CN113090023A - Large-span steel beam hoisting construction method - Google Patents
Large-span steel beam hoisting construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113090023A CN113090023A CN202110349458.8A CN202110349458A CN113090023A CN 113090023 A CN113090023 A CN 113090023A CN 202110349458 A CN202110349458 A CN 202110349458A CN 113090023 A CN113090023 A CN 113090023A
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- steel beam
- cable
- hoisting
- elevation
- construction method
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/342—Structures covering a large free area, whether open-sided or not, e.g. hangars, halls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
Abstract
The invention relates to a large-span steel beam hoisting construction method, which comprises the following steps: positioning the lug plate to the elevation position of the steel beam to be hoisted; the steel beam passes through a plurality of guys for guiding, wherein a guy core is sleeved on a horizontal elevation of each guy corresponding to the elevation position; a plurality of winches for hoisting the steel beam are arranged on the top layer of the floor at intervals, and the winches on two sides of the middle winch at the middle position are symmetrically arranged; gradually starting the winch from the middle to the two sides, and enabling the winch to rise by a preset height each time; when the steel beam is hoisted to a cable core close to the corresponding horizontal elevation of the stay cable, correcting the horizontal state of the steel beam according to the horizontal elevation; connecting a stay cable and a steel beam at the horizontal elevation; and welding the steel beam and the lug plate. The invention adopts a plurality of groups of winches to hoist integrally and synchronously, and realizes the hoisting integrity and accuracy by multi-point positioning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to a construction method for hoisting a large-span steel beam.
Background
At present, with the rapid development of economy in China, the living standard of people is continuously improved, in order to meet the increasing material culture needs of people, public buildings often adopt a method of a large-span space structure to meet the requirements of use functions, and factory crane beams, glass curtain walls and the like of meeting rooms, movie theaters, medians, exhibition halls, industrial buildings of the public buildings mostly adopt large-span steel beam structures.
The steel beam structure generally divides the steel beam into a plurality of small sections in the hoisting process, and each section of the steel beam is hoisted to an adjacent construction area by utilizing a tower crane or a winch. The steel beam is positioned in sections in high altitude and then integrally welded, the integrity and the accuracy of the steel beam cannot be ensured by the on-site high altitude positioning welding, and the problem that the hoisting is not easy to position is easily caused in the hoisting process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for hoisting a large-span steel beam, which adopts a plurality of groups of winches to hoist integrally and synchronously and realizes hoisting integrity and accuracy by multi-point positioning.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme for solving the problems:
the application relates to a large-span steel beam hoisting construction method which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
positioning the lug plate to the elevation position of the steel beam to be hoisted;
the steel beam penetrates through a plurality of stay ropes for guiding, wherein a rope core is sleeved on a horizontal elevation of each stay rope, which corresponds to the elevation position;
a plurality of winches for hoisting the steel beam are arranged on the top layer of the floor at intervals, and the winches on two sides of the middle winch at the middle position are symmetrically arranged;
gradually starting the winch from the middle to the two sides, and enabling the winch to rise by a preset height each time;
when the steel beam is hoisted to a cable core which is close to the inhaul cable and corresponds to the horizontal elevation, correcting the horizontal state of the steel beam according to the horizontal elevation;
connecting the inhaul cable and the steel beam at the horizontal elevation;
and welding the steel beam and the lug plate.
In the present application, the distance between adjacent hoists located on both sides of the middle hoist is equal.
In this application the girder steel hoist to being close to correspond of cable during the cable core of level elevation, according to the level elevation, rectify the horizontality of girder steel specifically does:
when the steel beam is hoisted to a cable core which is close to the inhaul cable and corresponds to the horizontal elevation, the horizontal elevation is set by utilizing a level meter, and a winch corresponding to a non-horizontal position is inching to enable the steel beam to be in a horizontal state.
In this application, when hoist a plurality of girder steels to parallel interval each other, a plurality of girder steels are according to hoist and mount height from low to high perpendicular pile up, wherein press from both sides between the contact surface of two adjacent girder steels and be equipped with the protection shield.
In this application, according to each girder steel of hoist and mount height from high to low hoist and mount in proper order, and when hoist and mount were accomplished last girder steel, with last girder steel is operation platform, fixes a position the otic placode that is used for next girder steel.
