CN113000209A - Low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier and purification method thereof - Google Patents
Low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier and purification method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113000209A CN113000209A CN202110266105.1A CN202110266105A CN113000209A CN 113000209 A CN113000209 A CN 113000209A CN 202110266105 A CN202110266105 A CN 202110266105A CN 113000209 A CN113000209 A CN 113000209A
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910008051 Si-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910006358 Si—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
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- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/16—Plant or installations having external electricity supply wet type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier which comprises a wet electrostatic purification system and an adsorption purification mechanism connected with the wet electrostatic purification system, wherein the wet electrostatic purification system comprises a shell, and a control electric box and a fire extinguishing system which are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell, a direct-current high-voltage power supply is arranged in the control electric box, and a cylindrical honeycomb electric field electrically connected with the direct-current high-voltage power supply is arranged in the shell. The adsorption and purification mechanism comprises a smoke collecting hood and a plurality of filtering units connected with the smoke collecting hood, a plurality of oil smoke pumping motors are arranged in the smoke collecting hood, the bottoms of the oil smoke pumping motors are connected with filtering pipelines, and each filtering unit comprises a water tank containing oil absorption alkali liquor, and a filter material layer and a vertical filter material net which are arranged in the water tank. One end of the filter pipeline, which is far away from the oil smoke extraction motor, penetrates through the filter material layer and extends into the oil absorption alkali liquor of the water tank box, the vertical filter material net is fixed on the inner wall of the water tank box above the filter material layer, and an exhaust port connected with the vertical filter material net is arranged at the edge of the water tank box, which is close to the opening.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil fume treatment, in particular to a low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier and a purification method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China and the continuous promotion of industrialization and urbanization, the living and consumption levels of people are continuously improved, the industry and the catering industry are rapidly developed, and the oil smoke pollution becomes the focus of attention of people. The oil smoke is generally formed by gasifying and volatilizing aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds with lower boiling points in the heating process, the oil smoke pollution of China mainly comes from the fields of catering industry, textile industry, food processing industry, metal processing industry and the like, on one hand, the oil smoke pollution can affect the working and living environments of people and even the health of people and animals, on the other hand, the overproof emission of the oil smoke can accelerate the formation of photochemical smog and haze, and the atmospheric environment is seriously damaged.
In order to reduce the pollution of oil smoke in a kitchen, the traditional method is that a range hood is mostly installed in the kitchen, at present, domestic range hood equipment has more problems, the range hood equipment mainly embodies that the removal effect of the equipment on oil smoke pollutants is smaller, the oil smoke pollution is not effectively treated, the structural design of the equipment is more complex, and the main technology of the equipment adopts a pumping and exhausting principle. However, the purification method of the range hood can purify the oil fume from home but pollute people, the oil fume is not completely purified but is discharged to the outdoor polluted atmosphere, and especially, the oil fume emission density of large public dining halls concentrated in mouths of factories, colleges and universities is higher, and the pollution of local areas is more serious.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier which can reduce exhausted oil fume pollutants, has a good oil fume purification treatment effect, avoids secondary pollution, has a good effect on purifying air, improves local air quality, and has positive effects on the aspects of improving ecological environment, improving living standard of people and the like.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier comprises a wet electrostatic purification system and an adsorption purification mechanism connected with the wet electrostatic purification system, wherein the wet electrostatic purification system comprises a shell, and a control electric box and a fire extinguishing system which are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell, a direct-current high-voltage power supply is arranged in the control electric box, and a cylindrical honeycomb electric field electrically connected with the direct-current high-voltage power supply is arranged in the shell;
the adsorption and purification mechanism comprises a smoke collecting hood and a plurality of filtering units connected with the smoke collecting hood, a plurality of oil fume extraction motors are arranged in the smoke collecting hood, the bottoms of the oil fume extraction motors are connected with filtering pipelines, and each filtering unit comprises a water tank containing oil absorption alkali liquor, and a filter material layer and a vertical filter material net which are arranged in the water tank;
one end of the filtering pipeline, which is far away from the oil fume extraction motor, penetrates through the filter material layer and extends into the oil absorption alkali liquor of the water tank box, the vertical filter material net is fixed on the inner wall of the water tank box above the filter material layer, and an exhaust port connected with the vertical filter material net is arranged at the edge of the water tank box, which is close to the opening.
