CN112987825A - Control algorithm and control system for preparing alkali liquor in waste incineration industry - Google Patents
Control algorithm and control system for preparing alkali liquor in waste incineration industry Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste incineration tail gas treatment, and particularly relates to a control algorithm and a control system for alkali liquor preparation in the waste incineration industry, wherein the control algorithm for alkali liquor preparation in the waste incineration industry comprises the following steps: setting relevant parameters for preparing alkali liquor; acquiring addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters; and the alkali liquor is prepared according to the addition parameters, so that the stability of the proportioning concentration of the alkali liquor is improved, the operation is convenient and simple, the fluctuation of a system is reduced, the utilization rate of the alkali liquor is improved, the unnecessary material consumption is reduced, and the operation cost of a waste incineration power generation enterprise is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste incineration tail gas treatment, and particularly relates to a control algorithm and a control system for alkali liquor preparation in the waste incineration industry.
Background
The garbage incineration is an economical and efficient garbage disposal scheme at present, has the characteristics of harmlessness, reduction, resource utilization and the like, and is widely developed in China in recent years. Pollutants generated after the incineration of the garbage are mainly concentrated in the emission of flue gas, wherein the pollutants contain dust and SO2、HCl、NOxHeavy metal, dioxin and other pollutants can cause great pollution to the environmentDyeing, and discharging after purification reaches the standard.
Aiming at SO in flue gas2And HCl and other acidic gases, the existing garbage power plant mostly adopts a semidry method for deacidification, has the characteristics of higher efficiency and can meet the existing emission standard (the control standard for pollutants generated by burning household garbage GB18485-2014 SO)2<100mg/Nm3；HCl<60mg/Nm3When added in sufficient quantity, the additive can meet the European Union 2010 standard SO2<50mg/Nm3；HCl<10mg/Nm3) (ii) a Dry slag tapping is carried out without a water treatment system. However, with the increasingly strict environmental requirements, the efficiency of the semi-dry method cannot meet the more strict emission standard, and meanwhile, a large amount of fly ash generated by the semi-dry method is used as hazardous waste, so that the treatment difficulty is increased, and therefore, a part of projects need to adopt a wet method process with higher efficiency.
Different from a thermal power plant, the content of HCl in flue gas of a garbage power plant is very high, and if a conventional limestone-gypsum method is adopted, CaCl in slurry is caused by the existence of HCl2Increased content of CaCO3The dissolution and absorption effects of (2) cause the efficiency of the wet process to be reduced and the blocking risk to be increased. Therefore, NaOH wet deacidification is mainly adopted in the waste incineration industry at present, and salts generated in the reaction are soluble matters, so that the waste incineration industry is high in efficiency, free of problems such as blockage and the like. As the liquid caustic soda is generally convenient to transport and safe with 30% concentration, most of acidic substances are removed by the semidry method, such as the original 30% alkaline liquid, and the addition amount is too small to be controlled conveniently. As the solubility of the alkali liquor and the temperature have great relationship, the alkali can be crystallized and separated out to block the pipeline in winter. So the process requires that about 10 percent of alkali liquor is used after being diluted.
Today, how to effectively control material consumption on the basis of ensuring technical indexes of all aspects is a practical problem facing the development of enterprises. The stability of the concentration ratio of the diluted alkali liquor is directly related to the stability of production and the consumption of materials.
The existing control mode only provides a simple proportioning calculation method: and calculating the weight of the alkali liquor and the weight of the water according to the percentage and the total amount of the concentration, measuring the materials through a liquid level system, and then stirring without considering the relationship among the concentration, the density and the temperature of the alkali liquor. According to the reflection of field production personnel, through their sampling inspection: the actual concentration can be different from the set concentration by more than one time. Because the error is big, the alkali liquor amount is controlled manually according to experience in most production, and the work load is increased, which causes large material consumption.
Therefore, a new alkali liquor preparation control algorithm and a new alkali liquor preparation control system for the waste incineration industry need to be designed based on the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control algorithm and a control system for preparing alkali liquor in the waste incineration industry.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an alkali liquor preparation control algorithm for the waste incineration industry, which comprises the following steps:
setting relevant parameters for preparing alkali liquor;
acquiring addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters; and
preparing the alkali liquor according to the addition parameters.
