CN112971917A

CN112971917A - Special cutter head for otolaryngological department and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112971917A
Application number: CN201911278379.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘岳宇
Original assignee: Nanjing Meichun Medical Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Meichun Medical Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-12
Filing date: 2019-12-12
Publication date: 2021-06-18

Abstract

The invention discloses a special cutter head for otolaryngological department and a preparation method thereof, and the special cutter head comprises a sphere body (1) and a shaft body (2) which are connected with each other, wherein the axis of the shaft body (2) passes through the sphere center of the sphere body (1), the outer wall of the sphere body (1) is provided with a plurality of open grooves (3), and the bottom of each open groove (3) is provided with a plurality of circumferential runners (4); a plurality of circumferential flow channels (4) on the respective open grooves (3) are arranged in parallel, and a main flow channel (5) is arranged on the ball body (1) and the shaft body (2); one end of the circumferential flow channel (4) is communicated with the main flow channel (5), the other end of the circumferential flow channel penetrates through the outer wall of the sphere (1), and the circumferential flow channel (4) and the main flow channel (5) are obliquely arranged; the opening of the open slot (3) is provided with a blade (6). Provides a special cutter head for otorhinolaryngology department and a preparation method thereof, which can cut off foreign matters quickly and effectively and discharge the foreign matters.

Description

Special cutter head for otolaryngological department and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of otolaryngological departments, in particular to a special cutter head for the otolaryngological departments and a preparation method thereof.

Background

When foreign matters are attached to the inner walls of narrow passages such as nasal cavities, auditory canals, throats and the like, doctors usually need to clean the foreign matters by means of special instruments and equipment; a method commonly used in the prior art is to detach the foreign matter from the inner wall of the passage by scissors or a cutting tool with a blade, and then remove the cut foreign matter from the passage by a holding tool such as tweezers. However, when the tools and methods are used for cleaning foreign matters in passages such as nasal cavities, auditory canals, throats and the like, the foreign matters are easy to fall to deeper positions after being separated from the inner walls of the passages for the first time, and the cleaning effect is affected. Specifically, when the foreign matter in the throat is cut off by the shearing tool, the foreign matter is not removed in time by the clamping tool and falls to a deeper position of the throat; in other words, the foreign bodies in the ear canal are not removed by the holding tool in time and fall to a deeper position after being sheared off, so that the foreign bodies are not easily removed. Generally speaking, the otolaryngology department clearance instrument and the method through prior art have the problem that the clearance foreign matter is not timely effectual, can't discharge the foreign matter that cuts off fast effectively.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides a special cutter head for otolaryngological department, which can cut off and discharge foreign matters quickly and effectively.

The technical scheme of the invention is to provide a special tool bit for otolaryngological department, which has the following structure: the ball comprises a ball body and a shaft body which are connected with each other, wherein the axis of the shaft body penetrates through the center of the ball body, the outer wall of the ball body is provided with a plurality of open grooves, and the bottom of each open groove is provided with a plurality of circumferential flow channels; the plurality of circumferential flow channels on the respective open grooves are arranged in parallel, that is, the circumferential flow channel arranged on each open groove is linearly arranged in the axis direction of the main flow channel, and the plurality of circumferential flow channels on one open groove are in parallel relation with each other; the ball body and the shaft body are provided with a main runner; one end of the circumferential flow channel is communicated with the main flow channel, and the other end of the circumferential flow channel penetrates through the outer wall of the sphere; the opening part of the open slot is provided with a cutting edge, namely, the cutting edge is arranged at the juncture between the opening part of the open slot and the peripheral wall of the ball body.

Preferably, the open grooves are formed along an axial direction of the shaft body, and the plurality of open grooves are uniformly distributed around the axial line of the shaft body.

Preferably, the circumferential flow channel on each open groove is uniformly distributed on the ball body along the axis direction of the shaft body.

As an improvement of the invention, the included angle between the circumferential flow channel and the shaft body is an obtuse angle, or the opening of the circumferential flow channel deviates from the direction of the shaft body; if the special cutter head for the otolaryngological department is vertically arranged, the circumferential flow channel is obliquely arranged upwards when the ball body is positioned above the shaft body.

As an improvement of the invention, the included angle between the circumferential flow channel and the shaft body is 135 degrees, or the included angle between the axis of the circumferential flow channel and the axis of the main flow channel is 45 degrees.

As an improvement of the invention, the number of the open slots is 4, and the included angle between the adjacent open slots is 90 degrees.