Through the technical scheme, the oil fume is purified by combining the wet electrostatic dust removal technology and the physical adsorption technology, so that the exhausted oil fume pollutants can be reduced, the oil fume purification treatment effect is good, secondary pollution is avoided, a good effect on purifying air is achieved, the local air quality is improved, and the oil fume purification device has positive effects on improving the ecological environment, improving the living standard of people and the like. The oil smoke is introduced into the shell and ionized under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, meanwhile, the ionized oil smoke particles are driven in the dust collection area by the electric field, and then the particles in the dust collection area are removed by the liquid generated by the fire extinguishing system.
In the working process, can form the high-efficient deashing of water film in succession, can not receive the resistance influence between particulate matter and dust, secondary raise dust scheduling problem can not appear. The high-voltage discharge electrode enables the electric field to generate a large amount of charges in a high-humidity environment, so that the charged particles of the oil smoke particles and the collision probability among the particles are greatly increased, and the dust removal efficiency is improved. By adopting a wet electrostatic dust removal technology, the device has a good removal effect on chemical substances such as fine particles, ultrafine oil smoke fog drops and the like generated in oil smoke. The purified gas is introduced into a water tank containing oil absorption alkali liquor through a filter pipeline by a smoke exhaust motor, the smoke gas rises after exiting the pipeline, fully reacts with the alkali liquor, enters a filter unit at the open top of the water tank, passes through a filter material layer and a vertical filter material net in sequence, and is discharged from an exhaust port.
Through secondary purification and filtration, the sufficient purification of oil smoke has been realized, it is to solving oil smoke pollution problems that the oil smoke emission density is higher and the population concentrates places such as factory or colleges and universities' public dining room. On one hand, the discharged oil smoke pollutant components are reduced, the local air quality can be effectively improved, and the method is favorable for the body health of surrounding living groups. On the other hand, the oil smoke is visible and mostly appears black because a large amount of solid particles exist in the oil gas, the solid particles in the oil smoke are reduced by filtration, the ground environment of living places of people is improved, the cleaning workload is reduced to a certain extent, and the living environment of people is effectively improved.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the shell is provided with a front variable diameter air pipe and a rear variable diameter air pipe, the front variable diameter air pipe is connected with the front end face of the shell in a sealing manner, and the rear variable diameter air pipe is connected with the rear end face of the shell in a sealing manner;
one end of the rear reducing air pipe, which is far away from the shell, is hermetically connected with an air outlet pipeline, and the other end of the air outlet pipeline is connected with the fume collecting hood.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the transmission rate of oil smoke can be changed in the setting of preceding reducing tuber pipe and back reducing tuber pipe, and the pipeline of giving vent to anger makes collection petticoat pipe and casing be connected, and the oil smoke of being convenient for carries out secondary filter after the ionization, has improved the efficiency that the pollutant was got rid of in the oil smoke.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the cylinder honeycomb electric field comprises a plurality of anode cylinders and cathode needles which are respectively fixed in the anode cylinders, insulating support columns are installed on the anode cylinders, and high-voltage direct current is connected between the cathode needles and the anode cylinders.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the design of drum honeycomb electric field has improved oil smoke treatment effeciency greatly, and the treatment rate can reach more than 90%, and drum honeycomb electric field is quick detachable, installation, convenient washing, maintenance and maintenance. The power of the equipment can be flexibly adjusted by selecting the direct-current high-voltage power supply, so that on one hand, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the service and maintenance period of the equipment can be prolonged; on the other hand, the frequency of spark discharge generated when the oil accumulation of the electric field is excessive can be effectively avoided, and the safety is improved.
