CN113080825A

CN113080825A - Stable mouth gag

Info

Publication number: CN113080825A
Application number: CN202110449127.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张文杰; 祁轩宇; 孙宁佳; 杨光正
Original assignee: Ninth Peoples Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
Current assignee: Ninth Peoples Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
Priority date: 2021-04-25
Filing date: 2021-04-25
Publication date: 2021-07-09

Abstract

The invention discloses a stable mouth gag, which comprises a lingual frame structure for separating a lingual body, a buccal frame structure for supporting buccal soft tissues to be far away from dentition, and a connecting part for connecting the lingual frame structure and the buccal frame structure; the mouth gag is of a U-shaped structure, and in a use state, an arc part of the mouth gag protrudes towards the oral cavity; the connecting part comprises a fixed tray arranged at the foot end of the U-shaped structure, is used for accommodating premolar teeth or cuspid teeth, protrudes towards the other foot end of the U-shaped structure, is provided with a plurality of through holes and is used for filling impression materials; the connecting part is also provided with a dentition groove for accommodating a posterior dentition area. By placing the dentition troughs in the posterior dental region, the premolars or canines are placed in a fixed tray filled with impression material, the patient's interocclusal distance can be stably opened. The invention is also provided with a fixed hook for placing a surgical tool or a tongue baffle for blocking the tongue from approaching the posterior teeth.

Description

Stable mouth gag

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a stable mouth gag.

Background

With the increasing demand of people for oral medical treatment and the development of oral clinical medicine, clinically, an oral physician is required to finish auxiliary work such as opening, drawing, saliva sucking and the like in the treatment process by a single person due to limited intraoral operating space and the lack of oral assistant physicians or nurses, and particularly, the problem that the operating difficulty is increased, the treatment efficiency is reduced, the occurrence rate of medical errors is increased and the like is caused because the lower teeth are normally contacted and attached with buccal mucosa and tongue. In addition, the traditional metal jaw type mouth gag has large volume, complex structure, difficult operation, instable installation, obstruction of oral treatment operation and inconvenient disinfection, limits the use frequency of doctors and is easy to increase the physiological and psychological pressure of patients.

The invention CN202022181141.1 provides an oral cavity tongue-blocking and lip-protecting mouth gag, which achieves the purpose of opening and protecting the tongue body and the lips at the same time by arranging an oral cavity expanding part, a tongue-blocking part and a connecting part, but still can not solve the problem that an oral cavity doctor lacks assistance when operating by a single person; during the operation, the mouth gag may still move or shift in the patient's mouth due to lack of stability, and even fall out of the patient's mouth, causing the operation to fail; the invention CN202010452008.7 provides a negative pressure mouth gag and a using method thereof for oral cavity medical treatment, which can absorb the tooth debris generated by the treatment of flying foam, flying saliva and root canal in the oral cavity of a patient, but the tooth debris is prevented from being treated by the treatment of posterior teeth due to the larger volume and the installation in the front of the oral cavity, and the blocking effect to the tongue part is lacked, so the universality in the oral cavity treatment is lacked.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an mouth gag, which can more simply and stably open the oral cavity of a patient, isolate the tongue body and the buccal mucosa, fully expose the posterior teeth and create a space for oral treatment operation in the using process.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a stable mouth gag comprising a lingual frame structure for spacing apart a lingual body, a buccal frame structure for supporting buccal soft tissues away from a dentition, and a connecting portion for connecting the lingual frame structure and the buccal frame structure;

the mouth gag is of a U-shaped structure, and in a use state, an arc part of the mouth gag protrudes towards the oral cavity; the connecting part comprises a fixed tray arranged at the foot end of the U-shaped structure, is used for accommodating premolar teeth or cuspid teeth, protrudes towards the other foot end of the U-shaped structure, is provided with a plurality of through holes and is used for filling impression materials; the connecting part is also provided with a dentition groove for accommodating a posterior dentition area.