Further, the method for setting relevant parameters of lye preparation comprises the following steps:
the relevant parameters include: total liquid preparation amount WtotalThe original concentration eta of the alkali liquor0And the concentration eta of the diluted alkali liquor1And water requirement W.
Further, the method for obtaining the addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters comprises the following steps:
according to the measured storage tank temperature T0The original concentration eta of the alkali liquor0Obtaining the original density rho of the alkali liquor by a linear interpolation method according to a standard table0；
According to the measured storage tank temperature T1And the concentration eta of the diluted alkali liquor1Obtaining the density rho of the diluted alkali liquor by a linear interpolation method according to a standard table1；
Wherein y is an actually detected temperature value; y is1，y2Is a standard temperature value; x is the actual alkali liquor concentration; x is the number of1，x2Concentration values that are standard; z is a radical of1，z2，z3，z4The alkali liquor density value is corresponding to the standard temperature value and the concentration value; z is the density value which needs to be solved actually;
the height of the diluted alkali liquor is as follows:
the unit is mm;
wherein r is the radius of the dilution tank and the unit is m;
the water quantity required by the prepared solution is as follows:
the unit is kg;
the amount of the raw solution to be added is:
the unit is kg;
the water content in the amount of the raw solution to be added is as follows:
the unit is kg;
the height of the newly added water amount is as follows:
the unit is mm;
the newly added water amount is (M)1-M3) In kg.
Further, the method for preparing the alkali liquor according to the addition parameters comprises the following steps:
after the addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process are obtained, delaying for a first preset time when all motors are free of faults, and then opening a demineralized water inlet valve.
Further, the method for preparing the alkali liquor according to the addition parameters further comprises the following steps:
when the water quantity reaches a set value and all the valves are in an automatic state, the water inlet valve for the demineralized water is closed.
Further, the method for preparing the alkali liquor according to the addition parameters further comprises the following steps:
when all valves have no faults, closing the demineralized water inlet valve in place, and opening the concentrated alkali adding valve; and
when the outlet valve and the material returning valve of the preparation tank are closed in place and the concentrated alkali adding valve is opened in place, the caustic soda diluting pump is started.
Further, the method for preparing the alkali liquor according to the addition parameters further comprises the following steps:
when the liquid level exceeds the limit fault and the alkali adding liquid level reaches, closing the caustic soda dilution pump, closing the concentrated alkali adding valve and opening the stirrer;
and when the liquid level exceeds the preset height after preparation, closing the caustic soda dilution pump, closing the concentrated alkali adding valve in place, delaying for a second preset time, and closing the stirrer to finish the preparation of the alkali liquor.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a control system for preparing alkali liquor in the waste incineration industry, which adopts the control algorithm for preparing alkali liquor in the waste incineration industry, and comprises the following components:
the alkali liquor formula calculation function module is used for acquiring addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters; and
and the sequence control function module is used for preparing alkali liquor according to the addition parameters.
Further, the alkali liquor preparation control system further comprises: the switch function module, the motor function module and the valve function module;
the switch functional block is suitable for controlling the opening and closing of a motor in the motor functional module; and
the switch function block is suitable for controlling the opening and closing of each valve in the valve function module.
The method has the beneficial effects that relevant parameters for preparing the alkali liquor are set; acquiring addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters; and the alkali liquor is prepared according to the addition parameters, so that the stability of the proportioning concentration of the alkali liquor is improved, the operation is convenient and simple, the fluctuation of a system is reduced, the utilization rate of the alkali liquor is improved, the unnecessary material consumption is reduced, and the operation cost of a waste incineration power generation enterprise is saved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control algorithm for lye preparation used in the waste incineration industry according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing lye according to the addition parameters according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a PID-diagram for the preparation of lye according to the addition parameters in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control algorithm for preparing alkali liquor in the waste incineration industry according to the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment 1 provides a control algorithm for preparing alkali lye used in the waste incineration industry, which includes: setting relevant parameters for preparing alkali liquor; acquiring addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters; and the alkali liquor is prepared according to the addition parameters, so that the stability of the proportioning concentration of the alkali liquor is improved, the operation is convenient and simple, the fluctuation of a system is reduced, the utilization rate of the alkali liquor is improved, the unnecessary material consumption is reduced, and the operation cost of a waste incineration power generation enterprise is saved.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing lye according to the addition parameters according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a PID-diagram for the preparation of lye according to the addition parameters in accordance with the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in this embodiment, the method for setting relevant parameters of lye preparation comprises: the relevant parameters include: total liquid preparation amount WtotalThe original concentration eta of the alkali liquor0And the concentration eta of the diluted alkali liquor1And water consumption W (namely M1-M3).
