CN113075566A - Lithium-ion power battery lithium-separation detection method - Google Patents

Lithium-ion power battery lithium-separation detection method Download PDF

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CN113075566A
CN113075566A CN202110629260.5A CN202110629260A CN113075566A CN 113075566 A CN113075566 A CN 113075566A CN 202110629260 A CN202110629260 A CN 202110629260A CN 113075566 A CN113075566 A CN 113075566A
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battery
lithium
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capacity
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匡柯
任东生
沈腾腾
李立国
戴锋
华剑锋
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Sichuan New Energy Vehicle Innovation Center Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/389Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4285Testing apparatus
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and discloses a lithium analysis detection method for a lithium ion power battery, which comprises the following steps: charging the battery to be tested, standing the battery to be tested after charging to obtain a voltage differential curve of the battery in standing time, and judging whether the battery separates lithium or not according to the voltage differential curve of the battery; collecting the capacity C of the battery to be tested before testing0And capacity after standing C1Comparing the two to obtain the capacity decay rate deltaC of the battery, and judging whether the battery separates lithium according to the capacity decay rate; the detection method can effectively solve the problems that the detection accuracy is not high when the relaxation battery curve differential detection method is adopted for detection, the detection time is shortened due to long detection timeThe problem of detection accuracy is influenced, the accuracy and the detection efficiency of lithium ion battery lithium separation detection can be effectively improved, the detection method is simple, the operation is convenient, and the detection cost can be greatly reduced.

Description

Lithium-ion power battery lithium-separation detection method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a lithium analysis detection method for a lithium ion power battery.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have been widely used in various electronic products as a portable mobile power source with high efficiency and low pollution. In addition, the lithium ion battery has the characteristics of high specific energy, long service life and the like, and becomes a key factor applied to new energy automobiles.
The phenomenon of lithium separation is a common phenomenon of a lithium ion battery under the conditions of low-temperature and high-rate charging, and is represented by that a large amount of lithium metal is attached to the surface of a negative electrode. The reason for lithium separation is that the lithium ion battery undergoes polarization inside the battery after being charged at a high rate and a low temperature, and a large amount of lithium ions are reduced to lithium metal and attached to the surface of the negative electrode. The occurrence of the phenomenon of lithium precipitation has great influence on the service life and safety of the battery, on one hand, available lithium is reduced after a large amount of lithium ions are precipitated, and the capacity of the battery is reduced; on the other hand, the precipitated lithium metal forms lithium crystal branches which can pierce the diaphragm to cause short circuit of the battery, so that the lithium precipitation becomes an essential part in the safety research of the battery.
At present, a common lithium analysis detection method is used for detecting through a battery disassembly mode, and although the detection mode is simple and visual, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed, the efficiency is low, and the cost is high. Judging lithium analysis by representing the relationship between the second derivative of the electric quantity to the voltage and the voltage through a discharge voltage fluctuation curve; or by establishing a plane coordinate, drawing a lithium analysis boundary curve of the relation between the lithium ion battery capacity and the internal resistance in the plane coordinate, converting the actual internal resistance and the actual capacity into coordinate points, translating the coordinate points to the same graph, and comparing the position relation of the two points to judge whether the battery to be tested analyzes lithium. Although the detection method can realize the detection of the lithium deposition of the battery under the condition of not disassembling the battery, the detection method has the problems of low detection accuracy and complicated detection method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a lithium ion power battery lithium analysis detection method aiming at the problems of low detection accuracy and complex detection method in the existing lithium ion power battery lithium analysis detection method, so as to realize accurate and rapid detection of lithium ion battery lithium analysis.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the lithium ion power battery lithium analysis detection method comprises the following steps:
s10, charging the battery to be tested, standing the battery to be tested after charging, collecting the voltage of the battery to be tested within standing time, obtaining a voltage differential curve of the battery within the standing time, wherein the voltage differential curve is a change curve between a first derivative of the voltage of the battery with respect to time and the time, and judging whether the battery separates lithium or not according to the voltage differential curve of the battery;
s20, collecting the capacity C of the battery to be tested which is judged not to be lithium-analyzed in the step S10 before testing0And capacity after standing C1Comparing the two to obtain the capacity attenuation rate Δ C, [ delta ] C = (C) of the battery0-C1)/ C0X 100%, and judging whether the battery separates lithium according to the capacity fading rate.