The oil smoke is ionized under the action of DC high voltage of the metal discharge wire, the ionized oil smoke particles are driven by the electric field in the dust collection area, and then the liquid is used for removing the particles in the dust collection area. In the working process, a water film can be continuously formed to efficiently remove ash, the influence of the resistance between particles and dust is avoided, and the problems of secondary dust emission and the like are avoided; the high-voltage discharge electrode enables an electric field to generate a large amount of charges in a high-humidity environment, so that charged particles of oil smoke particles and collision probability among the particles are greatly increased, the dust removal efficiency is improved, and the high-voltage discharge electrode has a good removal effect on chemical substances such as fine particles and ultrafine oil smoke fog drops generated in oil smoke.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the fire extinguishing system comprises a spray cleaning device and a plurality of wide-angle solid circular ceramic nozzles connected with the spray cleaning device, and the wide-angle solid circular ceramic nozzles are arranged on the inner wall of the shell;
the spraying cleaning device is characterized in that a temperature sensor is arranged in the shell, a hydraulic control valve is arranged in the spraying cleaning device, and the temperature sensor is connected with the hydraulic control valve through a single chip microcomputer.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, temperature sensor's output signal can direct control water control valve, and the solid circular ceramic nozzle of wide angle leads to pipe and fire control delivery pipe connection. When the temperature is too high or the fire is generated, the temperature sensor gives an alarm, and the hydraulic control valve is automatically opened to take spraying, cooling and fire extinguishing measures, so that the fire can be restrained before further expansion. The additional installation of a fire extinguishing system is a key of the low-altitude electrostatic oil smoke purifier different from general electrostatic oil smoke treatment equipment, and the low-altitude electrostatic oil smoke purifier can safely treat high-temperature and high-concentration oil smoke, effectively reduce the fire hazard of the equipment and avoid casualties and property loss caused by the fire of the equipment.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the direct-current high-voltage power supply adopts a digital circuit to control high-frequency PWM waves to generate high voltage.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, so set up and be convenient for adjust high tension current according to the oil smoke flow to reduce electric field discharge probability and spark discharge's energy, have high-efficient, safe, energy-conserving characteristics.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the outer side wall of the water tank box is provided with a water inlet valve, and the bottom of the water tank box is provided with a water outlet valve.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of water intaking valve is convenient for let in oil absorption alkali lye toward the basin incasement, and the setting of outlet valve is convenient for discharge the alkali lye after the long-time reaction to regularly change new oil absorption alkali lye, improved the practicality.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the filter material layer is configured into a sepiolite filter material layer, and the vertical filter material net is configured into a modified fiber vertical filter material net.
Through the technical scheme, the sepiolite in the sepiolite filter bed is a fibrous silicate clay mineral rich in magnesium, and has adsorbability, rheological property and catalytic property. The adsorption capacity of the sepiolite powder is directly related to the specific surface area, and the surface area of the sepiolite powder can reach 800-900 square meters per gram, wherein the internal surface area is 500 square meters per gram, and the external surface area is 400 square meters per gram. Sepiolite can separate out 3 types of adsorption active centers: oxygen atoms in silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons; water molecules coordinated with magnesium ions on the lateral surface of the octahedron; and the Si-OH ion groups are generated by breaking Si-O-Si bonds on the surface outside the tetrahedron. These Si-OH ionic groups are capable of interacting with molecules adsorbed on the sepiolite surface and have the ability to form covalent bonds with certain organic reagents. In the environmental protection field, the specific surface area is second to that of activated carbon, but the price is quite low.
The modified fiber ball in the modified fiber vertical filter material net is processed by modified fiber tows prepared by copolymer spinning, and the adsorption capacity to oil and organic matters is enhanced. The modified fiber ball adopts a novel ligation mode, the porosity of the filter layer is gradually reduced along the water flow direction during operation, an ideal pore distribution state of the filter material with big top and small bottom is formed, the filtering effect is better, and the filtering speed is high. The mechanism of removing oil and organic matters by the modified fiber balls is as follows: direct interception, inertial interception and electrochemical adsorption. The modified fiber is hydrophilic and oleophobic, oil stains adhered to the surface of the modified fiber can be cleaned during backwashing, and the backwashing regeneration performance is good.
In the smoke treatment process, the oil smoke is fully purified by firstly absorbing alkali liquor and then selecting novel materials such as modified fiber filter materials, sepiolite and the like for adsorption. The oil smoke purification device has the advantages of simple structure, low price, convenient operation and use, low cleaning and subsequent maintenance cost, good oil smoke purification treatment effect and longer service life, can reduce the pollution to the environment caused by the oil smoke emission of large public dining halls concentrated in mouths of factories, universities and the like, and has positive effects on the aspects of improving the ecological environment, improving the living standard of people and the like.
