CN113063150A - Novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device and method - Google Patents
Novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113063150A CN113063150A CN202110339656.6A CN202110339656A CN113063150A CN 113063150 A CN113063150 A CN 113063150A CN 202110339656 A CN202110339656 A CN 202110339656A CN 113063150 A CN113063150 A CN 113063150A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
Abstract
A novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device and a method thereof are disclosed, wherein the device comprises a feeding device, a bubbling gasification section, a secondary combustion section, a final combustion section and a cyclone separation device. Organic solid particles are fed into a bubbling gasification section through a feeding device, air is simultaneously introduced to contact with the organic solid particles to generate gasification reaction to generate gasified gas and ash, the gasified gas is sequentially fed into a secondary combustion section and a final combustion section and is fully mixed with the air to generate low-oxygen combustion reaction to form flue gas, incompletely-reacted solid particles mixed in the flue gas are separated by a dust-proof plate and are reduced to the bottom of the final combustion section, and the solid particles are subjected to high-temperature high-pressure high-And (3) conveying the warm mechanical material returning device to a bubbling gasification section for gasification reaction again, conveying the residual flue gas to a cyclone separator for dust removal again, and then conveying the residual flue gas to a subsequent energy recovery and flue gas treatment system. The invention can greatly reduce NO on the premise of meeting the combustion thermal efficiency of organic solid particlesx、SOxAnd the generation amount of fly ash, the height of the furnace body is reduced, and the subsequent investment and the operating cost are further reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy utilization and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device and method.
Background
The organic matters are various and the yield is huge. Direct combustion thereof generates a large amount of SO due to local excessive temperaturex、NOxFly ash and heavy metal pollution, and the cost of tail gas treatment is extremely high, and how to realize the removal of pollutants in the device is the key to solve the problem.
For organic solid particles, an ideal combustion device is a fluidized bed structure, the fluidized bed comprises a poly-type fluidization and a loose-type fluidization, the fluidization process of the loose-type fluidization is relatively uniform, the particles are uniformly distributed, for example, in the current widely-applied circulating fluidized bed, the poly-type fluidization particles are not uniformly distributed, large bubble-shaped gaps exist in the particles, the poly-type fluidization particles are also called a bubbling fluidized bed, the height of the conventional circulating fluidized bed is relatively high, the ash production amount is large, the pressure drop fluctuation of the conventional bubbling fluidized bed is large, and the contact between gas and solid is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the existing production process, the invention provides a novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device and a method, which combine the dual advantages of the polymerization type fluidization and the dispersion type fluidization, can realize the aim of low emission of process pollutants, and greatly reduce the height of a furnace body on the other hand, thereby facilitating the industrial application of the device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device comprises a feeding device 1, a bubbling gasification section 2, a secondary combustion section 3, a final-stage combustion section 4 and a cyclone separation device 5;
the outlet of the feeding device 1 is introduced into the bubbling gasification section 2;
the bottom of the bubbling gasification section 2 is provided with a gasification medium inlet 6, an air distribution device 7 and a slag discharge device 8; an outlet at the top of the bubbling gasification section 2 is introduced into the secondary combustion section 3;
a secondary combustion section 3 is internally provided with a secondary medium inlet 9, and an outlet of the secondary combustion section 3 is introduced into a final-stage combustion section 4;
the top of the final combustion section 4 is provided with a tail combustion medium inlet 10, the bottom of the final combustion section is provided with a high-temperature mechanical material returning device 11, and the high-temperature mechanical material returning device 11 is communicated with the bubbling gasification section 2; dust separation plates 12 are arranged between the secondary combustion section 3 and the final combustion section 4, and between the final combustion section 4 and the cyclone separation device 5, and a flue gas outlet of the final combustion section 4 is introduced into the cyclone separation device 5;
the top of the cyclone separation device 5 is provided with an energy recovery and flue gas treatment device 13, and the bottom is provided with an ash outlet 14;
the high-temperature reaction areas of the whole device are provided with fireproof heat-insulation boards 15;
the ratio of the air distribution device 7 to the combustion section of each combustion stage is 1: 2.5-1: 5.
Further, the final stage combustion section 4 is divided into two sections, and the total height is twice of the height of the secondary combustion section 3; a dust-proof plate 12 is arranged between the two sections, the bottoms of the two sections are conical, and a high-temperature mechanical material returning device 11 is arranged at the conical bottom;
further, the high-temperature mechanical material returning device 11 is positioned between the air distribution device 7 and the outlet of the feeding device 1.
A novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction method comprises the following steps:
i, low-temperature gasification stage: organic solid particles and a desulfurizer are fed into a bubbling gasification section 2 through a feeding device 1, and are in contact with air from a gasification medium inlet 6 to generate gasification reaction to generate gasified gas and ash, the gasified gas is fed into a secondary combustion section 3, and the ash is discharged through a slag discharging device 8; in the whole gasification reaction process, the organic solid particles are in a state between a fast fluidization state and a bubbling fluidization state, the gasification temperature is maintained between 500 ℃ and 800 ℃, and most of sulfur contained in the organic solid particles is retained in ash;
II, low-temperature low-oxygen combustion stage: the gasified gas from the bubbling gasification section 2 and the air from the secondary combustion section 3 are fully mixed in the secondary combustion section 3 to generate low-temperature low-oxygen combustion reaction, the total gas is sent to the final-stage combustion section 4 in the combustion process, the air is introduced from the tail combustion medium inlet 10, the unreacted combustible gas is burnt out to form flue gas, the combustion temperature is controlled to range from 850 ℃ to 1000 ℃ in the whole combustion process, and the excess air coefficient is controlled to range from 1.05 ℃ to 1.3;
III, carbon residue circulation and dust removal stage: a small amount of solid carbon residue is carried out by gasification gas in the organic solid particle gasification process, large-particle-size solid residues are caused to fall to the bottom of a final-stage combustion section 4 through collision between particles and a dust separation plate 12 and are sent to a bubbling gasification section 2 through a high-temperature mechanical material returning device 11 to be subjected to gasification reaction again, the small-particle-size solid residues are completely burnt out in a secondary combustion section 3 and the final-stage combustion section 4 and are finally mixed with flue gas in a dust form, and the flue gas is sent to a cyclone separation device 5 for dust removal and then is sent to a subsequent energy recovery and flue gas treatment device 13.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device has the advantages that the fluidizing speed of the air distribution device is higher in the gasification section by controlling the proportion of the air distribution device to the combustion section, the rapid heat and mass transfer of organic solid particles is realized, the flow rate in the subsequent combustion process is lower, and the dust separation plate and the high-temperature mechanical material returning device are combined, so that large-particle solid residues are returned to the gasification section again for combustion, the carbon content of dust and dust in flue gas is greatly reduced, and the combustion heat load is improved.
(2) The low reaction temperature and reducing atmosphere of the gasification reaction and a small amount of additive are utilized to realize dechlorination, sulfur removal and volatilization inhibition of heavy metal in the device, low temperature and low oxygenCombustion realizes thermal NOxAnd rapid NOxIs greatly reduced.
(3) The height of the device is reduced to one third of the height of a conventional fluidized bed, and the device is particularly suitable for organic solid combustion sites with limited height.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 a feeding device; 2, a bubbling gasification section; 3, a secondary combustion section; 4 a final combustion section; 5 a cyclone separation device; 6, a gasification medium inlet; 7, an air distribution device; 8, a slag discharging device; 9 a secondary medium inlet; 10 tail combustion medium inlet; 11 high-temperature mechanical material returning device; 12 dust-proof board; 13 a flue gas treatment device; 14 an ash outlet; 15 fire-resistant insulation board.
Detailed Description
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.
Examples
Organic solid particles and a desulfurizer are fed into a bubbling gasification section 2 through a feeding device 1, and are in contact with air from a gasification medium inlet 6 to generate gasification reaction to generate gasified gas and ash, the gasified gas is fed into a secondary combustion section 3, and the ash is discharged through a slag discharging device 8; in the whole gasification reaction process, the organic solid particles are in a state between a fast fluidization state and a bubbling fluidization state, the gasification temperature is maintained between 500 ℃ and 800 ℃, and most of sulfur contained in the organic solid particles is retained in ash; the gasified gas from the bubbling gasification section 2 and the air from the secondary combustion section 3 are fully mixed to generate low-temperature low-oxygen combustion reaction, the total gas is sent to the final combustion section 4 in the combustion process, the air is introduced from the tail combustion medium inlet 10 to burn out the unreacted combustible gas into flue gas, the combustion temperature is controlled to range from 850 ℃ to 1000 ℃ in the whole combustion process, and the excess air coefficient is controlled to range from 1.05 ℃ to 1.3; a small amount of solid carbon residue is carried out by gasification gas in the organic solid particle gasification process, large-particle-size solid residues are caused to fall to the bottom of a final-stage combustion section 4 through collision between particles and a dust separation plate 12 and are sent to a bubbling gasification section 2 through a high-temperature mechanical material returning device 11 to be subjected to gasification reaction again, the small-particle-size solid residues are completely burnt out in a secondary combustion section 3 and the final-stage combustion section 4 and are finally mixed with flue gas in a dust form, and the flue gas is sent to a cyclone separation device 5 for dust removal and then is sent to a subsequent energy recovery and flue gas treatment system.
The present invention includes but is not limited to the embodiment, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, other alternatives can be adopted without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these alternatives should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device is characterized by comprising a feeding device (1), a bubbling gasification section (2), a secondary combustion section (3), a final combustion section (4) and a cyclone separation device (5);
the outlet of the feeding device (1) is introduced into the bubbling gasification section (2);
the bottom of the bubbling gasification section (2) is provided with a gasification medium inlet (6), an air distribution device (7) and a slag discharge device (8); the outlet at the top of the bubbling gasification section (2) is introduced into the secondary combustion section (3);
a secondary combustion section (3) is internally provided with a secondary medium inlet (9), and an outlet of the secondary combustion section (3) is introduced into the final combustion section (4);
the top of the final-stage combustion section (4) is provided with a tail combustion medium inlet (10), the bottom of the final-stage combustion section is provided with a high-temperature mechanical material returning device (11), and the high-temperature mechanical material returning device (11) is communicated with the bubbling gasification section (2); dust separation plates (12) are arranged between the secondary combustion section (3) and the final combustion section (4), and between the final combustion section (4) and the cyclone separation device (5), and a flue gas outlet of the final combustion section (4) is introduced into the cyclone separation device (5);
the top of the cyclone separation device (5) is provided with an energy recovery and flue gas treatment device (13), and the bottom is provided with an ash outlet (14);
the high-temperature reaction areas of the whole device are provided with fireproof heat-insulation plates (15);
the proportion relation between the air distribution device (7) and the combustion section of each combustion stage is 1: 2.5-1: 5.