In the foregoing technical solution, further, in step S10, when a minimum value appears in the voltage differential curve, it is determined that lithium analysis occurs inside the battery to be tested; otherwise, judging that no lithium analysis occurs in the battery to be tested.
In the technical scheme, further, the standing time after charging is 1-3 h at the ambient temperature of 10-35 ℃;
or standing for 3-6 h after charging at the ambient temperature of-10-0 ℃.
In the technical scheme, further, the battery to be tested is charged and discharged for multiple times, and the measured values of the discharge capacity of the battery after the multiple charging and discharging are averaged to obtain the capacity of the battery to be tested before testing;
and carrying out multiple charging and discharging on the battery to be tested after standing, and averaging the measured values of the battery discharge capacity after the multiple charging and discharging to obtain the capacity of the battery to be tested after standing.
In the foregoing technical solution, further, in step S20, when the capacity fading rate of the battery to be tested is greater than the set threshold, it is determined that lithium separation occurs inside the battery to be tested; otherwise, judging that no lithium analysis occurs in the battery to be tested.
In the above-described aspect, the set threshold value of the capacity fade rate is 1%.
In the above technical solution, further, the method for charging the battery to be tested includes:
the constant-current constant-voltage charging mode is adopted, and comprises the steps of firstly carrying out constant-voltage charging at a charging multiplying power, and after the battery is charged to the cut-off voltage, carrying out constant-current charging to a preset cut-off current;
or a constant current charging mode is adopted, which comprises constant current charging with a charging multiplying factor to cut-off voltage;
or adopt the step current charging mode, include: 1) firstly, charging to a set voltage by a constant current with a charging multiplying factor, 2), changing the charging multiplying factor, charging to another set voltage by the constant current, 3) and repeating the step 2) until the charging is to the cut-off voltage.
The invention also provides a battery lithium analysis detection system based on the lithium analysis detection method for the lithium ion power battery, which comprises the following steps:
the battery detection equipment comprises a voltage acquisition module for acquiring a battery voltage signal and a capacity measurement module for measuring the capacity of the battery, and judges whether the lithium analysis occurs to the battery to be detected according to the acquisition and measurement results;
the charging and discharging equipment is used for charging and discharging the battery to be tested;
and/or a temperature control device for controlling the ambient temperature during the test.
The detection method provided by the invention is used for carrying out auxiliary detection on the battery which is judged not to be subjected to lithium analysis by combining a detection mode of battery capacity attenuation on the basis of judging whether the battery is subjected to lithium analysis or not according to the change condition of a voltage differential curve of the battery in the standing process (namely, a relaxation battery curve differential detection method), so that the problems that the detection accuracy is not high when the detection is carried out by only adopting the relaxation battery curve differential detection method, and the detection accuracy is influenced by shortening the detection time due to longer detection time can be effectively solved, the lithium analysis detection accuracy and the detection efficiency of the lithium ion battery can be effectively improved, the detection method is simple, the operation is convenient, and the detection cost can be greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a lithium analysis detection method for a lithium ion power battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the differential voltage curve of the battery in examples 1-5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a lithium analysis detection method for a lithium ion power battery, including the following steps:
s10, charging the battery to be tested, standing the battery to be tested for a preset time after charging, collecting the voltage of the battery to be tested within the standing time, and obtaining a voltage differential curve of the battery within the standing time, wherein the voltage differential curve is a change curve between a first derivative of the voltage of the battery to the time and the time, namely a relation curve between dV/dt and time t, and V is the voltage of the battery collected within the standing time of the battery to be tested, and whether the battery separates lithium is judged according to the voltage differential curve of the battery;
s20, collecting the capacity C of the battery to be tested which is judged not to be lithium-analyzed in the step S10 before testing0And capacity after standing C1Comparing the two to obtain the capacity attenuation rate Δ C, [ delta ] C = (C) of the battery0-C1)/ C0X 100%, and judging whether the battery separates lithium according to the capacity fading rate.
