoresistor 4YR2 and one end of the resistor 4R5 to be used as alternating current input ends (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 4R5 is used as an input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S2) The negative electrode of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD1, the negative electrode of the diode 4D1 and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD1 are connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor 4C1 and the connecting point of the other end of the starting capacitor 4C6 to be used as a push-up driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The positive pole of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 4GD2, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD1 and the positive pole of the diode 4D2 are connected with the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor 4C1 and the connection point of the other end of the starting capacitor 4C5 to be used as a pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) (ii) a AC power supplyInput terminal (V)_S1) The end a of the external sensor is connected, and the end e of the external sensor is connected with the N of the low-voltage alternating-current power supply₂A pole; or the adjustable resistor 4RT is replaced by an external sensor, and the a end of the external sensor is connected with the connection point (V) of the resistor 4R1 and the adjustable resistor 4RT_i1) The e end of the external sensor is connected with a pull-down driving output end (V)_DL) (ii) a The negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3 in the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) is connected with the upper push driving output end (V)_DT) The positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode 4WD3 is connected with the positive electrode of the light emitting diode 4LED1, the negative electrode of the light emitting diode 4LED1 is connected with the positive electrode of the light emitting diode 4LED2, the negative electrode of the light emitting diode 4LED2 is connected with the photoresistor 4GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 4C2, and the ends are used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) from outside_C1) The other end of the photosensitive resistor 4GR1 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 4C2 and one end of the resistor 4R1, and the other end and the one end of the resistor are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The other end of the resistor 4R1 is connected with one end of the adjustable resistor 4RT to be used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_i1) One end of the adjustable resistor 4RT is connected with a pull-down driving output end (V)_DL) (ii) a Or the voltage-dependent resistor is used to replace the voltage regulator diode 4WD3, or a constant value resistor or a voltage regulator diode is respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the starting capacitor 4C2, the cathode of the voltage regulator diode is connected with the cathode of the light emitting diode 4LED2, and the anode of the voltage regulator diode is connected with the low-level photoelectric control end (V)_C2)；

5. A runaway proof safety drive circuit HAKM as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) comprises light emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2, a voltage stabilizing diode 5WD2, a resistor 5R1, a voltage dependent resistor 5YR1, photosensitive resistors 5GR1 and 5GR2, a starting capacitor 5C2 and a light emitting diode in a photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, and the light control bridge type driving circuit (8) comprises two light emitting diodesPole tubes 5D1 and 5D2, a voltage stabilizing diode 5WD1, an electrolytic capacitor 5C1, starting capacitors 5C5 and 5C6, a photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD or a photosensitive diode, a photosensitive diode or a photosensitive unidirectional thyristor in a photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, a resistor 5R5 and a piezoresistor 5YR 2; the positive electrode of a diode 5D1 and the negative electrode of a diode 5D2 in the light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8) are connected with one end of a piezoresistor 5YR2 to be used as an alternating current power supply input end (V)_S1) In the photocoupler 5GDH1, the positive electrode of the photosensitive diode and the negative electrode of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD are connected with one end of a starting capacitor 5C5, 5C6 and a resistor 5R5 and the other end of a piezoresistor 5YR2 to be used as an alternating current input end (V)_S3) The other end of the resistor 5R5 is used as an input end (V) of the alternating current power supply_S2) The negative electrode of a photosensitive diode, the negative electrode of a diode 5D1 and the negative electrode of a voltage stabilizing diode 5WD1 in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 are connected with the positive electrode of an electrolytic capacitor 5C1 and the connecting point of the other end of a starting capacitor 5C6 to be used as a push-up driving output end (V) of a light-operated bridge type driving circuit (8)_DT) The positive pole of the photosensitive unidirectional thyristor 5GD, the positive pole of the diode 5D2 and the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode 5WD1 are connected with the negative pole of the electrolytic capacitor 5C1 and the connection point of the other end of the starting capacitor 5C5 to be used as a pull-down driving output end (V) of the light-controlled bridge type driving circuit (8)_DL) (ii) a One end of the piezoresistor 5YR1 is connected with a push-up driving output end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6)_DT) The other end of the piezoresistor 5YR1 is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, the cathode of the light emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1 is connected with the photoresistor 5GR1 and one end of the starting capacitor 5C2, and the two ends are used as a high-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) from outside_C1) The other end of the photoresistor 5GR1 is connected with one end of the photoresistor 5GR2, the other end of the photoresistor 5GR2 is connected with the other end of the starting capacitor 5C2 and the two anodes of the light-emitting diodes 5LED1 and 5LED2, and the two anodes of the two ends of the photoresistor 5GR2 are used as a low-level photoelectric control end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) outwards_C2) The cathode of the light emitting diode 5LED1 is connected with one end of the resistor 5R1, and the other end of the resistor 5R1 is used as a first trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch circuit (6) to the outside_i1) The cathode of the light emitting diode 5LED2 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode 5WD2, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode 5WD2 is used as a second trigger input end (V) of the photoelectric feedback touch control circuit (6) to the outside_i2) (ii) a Or replacing the voltage dependent resistor 5YR1 with a zener diode having its cathode connected to the push-up driving output (V)_DT) The positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the positive electrode of a light emitting diode in the photoelectric coupler 5GDH1, or two ends of the starting capacitor 5C2 are respectively connected with a constant value resistor or a piezoresistor in parallel;

