CN113077221A - Transportation information binding method, transportation information binding device and transportation system - Google Patents
Transportation information binding method, transportation information binding device and transportation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a transportation information binding method, a transportation information binding device and a transportation system, all identifiers in a combined image are identified by acquiring the combined image of a transportation device and a transported object, a code set is generated based on the identified identifiers, the code set is classified according to a preset classification rule to obtain a first code of the transportation device and a second code of the transported object, the first code and the second code are bound, the information of the transportation device and the transported object carried by the transportation device is acquired simultaneously in a visual identification mode, the instability of identification of identity information of the transportation device is avoided, the information binding process between the transportation device and the transported object is simplified, and the correct binding efficiency of the information between the transported object and the transportation device can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of information processing technologies, and in particular, to a transportation information binding method, a transportation information binding apparatus, and a transportation system.
Background
In the current field of automation logistics, information binding between goods and transportation devices plays an important role in tracking goods distribution information of the goods. The information binding mode is usually that the identity of a certain position on the line body of the express sorting assembly line is identified, the identity information of the transportation device which scans the cargo information on the code scanning platform is deduced through an algorithm by combining the moving speed of the line body, and therefore the information binding between the cargo and the transportation device is completed. The correct binding of information between the cargo and the transporter in this manner is inefficient because of the instability inferred by the algorithm.
Aiming at the problem of low information correct binding efficiency between the goods and the transportation device in the field of automatic logistics at present, an effective solution is not provided yet.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a transportation information binding method, a transportation information binding device and a transportation system, and aims to at least solve the problem that correct information binding efficiency between goods and the transportation device is low in the related technology.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transportation information binding method, where the method includes the following steps:
acquiring a combined image of the transport device and the transported object;
identifying all identifiers in the combined imaging and generating a code set based on the identified identifiers;
classifying the code set according to a preset classification rule to obtain a first code of the transportation device and a second code of the transported object;
binding the first code and the second code.
In some embodiments, the identifying all identifiers in the combined imaging and generating the encoding set based on the identified identifiers comprises:
inputting the combined imaging into a preset identification model to obtain all identifiers in the combined imaging;
and analyzing all identifiers in the combined imaging to generate the code set.
In some of these embodiments, the identifier comprises a barcode and a two-dimensional code.
In some embodiments, the binding the first code and the second code comprises:
and establishing a mapping relation for the first code and the second code, and storing the first code and the second code according to the mapping relation.
In some of these embodiments, the acquiring of combined images of the transporter and the transported object includes the steps of:
and when the transported object is carried by the transporting device and moves to a preset scanning place, acquiring the combined imaging.
In some embodiments, the encoded information is a character string code, and the preset classification rule includes an encoding rule of the character string code.
In some of these embodiments, the transporting device is a sorting cart and the transported object is a good to be sorted.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transportation information binding apparatus, including an imaging acquisition module, a coding module, a classification module, and a binding module;
the imaging acquisition module is used for acquiring combined imaging of the transportation device and the transported object;
the coding module is used for identifying all identifiers in the combined imaging and generating a coding set based on the identified identifiers;
the classification module is used for classifying the code set according to a preset classification rule to obtain a first code of the transportation device and a second code of the transported object;
the binding module is configured to bind the first code and the second code.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transportation system, where the transportation system includes a transportation device, a scanning device, and the transportation information binding device of the second aspect;
the transportation device is provided with at least one transported object, identifiers are arranged on the transportation device and the transported object, and the transported object is fixed on the transportation device according to a preset rule so that all the identifiers can be captured by the scanning device;
the scanning device is used for scanning the transporting device and the transported object when the transporting device carries the transported object to reach a preset scanning position, so as to obtain a combined image of the transporting device and the transported object;
the transportation information binding device and the scanning device perform data transmission through a wireless module, and are used for executing the transportation information binding method of the first aspect.
In some of these embodiments, identifiers are provided at least two different locations on the transporter.
In some embodiments, the transportation system further includes a code scanning table, and the preset scanning position is a position of the code scanning table in the transportation system.
In some embodiments, the code scanning stage and the scanning device are fixedly arranged relative to each other.
According to the transportation information binding method, the transportation information binding device and the transportation system, all identifiers in the combined image are identified by obtaining the combined image of the transportation device and the transported object, the code set is generated based on the identified identifiers, the code set is classified according to the preset classification rule to obtain the first code of the transportation device and the second code of the transported object, the first code and the second code are bound, the information of the transportation device and the transported object carried by the transportation device is simultaneously obtained in a visual identification mode, the instability of identification information of the transportation device is avoided, the information binding process between the transportation device and the transported object is simplified, and therefore the efficiency of correct information binding between the transported object and the transportation device can be improved.