In this embodiment, the method for obtaining the addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters includes: according to the measured storage tank temperature T0(original alkali liquor storage tank temperature, conventional 30% concentration stock solution), and original alkali liquor concentration eta0Obtaining the original density rho of the alkali liquor by a linear interpolation method according to a standard table (table 1: NAOH temperature concentration comparison table)0(ii) a According to the measured storage tank temperature T1(temperature of diluted alkali liquor storage tank) and concentration eta of diluted alkali liquor1Obtaining the density rho of the diluted alkali liquor by a linear interpolation method according to a standard table1；
Table 1: NAOH temperature concentration comparison table
| 0℃ | 10℃ | 15 |
20℃ | 30℃ | 40 |
50℃ | |
| 1％ | 1012.4 | 1011.5 | 1010.65 | 1009.5 | 1006.9 | 1003.3 | 999.0 |
| 5％ | 1059.8 | 1057.1 | 1055.5 | 1053.8 | 1050.1 | 1045.8 | 1041.2 |
| 10％ | 1117.1 | 1113.2 | 1111.1 | 1108.9 | 1104.3 | 1099.5 | 1094.2 |
| 16％ | 1184.9 | 1180.1 | 1177.6 | 1175.1 | 1169.9 | 1164.5 | 1158.8 |
| 20％ | 1229.6 | 1224.4 | 1221.8 | 1219.1 | 1213.6 | 1207.9 | 1202.0 |
| 30％ | 1340.0 | 1334.0 | 1330.9 | 1327.9 | 1321.7 | 1315.4 | 1309.0 |
| 32％ | 1361.4 | 1355.2 | 1352.0 | 1349.0 | 1342.7 | 1336.2 | 1329.8 |
Where y is the actual detected temperature value (i.e., T)1)；y1，y2Is a standard temperature value; x is the actual alkali solution concentration (i.e.. eta.)1)；x1，x2Concentration values that are standard; z is a radical of1，z2，z3，z4The alkali liquor density value is corresponding to the standard temperature value and the concentration value; z is the density value (i.e. ρ) that needs to be solved for1)；
The operator calculates the weight kg, and the cylindrical tank on site measures the level m
The height of the diluted alkali liquor is as follows:
the unit is mm;
wherein r is the radius of the dilution tank and the unit is m;
the water quantity required by the prepared solution is as follows:
the unit is kg;
the amount of the raw solution to be added is:
the unit is kg;
the water content in the amount of the raw solution to be added is as follows:
the unit is kg;
the height of the newly added water amount is as follows:
the unit is mm;
the newly added water amount is (M)1-M3) In kg.
In this embodiment, the method for preparing lye according to the addition parameters comprises: after the addition parameters required in the process of preparing the alkali liquor are obtained, when all motors (used pumps, stirring and other devices driven by the motors) have no fault, the time delay is delayed for a first preset time (1s), a demineralized water inlet valve (XV3001A) is opened, and a certain amount of demineralized water is added into an alkali liquor dilution tank;
in this embodiment, the method for preparing lye according to the addition parameters further comprises: when the water amount reaches the set value
When all valves are in automatic state, the inlet valve of the demineralized water (XV3001A) is closed.
In this embodiment, the method for preparing lye according to the addition parameters further comprises: when all valves are not in fault, closing the demineralized water inlet valve in place, and opening a concentrated alkali adding valve (XV3002A or B); and when the outlet valve and the return valve of the preparation tank (the alkali liquor dilution tank) are closed in place and the concentrated alkali adding valve is opened in place, starting a caustic soda dilution pump (P3002A or B) to inject caustic soda solution in the alkali liquor storage tank into the alkali liquor dilution tank.