Preferably, the fixed tray is inclined 10 to 40 degrees to the oral cavity to fit the angle of the open posterior dentition.

Preferably, the section of the fixed tray is trapezoidal, the upper bottom of the trapezoid is close to one side of the other support leg of the U-shaped structure, the length of the trapezoid is 5-30mm, and the thickness of the trapezoid is 1-3 mm; the length of the two sides of the trapezoid is 10-20mm, and the included angle between the two sides and the lower bottom is 15-60 degrees.

Preferably, the dentition cavities are symmetrically arranged in two.

Preferably, the tongue-retaining plate is connected with the tongue-side frame structure, two tongue-retaining plates are symmetrically arranged, and in a use state, the tongue body can slide to the bottom of the mouth along the direction from the tongue-retaining plates to the alveolar bone root.

Preferably, the dentition cavities are one provided to accommodate the posterior dental area of the lower teeth.

Preferably, the tongue-shaped retaining plate further comprises two tongue retaining plates respectively connected with the tongue-side frame structure and the cheek-side frame structure, and in a use state, the tongue body can slide to the bottom of the mouth along the tongue retaining plates towards the alveolar bone root.

Preferably, the lingual frame structure and the buccal frame structure are provided with fixing hooks for mounting a therapeutic appliance; the fixed hook is arranged corresponding to the dentition groove; the section of the fixed hook is arc-shaped, the diameter of the fixed hook is 5-15mm, and the thickness of the fixed hook is 1-3 mm.

Preferably, the tongue baffle is of an arc structure, and the arc length of the cross section of the tongue baffle is 10-20 mm; the thickness of the tongue blocking plate is 1-3 mm.

Preferably, the distance between two legs of the U-shaped structure is 30-60 mm; the thickness of the lingual frame structure is 5-15 mm; the dentition groove is in an elliptical arc shape, the length of the dentition groove is 20-50mm, and the width of the dentition groove is 5-25 mm.

The invention has the technical effects that:

(1) the fixed tray can be matched with a common impression material in the department of stomatology, so that the mouth gag is tightly and stably combined with the tooth body, and the elasticity of the solidified impression material can relieve the pressure born by premolar or cuspid periodontal tissues, thereby avoiding potential damage to the periodontal tissues caused by long-time treatment;

(2) the dentition groove designed by the invention can completely expose dentition while opening the inter-jaw distance, and effectively isolate soft tissues at the buccolingual side by matching with a frame structure, thereby maximally preserving an operation space for oral treatment;

(3) the fixing hook structure can be used for placing appliances such as a saliva absorbing pipe, a moisture insulation cotton roll and the like according to treatment needs, so that the influence of placing and moving the appliances on the operation process in the treatment operation is avoided;

(4) the invention has certain elasticity, can deform according to the size of the occlusal force of a patient, avoids the damage to periodontal tissues caused by overlarge occlusal force while ensuring the opening degree, and can be adapted to patients with different opening degrees.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2a is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2b is a top view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2c is a left side view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of embodiment 4 of the present invention

In the figure, 1-lingual frame structure, 2-connecting part, 3-buccal frame structure, 4-fixing hook, 5-dentition groove, 6-fixing tray, 7-tongue baffle.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a stable mouth gag comprising a lingual frame structure 1 for spacing the lingual body, a buccal frame structure 3 for supporting the buccal soft tissue away from the dentition, and a connecting part 2 for connecting the lingual frame structure 1 and the buccal frame structure 3. The lingual frame structure 1 is convex toward the lingual side in the use state. The buccal frame structure 3 is shaped like the lingual frame structure 1 and is convex to the buccal side in the use state, and the center of the buccal frame structure 3 can also be used to accommodate movement of a turbine handpiece or other medical instrument. The connecting portion 2 can connect the lingual frame structure 1 and the buccal frame structure 3 to stabilize the mouth gag.