A purification method of a low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier comprises the following steps:
s1, the cylindrical honeycomb electric field is used for preliminarily blocking and intercepting the oil smoke entering the shell;
s2, ionizing most oil smoke by a high-voltage electrostatic field, and simultaneously spraying water mist generated by the wide-angle solid circular ceramic spray head to a release electrode area and a corona area directly, wherein the water mist splits charges in the corona area under the action of electric field force;
s3, under the effects of atomization, electric field force and efficiency of a charge field, the oil smoke enables the emissions to generate violent collision;
and S4, pumping the residual oil smoke into the oil absorption alkali liquor in the water tank through the air outlet pipeline by the oil smoke pumping motor, filtering the reacted gas in the oil absorption alkali liquor by the filter material layer, diffusing the gas to the upper part of the filter material layer, secondarily filtering the gas by the vertical filter material net, and discharging the gas through the exhaust port.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention combines the wet electrostatic dust collection technology and the physical adsorption technology to purify the oil smoke, can reduce the exhausted oil smoke pollutants, has good oil smoke purification treatment effect, avoids secondary pollution, has better effect on purifying air, promotes the local air quality, and has positive effects on improving the ecological environment, improving the living standard of people and the like. The oil smoke is introduced into the shell and ionized under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, meanwhile, the ionized oil smoke particles are driven in the dust collection area by the electric field, and then the particles in the dust collection area are removed by the liquid generated by the fire extinguishing system.
In the working process, can form the high-efficient deashing of water film in succession, can not receive the resistance influence between particulate matter and dust, secondary raise dust scheduling problem can not appear. The high-voltage discharge electrode enables the electric field to generate a large amount of charges in a high-humidity environment, so that the charged particles of the oil smoke particles and the collision probability among the particles are greatly increased, and the dust removal efficiency is improved. By adopting a wet electrostatic dust removal technology, the device has a good removal effect on chemical substances such as fine particles, ultrafine oil smoke fog drops and the like generated in oil smoke. The purified gas is introduced into a water tank containing oil absorption alkali liquor through a filter pipeline by a smoke exhaust motor, the smoke gas rises after exiting the pipeline, fully reacts with the alkali liquor, enters a filter unit at the open top of the water tank, passes through a filter material layer and a vertical filter material net in sequence, and is discharged from an exhaust port.
Through secondary purification and filtration, the sufficient purification of oil smoke has been realized, it is to solving oil smoke pollution problems that the oil smoke emission density is higher and the population concentrates places such as factory or colleges and universities' public dining room. On one hand, the discharged oil smoke pollutant components are reduced, the local air quality can be effectively improved, and the method is favorable for the body health of surrounding living groups. On the other hand, the oil smoke is visible and mostly appears black because a large amount of solid particles exist in the oil gas, the solid particles in the oil smoke are reduced by filtration, the ground environment of living places of people is improved, the cleaning workload is reduced to a certain extent, and the living environment of people is effectively improved.
2. The design of the cylindrical honeycomb electric field greatly improves the oil fume treatment efficiency, the treatment rate can reach more than 90%, and the cylindrical honeycomb electric field is easy to disassemble and assemble and convenient to clean, maintain and overhaul. The power of the equipment can be flexibly adjusted by selecting the direct-current high-voltage power supply, so that on one hand, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the service and maintenance period of the equipment can be prolonged; on the other hand, the frequency of spark discharge generated when the oil accumulation of the electric field is excessive can be effectively avoided, and the safety is improved.
