CN113029226A - System and method for dynamically monitoring temperature and humidity of roadbed soil - Google Patents
System and method for dynamically monitoring temperature and humidity of roadbed soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种路基土温度湿度动态监控的系统，包括Galileo开发板，还包括传感器延时运转电路板、若干个电容式湿度传感器、标准时钟模块、I2C数据传输系统、模块型单总线电路板、物联网模块以及若干个依次串联的温度传感器组；所述电容式湿度传感器通过防水跳线与传感器延时运转电路板连接，所述传感器延时运转电路板通过防水跳线与Galileo开发板信号连接；所述标准时钟模块与Galileo开发板之间通过I2C数据传输系统信号连接；所述温度传感器组和Galileo开发板之间通过模块型单总线电路板信号连接，所述物联网模块与Galileo开发板之间信号连接。
The invention discloses a system for dynamic monitoring of temperature and humidity of subgrade soil, comprising a Galileo development board, a sensor delay operation circuit board, several capacitive humidity sensors, a standard clock module, an I2C data transmission system, and a modular single-bus circuit board , IoT module, and several temperature sensor groups connected in series; the capacitive humidity sensor is connected to the sensor delay operation circuit board through a waterproof jumper, and the sensor delay operation circuit board communicates with the Galileo development board signal through a waterproof jumper connection; the standard clock module and the Galileo development board are connected through the I2C data transmission system signal; the temperature sensor group and the Galileo development board are connected through a modular single-bus circuit board signal, and the Internet of Things module is developed with Galileo Signal connections between boards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system and a method for dynamically monitoring the temperature and the humidity of roadbed soil, belonging to the technical field of road engineering.
Background
Most road diseases are related to water, wherein the strength and stability of roadbed soil are greatly influenced by changes of moisture field and temperature field of the roadbed soil, and the road diseases are one of main factors influencing the property of roadbed engineering. The traditional method for measuring the water content of the roadbed soil is to drill a core from a damaged road surface downwards to the interior of the roadbed, sample, dry and measure. The method not only consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, but also damages the road surface, and can not continuously and dynamically measure and monitor the temperature field and the humidity field change of the roadbed soil. Therefore, the development of a road foundation soil monitoring device which is convenient to embed and is waterproof and corrosion-resistant is urgently needed.
In the traditional method, a plurality of capacitive humidity sensors are connected to a development board simply in a series connection mode for measurement. When capacitive sensors are located too close together, they can interfere with each other, which can affect the accuracy and reliability of the sensor readings. Therefore, the development of humidity measurement systems is urgently needed to solve the problem and realize the sequential and delayed running of the sensors.
The single bus connection method is a common connection mode for connecting a plurality of temperature sensors into a main control board, meanwhile, along with the increase of the number of the connected sensors, the complexity of external connection of the temperature sensors is greatly improved, and the occupied system space is increased. When the number of temperature sensors is large, the traditional single-bus connection mode cannot meet the requirement of connection between a large number of temperature sensors and a mainboard, and the traditional soldering mode wastes time and labor.
Therefore, how to optimize the single-bus connection method while meeting the requirements of a large batch of temperature sensor measuring devices to meet the system operation requirements is a technical problem which is urgently needed to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to realize real-time dynamic monitoring and measurement of changes of a temperature field and a humidity field in roadbed soil, the invention provides a roadbed soil temperature and humidity dynamic monitoring system and a monitoring and measuring method, wherein the roadbed soil temperature and humidity dynamic monitoring system and the monitoring and measuring method can be pre-buried in roadbed soil, can be used for measuring and collecting temperature and humidity parameters in soil in real time, and can feed back the obtained readings to the Internet of things.
The technical scheme is as follows: a system for dynamically monitoring the temperature and the humidity of roadbed soil comprises a Galileo development board, and is characterized in that: also comprises a sensor delay operation circuit board, a plurality of capacitance type humidity sensors, a standard clock module and a controller I2The system comprises a data transmission system, a module type single bus circuit board, an Internet of things module and a plurality of temperature sensor groups which are sequentially connected in series; the capacitance type humidity sensor is connected with the sensor delay operation circuit board through a waterproof jumper wire, and the sensor delay operation circuit board is connected with the sensor delay operation circuit board through the waterproof jumper wireSignal connection with Galileo development board; the standard clock module and the Galileo development board are connected through I2C, data transmission system signal connection; the temperature sensor group is in signal connection with the Galileo development board through a module type unibus circuit board, and the Internet of things module is in signal connection with the Galileo development board.
