CN113007921B - Boiler waste heat cascade utilization and deep water heat recovery system based on absorption heat pump - Google Patents
Boiler waste heat cascade utilization and deep water heat recovery system based on absorption heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN113007921B CN113007921B CN202110355171.6A CN202110355171A CN113007921B CN 113007921 B CN113007921 B CN 113007921B CN 202110355171 A CN202110355171 A CN 202110355171A CN 113007921 B CN113007921 B CN 113007921B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/04—Heat pumps of the sorption type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/04—Other domestic- or space-heating systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B33/00—Boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B37/00—Absorbers; Adsorbers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
- F28B9/08—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a boiler waste heat cascade utilization and deep water heat recovery system based on an absorption heat pump. The invention realizes deep recycling of waste heat and water of low-temperature flue gas with high moisture content by using the 'embedded' absorption heat pump, wherein the recycled flue gas waste heat is used for heating heat supply network backwater to supply heat, and the recycled water resource is used for supplementing heat supply network water and boiler feed water, thereby realizing deep recycling of the low-temperature flue gas waste heat and the water resource. The invention can effectively solve the problems of metal corrosion, low-temperature cold source preparation and the like in the field of flue gas waste heat recovery, and effectively saves water resources. The invention can use the flue gas waste heat for the cascade heating of the heat supply network backwater in the heating season, effectively enhances the heating capacity of the boiler, reduces the energy consumption, improves the energy utilization efficiency, reduces the environmental impact of the boiler plant, and has considerable economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a boiler waste heat cascade utilization and deep water heat recovery system based on an absorption heat pump.
Background
At present, the high-efficiency pulverized coal industrial boiler system has the remarkable advantages of high combustion efficiency, instant start and instant stop, strong operability and the like, and is widely applied to the steam supply and heating industry. The exhaust gas contains SO2When acid gases and dust are treated, a semi-dry desulfurization technology (high-rate ash-calcium circulation flue gas desulfurization technology) or a wet desulfurization technology is usually adopted, so that harmful gases and dust can be effectively removed to reach the ultra-low emission standard. The treated flue gas has the water vapor content of more than 20 percent, contains a large amount of sensible heat, latent heat and water resources, and increases the heat loss of the flue gas by 0.6 to 1.0 percent and the coal consumption by 1.2 to 2.4 percent when the temperature is increased by 10 ℃. But currently the common treatment method for the flue gas is direct evacuation. The total heat and water of the flue gas are recovered by a certain means, so that the heat efficiency of the boiler can be improved, and water resources can be saved.
The absorption heat pump takes a high-temperature heat source as a driving force, recovers low-temperature heat, can realize deep cooling of boiler flue gas, improves the utilization rate of primary energy, and has the characteristics of remarkable energy saving, low power consumption, less pollution, stable technology and the like. The absorption heat pump technology is utilized to carry out waste heat utilization, and the advantages of conveniently and flexibly realizing the matching of 'quality' and 'quantity' between the heat supply quantity and the user demand and the cascade utilization of energy sources are achieved, so that the absorption heat pump technology is utilized to carry out the flue gas waste heat utilization on the high-efficiency pulverized coal industrial boiler heat supply system, the flexibility and the economical efficiency of the system can be greatly enhanced, and the policy guidance of energy conservation and emission reduction in China is met. However, the absorption heat pump technology is commonly used in coal-fired power plants and gas industrial boilers at present, and related research and application in the field of pulverized coal industrial boilers are lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a boiler waste heat cascade utilization and deep water heat recovery system based on an absorption heat pump. The system can effectively and reliably carry out waste heat gradient utilization and deep water heat recovery of the pulverized coal industrial boiler.
The invention provides a boiler waste heat cascade utilization and deep hydrothermal recovery system based on an absorption heat pump, which comprises a heat supply system, a pollutant removal system and a waste heat utilization system;
the heat supply system comprises an air blower, heat supply network pipe water, a boiler, an induced draft fan and a chimney;
the pollutant removal system comprises a denitration device, a desulfurization device and a dust removal device;
the waste heat utilization system comprises an absorption heat pump, a neutralization filter, a condensate water collector, an economizer and an air preheater;
the absorption heat pump comprises a generator, an absorber, an evaporator, a condenser, a solution heat exchanger, a solution pump and a connecting pipe;
in the absorption heat pump, the generator is arranged in a flue of the boiler;
and the heat supply network backwater of the heat supply network pipe water passes through the condenser and the absorber of the absorption heat pump.