6. The utility model provides a real security protection earth-leakage protector, includes zero sequence current transformer H, execution circuit, alternating current power supply overvoltage protection and step-down circuit, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a core device HAKM and a sensitivity and bottom-preserving setting circuit; the zero sequence current transformer H consists of a primary coil n₁And n₂And a secondary coil n₃And the electromagnetic iron core, the said executive circuit includes starting button QD and relay J, the relay J is formed by coil sleeve iron core and two sets of normally open contacts, the said alternating current power overvoltage protection and voltage dropping circuit includes varistor YR, resistance R6 and R7, positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, fuse RD, step-down capacitor C9, the said sensitivity and bottom setting circuit includes capacitor C8 and resistance R8, R9, R10, the said core device HAKM is to adopt a kind of anti-runaway must ampere driving circuit HAKM of claim 1, including claim 2 to claim 5 and its functional equivalent circuit; the circuit connection mode is as follows: the primary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H₁And n₂A parallel winding and a secondary winding n₃Single winding on the same electromagnet core and its primary winding n₁Connected in series to an AC load line L₁And L₂Primary winding n₂Connected in series to an AC load line N₁And N₂Secondary winding n₃The terminal a is connected to one end of a resistor R8,Secondary winding n₃Is connected with one end of a resistor R9 and one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R8 and one end of a capacitor C8 are connected with a first trigger input end (V) of a core device HAKM_i1) The other end of the resistor R9 and the other end of the capacitor C8 are both connected with a second trigger input end (V) of the core device HAKM_i2) The other end of the resistor R10 is connected with a pull-down driving output end (V) of a core device HAKM_DL) The alternating current power supply input end (V) of the core device HAKM_S1) Connecting AC load line N₂And one end of the piezoresistor YR, and an alternating current power supply input end (V) of the core device HAKM_S2) One end of a voltage reduction capacitor C9 and one end of a resistor R6 are connected, the other ends of the voltage reduction capacitor C9 and the resistor R6 are connected with the other end of a piezoresistor YR and one end of a resistor R7, a fuse RD is connected between the other end of a resistor R7 and one end of a positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC in series, and the other end of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC is connected with an alternating current load line L₂In the relay J, two ends of the coil are separately bridged on the push-up driving output end (V) of the core device HAKM_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The dead point of a group of normally open contacts in the relay J is connected with an alternating current power line L, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line L₁The dead point of another group of normally open contacts in the relay J is connected with an alternating current power line N, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line N₁Manually pressing the start button QD to make the AC power line L and the AC load line L₁Is turned on while the AC power line N and the AC load line N are connected₁Is also switched on.

7. The utility model provides a true security protection earth-leakage protector, includes zero sequence current transformer H1, execution circuit, alternating current power supply overvoltage protection and step-down circuit, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a core device HAKM, a sensitivity and bottom-preserving setting circuit and a connection mode thereof; the zero sequence current transformer H1 is composed of a primary coil n₁And n₂And a secondary coil n₃The AC power supply overvoltage protection and voltage reduction circuit pack comprises an execution circuit, wherein the execution circuit comprises a start button QD and a relay J1, the relay J1 comprises a coil sleeve iron core and two groups of normally open contacts, and the AC power supply overvoltage protection and voltage reduction circuit packThe device comprises a piezoresistor YR1, resistors R16 and R17, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, a fuse RD and a step-down capacitor C19, wherein the sensitivity and bottom setting circuit comprises a capacitor C18 and resistors R18 and R19, and the core device HAKM is an anti-runaway intrinsically safe driving circuit HAKM adopting the anti-runaway driving circuit of claim 1 and comprises the circuits of claims 2 to 5 and functional equivalents thereof; the circuit connection mode is as follows: the primary coil n of the zero sequence current transformer H1₁And n₂A parallel winding and a secondary winding n₃Single winding on the same electromagnet core and its primary winding n₁Connected in series to an AC load line L₁And L₂Primary winding n₂Connected in series to an AC load line N₁And N₂Secondary winding n₃The terminal a of (a) is connected with one terminal of the resistor R18 and the secondary coil n₃Is connected with one end of the capacitor C18 and the AC load line N₂The other ends of the resistor R18 and the capacitor C18 are connected with the alternating current power supply input end (V) of the core device HAKM_S1) One end of a piezoresistor YR1, the other end of the piezoresistor YR1 and one end of a resistor R17 are connected with one ends of a voltage-reducing capacitor C19 and a resistor R16, and the other ends of the voltage-reducing capacitor C19 and the resistor R16 are connected with an alternating current power supply input end (V) of a core device HAKM_S2) A fuse RD is connected between the other end of the resistor R17 and one end of the PTC thermistor PTC, and the other end of the PTC thermistor PTC is connected with an AC load line L₂One end of the resistor R19 is connected with a first trigger input end (V) of the HAKM_i1) The other end of the resistor R19 is connected with a second trigger input end (V) of the HAKM_i2) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) Two ends of the coil in the relay J1 are separately bridged on the push-up driving output end (V) of the core device HAKM_DT) And a pull-down driving output terminal (V)_DL) The dead point of a group of normally open contacts in the relay J1 is connected with an alternating current power line L, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line L₁The dead point of another group of normally open contacts in the relay J1 is connected with an alternating current power line N, and the moving point is connected with an alternating current load line N₁Manually pressing the start button QD to make the AC power line L and the AC load line L₁Is turned on while the AC power line N and the AC load line N are connected₁Is also switched on.