Preferably, the sensor delay operation circuit board comprises a resistor, a triode, a bread board and a three-interface slot; the module type single bus circuit board comprises a 4.7k omega resistor and a circuit board which is transversely communicated; the circuit boards which are transversely communicated comprise a bread board I which can be welded at the bottom and a plurality of three-interface slots I which are used for connecting the sensors.
Preferably, the internet of things module is a WifiIO-MT7681 module; and power supply, signal and grounding sockets of the sensors and the modules are connected with 5v, DATA and GND interfaces corresponding to the Galileo development board.
Preferably, the sensor time-delay operation circuit board comprises a second bread board which can be welded at the bottom, a plurality of second three-interface slots for connecting the capacitive humidity sensor, and a PNP triode and a 200 Ω micro resistor which are sequentially connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the capacitive humidity sensor respectively.
Preferably, the standard clock module is a DS1307 serial real-time clock, full binary coded decimal, passing through I2And C, serial transmission of the bidirectional bus.
Preferably, the backplane of the internet of things module WifiIO-MT7681 comprises a plurality of modes of android app, network AT instructions and uart serial port AT instructions.
Preferably, the WiFiIO-MT7681 is provided with 3 gpio ports, 3 software pwm and a uart port to realize wireless control of the development board.
Preferably, the internet of things module can work in an STA mode or an AP mode, and both modes have TCP/IP communication capability.
The invention also discloses a control method of the roadbed soil temperature and humidity dynamic monitoring system, wherein the monitoring system comprises a Galileo development board, a sensor delayed operation circuit board,Several capacitive humidity sensors, standard clock module, I2The system comprises a data transmission system, a module type single bus circuit board, a plurality of temperature sensors and an Internet of things module; the capacitive humidity sensor is connected with the sensor delay operation circuit board through a waterproof jumper, and the sensor delay operation circuit board is in signal connection with the Galileo development board through the waterproof jumper. The standard clock module and the Galileo development board are connected through I2C, data transmission system signal connection; the temperature sensor is in signal connection with the Galileo development board through a module type unibus circuit board, and the Internet of things module is in signal connection with the Galileo development board; the method is characterized in that: the control method comprises the following steps:
firstly, operating a humidity sensor by a Galileo development board according to a control program, and writing the reading of the humidity sensor into a serial port monitor;
secondly, detecting whether the Internet of things module is connected with the development board by the Galileo development board; if the access is successful, starting to operate the temperature sensor; if the access fails, the user is informed in the serial port monitor, the access of the Internet of things module fails, and the user needs to search the reason to ensure the next operation of the system;
thirdly, after the Galileo development board starts to operate the temperature sensor, recording real-time reading of the measured temperature and humidity into a serial port monitor;
fourthly, the Galileo development board operates the standard clock module according to the control program, and the development board and the standard clock module pass through I2C, data interaction is carried out by the bidirectional bus serial transmission system;
when the bus is not working, the DATA line and the clock line are both kept at high level; when DATA starts to be transmitted, the clock line is still at a high level, the state of the DATA line is changed from a high level to a low level, and this is defined as a start condition; when the DATA transmission is stopped, the clock line is at a high level, the state of the DATA line is changed from a low level to a high level, and this is defined as a stop condition; the state of the DATA line indicates that after a start condition, the DATA line is stable during a high period of the clock signal; at the low period of the clock signal, each bit of data has a clock pulse; then, the standard clock module records the reading time of each temperature and humidity sensor;
and fifthly, the Galileo development board accesses the standard time and the reading results of the temperature and humidity sensors into the Internet of things module, and the user terminal writes a time interval and an uploading frequency for controlling the Internet of things module to upload to the terminal in a control program according to needs.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the system for dynamically monitoring the temperature and the humidity of the roadbed soil is built, so that the line structure is greatly simplified, a large amount of space is saved, and the maintenance is convenient. The system realizes real-time and dynamic high-precision measurement of the temperature and the humidity of the roadbed soil in the field of road engineering; built-in sensor delay operation circuit board, module type single bus circuit board, I2The data transmission system greatly improves the reliability of the reading of the sensor and the clock module; the built-in Internet of things module enables the development board to be connected into a corresponding terminal, so that remote operation and reading of a user are facilitated, monitoring and measuring efficiency is improved, and labor cost and equipment maintenance cost are greatly reduced. The working voltage of the system is 5V, the cost is low, the automation degree is high, the system is convenient to embed, the system has important significance for dynamically monitoring the temperature and humidity change of the roadbed soil and researching the change rule of the temperature and humidity field of the roadbed soil in the natural environment, and the achievement can provide practical engineering significance for the improvement of a roadbed building and drainage system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the control logic of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sensor delay operation circuit board.