According to the lithium analysis detection method for the lithium ion power battery, whether the lithium analysis occurs to the battery is judged according to a lithium analysis signal represented in a voltage differential curve by acquiring the voltage differential curve of the battery in a standing process within preset time after charging; meanwhile, for the battery which is detected by adopting the voltage differential curve detection method and is judged not to be separated from lithium, the detection method which measures the battery capacity attenuation rate and judges according to the voltage capacity attenuation rate is adopted as an auxiliary lithium separation judgment means. Through combining together two kinds of detection methods, can effectively shorten required check-out time, can guarantee the accuracy that the lithium detection was analysed to the battery simultaneously.
In the lithium analysis detection method, when a voltage differential curve detection mode is adopted for detection, when a minimum value appears in a voltage differential curve, the minimum value is used as a signal for lithium analysis of the battery, and at the moment, the lithium analysis of the interior of the battery to be detected is judged; otherwise, judging that no lithium analysis occurs in the battery to be tested. In the lithium analysis determination of the battery, a set value X is assigned according to whether the lithium analysis signal is generated, for example, X =1 when the lithium analysis signal is detected, and X =0 otherwise.
When the relaxation battery curve differential detection method is adopted for lithium analysis detection, because the time required for the process of re-embedding the lithium ions into the negative electrode after the lithium ions are separated out is longer, in order to ensure the required detection precision and consider the detection efficiency, different standing test time can be adopted at different test environment temperatures to achieve a better detection effect; the method comprises the following specific steps:
standing for 1-3 h after charging at the ambient temperature of 10-35 ℃; preferably, the solution is charged at 25 ℃ and then left to stand for 3 hours.
Or standing for 3-6 h after charging at the ambient temperature of-10-0 ℃; preferably, the solution is charged at 0 ℃ and then left to stand for 6 hours.
When the relaxation battery curve differential detection method is adopted for lithium analysis detection, when the lithium analysis degree is slight, a minimum value may not appear in an obtained voltage differential curve or the time required for the minimum value to appear is long; and the inventor finds that generally, the lower the test temperature, the longer the time for the minimum value to appear, or the higher the charge rate, the longer the time for the minimum value to appear, the longer the time between required standing times, and these factors affect the detection accuracy and efficiency of the battery lithium analysis detection by the relaxation battery curve differential detection method.
In the embodiment of the invention, for the battery which does not generate a lithium analysis signal when the relaxation battery curve differential detection method is adopted for detection, the attenuation of the battery capacity is further adopted for judgment; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
and when the capacity decay rate of the battery to be tested is larger than a set threshold, judging that lithium analysis occurs in the battery to be tested, otherwise, judging that lithium analysis does not occur in the battery to be tested.
The capacity fading rate Δ C of the battery to be measured is determined by the battery capacity C before measurement0And battery capacity C after standing (after measurement)1And comparing the two results. The method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out charging and discharging on a battery to be tested for multiple times (generally 3 times), carrying out standard capacity test on the battery to be tested, and averaging measured values of battery discharge capacity after 3 times of charging and discharging to obtain the capacity of the battery to be tested before test; similarly, the battery to be tested after standing for a preset time is charged and discharged for multiple times (generally 3 times), the standard capacity of the battery to be tested is tested, and the measured values of the discharge capacity of the battery after 3 times of charging and discharging are averaged to obtain the capacity of the battery to be tested after standing.