In the present application, the protection plate is a tetrafluoroethylene plate.
In this application the horizontal elevation height is connected the cable with the girder steel specifically is:
and welding the inner wall of a guy cable hole of the steel beam for the guy cable to pass through by utilizing a rigging at the horizontal elevation, and limiting a guy cable core of the guy cable at the horizontal elevation to be positioned in the cavity of the rigging.
In the present application, the rigging comprises at least a first and a second discrete and symmetrical member, the first and second member being structurally identical, the first member comprising:
the inner diameter of the semicircular ring transverse plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the cable core;
the top end of the semi-arc side plate is vertically connected with the bottom surface of the semi-circular transverse plate, and the outer diameter of the cable core is smaller than the inner diameter of the semi-arc side plate;
when the first member with when the second member cooperates, the cable core at least part stretches into in the cavity that the semi-arc curb plate of first member and the semi-arc curb plate of second member enclose to support and lean on the semicircle ring diaphragm of first member the basal surface of semicircle ring diaphragm of second member, just the periphery lateral wall of the semicircle ring diaphragm of first member with the periphery lateral wall of the semicircle ring diaphragm of second member respectively with the cable hole inner wall welding of girder steel.
In this application, after welding the girder steel and otic placode, still include the following step:
and polishing the steel beam and the lug plate after full welding.
In the application, a carrying pole beam is arranged on the steel beam, and the steel wire rope of each winch hoists the steel beam through the carrying pole beam;
after the steel beam and the lug plate are welded, each winch discharges force, and then the carrying pole beam is dismantled.
The large-span steel beam hoisting construction method disclosed by the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the hoisting machines are gradually opened from the middle to the two sides, the hoisting machines are enabled to rise to a preset height every time, the whole steel beam is guaranteed to be synchronously and slowly hoisted, the hoisting stability is achieved, the horizontal state of the steel beam is corrected at the position close to the horizontal elevation, the accurate positioning of the final steel beam is guaranteed, and the appearance decoration effect of the steel beam is improved.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a large-span steel beam hoisting construction method provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a connection cross-sectional view of a rigging connection cable and a steel beam in an embodiment of a large-span steel beam hoisting construction method provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to realize the integral synchronous hoisting of the large-span steel beam, the application relates to a large-span steel beam hoisting construction method.
In the application, the hoisting construction method aims to solve the problem of realizing the integral synchronous hoisting of the steel beam with the span of 44 meters and the weight of about 16 tons at the high altitude of 167.5 meters to 199.05 meters, and the horizontal multi-point simultaneous positioning of the steel beam is also realized in the hoisting construction method.
Referring to fig. 1, the hoisting construction method is specifically explained.
Aiming at the same surface of the stay cable curtain wall, a plurality of steel beams with different hoisting heights are needed, and each steel beam is hoisted in the same hoisting mode.
S1: and positioning the lug plate to the elevation position of the steel beam to be hoisted.
After the hoisting of each steel beam is completed (namely, hoisting to the elevation position and being in the horizontal state), the steel beam needs to be welded to the ear plate of the main body structure to realize fixed support, and therefore, the ear plate needs to be fixed before hoisting.
In the application, the position of the ear plate is accurately positioned by using a total station, the ear plate is rechecked for the second time, and the ear plate is welded according to the drawing requirements.
S2: the steel beam passes through the direction of a plurality of guys, wherein the horizontal elevation of the corresponding elevation position of each guy is sleeved with a cable core.
Each steel beam can pass through the stay cable in the hoisting process, so that the stay cable can be tensioned before hoisting.
And the cable core is sleeved on the horizontal elevation corresponding to the elevation position of each steel beam, namely, the cable core is arranged between the positions of each cable corresponding to the steel beams hoisted at intervals.
The cable core is specifically an annular cylindrical cable core fixedly sleeved on the inhaul cable.
The cable core aims to connect the stay cable and the steel beam after the steel beam is hoisted in place.
The steel beam is provided with a carrying pole beam, and the steel beam is connected with a steel wire rope of a winch through the carrying pole beam to realize hoisting.
The order of S1 and S2 is not sequential, and the lug plate and the cable may be positioned with respect to the height position of the steel beam.
S3: a plurality of winches for hoisting steel beams are arranged on the top layer of the floor at intervals, and the winches on two sides of the middle winch in the middle position are symmetrically arranged.