Fig. 4 is a wiring diagram of the sensor delay operation circuit board.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a module type single bus circuit board.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the temperature and humidity of the road foundation soil according to this embodiment are dynamically monitoredThe system comprises a Galileo development board 1, a sensor delayed operation circuit board 2, a waterproof jumper 3, a plurality of capacitive humidity sensors 4, a standard clock module 5 and a standard clock I2C data transmission system 6, module type single bus circuit board 7, a plurality of temperature sensor 8 and thing networking module 9. Wherein: the capacitive humidity sensor 4 is connected with the sensor delay operation circuit board 2 through a waterproof jumper 3, and the sensor delay operation circuit board 2 is in signal connection with the Galileo development board 1 through the waterproof jumper 3. The standard clock module 5 and the Galileo development board 1 are connected through I2C, signal connection of a data transmission system 6; the temperature sensor 8 is in signal connection with the Galileo development board 1 through a module type unibus circuit board 7, and the Internet of things module 9 is in signal connection with the Galileo development board 1.
The modules are connected into the development board according to the construction sequence shown in FIG. 1, the system needs to use the DATA ports and the simulation ports of a plurality of development boards, and the marking needs to be noticed during wiring so as to accurately correspond. In addition, the capacitive humidity sensor 4 needs to be subjected to waterproof treatment to prevent capillary water from flowing back to damage a sensor circuit.
I2The C data transmission system 6 is used for realizing data interaction between the Galileo development board 1 and the standard clock module 5. The system realizes that when the bus does not work, both the DATA line and the clock line keep high level through a control program; when DATA starts to be transmitted, the clock line is still at a high level, the state of the DATA line is changed from a high level to a low level, and this is defined as a start condition; when DATA transmission is stopped, the clock line is high, the state of the DATA line changes from low to high, and this is defined as a stop condition. The state of the DATA line indicates that the DATA line remains stable for the high period of the clock signal after the start condition. It must be ensured that at low periods of the clock signal, there is a clock pulse per bit of data and thus the validity of the data is determined.
As shown in figure 3, in order to enable a plurality of capacitive humidity sensors used by the system to operate independently and sequentially, and therefore to avoid mutual interference caused by the joint operation of the sensors, the system adopts a sensor delay operation circuit board (2) to realize the delay operation of the sensors. The sensor delay operation circuit board 2 comprises a plurality of PNP type triodes, 200 omega micro resistors, a bread board which can be welded at the bottom and a plurality of three-interface slots for connecting the sensors, wherein the specific triodes, micro resistors and the number of the slots are determined according to the number of the sensors.
As shown in fig. 4, each of the slots in which the humidity sensors operate with a delay includes two NPN transistors, two 200 Ω. The number of transistors and resistors depends on the particular humidity sensor. Each triode tube is used for disconnecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the humidity sensors can measure one by one, and mutual interference is prevented. Here, the DATA interface of the development board is defined as a power output by the control program, and is conveniently connected to the development board. During the measurement, the data from each assay start of the sensor should be discarded to ensure the accuracy of the readings.