In the boiler waste heat cascade utilization and deep hydrothermal recovery system based on the absorption heat pump, the fuel of the boiler is selected from at least one of biomass and pulverized coal.
The absorption heat pump is a single-effect absorption heat pump or a double-effect absorption heat pump.
The high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump is high-temperature flue gas generated by a boiler;
the low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump is low-temperature flue gas subjected to pollutant removal.
And the return water of the heat supply network returns to the heat supply network after being heated by the absorber and the condenser for the second time for heating.
And the condensed water formed after the heat exchange between the low-temperature flue gas and the absorption heat pump is neutralized and filtered to be used as supplementary water supply for heat supply network water, a desulfurization system and boiler feed water.
Specifically, the specific structure of the system provided by the present invention can be as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2.
The absorption heat pump in fig. 1 is a single-effect absorption heat pump, flue gas generated by a boiler 2 in the absorption heat pump is divided into two parts, one part of flue gas enters a generator 12, one part of flue gas enters a denitration device 3, flue gas flowing out of the denitration device 3 is divided into two parts, one part of flue gas enters a low-temperature heating surface 4 and then enters a desulphurization device 5, the other part of flue gas enters a reheater 7, the flue gas is subjected to heat release and cooling and then enters the desulphurization device 5, two paths of flue gas pass through the desulphurization device and then enter a heat exchanger 6 to be condensed and released heat to form low-humidity dry flue gas, so that the high-temperature flue gas realizes double recovery of sensible heat and latent heat, enters the reheater 7, exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas introduced after passing through the low-temperature heating surface 4, is subjected to a whitening treatment, and enters a chimney 9 through an induced draft fan 8 to be evacuated; in the heat exchanger 6, the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with intermediate water, the flue gas is cooled and condensed water is generated, and the condensed water enters a condensed water collector 11 for collection and then enters a neutralization filter for treatment into usable water; the intermediate water is heated and then enters an evaporator 18, wherein a generator 12 is embedded into a flue of a boiler 2, flue gas generated by the boiler enters a pipeline in the generator, and a sealed solution chamber is arranged on the periphery of the pipeline; the absorber 16 forms a circulation loop with the sealed solution cavity of the generator 12 through a connecting pipe; the solution pump 15 is used for flowing the working medium in the absorber 16 into the generator 12; a solution exchanger 13 is provided on the connection pipe between the generator 12 and the absorber 16 to exchange heat between the liquid entering and exiting the absorber 16; the evaporator 18 is communicated with the absorber 16 through a connecting pipe, and the condenser 17 is respectively connected with the generator 12 and the evaporator 18 through connecting pipes; the intermediate water entering the evaporator 18 releases heat, so that the absorbent is changed into a gaseous state and flows into the absorber 16 to be absorbed by the concentrated absorbent solution, the absorbent solution is changed into a dilute solution and then enters the generator 12 through the solution pump 15, the flue gas is heated in the generator 12 to form a concentrated absorbent solution, and the concentrated solution passes through the throttle valve 14 and then enters the absorber 16, so that the absorbent solution circulates among the absorber 16, the solution pump 15, the generator 12 and the throttle valve 14; the vapor of the absorbed agent generated in the generator 12 enters the condenser 17 to be condensed into the absorbed agent, then enters the evaporator 18 to be heated into the vapor of the absorbed agent, and then enters the absorber 16 to be absorbed by the absorbed agent
The absorption heat pump in fig. 2 is a double-effect absorption heat pump, the flue gas generated by the boiler 2 in the absorption heat pump is divided into two parts, one part of the flue gas enters the high-pressure generator 12, and the other part of the flue gas enters the denitration device 3; the flue gas flowing out of the denitration device 3 is divided into two parts, one part enters the low-temperature heating surface 4 and then enters the desulphurization device 5, the other part enters the reheater 7, the flue gas enters the desulphurization device 5 after being released and cooled, the two paths of flue gas enter the heat exchanger 6 after passing through the desulphurization device for condensation and heat release to form low-humidity dry flue gas, then enter the reheater 7, exchange heat with the high-temperature flue gas introduced after passing through the low-temperature heating surface 4, then undergo whitening treatment, and enter the chimney 9 through the induced draft fan 8 for evacuation;
in the heat exchanger 6, the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with intermediate water, the flue gas is cooled and condensed water is generated, and the condensed water enters a condensed water collector 11 for collection and then enters a neutralization filter for treatment into usable water;