The mouth gag is of a U-shaped structure, and in a use state, an arc part of the mouth gag protrudes towards the oral cavity; the distance between the two legs of the U-shaped structure is 30-60mm, and the U-shaped structure can be respectively designed into three sizes of 30-40mm, 40-50mm and 50-60mm according to different opening degrees of patients. Connecting portion 2 is including locating the fixed tray 6 of U type structure leg end for hold preceding molar or cuspid, and it is outstanding to the direction of another leg end of U type structure, and set up a plurality of through-holes, when using, fills the impression material in the through-hole, treats that the impression material solidifies the back, and whole mouth gag can stably set up in patient's oral cavity. The connecting part is also provided with a dentition groove 5 for accommodating a posterior dentition area. The dentition groove 5 is in an elliptical arc shape, the length is 20-50mm, and the width is 5-25 mm. The fixed tray 6 is inclined 10-40 degrees towards the oral cavity so as to fit the angle of the dentition.

Example 1

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, 2a, 2b and 2c, the cross section of the fixing tray 6 is arranged as a trapezoid, the upper bottom of the trapezoid is close to the inner side of the U-shaped structure, the length is 5-30mm, and the thickness is 1-3 mm; the length of the two sides of the trapezoid is 5-20mm, and the included angle between the two sides and the lower bottom is 15-60 degrees. The width of the top surface of the fixed tray 6 is 5-15 mm. In this example, the dentition cavities 5 are symmetrically arranged in two, are respectively used for accommodating the posterior tooth areas of the upper teeth and the lower teeth, are in an elliptical arc shape, have the length of 20-50mm and the width of 5-25 mm. Four fixing hooks 4 are respectively arranged on the lingual frame structure 1 and the buccal frame structure 3, and the fixing hooks 4 are arranged corresponding to the positions of the two dentition cavities 5 and are used for installing therapeutic equipment, such as stably installing a saliva suction pipe and a moisture insulation cotton roll. The section of the fixed hook 4 is arc-shaped, the diameter is 5-15mm, and the thickness is 1-3 mm. In the stable mouth gag of this example, the lingual frame structure 1 is thickened to a thickness of 5-15mm compared to the buccal frame structure 3. The tongue body is effectively separated in the treatment process through thickening design, so that the tongue body is prevented from interfering treatment; the thickening design can also enhance the resistance performance of the whole device and promote the maximum occlusal force born by the mouth gag.

Example 2

Fig. 3 provides a mandibular specific stable mouth gag with only one dentition recess 5 provided to accommodate the posterior dental area of the lower teeth. Replacing the dentition grooves 5 corresponding to the upper teeth in example 1 with a longer fixing tray 6 having a curvature close to the compensation curve of the upper jaw enables a larger contact area with the posterior maxillary teeth after filling the impression material, thereby further enhancing the stability of the mouth gag. In this example, the lingual frame structure 1 and the buccal frame structure 3 are symmetrical and have the same thickness so that the mouth gag can be used on both the left and right sides.

In order to prevent the tongue body of a patient with a large tongue body from influencing the operation, the invention also provides a stable mouth gag comprising the tongue baffle plate.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 4, the tongue-retaining plate 7 is disposed on the lingual frame structure 1 of embodiment 1, and after contacting the tongue-retaining plate 7, the tongue body of the patient will slide along the surface of the tongue-retaining plate 7 toward the root of the alveolar bone until the tongue body stays at the bottom of the mouth, thereby further limiting the influence of the movement of the tongue body in the oral treatment operation on the treatment. Two tongue baffles 7 are symmetrically arranged on the tongue side frame structure 1 so as to be used on the left and the right. Meanwhile, the tongue baffle 7 also has the function similar to that of the fixing hook 4, and a saliva suction pipe or a cotton roll can be directly plugged into the tongue baffle 7 to clamp a treatment tool.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 5, tongue retainers 7 are provided to the lingual frame structure 1 and the buccal frame structure 3 according to example 2, and can be used for mandibular oral treatment of patients with enlarged tongue bodies. One tongue retainer 7 is provided on each of the lingual frame structure 1 and the buccal frame structure 3 for left-right versatility.