As shown in fig. 5, the module type single bus circuit board 7 includes a 4.7k Ω resistor, a waterproof jumper, a triple interface slot, and a horizontally connected bread board. The plurality of temperature sensors 8 are connected with a DATA interface of the mainboard in a unibus connection mode, when the number of the temperature sensors is too large, external connection of the unibus is too complex, a large amount of system space is occupied, the module type unibus circuit board modularizes the complex external connection, and when the system runs, only wiring terminals corresponding to the sensors are connected with the DATA, the power supply and the grounding port of the development board. When the number of the temperature sensors is large, only three sensors are connected in series and connected into the module in sequence.
The Internet of things module 9 is a WifiIO-MT7681 module; and power supply, signal and grounding sockets of each sensor and module are connected with 5v, DATA and GND interfaces corresponding to the Galileo development board. The WiFiIO has 3 gpio ports, 3 software pwm and a uart port, and when the WiFiIO is used, the WiFiIO can utilize the external resources to realize wireless control on the development board. The internet of things module 9 can work in an STA mode or an AP mode, and defaults to the STA mode, and both the two modes have TCP/IP communication capability. The internet of things module 9 provides various control schemes, including a PC, an android app, etc., a network AT instruction, and a uart serial port AT instruction. The user can remotely control the operation of various modules connected with the development board by connecting the PC and the WifiIO.
After the system starts to operate, a user can check the operation condition of the system in the serial port monitor by connecting the PC. The internet of things module WifiIO-MT7681 uploads corresponding data and operation instructions to a terminal (PC, android app and the like) for operation and reading of a user.
As shown in fig. 2: the control method of the monitoring system of the embodiment of the invention mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, operating a humidity sensor by a Galileo development board according to a control program, and writing the reading of the humidity sensor into a serial port monitor;
secondly, detecting whether the Internet of things module is connected with the development board by the Galileo development board; if the access is successful, starting to operate the temperature sensor; if the access fails, the user is informed in the serial port monitor, the access of the Internet of things module fails, and the user needs to search the reason to ensure the next operation of the system;
thirdly, after the Galileo development board starts to operate the temperature sensor, recording real-time reading of the measured temperature and humidity into a serial port monitor;
fourthly, the Galileo development board operates the standard clock module according to the control program, and the development board and the standard clock module pass through I2C, data interaction is carried out by the bidirectional bus serial transmission system;
when the bus is not working, the DATA line and the clock line are both kept at high level; when DATA starts to be transmitted, the clock line is still at a high level, the state of the DATA line is changed from a high level to a low level, and this is defined as a start condition; when the DATA transmission is stopped, the clock line is at a high level, the state of the DATA line is changed from a low level to a high level, and this is defined as a stop condition; the state of the DATA line indicates that the DATA line remains stable for the high period of the clock signal after the start condition. It must be ensured that at low periods of the clock signal, there is a clock pulse per bit of data and thus the validity of the data is determined; then, the standard clock module records the reading time of each temperature and humidity sensor;
and fifthly, the Galileo development board accesses the standard time and the reading results of the temperature and humidity sensors into the Internet of things module, and the user terminal writes a time interval and an uploading frequency for controlling the Internet of things module to upload to the terminal in a control program according to needs.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of this invention and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention and these modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for dynamically monitoring the temperature and the humidity of roadbed soil comprises a Galileo development board, and is characterized in that: also comprises a sensor delay operation circuit board, a plurality of capacitance type humidity sensors, a standard clock module and a controller I2The system comprises a data transmission system, a module type single bus circuit board, an Internet of things module and a plurality of temperature sensor groups which are sequentially connected in series; the capacitive humidity sensor is connected with a sensor delay operation circuit board through a waterproof jumper, and the sensor delay operation circuit board is in signal connection with the Galileo development board through the waterproof jumper; the standard clock module and the Galileo development board are connected through I2C, data transmission system signal connection; the temperature sensor group is in signal connection with the Galileo development board through a module type unibus circuit board, and the Internet of things module is in signal connection with the Galileo development board.