the intermediate water is heated and then enters an evaporator 20, wherein a high-pressure generator 12 is embedded into a flue of a boiler 2, flue gas generated by the boiler enters an inner pipeline of the high-pressure generator 12, and a sealed solution chamber is arranged at the periphery of the pipeline; the high pressure generator 12 is connected with the low pressure generator 15, the absorbed agent steam generated by the high pressure generator 12 enters the low pressure generator, the absorbent solution of the low pressure generator 15 is heated, the high concentration absorbent and the absorbed agent steam are analyzed, the absorbed steam of the high pressure generator 12 after heat release and the absorbed agent steam generated by the low pressure generator 15 are merged and then enter the condenser 19 to be condensed into the absorbed agent; the absorber 18 forms a circulation loop with the sealed solution chambers of the high pressure generator 12 and the low pressure generator 15 through connecting pipes. The solution pump 17 is used for flowing the working medium in the absorber 16 into the high-pressure generator 12 and the low-pressure generator 15; a solution exchanger 13 is provided on a connection pipe between the high pressure generator 12 and the absorber 16, and a solution exchanger 16 is provided on a connection pipe between the low pressure generator 15 and the absorber 18 to exchange heat with the liquid flowing into and out of the absorber 18; the evaporator 20 is communicated with the absorber 18 through a connecting pipe, and the condenser 19 is respectively connected with the low-pressure generator 15 and the evaporator 20 through connecting pipes; the intermediate water entering the evaporator 20 releases heat, so that the absorbent is changed into a gas state and flows into the absorber 18 to be absorbed by the concentrated absorbent solution, the absorbent solution is changed into a dilute solution and then respectively enters the high-pressure generator 12 and the low-pressure generator 15 through the solution pump 13 and the solution pump 16, the high-pressure generator 12 is heated by the flue gas to form a concentrated absorbent solution, the concentrated absorbent solution passes through the throttle valve 17 and then enters the absorber 18, the absorbent solution in the low-pressure generator 15 is heated by absorbent steam generated by the high-pressure generator 12 to form a concentrated absorbent solution, and the concentrated absorbent solution also enters the absorber 18 after passing through the throttle valve 17, so that the absorbent solution circulates among the absorber 18, the solution pump 13, the high-pressure generator 12 and the throttle valve 17 and circulates among the absorber 18, the solution pump 16, the low-pressure generator 15 and the throttle valve 17; the absorbent vapor generated in the low pressure generator 15 and the cooled absorbent vapor generated in the high pressure generator 12 enter the condenser 17 to be condensed into an absorbent, and then enter the evaporator 18 to be heated into absorbent vapor, and then enter the absorber 18 to be absorbed by the absorbent.
In addition, the application of the boiler waste heat step utilization and deep hydrothermal recovery system based on the absorption heat pump provided by the invention in the waste heat step utilization and/or deep hydrothermal recovery of the pulverized coal industrial boiler also belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
The invention provides a method for performing cascade utilization and/or deep hydrothermal recovery on waste heat of a pulverized coal industrial boiler by using a boiler waste heat cascade utilization and deep hydrothermal recovery system based on an absorption heat pump, which is a method I or a method II as follows:
in the first method, the absorption heat pump is single-effect, and the method comprises the following steps: the flue gas generated by a boiler 2 in the absorption heat pump is divided into two parts, one part of the flue gas enters a generator 12, the other part of the flue gas enters a denitration device 3, the flue gas flowing out of the denitration device 3 is divided into two parts, one part of the flue gas enters a low-temperature heated surface 4 and then enters a desulphurization device 5, the other part of the flue gas enters a reheater 7, the flue gas releases heat and is cooled and then enters the desulphurization device 5, the two paths of flue gas pass through the desulphurization device and then enter a heat exchanger 6 for condensation and heat release to form low-humidity dry flue gas, therefore, the high-temperature flue gas realizes double recovery of sensible heat and latent heat, then enters the reheater 7, exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas introduced after passing through the low-temperature heated surface 4, then carries out whitening treatment, and enters a chimney 9 through a draught fan 8 for evacuation;
in the heat exchanger 6, the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with intermediate water, the flue gas is cooled and condensed water is generated, and the condensed water enters a condensed water collector 11 for collection and then enters a neutralization filter for treatment into usable water;