And arranging a plurality of winches on the top layer of the floor slab, and resetting the number of the winches, the distance between every two adjacent winches and the rated load of the winches according to the length and the length of the steel beam.
In the present application, the steel beam as described above has a weight of 370kg/m in meters, a total length of 44m and a weight of about 16 tons.
16 winches were selected and the nominal load of each winch was 3 tonnes, thus about 1 tonne per winch.
And each winch adopts double steel wire ropes, the diameter of each steel wire rope is 15mm, a single steel wire rope can theoretically bear 3 tons, the stress of each steel wire rope does not exceed 600kG actually, and the stress requirement is completely met.
The hoist is placed on the top floor level using pedestals (e.g., welded from transverse/longitudinal i-beams) and secured using chemical anchors (e.g., M16 chemical anchors).
In this application, hoist engine symmetric distribution of hoist engine both sides in the middle of in order to ensure the girder steel level through many hoist engine hoist and mount girder steel.
For example, when the number of the windlasses is even 16, the two windlasses located in the middle are called middle windlasses, wherein the two windlasses on both sides are symmetrically distributed to the middle windlass.
For example, when the number of the winches is an odd number 15, the winch located at the middle is called a middle winch, and 7 winches at two sides are symmetrically distributed to the middle winch.
The symmetric distribution as described above includes two cases: (1) the distance between two adjacent winches on each side is different; (2) the distance between two adjacent winches on each side is the same.
In this application, the distance between two adjacent winches in all the winches is the same.
In order to avoid the abrasion of the steel wire rope of the winch, a hard PVC pipe with the diameter of 100 for example can be sleeved into a pre-opened floor hole, so that the steel beam can be conveniently hoisted.
When hoisting a plurality of girder steels on same face, according to the drawing, the girder steel is according to hoist and mount height from low to high perpendicular stacking in proper order, requires the cable hole that supplies the cable to pass of every girder steel at same vertical position, is convenient for wear the cable.
And a protective plate is clamped between the contact surfaces of the adjacent steel beams which are vertically stacked.
This protection shield can select multiple material, for example can be the polytetrafluoroethylene board, guarantees not to let its surface impaired because of the friction between the adjacent girder steel.
S4: and gradually opening the winch from the middle to the two sides, and enabling the winch to rise by a preset height every time.
The top surface of a floor where the winch is located is provided with a datum line, the winch is gradually started from the middle to two sides, and the steel beam is guaranteed not to rise more than a preset height, such as 15 cm.
Should predetermine the height should not be too big to guarantee the stable hoist and mount of girder steel.
In a previous test, how high the steel beam rises when the winch is started to hold for example for a few seconds is tested through a plurality of tests, and therefore, how long the winch is kept to hold each time and rise the steel beam is set by empirical values.
Keep the interval between two adjacent hoists in all hoists equal as above, can guarantee the stable hoist and mount to the girder steel, do benefit to the horizontality of correction girder steel.
S5: and when the steel beam is hoisted to the cable core close to the corresponding horizontal elevation of the stay cable, correcting the horizontal state of the steel beam according to the horizontal elevation.
As mentioned above, the elevation position to which the steel beam is hoisted is basically on the same horizontal line with the cable core on the cable at the horizontal elevation.
When the steel beam is hoisted upwards to the cable core close to the inhaul cable, the level gauge can be used for setting the horizontal elevation, the winch corresponding to the steel beam with a relatively low or higher position is inching, the positioning adjustment of multiple non-horizontal positions is realized, and the steel beam is slowly adjusted to be in a horizontal state.
It should be noted that, the place department of girder steel hoist and mount position and hoist engine position department respectively have a set of people to observe the synchronous condition, and everybody is furnished with the intercom, and every hoist engine all has the serial number, if discover the asynchronous condition, communicate the adjustment at any time.
For example, if there are 16 groups of windlasses working synchronously for each face, each face is divided into two groups of people, each group is, for example, 8, each person is at the position of the windlass and the steel beam, and each person controls 2 windlasses and uses an interphone to realize synchronous channel communication.
S6: and at the horizontal elevation, connecting the inhaul cable and the steel beam.
After the steel beam is adjusted to be in a horizontal state, the cable core of the inhaul cable and the steel beam are connected through the cable tool, and then the zipper and the steel beam are connected together.