And setting a set threshold value of the capacity fading rate to be 1%, and when the capacity fading rate is greater than the set threshold value by 1%, judging that lithium separation occurs in the battery to be tested, otherwise, judging that the lithium separation does not occur in the battery to be tested. In the capacity fade-based detection mode, the set value Y is assigned according to the comparison result between the measured capacity fade rate and the set threshold value, for example, Y =1 when the measured capacity fade rate is greater than 1%, and Y =0 otherwise. The determination of the capacity fading rate setting threshold is determined based on a large number of experiments, the inventor finds that the discharge capacity of a battery to be tested has a certain change after a part of batteries are charged and discharged for a plurality of times, for example, the battery capacity has a certain fading, the inventor analyzes the fading condition of the battery capacity, finds that one influencing factor is the occurrence of the lithium precipitation phenomenon of the battery, and finds that the lithium precipitation phenomenon occurs in the tested batteries when the fading rate of the battery capacity is more than 1%.
To sum up, the logic for determining whether the battery separates lithium in the detection method of the embodiment of the present invention is:
in the detection process, when the X + Y is more than or equal to 1, the lithium analysis of the battery to be detected is judged.
In the above detection method, the charging mode of the battery to be detected is also important for lithium analysis detection, and the charging mode that can be adopted includes:
the constant-current constant-voltage charging mode is adopted, and comprises the steps of firstly carrying out constant-voltage charging at a charging multiplying power, and after the battery is charged to the cut-off voltage, carrying out constant-current charging to a preset cut-off current; if the battery is charged at 0.5C multiplying power and the cut-off voltage of the battery is 4.2V at constant voltage, the battery is charged at constant current until the preset cut-off current is 0.05C.
Or a constant current charging mode is adopted, which comprises constant current charging with a charging multiplying factor to cut-off voltage; for example, the battery is charged by adopting 0.5C multiplying factor constant current until the cut-off voltage of the battery is 4.2V.
Or adopt the step current charging mode, include: 1) firstly, charging to a set voltage by a constant current with a charging multiplying factor, 2), changing the charging multiplying factor, charging to another set voltage by the constant current, 3) and repeating the step 2) until the charging is to the cut-off voltage. For example, the constant current charging is performed to 4.05V at 0.3C multiplying factor, then the constant current charging is performed to 4.06V at 0.2C multiplying factor, then the constant current charging is performed to 4.18V at 0.1C multiplying factor, and finally the constant current charging is performed to 4.2V at 0.05C multiplying factor.
Of course, the above listed charging modes are only preferred modes, and the charging rate and the charging parameters listed therein can be adjusted according to actual needs.
The invention also provides a battery lithium analysis detection system based on the lithium analysis detection method for the lithium ion power battery, which comprises the following steps:
the battery detection equipment comprises a voltage acquisition module for acquiring a battery voltage signal and a capacity measurement module for measuring the capacity of the battery, and judges whether the lithium analysis occurs to the battery to be detected according to the acquisition and measurement results;
and the charge and discharge equipment is used for charging and discharging the battery to be tested.
And a temperature control device for controlling the ambient temperature during the test.
The technical solutions adopted by the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to specific examples to help those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, and the related technical parameters and technical conditions do not limit the present invention.
In the following examples, the capacity before the battery test and the capacity after the battery was left standing were measured in the following manner:
the method comprises the steps of charging and discharging a battery to be tested for 3 times at a constant current and a constant voltage at a multiplying power of 1/3C at 25 ℃, testing the standard capacity of the battery to be tested, measuring the discharge capacity of the battery for 3 times respectively, and taking the average value of the 3 times of measurement as the capacity of the battery to be tested before testing.
And (3) carrying out constant-current and constant-voltage charge and discharge on the tested battery for 3 times at 25 ℃ at 1/3C multiplying power, carrying out standard capacity test on the battery to be tested, respectively measuring the discharge capacity of the battery for 3 times, and taking the average value of the 3 times of measurement as the capacity of the battery to be tested after standing.