The details of one or more embodiments of the application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below to provide a more thorough understanding of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an application environment of a transportation information binding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a transportation information binding method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a transportation information binding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transport system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of operation of a transport in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided in the present application without any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present application. Moreover, it should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the specification. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms referred to herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Reference to "a," "an," "the," and similar words throughout this application are not to be construed as limiting in number, and may refer to the singular or the plural. The present application is directed to the use of the terms "including," "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof, which are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; for example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules (elements) is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Reference to "connected," "coupled," and the like in this application is not intended to be limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Reference herein to "a plurality" means greater than or equal to two. "and/or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, meaning that three relationships may exist, for example, "A and/or B" may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Reference herein to the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not denote a particular ordering for the objects.
Fig. 1 is an application environment diagram of a transportation information binding method in an embodiment provided in the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the application environment includes a transporting device 101, transported objects 102, a scanning device 103, and a server 104, wherein the transporting device 101 carries at least one transported object 102 and moves on a sorting line, a plurality of two-dimensional codes are pasted on the transporting device 101, and bar codes are pasted on the transported objects 102 as identifiers of the transporting device 101 and the transported objects 102, respectively. The scanning device 103 is used for performing imaging capture on the transport device 101 and the transported object 102 arriving at the code scanning table to obtain combined imaging of the transported object 102 carried by the transport device 101. The server 104 receives the combined image acquired by the scanning device 103 through the network, identifies all identifiers in the combined image, generates a code set based on the identified identifiers, classifies the code set according to a preset classification rule to obtain a first code of the transportation device 101 and a second code of the transported object 102, and finally binds the first code and the second code.
The embodiment provides a transportation information binding method, as shown in fig. 2, including the following steps:
step S210, a combined image of the transport device and the transported object is obtained.
The transport device is loaded with transported objects for sorting and distributing goods, and a plurality of identifiers are arranged in blank areas on the transport device and represent unique identity information of the transport device. For example, this conveyer can be for the letter sorting dolly that carries out the letter sorting to goods in the letter sorting system, and the identifier of this letter sorting dolly is printed in the surface many places of this letter sorting dolly, can avoid goods on this letter sorting dolly because factors such as volume or locating place cause the problem of sheltering from to the identifier of letter sorting dolly to be convenient for follow-up to this letter sorting dolly identification information's discernment. Similarly, the transported object is also attached with an identifier for representing the unique identity information of the transported object. The transported object may be a goods to be sorted in the sorting system, or a logistics package to be distributed before logistics transportation.
In addition, the combined imaging of the transport device and the transported object includes imaging of the transport device and the transported object captured by the scanning device when the transported object is carried by the transport device and moved. Wherein the transported object may be affixed to the transporter according to predetermined rules such that the transported object and the identifier on the transporter are simultaneously present in the combined image of the transporter and the transported object. For example, when the transported object is a single object, the position of the transported object can be adjusted so that the scanning device performs image capture on the transported object, and the area on which the identifier is pasted is opposite to the scanning device. When the transported objects are multiple, the transported objects can be orderly stacked, and the areas of the transported objects, to which the identifiers are attached, are in the same orientation, so that the transported objects are prevented from mutually shielding the identifiers. In particular, the scanning device may be a camera capable of high resolution imaging of the object, such as a code scanning camera, the combination being imaged as a high resolution image containing the transported object carried by the transport device.
The step carries out imaging capture on the moving transporting device and the transported object carried on the transporting device, can simultaneously obtain combined imaging with identifiers of the transporting device and the transported object, realizes simultaneous acquisition of identifier information of the transporting device and the transported object, and compared with the prior art that identity information of a sorting trolley is identified by an algorithm, the combined imaging in the step is a representation of an actual transporting scene, instability of algorithm identification can be reduced, and accuracy of data acquisition is improved.
In step S220, all identifiers in the combined image are identified, and a code set is generated based on the identified identifiers.
Specifically, all identifiers in the combined imaging can be any identification code containing encoded information, such as a two-dimensional code, a bar code, and a number sequence. The code set is a set of a plurality of codes containing the identity information of the transportation device and the identity information of the transported object. The code can be the permutation and combination of numbers, letters and special symbols, and the code set at least comprises a code of a transportation device and a code of at least one transported object.