2. The system for dynamically monitoring the temperature and humidity of the roadbed soil according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor delayed operation circuit board comprises a resistor, a triode, a bread board and three interface slots; the module type single bus circuit board comprises a 4.7k omega resistor and a circuit board which is transversely communicated; the circuit boards which are transversely communicated comprise a bread board I which can be welded at the bottom and a plurality of three-interface slots I which are used for connecting the sensors.
3. The system for dynamically monitoring the temperature and humidity of the roadbed soil according to claim 2, wherein: the Internet of things module is a WifiIO-MT7681 module; and power supply, signal and grounding sockets of the sensors and the modules are connected with 5v, DATA and GND interfaces corresponding to the Galileo development board.
4. The system for dynamically monitoring the temperature and humidity of the roadbed soil according to claim 3, wherein: the sensor delayed operation circuit board comprises a bread board II which can be welded at the bottom, a plurality of three-interface slots II which are used for connecting the capacitance type humidity sensor, a PNP type triode and a 200 omega micro resistor which are sequentially connected with the anode and the cathode of the capacitance type humidity sensor respectively.
5. The system for dynamically monitoring the temperature and humidity of the roadbed soil according to claim 4, wherein: the standard clock module is DS1307 type serial real-time clock, full binary coded decimal, passing through I2And C, serial transmission of the bidirectional bus.
6. The system for dynamically monitoring the temperature and humidity of the roadbed soil according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom plate of the Internet of things module WifiIO-MT7681 comprises a plurality of modes of android app, network AT instructions and uart serial port AT instructions.
7. The system for dynamically monitoring the temperature and humidity of the roadbed soil according to claim 6, wherein: the WiFiIO-MT7681 is provided with 3 gpio ports, 3 software pwm and a uart port so as to realize wireless control of the development board.
8. The system for dynamically monitoring the temperature and humidity of the roadbed soil according to claim 7, wherein: the IOT module can work in an STA mode or operate in an AP mode, and both modes have TCP/IP communication capacity.
9. A control method of a roadbed soil temperature and humidity dynamic monitoring system comprises a Galileo development board, a sensor delayed operation circuit board, a plurality of capacitive humidity sensors, a standard clock module and an I2C data transmission system, module type single bus circuit boardThe system comprises a plurality of temperature sensors and an Internet of things module; the capacitive humidity sensor is connected with the sensor delay operation circuit board through a waterproof jumper, and the sensor delay operation circuit board is in signal connection with the Galileo development board through the waterproof jumper.
10. The standard clock module and the Galileo development board are connected through I2C, data transmission system signal connection; the temperature sensor is in signal connection with the Galileo development board through a module type unibus circuit board, and the Internet of things module is in signal connection with the Galileo development board; the method is characterized in that: the control method comprises the following steps:
firstly, operating a humidity sensor by a Galileo development board according to a control program, and writing the reading of the humidity sensor into a serial port monitor;
secondly, detecting whether the Internet of things module is connected with the development board by the Galileo development board; if the access is successful, starting to operate the temperature sensor; if the access fails, the user is informed in the serial port monitor, the access of the Internet of things module fails, and the user needs to search the reason to ensure the next operation of the system;
thirdly, after the Galileo development board starts to operate the temperature sensor, recording real-time reading of the measured temperature and humidity into a serial port monitor;
fourthly, the Galileo development board operates the standard clock module according to the control program, and the development board and the standard clock module pass through I2C, data interaction is carried out by the bidirectional bus serial transmission system;
when the bus is not working, the DATA line and the clock line are both kept at high level; when DATA starts to be transmitted, the clock line is still at a high level, the state of the DATA line is changed from a high level to a low level, and this is defined as a start condition; when the DATA transmission is stopped, the clock line is at a high level, the state of the DATA line is changed from a low level to a high level, and this is defined as a stop condition; the state of the DATA line indicates that after a start condition, the DATA line is stable during a high period of the clock signal; at the low period of the clock signal, each bit of data has a clock pulse; then, the standard clock module records the reading time of each temperature and humidity sensor;
and fifthly, the Galileo development board accesses the standard time and the reading results of the temperature and humidity sensors into the Internet of things module, and the user terminal writes a time interval and an uploading frequency for controlling the Internet of things module to upload to the terminal in a control program according to needs.
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Application publication date: 20210625 |