In this embodiment, the method for preparing lye according to the addition parameters further comprises: when no liquid level overrun fault occurs, adding alkali liquid level
When the alkaline solution is obtained, closing the caustic soda dilution pump, closing the concentrated alkali adding valve, and opening the stirrer (A3001A) to stir the solution in the alkaline solution dilution tank; and when the liquid level exceeds the preset height after preparation, closing the caustic soda dilution pump, closing the concentrated alkali adding valve in place, delaying for a second preset time (5min), and closing the stirrer to finish the preparation of the alkali liquor.
Can set up 1 set of alkali lye storage preparation and conveying system, can supply 2 lines to use simultaneously, alkali lye storage preparation and conveying system's main equipment has alkali lye storage tank (containing heating device), alkali lye dilution tank (containing the agitator), unloads alkali pump, alkali lye dilution pump, alkali lye delivery pump etc..
And an alkali liquor storage tank, wherein 30% of caustic soda solution is stored in the caustic soda storage tank. The alkali liquor storage tank is designed by adopting single-layer stainless steel. The diameter of the storage tank is 2.5m, the height is 3m, and the design capacity is 14.7m3And the 15-day storage (in the maximum continuous working condition) of the two lines can be met. In order to avoid the crystallization of 30% caustic soda solution at low temperature, the alkali liquor storage tank is provided with a plug-in heating device, and the power of an electric heater is 2 x18.5kW.
And the alkali liquor diluting tank is used for firstly adding a certain amount of desalted water into the alkali liquor diluting tank according to the set liquid level, then injecting 30% caustic soda solution into the alkali liquor diluting tank through an alkali liquor diluting pump, and continuously stirring by a stirrer in the preparation process to mix and dilute the solution into 10% caustic soda solution. The alkali liquor diluting tank is designed by adopting single-layer stainless steel. 2 dilution tanks are configured in total, each dilution tank has the diameter of 2m, the height of 2.2m and the design capacity of 6.9m3The usage amount of 2 days on two lines (under the maximum continuous working condition) can be met, and 2 dilution tanks are alternately used. The alkali liquor diluting stirrer is of a top-feeding type, and the power is 2.2 kW.
And (4) an alkali discharging pump, wherein 30% of caustic soda solution is transported to a factory area by a tank car and is injected into a caustic soda storage tank through the alkali discharging pump. Configuring 1 stainless steel separatorHeart pump with rated flow rate of 30m3The lift is 15m, and the rated power is 3 kW.
And the alkali liquor dilution pump is used for conveying 30 percent of caustic soda solution into the alkali liquor dilution tank from the alkali liquor storage tank. 2 stainless steel centrifugal pumps (one used and one spare) are arranged in total, and the rated flow is 10m3The lift is 15m, and the rated power is 2.2 kW.
And the alkali liquor conveying pump is used for conveying 10% of caustic soda solution into the wet washing system from the alkali liquor dilution tank. 2 stainless steel centrifugal pumps (one used and one spare) are arranged in total, and the rated flow is 1m3The lift is 25m, and the rated power is 0.37 kW. And an outlet of the caustic soda conveying pump is provided with a return pipeline for returning the redundant caustic soda solution to the alkali liquor dilution tank.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment 2 further provides a control system for preparing alkali liquor in the waste incineration industry, which adopts the control algorithm for preparing alkali liquor in the waste incineration industry in embodiment 1, and includes:
the alkali liquor formula calculation function module is used for acquiring addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters; and
and the sequence control function module is used for preparing alkali liquor according to the addition parameters (controlling the work of an alkali liquor storage tank, an alkali liquor dilution tank, an alkali unloading pump, an alkali liquor dilution pump, an alkali liquor conveying pump, various valves and the like so as to prepare the alkali liquor).
In this embodiment, the lye preparation control system further comprises: a switch function block, a motor function module, a valve function module, an analog quantity function module (a calculation function block for converting continuous signals of site temperature, liquid level, pressure, flow and the like from standard 4-20mA signals into actual meaningful engineering quantities), and the like;
the switch functional block is suitable for controlling the opening and closing of a motor in the motor functional module; and
the switch function block is suitable for controlling the opening and closing of each valve in the valve function module.
