Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a machining clamp for an automobile traction hook.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a machining clamp for an automobile traction hook comprises a bottom plate, connecting discs fixed at two ends of the bottom plate, and a positioning mechanism and a limiting mechanism which are arranged on the bottom plate;
the positioning mechanism comprises an end positioning assembly arranged at one end of the bottom plate and a middle positioning assembly arranged in the middle of the bottom plate; the end part circular ring structure of the processed traction hook part is matched and sleeved on the end part positioning assembly, the inclined plane of the lower surface of the middle section of the processed traction hook part is attached to the positioning inclined plane of the middle positioning assembly, and the other end part of the processed traction hook part is a processing part;
the limiting mechanism comprises a concave structure mounting plate which is reversely mounted on the bottom plate and a telescopic element arranged on the mounting plate, and the output end of the telescopic element abuts against the surface of the middle section of the part to be processed with the traction hook to limit the part to be processed with the traction hook;
the bottom plate comprises a thick end and a thin end, the positioning mechanism and the limiting mechanism are arranged on the thick end, and the processing part is located at the thin end.
Because the special shape of the processed product part, and only the left and right planes are processed, and no other processing content exists, the processing position does not have a more accurate positioning reference, in the general production process, the processing reference dimension on the processing drawing is the dimension requirement of the center of the circular ring end blank (namely the end circular ring structure) on the other side and the center of the plane (namely the processing position), and because the circular ring structure is the blank dimension, the processing dimension is not related, the tool positioning reference which can be automatically aligned or adjusted needs to be designed aiming at the larger tolerance range of the blank dimension. Based on the technical scheme, one end of the invention is provided with an end positioning mechanism which is sleeved and positioned with a circular ring structure, the positioning mechanism is matched with a middle positioning inclined plane to position a processed part, the processed traction hook part is limited and fixed on a bottom plate by matching with a limiting structure, the end part of the bottom plate is matched with the processed part, and a thin end is designed to meet the space requirements of drilling and milling the processed part.
The end part positioning assembly comprises a cushion block seat and a positioning column, the cushion block seat is fixedly arranged at the corner part formed by the bottom plate and the connecting disc, the cushion block seat is provided with a positioning hole for the positioning column to insert, and the end part circular ring structure of the part to be processed with the traction hook is matched and sleeved on the positioning column.
The end part positioning assembly further comprises a positioning cone sleeved on the positioning column through threads, and the end part circular ring structure of the processed traction hook part is sleeved on the positioning column in a matched mode.
The positioning column is in threaded connection with the positioning hole.
The positioning column and the positioning hole are in threaded connection, and the positioning column can rotate and displace in the direction perpendicular to the upper plane of the cushion block seat by rotating the positioning column, so that the mounting height of the positioning column is adjusted back and forth until the positioning column is adjusted to a correct machining angle and a correct machining surface, and horizontal punching is performed.
The middle positioning assembly comprises a reference block fixed on the bottom plate, a groove for accommodating the middle section part of the processed traction hook part protrusion is formed in the upper surface of the reference block, and the upper surface of the reference block except the groove part is the positioning inclined surface.
In the positioning mechanism, a cushion block seat, a positioning column and a positioning cone are assembled and matched for use and used for adjusting and positioning parts of a processed product, a threaded hole is formed in the cushion block seat, a threaded section is turned on the positioning column, and the cushion block seat and the positioning column are matched for use to achieve the effect of adjusting the positioning column, so that each part to be processed can be completely attached to the positioning cone, and the processing is uniform; furthermore, the reference block is used for being completely attached to the inclined plane of the processed product, the processed product is completely positioned by matching with the positioning column, and an accurate processing station is determined.
The mounting plate comprises two side plates which are opposite in position and fixed on two sides of the bottom plate and an upper pressing plate arranged on the two side plates; the telescopic element comprises first compression bolts arranged on the side plates and second compression bolts arranged on the upper pressure plate, the end parts of the first compression bolts positioned on the two side plates are abutted to the side surfaces on the two sides of the middle section respectively, and the end parts of the second compression bolts are abutted to the upper surface of the middle section.