Referring to fig. 2, a cross-sectional view of connecting a cable a and a steel beam B using rigging is shown.
After the steel beam B is adjusted to be in a horizontal state, the cable core C of the corresponding cable A is positioned in the cable hole 21 of the steel beam B for the cable A to pass through.
As mentioned above, the cable core C is an annular cylinder fixedly sleeved on the cable a.
The rigging includes at least a first member 22 and a second member 23 that are discrete and symmetrical.
The structure of the first member 22 will be described as an example.
The first member 22 includes a semi-circular cross plate 221 and semi-arcuate side plates 222.
The top end of the semi-arc side plate 222 is vertically connected with the bottom surface of the semi-circular cross plate 221.
The inner diameter r1 of the semi-circular cross plate 221 is smaller than the radius r2 of the cable core C, and the radius r2 of the cable core C is smaller than the inner diameter r3 of the semi-arc side plate 222.
That is, when the first member 22 and the second member 23 are engaged, the semicircular lateral plate 221 of the first member 22 and the semicircular lateral plate of the second member 23 form an entire circular ring, and the semicircular lateral plate 222 of the first member 22 and the semicircular lateral plate of the second member 23 form an entire hollow cylinder.
The inner diameter of the circular ring (i.e., r 1) is smaller than the radius r2 of the cord core C, and the radius r2 of the cord core C is smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder (i.e., r 3).
The first member 22 and the second member 23 of the rigging are respectively put into the cable hole 21 from above the cable hole 21, at this time, because the radius r2 of the cable core C is smaller than the inner diameter r3 of the hollow cylinder, the cable core C at least partially extends into the cavity D of the hollow cylinder and the top of the cable core C contacts with the bottom surface of the circular ring, and the peripheral side wall of the cable core C has a certain margin with the inner side wall of the hollow cylinder, so that the cable core C has a certain moving space in the cavity D for releasing the stress.
In order to realize the connection of the rigging and the steel beam B, the inner side wall of the cable hole 21 of each steel beam is coated with a metal material, so that a metal coating 24 with a certain thickness is formed around the inner side wall of the cable hole 21, and the outer circumferential side wall of the ring is conveniently welded on the metal coating 24.
In order to shield the cable hole 21, the rigging further comprises a third member 24 and a fourth member 25, and the third member 24 and the fourth member 25 are identical in structure.
The third member 24 and the fourth member 25 are each semicircular ring plates, and the inner diameter of the semicircular ring plates is substantially equal to the radius r4 of the cross section of the cable a.
When the third member 24 and the fourth member 25 are mated, the semicircular ring plate of the third member 24 and the semicircular ring plate of the fourth member 25 form an overall circular ring.
The inner diameter of the ring is substantially equal to the radius r4 of the cross section of the stay a.
The outer circumferential side wall of the third member 24 and the outer circumferential side wall of the fourth member 25 are welded to the metal coating 24 (e.g., on the portion of the metal coating 24 above the cord core C).
A fifth member 26 and a sixth member 27 may also be included, with the third member 24, the fourth member 25, the fifth member 26 and the sixth member 27 all being structurally identical to one another.
As described above, when the fifth member 26 and the sixth member 27 are mated, the semicircular ring plate of the fifth member 26 and the semicircular ring plate of the sixth member 27 form an entire circular ring.
The outer circumferential side wall of the fifth member 26 and the outer circumferential side wall of the sixth member 27 are welded to the metal coating 24 (e.g., on the portion of the metal coating 24 that is below the cord core C).
S7: and welding the steel beam and the lug plate.
And welding the steel beam and the lug plate to realize the fixation of the steel beam after hoisting.
And then, polishing the steel beam and the lug plate after full welding to reduce the stress.
And after the steel beam and the lug plate are welded, each winch unloads force, and the carrying pole beam on the steel beam can be detached at the moment.
After the last steel beam is finished, the steel beam is used as a construction operation platform, and the lug plate for the next steel beam is positioned and installed.
And then hoisting other steel beams by the same method as the hoisting construction method.
This application realizes whole synchronous hoist and mount girder steel through many hoists that set up, and hoist and mount are stable and the location is accurate, have solved the unstable and difficult problem of location of segmentation hoist and mount among the prior art.