In conclusion, the invention sets relevant parameters of alkali liquor preparation; acquiring addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters; and the alkali liquor is prepared according to the addition parameters, so that the stability of the proportioning concentration of the alkali liquor is improved, the operation is convenient and simple, the fluctuation of a system is reduced, the utilization rate of the alkali liquor is improved, the unnecessary material consumption is reduced, and the operation cost of a waste incineration power generation enterprise is saved.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, the functional modules in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A control algorithm for preparing alkali liquor in the waste incineration industry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting relevant parameters for preparing alkali liquor;
acquiring addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters; and
preparing the alkali liquor according to the addition parameters.
2. The alkali liquor preparation control algorithm for the waste incineration industry of claim 1,
the method for setting relevant parameters of alkali liquor preparation comprises the following steps:
the relevant parameters include: total liquid preparation amount WtotalThe original concentration eta of the alkali liquor0And the concentration eta of the diluted alkali liquor1And water requirement W.
3. The alkali liquor preparation control algorithm for the waste incineration industry of claim 2,
the method for acquiring the addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters comprises the following steps:
according to the measured storage tank temperature T0The original concentration eta of the alkali liquor0Obtaining the original density rho of the alkali liquor by a linear interpolation method according to a standard table0；
According to the measured storage tank temperature T1And the concentration eta of the diluted alkali liquor1Obtaining the density rho of the diluted alkali liquor by a linear interpolation method according to a standard table1；
Wherein y is an actually detected temperature value; y is1，y2Is a standard temperature value; x is the actual alkali liquor concentration; x is the number of1，x2Concentration values that are standard; z is a radical of1，z2，z3，z4The alkali liquor density value is corresponding to the standard temperature value and the concentration value; z is the density value which needs to be solved actually;
the height of the diluted alkali liquor is as follows:
the unit is mm;
wherein r is the radius of the dilution tank and the unit is m;
the water quantity required by the prepared solution is as follows:
the unit is kg;
the amount of the raw solution to be added is:
the unit is kg;
the water content in the amount of the raw solution to be added is as follows:
the unit is kg;
the height of the newly added water amount is as follows:
the unit is mm;
the newly added water amount is (M)1-M3) In kg.
4. The alkali liquor preparation control algorithm for the waste incineration industry of claim 3,
the method for preparing the alkali liquor according to the addition parameters comprises the following steps:
after the addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process are obtained, delaying for a first preset time when all motors are free of faults, and then opening a demineralized water inlet valve.
5. The alkali liquor preparation control algorithm for the waste incineration industry of claim 4,
the method for preparing alkali liquor according to the addition parameters further comprises the following steps:
when the water quantity reaches a set value and all the valves are in an automatic state, the water inlet valve for the demineralized water is closed.
6. The alkali liquor preparation control algorithm for the waste incineration industry of claim 5,
the method for preparing alkali liquor according to the addition parameters further comprises the following steps:
when all valves have no faults, closing the demineralized water inlet valve in place, and opening the concentrated alkali adding valve; and
when the outlet valve and the material returning valve of the preparation tank are closed in place and the concentrated alkali adding valve is opened in place, the caustic soda diluting pump is started.
7. The alkali liquor preparation control algorithm for the waste incineration industry of claim 6,
the method for preparing alkali liquor according to the addition parameters further comprises the following steps:
when the liquid level exceeds the limit fault and the alkali adding liquid level reaches, closing the caustic soda dilution pump, closing the concentrated alkali adding valve and opening the stirrer;
and when the liquid level exceeds the preset height after preparation, closing the caustic soda dilution pump, closing the concentrated alkali adding valve in place, delaying for a second preset time, and closing the stirrer to finish the preparation of the alkali liquor.
8. A lye preparation control system for the waste incineration industry which employs the lye preparation control algorithm for the waste incineration industry as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7 and which comprises:
the alkali liquor formula calculation function module is used for acquiring addition parameters required in the alkali liquor preparation process according to the relevant parameters; and
and the sequence control function module is used for preparing alkali liquor according to the addition parameters.
9. The lye preparation control system for the waste incineration industry of claim 8,
the alkali liquor preparation control system further comprises: the switch function module, the motor function module and the valve function module;
the switch functional block is suitable for controlling the opening and closing of a motor in the motor functional module; and
the switch function block is suitable for controlling the opening and closing of each valve in the valve function module.
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