The two upper pressing plates are arranged on the side plates in parallel, and each side plate is provided with a first pressing bolt at the corresponding position of the two upper pressing plates; the second compression bolt positioned on the upper pressure plate is matched with the two first compression bolts positioned below the upper pressure plate to limit the middle section;
the curb plate with the position that the top board both ends are connected is equipped with rotation axis and spacing axle respectively, the one end of top board pass through the rotation axis with the curb plate is connected, and the other end is equipped with the breach, with spacing axle joint.
Among the stop gear, curb plate, top board and rotation axis cooperation are used, and through the rotatory use of top board on the rotation axis, the top board uses second clamp bolt to compress tightly the work piece of treating processing after rotatory the arriving position, and the first clamp bolt that curb plate both sides set up, and then plays spacing reinforcing effect to the product. When the workpiece machining device is used, the position of the first compression bolt on one side is kept unchanged, and the first compression bolt on the other side is locked after a machined part is placed on the reference block.
And a bottom plate support with the width same as that of the thin end is arranged on one side, away from the processed traction hook part, of the thin end of the bottom plate.
The bottom plate is used for installing each part of the tool, and the bottom plate support is used for reinforcing the strength of the whole tool
The corner part formed by the thin end of the bottom plate and the connecting disc close to the thin end is fixedly connected with a triangular support, and two right-angle sides of the triangular support are respectively connected with the thin end of the bottom plate and the connecting disc through fastening screws.
The triangular supports are used for reinforcing the connecting structure, so that the bearing strength of the thin end of the bottom plate is ensured, and the integral rigidity of the tool is stabilized.
The connecting disc is a four-axis connecting disc which drives the processed traction hook part to rotate, and drilling and face milling processing of the processed part are completed.
The connecting disc is used for installing the frock on machining center four-axis and tailstock, and the finish machining content of the traction couple part of processing is two planes about the right-hand member, and processing this two planes needs the four-axis to rotate 90 and 270 respectively and can process the completion, and the four-axis connecting disc can drive device rotation 180, and drilling, face milling process are accomplished to clamping once.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the efficiency is high, the cost is reduced, repeated clamping is not needed, the efficiency is convenient, the working procedures such as drilling, surface milling and the like can be completed at one time only by rotating the four shafts, and the tool changing and processing can be positioned by utilizing a numerical control program;
(2) the stability is good, the machining precision is high, and after the improvement, the phenomenon of machining inconsistency caused by the problem of blank dimensional tolerance is eliminated, so that the machining dimensional stability of the milling surface and the drilling is good, the machining deviation is reduced, and the machining quality of products is ensured.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
A machining clamp for an automobile traction hook is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a bottom plate 1, connecting discs 5 fixed at two ends of the bottom plate 1 through fixing bolts 15, and a positioning mechanism and a limiting mechanism which are arranged on the bottom plate 1; the traction hook component 14 being machined includes an end loop configuration at one end, a middle section, and a machining location 17 at the other end. As shown in fig. 3, the bottom plate 1 comprises a thick end and a thin end, the positioning mechanism and the limiting mechanism are installed on the thick end, the processing part 17 is located at the thin end, one side, far away from the processed traction hook part 14, of the thin end of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a bottom plate 1 support with the width being the same as that of the thin end, the thin end of the bottom plate 1 and the connecting disc 5 close to the thin end form a corner fixedly connected with a triangular support 6, and two right-angle sides of the triangular support 6 are respectively connected with the thin end of the bottom plate 1 and the connecting disc 5 through fastening screws. The connecting disc 5 is a four-axis connecting disc 5 which drives the processed traction hook part 14 to rotate so as to finish the drilling and face milling processing of the processing part 17.