the intermediate water is heated and then enters an evaporator 18, wherein a generator 12 is embedded into a flue of a boiler 2, flue gas generated by the boiler enters an inner pipeline of the generator, and a sealed solution chamber is arranged at the periphery of the pipeline; the absorber 16 forms a circulation loop with the sealed solution cavity of the generator 12 through a connecting pipe; the solution pump 15 is used for flowing the working medium in the absorber 16 into the generator 12; a solution exchanger 13 is provided on the connection pipe between the generator 12 and the absorber 16 to exchange heat between the liquid entering and exiting the absorber 16; the evaporator 18 is communicated with the absorber 16 through a connecting pipe, and the condenser 17 is respectively connected with the generator 12 and the evaporator 18 through connecting pipes; the intermediate water entering the evaporator 18 releases heat, so that the absorbent is changed into a gaseous state and flows into the absorber 16 to be absorbed by the concentrated absorbent solution, the absorbent solution is changed into a dilute solution and then enters the generator 12 through the solution pump 15, the flue gas is heated in the generator 12 to form a concentrated absorbent solution, and the concentrated solution passes through the throttle valve 14 and then enters the absorber 16, so that the absorbent solution circulates among the absorber 16, the solution pump 15, the generator 12 and the throttle valve 14; the vapor of the absorbed agent generated in the generator 12 enters the condenser 17 to be condensed into the absorbed agent, then enters the evaporator 18 to be heated into the vapor of the absorbed agent, and then enters the absorber 16 to be absorbed by the absorbed agent;
in the second method, the absorption heat pump is double-effect, and the method comprises the following steps: the flue gas generated by the boiler 2 in the absorption heat pump is divided into two parts, wherein one part of the flue gas enters the high-pressure generator 12, and the other part of the flue gas enters the denitration device 3; the flue gas flowing out of the denitration device 3 is divided into two parts, one part enters the low-temperature heating surface 4 and then enters the desulphurization device 5, the other part enters the reheater 7, the flue gas enters the desulphurization device 5 after being released heat and cooled, the two paths of flue gas enter the heat exchanger 6 after passing through the desulphurization device for condensation and heat release to form low-humidity dry flue gas, so that the high-temperature flue gas realizes double recovery of sensible heat and latent heat, then enters the reheater 7, exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas introduced after passing through the low-temperature heating surface 4, then carries out whitening treatment, and enters the chimney 9 through the induced draft fan 8 for emptying;
in the heat exchanger 6, the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with intermediate water, the flue gas is cooled and condensed water is generated, and the condensed water enters a condensed water collector 11 for collection and then enters a neutralization filter for treatment into usable water;
the intermediate water is heated and then enters an evaporator 20, wherein a high-pressure generator 12 is embedded into a flue of a boiler 2, flue gas generated by the boiler enters an inner pipeline of the high-pressure generator 12, and a sealed solution chamber is arranged on the periphery of the pipeline; the high pressure generator 12 is connected with the low pressure generator 15, the absorbed agent steam generated by the high pressure generator 12 enters the low pressure generator, the absorbent solution of the low pressure generator 15 is heated, the high concentration absorbent and the absorbed agent steam are analyzed, the absorbed steam of the high pressure generator 12 after heat release and the absorbed agent steam generated by the low pressure generator 15 are merged and then enter the condenser 19 to be condensed into the absorbed agent; the absorber 18 forms a circulation loop with the sealed solution chambers of the high pressure generator 12 and the low pressure generator 15 through connecting pipes. The solution pump 17 is used for flowing the working medium in the absorber 16 into the high-pressure generator 12 and the low-pressure generator 15; a solution exchanger 13 is provided on a connection pipe between the high pressure generator 12 and the absorber 16, and a solution exchanger 16 is provided on a connection pipe between the low pressure generator 15 and the absorber 18 to exchange heat with the liquid flowing into and out of the absorber 18; the evaporator 20 is communicated with the absorber 18 through a connecting pipe, and the condenser 19 is respectively connected with the low-pressure generator 15 and the evaporator 20 through connecting pipes; the medium water entering the evaporator 20 releases heat, so that the absorbent is changed into a gas state and flows into the absorber 18 to be absorbed by the concentrated absorbent solution, the absorbent solution is changed into a dilute solution and then respectively enters the high-pressure generator 12 and the low-pressure generator 15 through the solution pump 13 and the solution pump 16 to be heated by the flue gas in the high-pressure generator 12 to form a concentrated absorbent solution, the concentrated absorbent solution passes through the throttle valve 17 and then enters the absorber 18, and the absorbent solution in the low-pressure generator 15 is heated by the absorbent steam generated by the high-pressure generator 12 to form a concentrated absorbent solution, the concentrated absorbent solution also enters the absorber 18 after passing through the throttle valve 17, so that the absorbent solution circulates among the absorber 18, the solution pump 13, the high-pressure generator 12 and the throttle valve 17 and circulates among the absorber 18, the solution pump 16, the low-pressure generator 15 and the throttle valve 17. The absorbent vapor generated in the low pressure generator 15 and the cooled absorbent vapor generated in the high pressure generator 12 enter the condenser 17 to be condensed into an absorbent, and then enter the evaporator 18 to be heated into absorbent vapor, and then enter the absorber 18 to be absorbed by the absorbent.