3. The output signal of the temperature sensor can directly control the hydraulic control valve, and the wide-angle solid circular ceramic nozzle is connected with a fire-fighting water supply pipe through a water pipe. When the temperature is too high or the fire is generated, the temperature sensor gives an alarm, and the hydraulic control valve is automatically opened to take spraying, cooling and fire extinguishing measures, so that the fire can be restrained before further expansion. The additional installation of a fire extinguishing system is a key of the low-altitude electrostatic oil smoke purifier different from general electrostatic oil smoke treatment equipment, and the low-altitude electrostatic oil smoke purifier can safely treat high-temperature and high-concentration oil smoke, effectively reduce the fire hazard of the equipment and avoid casualties and property loss caused by the fire of the equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a housing; 11. a front variable diameter air duct; 12. a rear variable diameter air duct; 13. an air outlet pipe; 2. controlling an electric box; 3. a fire suppression system; 31. a spray cleaning device; 32. a wide-angle solid circular ceramic showerhead; 4. a smoke collecting hood; 41. a fume extracting motor; 42. a filtration pipeline; 5. a filtration unit; 51. a water tank; 52. a filter material layer; 53. a vertical filter material net; 54. a water inlet valve; 55. a water outlet valve; 6. an exhaust port; 7. a cylindrical honeycomb electric field; 71. an anode cylinder; 72. a cathode pin; 73. and an insulating support.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier disclosed by the invention comprises a wet electrostatic purification system and an adsorption purification mechanism connected with the wet electrostatic purification system, wherein the wet electrostatic purification system comprises a shell 1, and a control electric box 2 and a fire extinguishing system 3 which are respectively installed on two sides of the shell 1, a direct-current high-voltage power supply is arranged in the control electric box 2, and a cylindrical honeycomb electric field 7 electrically connected with the direct-current high-voltage power supply is arranged in the shell 1.
The adsorption purification mechanism comprises a smoke collecting hood 4 and a plurality of filter units 5 connected with the smoke collecting hood 4, a plurality of smoke exhaust motors 41 are arranged in the smoke collecting hood 4, the bottoms of the smoke exhaust motors 41 are connected with filter pipelines 42, and each filter unit 5 comprises a water tank 51 containing oil absorption alkali liquor, and a filter material layer 52 and a vertical filter material net 53 which are arranged in the water tank 51.
One end of the filter pipeline 42 far away from the smoke exhaust ventilator motor 41 penetrates through the filter material layer 52 and extends into the oil absorption alkali liquor of the water tank 51, the vertical filter material net 53 is fixed on the inner wall of the water tank 51 above the filter material layer 52, and the edge of the water tank 51 close to the opening is provided with an exhaust port 6 connected with the vertical filter material net 53.
In the present embodiment, the filter material layer 52 is configured as a sepiolite filter material layer, and the vertical filter material net 53 is configured as a modified fiber vertical filter material net. Wherein the sepiolite in the sepiolite filter layer is a fibrous silicate clay mineral rich in magnesium, and has adsorbability, rheological property and catalytic property. The adsorption capacity of the sepiolite powder is directly related to the specific surface area, and the surface area of the sepiolite powder can reach 800-900 square meters per gram, wherein the internal surface area is 500 square meters per gram, and the external surface area is 400 square meters per gram. Sepiolite can separate out 3 types of adsorption active centers: oxygen atoms in silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons; water molecules coordinated with magnesium ions on the lateral surface of the octahedron; and the Si-OH ion groups are generated by breaking Si-O-Si bonds on the surface outside the tetrahedron. These Si-OH ionic groups are capable of interacting with molecules adsorbed on the sepiolite surface and have the ability to form covalent bonds with certain organic reagents. In the environmental protection field, the specific surface area is second to that of activated carbon, but the price is quite low.
The modified fiber ball in the modified fiber vertical filter material net is processed by modified fiber tows prepared by copolymer spinning, and the adsorption capacity to oil and organic matters is enhanced. The modified fiber ball adopts a novel ligation mode, the porosity of the filter layer is gradually reduced along the water flow direction during operation, an ideal pore distribution state of the filter material with big top and small bottom is formed, the filtering effect is better, and the filtering speed is high. The mechanism of removing oil and organic matters by the modified fiber balls is as follows: direct interception, inertial interception and electrochemical adsorption. The modified fiber is hydrophilic and oleophobic, oil stains adhered to the surface of the modified fiber can be cleaned during backwashing, and the backwashing regeneration performance is good.