Different types of identifiers may set different identification means. For example, when the identifiers set on the transportation device and the transported object are barcodes, the identifiers in the combined image of the transportation device and the transported object can be identified by using barcode identification software to obtain a plurality of codes of the combined image, so as to form a code set. When the identifiers arranged on the transportation device and the transported object are two-dimensional codes, the code set of the combined imaging can be obtained through a two-dimensional code identification technology. When the identifier is a digital sequence, an image segmentation technique in the field of image recognition technology may be used to segment all digital sequences in the combined image, and the image signals of the plurality of digital sequences are converted into specific digital sequences, so as to obtain the encoded set of the combined image.
The method comprises the steps of identifying all identifiers in the combined imaging, obtaining a code set of the transport device and the transported object, and not needing to additionally arrange other equipment for identifying the identity information of the transport device and the transported object respectively, so that the cost of binding the transport information is reduced.
And step S230, classifying the code set according to a preset classification rule to obtain a first code of the transportation device and a second code of the transported object.
The preset classification rule can be a code generation rule of the transportation device and the transported object. The first code is used for representing the identity information of the transportation device, and the second code is used for representing the identity information of the transported object. In generating the first code for the transport device and the second code for the transported object, different generation rules may be set for the first code and the second code in order to be able to distinguish between the two in terms of the code rule. For example, the first code and the second code may be distinguished by setting different code lengths, different permutation orders, different permutation combinations, and the like for the first code and the second code. After all identifiers in the combined image are identified and a code set is generated based on the identified identifiers, a classification model or a judgment model can be established based on the generation rule, and the code set is input into the classification model or the judgment model to analyze and process the code set, so that a first code of the transportation device and a second code of the transported object are obtained respectively.
In addition, the preset classification rule can also be a classification rule obtained by training a trained deep learning algorithm model, and a classified training set with labels is input into the algorithm model in a training stage and is continuously trained, so that the algorithm model can accurately classify an input coding set to obtain a first code of the transportation device and a second code of the transported object.
The step classifies the code set according to the preset classification rule, the first code of the transport device and the second code of the transported object in the combined imaging can be obtained respectively, and the first code and the second code belong to the same code set, so that the first code and the second code can be determined to correspond to the transport device in actual transportation and the transported object carried on the transport device, and the first code and the second code do not need to be matched additionally, and the information processing efficiency after the identity recognition is improved.
Step S240, binding the first code and the second code.
Specifically, after the first code and the second code are successfully identified, a mapping relationship between the first code and the second code may be established, and binding and storing may be performed in a corresponding system server. For example, corresponding encoded data is written in a table corresponding to the two types of codes in the database, and a corresponding mapping field is added in the table, so that the first code and the second code are stored in the database in an associated manner.
According to the steps, all identifiers in the combined image are identified by obtaining the combined image of the transporting device and the transported object, a code set is generated based on the identified identifiers, the code set is classified according to a preset classification rule to obtain a first code of the transporting device and a second code of the transported object, the first code and the second code are bound, information of the transporting device and the transported object carried by the transporting device is obtained simultaneously in a visual identification mode, instability of identification of identity information of the transporting device is avoided, the information binding process between the transporting device and the transported object is simplified, and therefore the efficiency of correct binding of the information between the transported object and the transporting device can be improved.
Further, in one embodiment, based on the step S220, identifying all identifiers in the combined image, and generating the encoding set based on the identified identifiers, includes the following steps:
step S221, inputting the combined image into a preset recognition model to obtain all identifiers in the combined image.
Specifically, the identification model may be software code running in the server and set based on the corresponding identification rule, or may be an identification model provided in the identification device corresponding to the identifier. All the identifier information in the combined imaging is obtained by reading the image information of the combined imaging and extracting the image area of the identifier according to the corresponding identification rule. Wherein, the image processing technology can be combined to identify and position the identifier image area in the combined imaging according to the specific locator or the texture feature of the identifier. The specific recognition model can be predetermined according to the requirements of the actual application scenario.
It should be noted that all identifiers in the combined imaging may be any one of a barcode, a two-dimensional code, and a digital sequence, or a combination of these identifiers, for example, the identifier of the transportation device is a barcode, and the identifier of the transported object is a two-dimensional code. In addition, the identifier can be adhered to the surfaces of the transporting device and the transported object, and can also be printed or engraved on the surfaces of the transporting device and the transported object.
The combined imaging is input into a preset identification model, all identifiers in the combined imaging can be obtained, and therefore the image information of the combined imaging can be analyzed into a set of identifier information, and a data source is provided for subsequent identifier analysis.
In step S222, all the identifiers in the combined image are analyzed to generate a code set.