The invention realizes deep recycling of waste heat and water of low-temperature flue gas with high moisture content by using an 'embedded' absorption heat pump, wherein the recycled flue gas waste heat is used for heating return water of a heat supply network to supply heat, and the recycled water resource is used for supplementing water supply of the heat supply network and boiler water supply, thereby realizing deep recycling of the low-temperature flue gas waste heat and the water resource. The invention can effectively solve the problems of metal corrosion, low-temperature cold source preparation and the like in the field of flue gas waste heat recovery, and effectively saves water resources. The invention can use the flue gas waste heat for the step heating of the return water of the heat supply network in the heating season, effectively enhances the heat supply capacity of the boiler, reduces the energy consumption, improves the energy utilization efficiency, reduces the environmental impact of the boiler plant, and has considerable economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
1. a blower; 2. a hot water boiler; 3. a coal economizer; 4. an air preheater; 5. NGD desulfurization; 6. a heat collector; 7. a reheater; 8. an induced draft fan; 9. a chimney; 10. a neutralization filter; 11. a condensed water collector; 12. a high voltage generator; 13. a high temperature solution heat exchanger; 14. a pressure reducing valve; 15. a low voltage generator; 16. a low temperature solution heat exchanger; 17. a solution pump; 18. an absorber; 19. a condenser; 20. an evaporator.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The method is a conventional method unless otherwise specified. The starting materials are commercially available from the open literature unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The absorption heat pump of the present embodiment is single-effect. As shown in fig. 1, the absorption heat pump is composed of a generator 12, a solution exchanger 13, a solution pump 15, a throttle valve 14, an absorber 16, a condenser 17, an evaporator 18, and a connection pipe. The blower 1 is connected with the boiler 2, the flue gas generated by the boiler 2 is divided into two parts, one part of the flue gas enters the generator 12, and the other part of the flue gas enters the denitration device 3. The flue gas flowing out of the denitration device 3 is divided into two parts, one part enters the low-temperature heating surface 4 and then enters the desulphurization device 5, the other part enters the reheater 7, the flue gas is subjected to heat release and cooling and then enters the desulphurization device 5, the two paths of flue gas enter the heat exchanger 6 after passing through the desulphurization device and are condensed and released heat to form low-humidity dry flue gas, so that the high-temperature flue gas realizes double recovery of sensible heat and latent heat, then enters the reheater 7, exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas introduced after passing through the low-temperature heating surface 4, is subjected to white elimination treatment, and enters the chimney 9 through the induced draft fan 8 to be evacuated.
In the heat exchanger 6, high temperature flue gas and intermediary water heat transfer, the flue gas is cooled down and produces the comdenstion water, and the comdenstion water gets into condensate water collector 11 and collects, and the device such as reentrant neutralization filter handles into usable water, and this usable water can provide desulphurization unit 5, boiler 2 feedwater and pipe network moisturizing, can realize the recovery effect of water resource in the flue gas.
The intermediate water is heated and enters the evaporator 18, wherein the generator 12 is embedded in a flue of the boiler 2, flue gas generated by the boiler enters a pipeline in the generator, and a sealed solution chamber is arranged on the periphery of the pipeline. The flue gas heats the absorbent solution in the sealed chamber to resolve high-concentration absorbent and absorbed agent steam. The absorber 16 forms a circulation loop through a connection pipe and the sealed solution cavity of the generator 12. The solution pump 15 is used to feed the working fluid in the absorber 16 into the generator 12. The solution exchanger 13 is provided on a connection pipe between the generator 12 and the absorber 16 to exchange heat between the liquids entering and exiting the absorber 16. The evaporator 18 is connected to the absorber 16 through a connection pipe, and the condenser 17 is connected to the generator 12 and the evaporator 18 through connection pipes, respectively. The intermediate water entering the evaporator 18 releases heat, so that the absorbent is changed into a gaseous state, flows into the absorber 16, is absorbed by the concentrated absorbent solution, is changed into a dilute solution, then enters the generator 12 through the solution pump 15, is heated by the flue gas in the generator 12, forms the concentrated absorbent solution, and the concentrated solution passes through the throttle valve 14 and then enters the absorber 16, so that the absorbent solution circulates among the absorber 16, the solution pump 15, the generator 12 and the throttle valve 14. The absorbent vapor generated in the generator 12 enters the condenser 17 to be condensed into an absorbent, and then enters the evaporator 18 to be heated into absorbent vapor, and then enters the absorber 16 to be absorbed by the absorbent. In addition, the absorption process in the absorber 16 and the condensation process in the condenser 17 are both heat release processes, the part of heat is absorbed by a part of return water of the heat supply network, the return water of the heat supply network is heated to be used as boiler feed water, and the heat recovered from the flue gas is used for heating the return water of the heat supply network in the process, so that the purpose of waste heat utilization is achieved.