As shown in fig. 4, the positioning mechanism includes an end positioning component disposed at one end of the bottom plate 1 and a middle positioning component disposed in the middle of the bottom plate 1; the end part circular ring structure of the processed traction hook part 14 is sleeved on the end part positioning assembly in a matching mode, and the inclined plane of the lower surface of the middle section of the processed traction hook part 14 is attached to the positioning inclined plane of the middle positioning assembly. Tip locating component includes cushion seat 2, reference column 12 and cup joints location awl 13 on reference column 12, 2 fixed mounting in the bight that bottom plate 1 and connection pad 5 are constituteed of cushion seat, be equipped with on cushion seat 2 and supply reference column 12 male interior screwed locating hole, the supporting cup joint on location awl 13 of tip ring structure of drawing couple part 14 by the processing, be equipped with the flange in the middle of the reference column 12, this flange is connected with the upper surface of cushion seat 2 is spacing, the upper surface of general cushion seat 2 is the inclined plane, this inclined plane of locating hole perpendicular to, make the reference column be the slope setting, the cooperation is processed the tip ring structure of drawing couple part 14. As shown in fig. 5, the middle positioning assembly comprises a reference block 3 fixed on the bottom plate 1, the upper surface of the reference block 3 is provided with a groove for accommodating the middle section of the processed traction hook part 14, and the upper surface of the reference block 3 without the groove forms a positioning inclined surface, namely the upper surfaces at two sides of the groove opening are the positioning inclined surfaces.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the limiting mechanism comprises a concave structure mounting plate which is reversely mounted on the base plate 1 and a telescopic element which is arranged on the mounting plate, wherein the output end of the telescopic element abuts against the surface of the middle section of the part 14 to be processed to limit the part 14 to be processed; the mounting plate comprises two side plates 4 which are opposite in position and fixed on two sides of the bottom plate 1 and an upper pressing plate 7 arranged on the two side plates 4; the telescopic element comprises a first compression bolt 10 arranged on the side plates 4 and a second compression bolt 9 arranged on the upper pressure plate 7, the end parts of the first compression bolts 10 positioned on the two side plates 4 are respectively abutted to the two side surfaces of the middle section, and the end parts of the second compression bolts 9 are abutted to the upper surface of the middle section. Two upper press plates 7 are arranged and are parallelly arranged on the side plates 4, and a first compression bolt 10 is respectively arranged at the corresponding position of each side plate 4 on the two upper press plates 7; the second compression bolts 9 positioned on the upper pressure plate 7 are matched with the two first compression bolts 10 positioned below the upper pressure plate 7 to limit the middle section; the positions of the side plates 4 connected with the two ends of the upper pressing plate 7 are respectively provided with a rotating shaft 8 and a limiting shaft, one end of the upper pressing plate 7 is connected with the side plates 4 through the rotating shaft 8, and the other end of the upper pressing plate is provided with a notch 16 which is clamped with the limiting shaft.
The using method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
two upper pressing plates 7 are rotated to an open position, an end circular ring structure of a processed traction hook part 14 is just sleeved on a positioning cone 13, the middle section of the processed traction hook part 14 is attached to a positioning inclined plane of a reference block, the upper pressing plates 7 are rotated to a limit position, an opening at the end part of each upper pressing plate 7 is just right inserted into a positioning shaft, then the upper surface of the middle section is tightly pressed by screwing a second pressing bolt 9, the position of a first pressing bolt positioned on the same side is fixed, the position of the first pressing bolt is designed to be just contacted with the processed traction hook part 14 after positioning, the side surface of the processed traction hook part 14 is tightly pressed by screwing the second pressing bolt 9 on the other side, and horizontal limiting is realized. Then the whole clamp is arranged on a four-axis and a tailstock of a machining center through a connecting disc 5, the whole clamp and the machined traction hook part 14 are driven to rotate through the connecting disc 5, the finish machining content of the machined traction hook part 14 is an upper plane and a lower plane of a machining end, and the machining of the two planes can be completed by respectively rotating the four axes by 90 degrees and 270 degrees; the connecting disc can drive the device to rotate 180 degrees, and the drilling, face milling and part 17 machining can be completed by one-time clamping, as shown in fig. 5.
Because the special shape of the processed product part, only the left plane and the right plane are processed, and no other processing content exists, a more accurate positioning reference does not exist, and the processing reference dimension on the processing drawing is the dimension requirement of the center of the circular ring end blank on the other side and the center of the plane. Because the ring end is the blank size, does not relate to the machine tooling size, so to the great tolerance range of blank size, need design automatic alignment or adjustable frock location benchmark. Therefore, the positioning column 12 can be displaced back and forth by utilizing an adjustable mechanism of the positioning column 12 and the positioning cone 13, the positioning column 12 is in threaded connection with the positioning hole, the mounting position of the positioning column 12 can be adjusted, the positioning cone is driven to displace, the processed hook ring is sleeved on the positioning cone 13, and then fine processing is carried out after locking through a bolt.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.