In the smoke treatment process, the oil smoke is fully purified by firstly absorbing alkali liquor and then selecting novel materials such as modified fiber filter materials, sepiolite and the like for adsorption. The oil smoke purification device has the advantages of simple structure, low price, convenient operation and use, low cleaning and subsequent maintenance cost, good oil smoke purification treatment effect and longer service life, can reduce the pollution to the environment caused by the oil smoke emission of large public dining halls concentrated in mouths of factories, universities and the like, and has positive effects on the aspects of improving the ecological environment, improving the living standard of people and the like.
Wherein, the casing 1 is provided with a front variable diameter air duct 11 and a rear variable diameter air duct 12, the front variable diameter air duct 11 is connected with the front end face of the casing 1 in a sealing manner, and the rear variable diameter air duct 12 is connected with the rear end face of the casing 1 in a sealing manner. One end of the rear reducing air pipe 12 far away from the shell 1 is hermetically connected with an air outlet pipeline 13, and the other end of the air outlet pipeline 13 is connected with the fume collecting hood 4. The arrangement of the front variable diameter air pipe 11 and the rear variable diameter air pipe 12 can change the transmission rate of the oil smoke, the exhaust pipeline 13 enables the smoke collecting hood 4 to be connected with the shell 1, the oil smoke is convenient to be secondarily filtered after being ionized, and the efficiency of removing pollutants in the oil smoke is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, the cylindrical honeycomb electric field 7 includes a plurality of anode cylinders 71 and cathode pins 72 respectively fixed in the anode cylinders 71, wherein the anode cylinders 71 are provided with insulating pillars 73, and high voltage direct current is connected between the cathode pins 72 and the anode cylinders 71.
The design of the cylindrical honeycomb electric field 7 greatly improves the oil fume treatment efficiency, the treatment rate can reach more than 90%, and the cylindrical honeycomb electric field 7 is easy to disassemble and assemble and convenient to clean, maintain and overhaul. The power of the equipment can be flexibly adjusted by selecting the direct-current high-voltage power supply, so that on one hand, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the service and maintenance period of the equipment can be prolonged; on the other hand, the frequency of spark discharge generated when the oil accumulation of the electric field is excessive can be effectively avoided, and the safety is improved.
The oil smoke is ionized under the action of DC high voltage of the metal discharge wire, the ionized oil smoke particles are driven by the electric field in the dust collection area, and then the liquid is used for removing the particles in the dust collection area. In the working process, a water film can be continuously formed to efficiently remove ash, the influence of the resistance between particles and dust is avoided, and the problems of secondary dust emission and the like are avoided; the high-voltage discharge electrode enables an electric field to generate a large amount of charges in a high-humidity environment, so that charged particles of oil smoke particles and collision probability among the particles are greatly increased, the dust removal efficiency is improved, and the high-voltage discharge electrode has a good removal effect on chemical substances such as fine particles and ultrafine oil smoke fog drops generated in oil smoke.
Referring to fig. 1, the fire extinguishing system 3 includes a spray cleaning device 31 and a plurality of wide-angle solid circular ceramic nozzles 32 connected to the spray cleaning device 31, the plurality of wide-angle solid circular ceramic nozzles 32 being installed on an inner wall of the housing 1. A temperature sensor is arranged in the shell 1, a hydraulic control valve is arranged in the spraying and cleaning device 31, and the temperature sensor is connected with the hydraulic control valve through a single chip microcomputer.
The output signal of the temperature sensor can directly control the hydraulic control valve, and the wide-angle solid circular ceramic nozzle 32 is connected with a fire-fighting water supply pipe through a water pipe. When the temperature is too high or the fire is generated, the temperature sensor gives an alarm, and the hydraulic control valve is automatically opened to take spraying, cooling and fire extinguishing measures, so that the fire can be restrained before further expansion. The additional installation of the fire extinguishing system 3 is the key of the low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier different from general electrostatic oil fume treatment equipment, and the low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier can safely treat high-temperature and high-concentration oil fume, effectively reduce the fire hazard of the equipment and avoid casualties and property loss caused by the fire of the equipment.
In this embodiment, the dc high-voltage power supply adopts a digital circuit to control the high-frequency PWM wave to generate high voltage, so that the high-voltage current can be conveniently adjusted according to the oil smoke flow, thereby reducing the probability of electric field discharge and the energy of spark discharge, and having the characteristics of high efficiency, safety and energy saving.