Example 2:
the absorption heat pump of the embodiment has double effects. As shown in fig. 2, the absorption heat pump is composed of a high pressure generator 12, a high temperature solution exchanger 13, a low pressure generator 15, a low temperature solution exchanger 16, a solution pump 17, a throttle valve 14, an absorber 18, a condenser 19, an evaporator 20, and a connection pipe. The blower 1 is connected with the boiler 2, the flue gas generated by the boiler 2 is divided into two parts, one part of the flue gas enters the high-pressure generator 12, and the other part of the flue gas enters the denitration device 3. The flue gas flowing out of the denitration device 3 is divided into two parts, one part enters the low-temperature heating surface 4 and then enters the desulphurization device 5, the other part enters the reheater 7, the flue gas is subjected to heat release and cooling and then enters the desulphurization device 5, the two paths of flue gas enter the heat exchanger 6 after passing through the desulphurization device and are condensed and released heat to form low-humidity dry flue gas, so that the high-temperature flue gas realizes double recovery of sensible heat and latent heat, then enters the reheater 7, exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas introduced after passing through the low-temperature heating surface 4, is subjected to white elimination treatment, and enters the chimney 9 through the induced draft fan 8 to be evacuated.
In the heat exchanger 6, high temperature flue gas and intermediary water heat transfer, the flue gas is cooled down and produces the comdenstion water, and the comdenstion water gets into condensate water collector 11 and collects, and the device such as reentrant neutralization filter handles into usable water, and this usable water can provide desulphurization unit 5, boiler 2 feedwater and pipe network moisturizing, can realize the recovery effect of water resource in the flue gas.
The intermediate water is heated and then enters the evaporator 20, wherein the high-pressure generator 12 is embedded in a flue of the boiler 2, flue gas generated by the boiler enters a pipeline in the high-pressure generator 12, and a sealed solution chamber is arranged on the periphery of the pipeline. The flue gas heats the absorbent solution in the sealed chamber to resolve high-concentration absorbent and absorbed agent steam. The high pressure generator 12 is connected with the low pressure generator 15, the absorbed agent steam generated by the high pressure generator 12 enters the low pressure generator, the absorbent solution of the low pressure generator 15 is heated, the high concentration absorbent and the absorbed agent steam are analyzed, the absorbed steam of the high pressure generator 12 after heat release and the absorbed agent steam generated by the low pressure generator 15 are merged and then enter the condenser 19 to be condensed into the absorbed agent. The absorber 18 forms a circulation loop with the sealed solution chambers of the high pressure generator 12 and the low pressure generator 15 through connecting pipes. The solution pump 17 is used to pump the working fluid in the absorber 16 into the high pressure generator 12 and the low pressure generator 15. The solution exchanger 13 is provided on a connection pipe between the high pressure generator 12 and the absorber 16, and the solution exchanger 16 is provided on a connection pipe between the low pressure generator 15 and the absorber 18, so that the liquid flowing into and out of the absorber 18 is heat-exchanged. The evaporator 20 is connected to the absorber 18 through a connection pipe, and the condenser 19 is connected to the low pressure generator 15 and the evaporator 20 through connection pipes, respectively. The intermediate water entering the evaporator 20 releases heat, so that the absorbent is changed into a gas state and flows into the absorber 18 to be absorbed by the concentrated absorbent solution, the absorbent solution is changed into a dilute solution and then enters the high-pressure generator 12 and the low-pressure generator 15 through the solution pump 13 and the solution pump 16 respectively, the high-pressure generator 12 is heated by the flue gas to form a concentrated absorbent solution, the concentrated absorbent solution passes through the throttle valve 17 and then enters the absorber 18, the absorbent solution in the low-pressure generator 15 is heated by absorbent steam generated by the high-pressure generator 12 to form a concentrated absorbent solution, the concentrated absorbent solution also enters the absorber 18 after passing through the throttle valve 17, and therefore the absorbent solution circulates among the absorber 18, the solution pump 13, the high-pressure generator 12 and the throttle valve 17 and circulates among the absorber 18, the solution pump 16, the low-pressure generator 15 and the throttle valve 17. The absorbent vapor generated in the low pressure generator 15 and the cooled absorbent vapor generated in the high pressure generator 12 enter the condenser 17 to be condensed into an absorbent, and then enter the evaporator 18 to be heated into absorbent vapor, and then enter the absorber 18 to be absorbed by the absorbent. In addition, the absorption process in the absorber 18 and the condensation process in the condenser 19 are both heat release processes, the part of heat is absorbed by a part of return water of the heat supply network, the return water of the heat supply network is heated to be used as boiler feed water, and the heat recovered from the flue gas is used for heating the return water of the heat supply network in the process, so that the purpose of waste heat utilization is achieved.