For example, when the identifier includes a two-dimensional code, the two-dimensional code may be identified by image processing or a code scanning gun using a QR code identification technique or another two-dimensional code identification technique. When the identifier contains a barcode, all barcodes in the combined image can be acquired by using specific barcode recognition software or a barcode scanner.
In addition, step S221 and step S222 may be executed successively in different devices or modules, or may be executed collectively by using a specific software module or a specific device, which is not limited in this application.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the identifier includes a barcode and a two-dimensional code.
Additionally, in one embodiment, based on the step S240, the binding the first code and the second code includes the following steps:
step S241, a mapping relationship is established for the first code and the second code, and the first code and the second code are stored according to the mapping relationship.
Specifically, the mapping relationship between the first code and the second code may be an association field set in a database, or a key value pair cached in a server, and when there are a plurality of transported objects on the transportation device, the mapping relationship is one-to-many. And storing the mapping relation between the first code and the second code, namely realizing the binding of the first code and the second code, thereby realizing the binding of the transportation information.
Additionally, in one embodiment, based on the step S210, acquiring a combined image of the transportation device and the transported object includes the following steps:
and step S211, when the transport device carries the transported object and moves to a preset scanning place, acquiring the combined imaging.
Specifically, since the scanning range of the scanning device is limited and the scales of different transportation scenes are different, in order to improve the accuracy of the scanning device in capturing the combined image, a scanning location may be preset, and when the transportation device carries the transported object and moves to the scanning location, the scanning device is used to capture the combined image. For example, the scanning location may be a code scanning table in the sorting system, under which the combined image is captured by the scanning device as the transport device passes. The scanning device and the preset scanning place can be set separately, or the scanning device can be directly set in the scanning place, and only the scanning device needs to be changed to capture the combined image and clearly capture all identifiers in the combined image.
In one embodiment, the encoded information is a character string code, and the preset classification rule includes an encoding rule of the character string code.
Additionally, in one embodiment, the transport device is a sorting cart and the transported object is a good to be sorted.
The steps are that all identifiers in the combined imaging are obtained by inputting the combined imaging into a preset identification model, all identifiers in the combined image are analyzed to generate all code sets, the code sets are obtained according to the combined image representing the actual transportation scene, the accuracy of code acquisition is improved, by establishing a mapping relationship for the first code and the second code and storing the first code and the second code according to the mapping relationship, thereby realizing the binding storage of the first code and the second code, improving the stability of the information binding of the first code and the second code, when the transporting device carries the transported object and moves to a preset scanning place, the combined image is obtained, therefore, the precision of the scanning device for obtaining the combined image is improved, the cost of binding the transportation information is finally reduced, and the accuracy and the stability of binding the transportation information are improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a transportation information binding apparatus 30 is provided, including an imaging acquisition module 32, an encoding module 34, a classification module 36, and a binding module 38;
an imaging acquisition module 32 for acquiring a combined image of the transporter and the transported object;
an encoding module 34 for identifying all identifiers in the combined image and generating an encoded set based on the identified identifiers;
the classification module 36 is configured to classify the code set according to a preset classification rule to obtain a first code of the transportation device and a second code of the transported object;
a binding module 38 for binding the first code and the second code.
The transportation information binding device 30 identifies all identifiers in the combined image by acquiring the combined image of the transportation device and the transported object, generates a code set based on the identified identifiers, classifies the code set according to a preset classification rule to obtain a first code of the transportation device and a second code of the transported object, binds the first code and the second code, and acquires the information of the transportation device and the transported object carried by the transportation device in a visual identification manner, so that instability of identification of the identity information of the transportation device is avoided, and the process of information binding between the transportation device and the transported object is simplified, thereby improving the efficiency of correct information binding between the transported object and the transportation device.
In an embodiment, the encoding module 34 is further configured to input the combined image into a preset identification model, obtain all identifiers in the combined image, and parse all identifiers in the combined image to generate an encoding set.
In one embodiment, the identifier includes a barcode and a two-dimensional code.
In an embodiment, the binding module 38 is further configured to establish a mapping relationship between the first code and the second code, and store the first code and the second code according to the mapping relationship.
In one embodiment, the imaging acquiring module 32 is further configured to acquire a combined image when the transporting device carries the transported object and moves to a preset scanning location.
In one embodiment, the encoded information is a character string code, and the preset classification rule includes an encoding rule of the character string code.