In addition, this application has satisfied the requirement that the cable curtain wall is high to the girder steel accuracy, the wholeness is good, has satisfied the requirement that girder steel outward appearance decorative effect is good again, helps promoting indoor appearance design's aesthetic feeling.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hoisting construction method for a large-span steel beam is characterized by comprising the following steps:
positioning the lug plate to the elevation position of the steel beam to be hoisted;
the steel beam penetrates through a plurality of stay ropes for guiding, wherein a rope core is sleeved on a horizontal elevation of each stay rope, which corresponds to the elevation position;
a plurality of winches for hoisting the steel beam are arranged on the top layer of the floor at intervals, and the winches on two sides of the middle winch at the middle position are symmetrically arranged;
gradually starting the winch from the middle to the two sides, and enabling the winch to rise by a preset height each time;
when the steel beam is hoisted to a cable core which is close to the inhaul cable and corresponds to the horizontal elevation, correcting the horizontal state of the steel beam according to the horizontal elevation;
connecting the inhaul cable and the steel beam at the horizontal elevation;
and welding the steel beam and the lug plate.
2. The large-span steel beam hoisting construction method according to claim 1, wherein distances between adjacent hoists located at both sides of the middle hoist are equal.
3. The hoisting construction method for the large-span steel beam according to claim 2, wherein when the steel beam is hoisted to a cable core close to the cable corresponding to the horizontal elevation of the cable, the horizontal state of the steel beam is corrected according to the horizontal elevation, specifically:
when the steel beam is hoisted to a cable core which is close to the inhaul cable and corresponds to the horizontal elevation, the horizontal elevation is set by utilizing a level meter, and a winch corresponding to a non-horizontal position is inching to enable the steel beam to be in a horizontal state.
4. The hoisting construction method for the large-span steel beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the plurality of steel beams spaced in parallel are hoisted, the plurality of steel beams are vertically stacked from low to high according to the hoisting height, and a protective plate is clamped between the contact surfaces of two adjacent steel beams.
5. The hoisting construction method for the large-span steel beam according to claim 4,
and hoisting the steel beams in sequence from high to low according to the hoisting height, and positioning the lug plate for the next steel beam by taking the previous steel beam as an operation platform when the previous steel beam is hoisted.
6. The hoisting construction method for the large-span steel beam according to claim 4,
the protection plate is a tetrafluoroethylene plate.
7. The large-span steel beam hoisting construction method according to claim 1, wherein the stay cable and the steel beam are connected at the horizontal elevation, specifically:
and welding the inner wall of a guy cable hole of the steel beam for the guy cable to pass through by utilizing a rigging at the horizontal elevation, and limiting a guy cable core of the guy cable at the horizontal elevation to be positioned in the cavity of the rigging.
8. The hoisting construction method for the large-span steel beam according to claim 7,
the rigging includes at least first and second discrete and symmetrical members of identical construction, the first member including:
the inner diameter of the semicircular ring transverse plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the cable core;
the top end of the semi-arc side plate is vertically connected with the bottom surface of the semi-circular transverse plate, and the outer diameter of the cable core is smaller than the inner diameter of the semi-arc side plate;
when the first member with when the second member cooperates, the cable core at least part stretches into in the cavity that the semi-arc curb plate of first member and the semi-arc curb plate of second member enclose to support and lean on the semicircle ring diaphragm of first member the basal surface of semicircle ring diaphragm of second member, just the periphery lateral wall of the semicircle ring diaphragm of first member with the periphery lateral wall of the semicircle ring diaphragm of second member respectively with the cable hole inner wall welding of girder steel.
9. The hoisting construction method for the large-span steel beam according to claim 1, wherein after the steel beam and the lug plate are welded, the method further comprises the following steps:
and polishing the steel beam and the lug plate after full welding.
10. The large-span steel beam hoisting construction method according to claim 1, wherein a carrying pole beam is arranged on the steel beam, and the steel wire rope of each winch hoists the steel beam through the carrying pole beam;
after the steel beam and the lug plate are welded, each winch discharges force, and then the carrying pole beam is dismantled.
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| 鲁开明等: "《大跨空间钢结构施工关键技术 以南京青奥体育公园为例》", 31 December 2017, 镇江：江苏大学出版社 * |
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|---|---|
| CN113090023B (en) | 2023-03-17 |
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