Claims (4)
1. A method for carrying out cascade utilization and/or deep hydrothermal recovery on waste heat of a pulverized coal industrial boiler by a boiler waste heat cascade utilization and deep hydrothermal recovery system based on an absorption heat pump is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the boiler waste heat cascade utilization and deep hydrothermal recovery system based on the absorption heat pump comprises a heat supply system, a pollutant removal system and a waste heat utilization system;
the heat supply system comprises an air blower, heat supply network pipe water, a boiler, an induced draft fan and a chimney;
the pollutant removal system comprises a denitration device, a desulfurization device and a dust removal device;
the waste heat utilization system comprises an absorption heat pump, a neutralization filter, a condensate water collector, an economizer and an air preheater;
the absorption heat pump comprises a generator, an absorber, an evaporator, a condenser, a solution heat exchanger, a solution pump and a connecting pipe;
in the absorption heat pump, the generator is arranged in a flue of the boiler;
the return water of the heat supply network pipe passes through the condenser and the absorber of the absorption heat pump;
the high-temperature driving heat source of the absorption heat pump is high-temperature flue gas generated by a boiler;
the low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump is low-temperature flue gas subjected to pollutant removal;
the return water of the heat supply network returns to the heat supply network after being heated by the absorber and the condenser for the second time for heating;
the method is the following one or two:
the method comprises the following steps: the flue gas generated by a boiler (2) in the absorption heat pump is divided into two parts, one part of the flue gas enters a generator (12), the other part of the flue gas enters a denitration device (3), the flue gas flowing out of the denitration device (3) is divided into two parts, one part of the flue gas enters a low-temperature heating surface (4) and then enters a desulphurization device (5), the other part of the flue gas enters a reheater (7), the flue gas releases heat and cools and then enters a desulphurization device (5), the two paths of the flue gas pass through the desulphurization device and then enter a heat exchanger (6) to be condensed and release heat, low-humidity dry flue gas is formed, therefore, sensible heat and latent heat of the high-temperature flue gas are recycled, the high-temperature flue gas enters the reheater (7), and after exchanging heat with the high-temperature flue gas introduced after passing through the low-temperature heating surface (4), the high-temperature flue gas is subjected to whitening treatment, and enters a chimney (9) through an induced draft fan (8) to be evacuated;
in the heat exchanger (6), high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with intermediate water, the flue gas is cooled and condensed water is generated, and the condensed water enters a condensed water collector (11) for collection and then enters a neutralization filter for treatment into usable water;
the intermediate water is heated and then enters an evaporator (18), wherein a generator (12) is embedded into a flue of a boiler (2), flue gas generated by the boiler enters an inner pipeline of the generator, and a sealed solution chamber is arranged at the periphery of the pipeline; the absorber (16) forms a circulation loop with the sealed solution cavity of the generator (12) through a connecting pipe; the solution pump (15) is used for enabling the working medium in the absorber (16) to flow into the generator (12); a solution exchanger (13) is arranged on a connecting pipe between the generator (12) and the absorber (16) to exchange heat between the liquid entering and exiting the absorber (16); the evaporator (18) is communicated with the absorber (16) through a connecting pipe, and the condenser (17) is respectively connected with the generator (12) and the evaporator (18) through connecting pipes; the intermediate water entering the evaporator (18) releases heat, so that the absorbent is changed into a gaseous state and then flows into the absorber (16) to be absorbed by the concentrated absorbent solution, the absorbent solution is changed into a dilute solution and then enters the generator (12) through the solution pump (15), the flue gas is heated in the generator (12) to form a concentrated absorbent solution, and the concentrated absorbent solution passes through the throttle valve (14) and then enters the absorber (16), so that the absorbent solution circulates among the absorber (16), the solution pump (15), the generator (12) and the throttle valve (14); the vapor of the absorbed agent generated in the generator (12) enters the condenser (17) to be condensed into the absorbed agent, then enters the evaporator (18) to be heated into the vapor of the absorbed agent, and then enters the absorber (16) to be absorbed by the absorbed agent;