Referring to fig. 1, a water inlet valve 54 is disposed on the outer side wall of the water tank 51, a water outlet valve 55 is disposed at the bottom of the water tank 51, the water inlet valve 54 is disposed to facilitate introduction of oil-absorbing alkali liquor into the water tank 51, and the water outlet valve 55 is disposed to facilitate discharge of the alkali liquor after long-time reaction, so as to periodically replace new oil-absorbing alkali liquor, thereby improving the practicability.
A purification method of a low-altitude electrostatic oil fume purifier comprises the following steps:
s1, the cylindrical honeycomb electric field 7 primarily blocks and intercepts the oil smoke entering the shell 1;
s2, ionizing most oil smoke by a high-voltage electrostatic field, and simultaneously spraying water mist generated by the wide-angle solid circular ceramic nozzle 32 to a release electrode area and a corona area directly, wherein the water mist splits charges in the corona area under the action of electric field force;
s3, under the effects of atomization, electric field force and efficiency of a charge field, the oil smoke enables the emissions to generate violent collision;
s4, the smoke exhaust motor 41 pumps the residual smoke into the oil absorption alkali liquor in the water tank 51 through the air outlet pipe 13, the reacted gas generates cavitation effect in the oil absorption alkali liquor, is filtered by the filter material layer 52, then is diffused to the upper part of the filter material layer 52, is secondarily filtered by the vertical filter material net 53, and then is discharged through the exhaust port 6.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: the invention combines the wet electrostatic dust collection technology and the physical adsorption technology to purify the oil smoke, can reduce the exhausted oil smoke pollutants, has good oil smoke purification treatment effect, avoids secondary pollution, has better effect on purifying air, promotes the local air quality, and has positive effects on improving the ecological environment, improving the living standard of people and the like. The oil smoke is introduced into the shell 1 and ionized under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, meanwhile, the ionized oil smoke particles are driven in the dust collection area by the electric field, and then the particles in the dust collection area are removed by the liquid generated by the fire extinguishing system 3.
In the working process, can form the high-efficient deashing of water film in succession, can not receive the resistance influence between particulate matter and dust, secondary raise dust scheduling problem can not appear. The high-voltage discharge electrode enables the electric field to generate a large amount of charges in a high-humidity environment, so that the charged particles of the oil smoke particles and the collision probability among the particles are greatly increased, and the dust removal efficiency is improved. By adopting a wet electrostatic dust removal technology, the device has a good removal effect on chemical substances such as fine particles, ultrafine oil smoke fog drops and the like generated in oil smoke. The purified gas is introduced into a water tank 51 containing oil absorption alkali liquor through a filter pipeline 42 by a smoke exhaust motor 41, the smoke gas rises after exiting the pipeline, fully reacts with the alkali liquor, enters a filter unit 5 at the open top of the water tank 51, passes through a filter material layer 52 and a vertical filter material net 53 in sequence, and is discharged from an exhaust port 6.
Through secondary purification and filtration, the sufficient purification of oil smoke has been realized, it is to solving oil smoke pollution problems that the oil smoke emission density is higher and the population concentrates places such as factory or colleges and universities' public dining room. On one hand, the discharged oil smoke pollutant components are reduced, the local air quality can be effectively improved, and the method is favorable for the body health of surrounding living groups. On the other hand, the oil smoke is visible and mostly appears black because a large amount of solid particles exist in the oil gas, the solid particles in the oil smoke are reduced by filtration, the ground environment of living places of people is improved, the cleaning workload is reduced to a certain extent, and the living environment of people is effectively improved.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a low latitude electrostatic fume purifier which characterized in that: the system comprises a wet electrostatic purification system and an adsorption purification mechanism connected with the wet electrostatic purification system, wherein the wet electrostatic purification system comprises a shell (1), and a control electric box (2) and a fire extinguishing system (3) which are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell (1), a direct-current high-voltage power supply is arranged in the control electric box (2), and a cylindrical honeycomb electric field (7) electrically connected with the direct-current high-voltage power supply is arranged in the shell (1);
the adsorption and purification mechanism comprises a smoke collecting hood (4) and a plurality of filtering units (5) connected with the smoke collecting hood (4), a plurality of oil smoke pumping motors (41) are arranged in the smoke collecting hood (4), the bottoms of the oil smoke pumping motors (41) are connected with filtering pipelines (42), and each filtering unit (5) comprises a water tank box (51) containing oil absorption alkali liquor, and a filter material layer (52) and a vertical filter material net (53) which are arranged in the water tank box (51);
one end, far away from the oil fume extraction motor (41), of the filtering pipeline (42) penetrates through the filter material layer (52) and extends to the oil absorption alkali liquor of the water tank box (51), the vertical filter material net (53) is fixed above the filter material layer (52) on the inner wall of the water tank box (51), and an exhaust port (6) connected with the vertical filter material net (53) is arranged at the position, close to the edge of the opening, of the water tank box (51).