2. A novel low pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction apparatus, according to claim 1, wherein the final combustion stage (4) is divided into two stages, the total height of which is twice the height of the secondary combustion stage (3); a dust-proof plate (12) is arranged between the two sections, the bottoms of the two sections are conical, and a high-temperature mechanical material returning device (11) is arranged at the conical bottom.
3. A novel low pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said high temperature mechanical return means (11) is located between the air distribution means (7) and the outlet of the feeding means (1).
4. A novel low pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction process, characterized in that, the process is completed by the device of any one of claims 1-3, and the steps are as follows:
i, low-temperature gasification stage: organic solid particles and a desulfurizer are fed into a bubbling gasification section (2) through a feeding device (1), and are in contact with air from a gasification medium inlet (6) to perform gasification reaction to generate gasified gas and ash, the gasified gas is fed into a secondary combustion section (3), and the ash is discharged through a slag discharging device (8); in the whole gasification reaction process, the organic solid particles are in a state between a fast fluidization state and a bubbling fluidization state, the gasification temperature is maintained between 500 ℃ and 800 ℃, and most of sulfur contained in the organic solid particles is retained in ash;
II, low-temperature low-oxygen combustion stage: gasified gas from the bubbling gasification section (2) and air from a secondary combustion section (3) are fully mixed to generate low-temperature low-oxygen combustion reaction, the total gas is sent to a final-stage combustion section (4) in the combustion process, air is introduced from a tail combustion medium inlet (10), unreacted combustible gas is burnt to form flue gas, the combustion temperature is controlled to be 850-1000 ℃ in the whole combustion process, and the excess air coefficient is controlled to be 1.05-1.3;
III, carbon residue circulation and dust removal stage: a small amount of solid carbon residue is carried out by gasification gas in the organic solid particle gasification process, large-particle-size solid residues are caused to fall to the bottom of a final combustion section (4) through collision between particles and a dust separation plate (12), the large-particle-size solid residues are sent to a bubbling gasification section (2) through a high-temperature mechanical material return device (11) to be subjected to gasification reaction again, the small-particle-size solid residues are completely burnt out in a secondary combustion section (3) and the final combustion section (4), and are finally mixed in flue gas in a dust form, and the flue gas is sent to a cyclone separation device (5) to be dedusted and then sent to a subsequent energy recovery and flue gas treatment device (13).
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| CN202110339656.6A CN113063150A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device and method |
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| CN202110339656.6A CN113063150A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114849352A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-08-05 | 柳州市海达新型材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for efficiently purifying industrial waste salt by utilizing catalytic combustion industrial treatment recycle gas |
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| CN101294708A (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2008-10-29 | 东南大学 | City life rubbish fluidized bed gasification combustion processing method |
| US20110265697A1 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-11-03 | Foster Wheeler North America Corp. | Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor and a Method of Operating a Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor |
| CN203432081U (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2014-02-12 | 北京热华能源科技有限公司 | Thermal conduction oil furnace for horizontal type circulating fluidized bed |
| CN105698163A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 华北电力大学 | Oxygen-enriched combustion device and method of solid fuel circulating fluidized bed |
| CN106678784A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-17 | 北京热华能源科技有限公司 | Multi-process circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of feeding fuel in classified mode |
| CN106838890A (en) * | 2017-02-26 | 2017-06-13 | 清华大学 | A kind of fuel and the low emission CFBB of desulfurizing agent classification supply |
-
2021
- 2021-03-30 CN CN202110339656.6A patent/CN113063150A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101294708A (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2008-10-29 | 东南大学 | City life rubbish fluidized bed gasification combustion processing method |
| US20110265697A1 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-11-03 | Foster Wheeler North America Corp. | Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor and a Method of Operating a Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor |
| CN203432081U (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2014-02-12 | 北京热华能源科技有限公司 | Thermal conduction oil furnace for horizontal type circulating fluidized bed |
| CN105698163A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 华北电力大学 | Oxygen-enriched combustion device and method of solid fuel circulating fluidized bed |
| CN106678784A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-17 | 北京热华能源科技有限公司 | Multi-process circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of feeding fuel in classified mode |
| CN106838890A (en) * | 2017-02-26 | 2017-06-13 | 清华大学 | A kind of fuel and the low emission CFBB of desulfurizing agent classification supply |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114849352A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-08-05 | 柳州市海达新型材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for efficiently purifying industrial waste salt by utilizing catalytic combustion industrial treatment recycle gas |
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Application publication date: 20210702 |