the second method comprises the following steps: the flue gas generated by the boiler (2) in the absorption heat pump is divided into two parts, wherein one part of the flue gas enters the high-pressure generator (12), and the other part of the flue gas enters the denitration device (3); the flue gas flowing out of the denitration device (3) is divided into two parts, one part enters the low-temperature heating surface (4) and then enters the desulphurization device (5), the other part enters the reheater (7), the flue gas enters the desulphurization device (5) after being released heat and cooled, the two paths of flue gas enter the heat exchanger (6) after passing through the desulphurization device for condensation and heat release to form low-humidity dry flue gas, then enter the reheater (7), and after heat exchange with high-temperature flue gas introduced after the low-temperature heating surface (4), perform whitening treatment, and enter the chimney (9) through the induced draft fan (8) for evacuation;
in the heat exchanger (6), the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with intermediate water, the flue gas is cooled and condensed water is generated, and the condensed water enters a condensed water collector (11) for collection and then enters a neutralization filter for treatment into usable water;
the intermediate water is heated and then enters an evaporator (20), wherein a high-pressure generator (12) is embedded into a flue of a boiler (2), flue gas generated by the boiler enters an inner pipeline of the high-pressure generator (12), and a sealed solution chamber is arranged on the periphery of the pipeline; the high-pressure generator (12) is connected with the low-pressure generator (15), absorbed steam generated by the high-pressure generator (12) enters the low-pressure generator, an absorbent solution of the low-pressure generator (15) is heated, high-concentration absorbent and absorbed steam are resolved out, the absorbed steam of the high-pressure generator (12) after heat release and the absorbed steam generated by the low-pressure generator (15) are merged and then enter the condenser (19) to be condensed into absorbed steam; the absorber (18) forms a circulation loop with the sealed solution cavities of the high-pressure generator (12) and the low-pressure generator (15) through connecting pipes; the solution pump (17) is used for enabling the working medium in the absorber (18) to flow into the high-pressure generator (12) and the low-pressure generator (15); a solution exchanger (13) is provided on a connection pipe between the high pressure generator (12) and the absorber (18), and a solution exchanger (16) is provided on a connection pipe between the low pressure generator (15) and the absorber (18) to perform heat exchange with the liquid flowing into and out of the absorber (18); the evaporator (20) is communicated with the absorber (18) through a connecting pipe, and the condenser (19) is respectively connected with the low-pressure generator (15) and the evaporator (20) through connecting pipes; the intermediate water entering the evaporator (20) releases heat, so that the absorbent is changed into a gas state and flows into the absorber (18), the gas state is absorbed by a concentrated absorbent solution, the absorbent solution is changed into a dilute solution and then enters the high-pressure generator (12) and the low-pressure generator (15) through the solution exchanger (13) and the solution exchanger (16), the high-pressure generator (12) is heated by flue gas to form a concentrated absorbent solution, the concentrated absorbent solution passes through the throttle valve (17) and then enters the absorber (18), the absorbent solution in the low-pressure generator (15) is heated by absorbent steam generated by the high-pressure generator (12) to form a concentrated absorbent solution, and the concentrated absorbent solution also enters the absorber (18) after passing through the throttle valve (17), so that the absorbent solution circulates among the absorber (18), the solution exchanger (13), the high-pressure generator (12) and the throttle valve (17) and circulates among the absorber (18), the solution exchanger (16), the low-pressure generator (15) and the throttle valve (17); the absorbent vapor generated in the low pressure generator (15) and the cooled absorbent vapor generated in the high pressure generator (12) enter a condenser (19) to be condensed into an absorbent, then enter an evaporator (20) to be heated into the absorbent vapor, and then enter an absorber (18) to be absorbed by the absorbent.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the fuel of the boiler is selected from at least one of biomass and pulverized coal.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the absorption heat pump is a single-effect absorption heat pump or a double-effect absorption heat pump.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and the condensed water formed after the heat exchange between the low-temperature flue gas and the absorption heat pump is neutralized and filtered to be used as supplementary water supply for heat supply network water, a desulfurization system and boiler feed water.
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| CN106016835A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-10-12 | 陈丽萍 | System for recycling fuel gas and flue gas waste heat in multistage mode |
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