2. The low level electrostatic cooking fume purifier as recited in claim 1, wherein: the shell (1) is provided with a front variable diameter air pipe (11) and a rear variable diameter air pipe (12), the front variable diameter air pipe (11) is connected with the front end face of the shell (1) in a sealing manner, and the rear variable diameter air pipe (12) is connected with the rear end face of the shell (1) in a sealing manner;
the rear reducing air pipe (12) is far away from one end of the shell (1) is hermetically connected with an air outlet pipeline (13), and the other end of the air outlet pipeline (13) is connected with the smoke collecting hood (4).
3. The low level electrostatic cooking fume purifier as recited in claim 1, wherein: the cylinder honeycomb electric field (7) comprises a plurality of anode cylinders (71) and cathode needles (72) which are respectively fixed in the anode cylinders (71), insulating support columns (73) are installed on the anode cylinders (71), and high-voltage direct current is connected between the cathode needles (72) and the anode cylinders (71).
4. The low level electrostatic cooking fume purifier as recited in claim 1, wherein: the fire extinguishing system (3) comprises a spraying cleaning device (31) and a plurality of wide-angle solid circular ceramic spray heads (32) connected with the spraying cleaning device (31), and the wide-angle solid circular ceramic spray heads (32) are arranged on the inner wall of the shell (1);
the spraying cleaning device is characterized in that a temperature sensor is arranged in the shell (1), a hydraulic control valve is arranged in the spraying cleaning device (31), and the temperature sensor is connected with the hydraulic control valve through a single chip microcomputer.
5. The low level electrostatic cooking fume purifier as recited in claim 1, wherein: the direct-current high-voltage power supply adopts a digital circuit to control high-frequency PWM waves to generate high voltage.
6. The low level electrostatic cooking fume purifier as recited in claim 1, wherein: the outer side wall of the water tank (51) is provided with a water inlet valve (54), and the bottom of the water tank (51) is provided with a water outlet valve (55).
7. The low level electrostatic cooking fume purifier as recited in claim 1, wherein: the filter material layer (52) is configured to be a sepiolite filter material layer, and the vertical filter material net (53) is configured to be a modified fiber vertical filter material net.
8. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, the cylindrical honeycomb electric field (7) conducts primary blocking and intercepting on the oil smoke entering the shell (1);
s2, ionizing most oil smoke by a high-voltage electrostatic field, and simultaneously spraying water mist generated by the wide-angle solid circular ceramic nozzle (32) to a release electrode area and a corona area directly, wherein the water mist splits charges in the corona area under the action of an electric field force;
s3, under the effects of atomization, electric field force and efficiency of a charge field, the oil smoke enables the emissions to generate violent collision;
s4, pumping the residual oil smoke into the oil absorption alkali liquor in the water tank (51) through the air outlet pipeline (13) by the oil smoke pumping motor (41), generating cavitation effect in the oil absorption alkali liquor by the reacted gas, filtering the cavitation effect by the filter material layer (52), diffusing the cavitation effect to the upper part of the filter material layer (52), secondarily filtering the cavitation effect by the vertical filter material net (53), and discharging the cavitation effect through the exhaust port (6).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113751199A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-12-07 | 山东海林环保设备工程有限公司 | A kind of wet electrostatic precipitator over-temperature protection device and over-temperature protection method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210622 |