Example 1
And taking a battery to be tested, charging for 1 time at the ambient temperature of 10 ℃ in a constant-current and constant-voltage manner at a multiplying power of 3 ℃, standing for 3 hours after the charging is finished, and obtaining a voltage differential curve during the standing period.
As shown in fig. 2, the voltage differential curve shows a distinct minimum value, i.e., a distinct lithium deposition detection signal, and X =1 in this case, it is determined that lithium deposition occurs in the battery.
As a verification, the capacity before and after the test of the battery to be tested was detected, and the capacity fade rate of the battery to be tested was obtained, and as shown in table 1, the capacity fade rate was 6.9% and was greater than the set threshold value of 1%, and at this time, Y =1, and it was determined that lithium deposition occurred in the battery.
And (5) disassembling the battery to find that the surface of the negative electrode of the battery has a large-area lithium precipitation phenomenon.
Example 2
And (3) taking a battery to be tested, charging for 1 time in a constant-current and constant-voltage manner at 1/3 ℃ under the environment temperature of 10 ℃, standing for 3 hours after the charging is finished, and obtaining a voltage differential curve during the standing period.
As shown in fig. 2, the voltage differential curve shows no minimum value, i.e., no lithium deposition detection signal, and X =0 in this case, it is determined that lithium deposition has not occurred in the battery.
And detecting the capacity of the battery to be tested before and after the test to obtain the capacity fading rate of the battery to be tested, wherein as shown in table 1, the capacity fading rate is 0.63 percent and is less than a set threshold value of 1 percent, and at the moment, Y =0, the battery is judged not to have lithium deposition.
The lithium precipitation phenomenon on the surface of the negative electrode of the battery is not found after the battery is disassembled.
Example 3
And (3) taking a battery to be tested, charging for 1 time in a constant-current and constant-voltage manner at 1/2 ℃ under the environment temperature of 0 ℃, standing for 6 hours after the charging is finished, and obtaining a voltage differential curve during the standing.
As shown in fig. 2, the voltage differential curve shows a distinct minimum value, i.e., a distinct lithium deposition detection signal, and X =1 in this case, it is determined that lithium deposition occurs in the battery.
As a verification, the capacity before and after the test of the battery to be tested was detected, and the capacity fade rate of the battery to be tested was obtained, and as shown in table 1, when the capacity fade rate was 2.18% and was greater than the set threshold value of 1%, Y =1, it was determined that lithium deposition occurred in the battery.
And (5) disassembling the battery to find that the surface of the negative electrode of the battery has a large-area lithium precipitation phenomenon.
Example 4
And (3) taking a battery to be tested, charging for 1 time in a constant-current and constant-voltage manner at 4/5 ℃ under the environment temperature of 0 ℃, standing for 6 hours after the charging is finished, and obtaining a voltage differential curve during the standing.
As shown in fig. 2, the voltage differential curve shows a distinct minimum value, i.e., a distinct lithium deposition detection signal, and X =0 at this time, it is determined that lithium deposition does not occur in the battery.
And detecting the capacity of the battery to be tested before and after the test to obtain the capacity fading rate of the battery to be tested, wherein as shown in table 1, the capacity fading rate is 4.48 percent and is greater than a set threshold value 1 percent, and at the moment, Y =1, the battery is judged to have lithium deposition.
And (5) disassembling the battery to find that the surface of the negative electrode of the battery has a large-area lithium precipitation phenomenon.
Example 5
And (3) taking a battery to be tested, charging for 1 time in a constant-current and constant-voltage manner at 1/2 ℃ under the environment temperature of-10 ℃, standing for 6 hours after the charging is finished, and obtaining a voltage differential curve during the standing.
As shown in fig. 2, the voltage differential curve shows a distinct minimum value, i.e., a distinct lithium deposition detection signal, and X =0 at this time, it is determined that lithium deposition does not occur in the battery.