The using method of the invention comprises the following steps: before the oral treatment operation is started, a small amount of impression materials such as silicon rubber and the like are prepared to fill the fixed tray, a patient is ordered to open a mouth greatly, the dentition groove of the mouth gag is aligned to the upper dentition and the lower dentition, the mouth is pushed into the mouth in the direction parallel to the dentition until the premolar or cuspid tooth is embedded in the impression materials, and the tail end of the dentition groove is contacted with the rear cushion of the molar. At this time, the patient is ordered to relax, and the whole device reaches a stable state after the impression material is solidified and can be used for subsequent treatment operation. In order to enhance the stability and reduce the stimulation to soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity, the edge of the dentition socket can be simultaneously coated with a silicon rubber or alginate mold-taking material before installation, and a buffer zone which is completely attached to the tissues in the oral cavity can be formed after the dental socket is in place, so that the stability and the comfort of a patient are enhanced.

Preferably, the invention selects materials with good biological safety, such as stainless steel, titanium alloy or hard plastics.

In summary, the stable mouth gag provided by the present invention comprises a buccal side frame structure, a lingual side thickened frame structure, a connecting portion, a fixing hook, an alveolus dentis and a fixing tray. Clinically, the dentition troughs are placed in the posterior dental area, and the premolars or cuspids are placed in the fixed tray filled with impression materials, so that the interocclusal distance of a patient can be stably opened. And the frame structure has certain elasticity, can adapt to the opening degree of different patients on the premise of not damaging soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity, and can stably install the saliva suction tube and the moisture-proof cotton roll on the fixed hook.

While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.

Claims

1. A stable mouth gag comprising a lingual frame structure for spacing the lingual body, a buccal frame structure for supporting buccal soft tissue away from the dentition, and a connecting portion for connecting the lingual and buccal frame structures;

2. The stable mouth gag of claim 1 wherein the holding tray is angled within the mouth between 10 and 40 degrees to conform to the angle of the open posterior dentition.

3. The stable mouth gag of claim 1 wherein the fixed tray is trapezoidal in cross-section with the upper base of the trapezoid being the side near the other leg of the U-shaped structure, 5-30mm in length and 1-3mm in thickness; the length of the two sides of the trapezoid is 10-20mm, and the included angle between the two sides and the lower bottom is 15-60 degrees.

4. The stable mouth gag of claim 1 wherein said dentition cavities are symmetrically arranged in two.

5. The stable mouth gag of claim 4 further comprising two tongue baffles connected to the lingual frame structure, wherein in use the tongue body can slide along the tongue baffles towards the alveolar bone root to the bottom of the mouth.

6. The stable mouth gag of claim 1 wherein one of said dentition cavities is provided to receive the posterior dental area of the lower teeth.

7. The stable mouth gag of claim 6 further comprising two tongue baffles connected to the lingual and buccal frame structures, respectively, along which the tongue body can slide to the floor of the mouth in the direction of the alveolar bone root in use.

8. The stable mouth gag of claim 4 or 6 wherein the lingual and buccal frame structures are provided with fixation hooks for mounting a therapeutic device; the fixed hook is arranged corresponding to the dentition groove; the section of the fixed hook is arc-shaped, the diameter of the fixed hook is 5-15mm, and the thickness of the fixed hook is 1-3 mm.

9. A stable mouth gag as claimed in claim 5 or 7 characterised by the fact that the tongue baffle is of an arc configuration with an arc length of 10-20mm in cross-section; the thickness of the tongue blocking plate is 1-3 mm.

10. The stable mouth gag of claim 1 wherein the distance between the legs of the U-shaped structure is 30-60 mm; the thickness of the lingual frame structure is 5-15 mm; the dentition groove is in an elliptical arc shape, the length of the dentition groove is 20-50mm, and the width of the dentition groove is 5-25 mm.