In one embodiment, the transport device is a sorting cart and the transported objects are goods to be sorted.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a transportation system 40 is provided, the transportation system 40 including a transportation device 42, a scanning device 44, and the transportation information binding device 30 described above. The transportation device is provided with at least one transported object, identifiers are arranged on the transportation device and the transported object, and the transported object is fixed on the transportation device according to a preset rule so that all the identifiers can be captured by the scanning device. The scanning device is used for scanning the transporting device and the transported object when the transporting device carries the transported object to reach a preset scanning position, and combined imaging of the transporting device and the transported object is obtained. The transportation information binding device and the scanning device perform data transmission through the wireless module, and are used for executing the transportation information binding method in the embodiment.
The transportation device 42 may be equipped with a single transported object or a plurality of transported objects, and identifiers may be provided at a plurality of positions on the transportation device 42, so as to avoid the problem that the identifiers on the transportation device 42 cannot be identified due to the identifiers of the transported objects blocking the transportation device 42. In addition, the transported object is fixed to the transporting device 42 according to a preset rule, there is no relative displacement between the transported object and the transporting device 42, and the identifier on the transported object can be successfully captured by the scanning device.
Specifically, the scanning device 44 is fixedly disposed at a position of the transportation system, when the transportation device 42 carries the transported object to a preset scanning position, the scanning device 44 scans the transportation device 42 and the transported object to obtain a combined image of the transported object carried by the transportation device 42, and the combined image includes a plurality of identifiers. Wherein the preset scanning position is within the scanning range of the scanning device 44, so as to ensure the accuracy of the combined imaging acquired by the scanning device 44.
The transportation information binding apparatus 30 is specifically installed in one or more servers, and receives the image data transmitted by the scanning apparatus 44 and executes the transportation information binding method in the above embodiment to bind the transportation apparatus 42 and the transported object information.
The transportation system 40 includes a transportation device 42, a scanning device 44, and the transportation information binding device 30 of the above embodiment, where at least one transported object is loaded on the transportation device 42, identifiers are set on the transportation device 42 and the transported object, the transported object is fixed on the transportation device 42 according to a preset rule, so that all the identifiers can be captured by the scanning device 44, the scanning device 44 is configured to scan the transportation device 42 and the transported object when the transportation device 42 carries the transported object to a preset scanning position, so as to obtain a combined image of the transportation device 42 and the transported object, the transportation information binding device 30 and the scanning device 44 perform data transmission through a wireless module, and are configured to perform the transportation information binding method of the above embodiment, so as to avoid instability of identification information of the transportation device 42, and the process of information binding between the transporting device 42 and the transported object is simplified, so that the efficiency of correct information binding between the transported object and the transporting device 42 can be improved.
Additionally, in one embodiment, identifiers are provided at least two different locations on transporter 42.
Specifically, multiple identifiers may be printed or affixed in a scattered manner in blank areas outside of the cargo area of transporter 42. For example, when the transport 42 is a sorter car and the scanning device 44 is positioned above the sorting cross-belt, identifiers can be provided in the empty areas of the sorter car horizontal surface to be captured by the scanning device above when the sorter car passes a predetermined scanning position.
In one embodiment, the transportation system further comprises a code scanning table, and the preset scanning position is the position of the code scanning table in the transportation system.
In one embodiment, the code scanning stage and the scanning device 44 are fixedly disposed relative to each other.
The transportation system 40 sets identifiers at least two different positions of the transportation device 42 to avoid the problem that the identifier on the transportation device is blocked by the transported object and the identifier of the transportation device cannot be identified, and when the transportation system includes the code scanning platform, the preset scanning position is set as the position of the code scanning platform in the transportation system, so that when the transported object is scanned for identity, the transported object and the transportation information of the transportation device 42 are bound at the same time. And the code scanning stage is fixedly positioned relative to the scanning device 44 to improve the clarity of the combined imaging acquisition and the integrity of the identifier.
For specific definitions of embodiments of the transport system, reference may be made to the above definitions of the scanning method, which are not described in further detail herein.
Additionally, as shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, based on the above-mentioned transportation system 40, the transportation device 42 is a sorting cart, the transported object is an article to be sorted, and the scanning device 44 is a camera scanner, there is provided a transportation operation method, including the steps of:
step S510, when the goods to be sorted carried by the sorting trolley are moved to a code scanning platform of the sorting system, a code scanning camera fixedly arranged above the code scanning platform is utilized to obtain combined imaging of the sorting trolley and the goods to be sorted;
step S520, the transportation information binding device 30 is used to receive the combined image, identify the two-dimensional code of the sorting cart and the barcode of the goods to be sorted, obtain the first code of the sorting cart and the second code of the goods to be sorted, and bind the first code and the second code.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
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