And detecting the capacity of the battery to be tested before and after the test to obtain the capacity fading rate of the battery to be tested, wherein as shown in table 1, the capacity fading rate is 6.91 percent and is greater than a set threshold value of 1 percent, and at the moment, Y =1, the battery is judged to have lithium deposition.
And (5) disassembling the battery to find that the surface of the negative electrode of the battery has a large-area lithium precipitation phenomenon.
TABLE 1 determination of lithium deposition from batteries in examples 1 to 5
Figure 28938DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
According to the embodiment and the table 1, the lithium-separation detection method for the lithium-ion power battery can accurately detect the lithium-separation phenomenon of the battery, the detected result is consistent with the actual situation, and the rapid, efficient and accurate detection of the lithium-separation of the battery can be realized. Meanwhile, in the embodiments 2, 4 and 5, when the relaxation battery curve differential detection method is used for lithium analysis detection, due to the limitation of the detection time, a lithium analysis signal may not appear in the detection time, but the battery capacity decay rate is used for auxiliary detection, so that whether the battery analyzes lithium can be accurately detected, the accuracy of the lithium analysis detection of the battery is effectively improved, the detection operation is simple, and the detection cost can be effectively reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The lithium ion power battery lithium analysis detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, charging the battery to be tested, standing the battery to be tested after charging, collecting the voltage of the battery to be tested within standing time, obtaining a voltage differential curve of the battery within the standing time, wherein the voltage differential curve is a change curve between a first derivative of the voltage of the battery with respect to time and the time, and judging whether the battery separates lithium or not according to the voltage differential curve of the battery;
s20, collecting the capacity C of the battery to be tested which is judged not to be lithium-analyzed in the step S10 before testing0And capacity after standing C1Comparing the two to obtain the capacity attenuation rate Δ C, [ delta ] C = (C) of the battery0-C1)/ C0X 100%, and judging whether the battery separates lithium according to the capacity fading rate.
2. The lithium ion power battery lithium analysis detection method according to claim 1, wherein in step S10, when a minimum value appears in the voltage differential curve, it is determined that lithium analysis occurs inside the battery to be tested; otherwise, judging that no lithium analysis occurs in the battery to be tested.
3. The lithium ion power battery lithium separation detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that the standing time after charging is 1-3 h at the ambient temperature of 10-35 ℃;
or standing for 3-6 h after charging at the ambient temperature of-10-0 ℃.
4. The lithium ion power battery lithium analysis detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery to be tested is charged and discharged for a plurality of times, and the measured values of the battery discharge capacity after the plurality of charging and discharging are averaged to obtain the capacity of the battery to be tested before the test;
and carrying out multiple charging and discharging on the battery to be tested after standing, and averaging the measured values of the battery discharge capacity after the multiple charging and discharging to obtain the capacity of the battery to be tested after standing.
5. The lithium ion power battery lithium deposition detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S20, when the capacity fading rate of the battery under test is greater than a set threshold, it is determined that lithium deposition occurs inside the battery under test; otherwise, judging that no lithium analysis occurs in the battery to be tested.
6. The lithium ion power battery lithium deposition detection method according to claim 5, wherein the set threshold value of the capacity fade rate is 1%.
7. The lithium ion power battery lithium analysis detection method according to claim 1, wherein the method for charging the battery to be tested comprises:
the constant-current constant-voltage charging mode is adopted, and comprises the steps of firstly carrying out constant-voltage charging at a charging multiplying power, and after the battery is charged to the cut-off voltage, carrying out constant-current charging to a preset cut-off current;
or a constant current charging mode is adopted, which comprises constant current charging with a charging multiplying factor to cut-off voltage;
or adopt the step current charging mode, include: 1) firstly, charging to a set voltage by a constant current with a charging multiplying factor, 2), changing the charging multiplying factor, charging to another set voltage by the constant current, 3) and repeating the step 2) until the charging is to the cut-off voltage.
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CN115421052A (en) * 2022-10-13 2022-12-02 楚能新能源股份有限公司 Lithium battery lithium separation detection method
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