As an improvement of the invention, the width of the open groove is larger than the diameter value of the circumferential flow channel.

As an improvement of the invention, the axis of the main runner coincides with the axis of the shaft body, the main runner penetrates from the tail end of the shaft body into the ball body, and the diameter value of the main runner is larger than that of the circumferential runner.

As an improvement of the invention, a convex ring is arranged at the end part of the shaft body far away from the ball body, and the outer peripheral wall of the convex ring is of a hexagonal structure.

After the structure is adopted, compared with the prior art, the special tool bit for the otolaryngological department and the preparation method thereof are characterized in that the shaft body on the special tool bit for the otolaryngological department is connected with the air pump through the hose, and the air pump performs air extraction on the tool bit; the ball body on the cutter head is inserted into the nasal cavity or throat of a patient, and the rotating shaft body can drive the ball body to cut the attached foreign matters in the nasal cavity or throat; in addition, the air pump can absorb the cut foreign matters into the open slot when the air pump works to exhaust air, so that the cut foreign matters are prevented from being left or falling into a nasal cavity or a throat, and the cut foreign matters can be quickly discharged when the ball of the cutter head is pulled out; wherein, be the slope through with circumference runner and sprue and set up and can be favorable to the interior gaseous flow of tool bit, avoid sprue and circumference runner juncture to waste too much energy consumption because the gas flow direction changes, or say that the axis direction of circumference runner is along sprue air exhaust direction skew an angle setting. In conclusion, the invention provides the special cutter head for the otolaryngological department, which can cut off and discharge foreign matters quickly and effectively.

The technical scheme of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a special tool bit for otorhinolaryngological department, which has the following structure and comprises the following steps:

a. cutting a blank from a bar stock through a cutting machine, clamping the blank on a three-jaw chuck of a numerical control machine for the first time, machining the end face of a main runner to be arranged through a turning tool on the numerical control machine, then machining the main runner through the turning tool, and finishing machining of a shaft body and a convex ring; then, taking the blank out of the three-jaw chuck, changing the direction of the blank, carrying out secondary clamping on the blank to the three-jaw chuck, and machining a sphere by using a turning tool; then, 4 open slots are processed on the ball body through a milling cutter on a numerical control machine tool, and the semi-finished product is taken down from the three-jaw chuck;

b. clamping the shaft body on the semi-finished product into the shaft sleeve, wherein the end face of the shaft body abuts against the bottom surface of the groove, and the outer wall of the hexagonal convex ring abuts against the inner wall of the groove matched with the hexagonal convex ring; a screw is screwed in the diameter direction of the shaft sleeve, a frustum which is tightly propped against the edge of the convex ring is arranged at one end of the screw, which faces to the shaft body, and the shaft body is limited in the groove through an inclined plane on the frustum; the shaft sleeve is inserted and connected onto a supporting ring at the end part of the connecting rod, a through hole is formed in the supporting ring, 4 limiting holes are formed in the bottom of the shaft sleeve, the 4 limiting holes are uniformly distributed around the axis of the shaft body, and the distance from the through hole in the supporting ring to the axis of the shaft body is equal to the distance from the limiting hole to the axis of the shaft body; the connecting rod is connected with a limiting rod in a sliding mode, a convex block is arranged in the middle of the limiting rod, an upper guide sleeve and a lower guide sleeve are respectively arranged on two sides of the convex block of the connecting rod, and the distance from the upper guide sleeve to the shaft sleeve is smaller than the distance from the lower guide sleeve to the shaft sleeve; the limiting rod is connected to the upper guide sleeve and the lower guide sleeve in a sliding mode along the length direction of the connecting rod, the end portion, close to the shaft sleeve, of the limiting rod penetrates through the through hole and then is matched with the limiting hole in the shaft sleeve, and one end, facing the shaft sleeve, of the limiting rod comprises a cylindrical section and a conical section; a pressure spring is sleeved on the limiting rod, one end of the pressure spring is tightly abutted with the convex ring, and the other end of the pressure spring is tightly abutted with the lower guide sleeve; a cross rod is arranged at one end of the limiting rod, which is far away from the shaft sleeve, and the cross rod and the lug are respectively positioned at two sides of the lower guide sleeve, so that the semi-finished product is clamped on the connecting rod; when the connecting rod is in a vertical state, the end part of the transverse rod is restrained by an inclined platform on the sliding table to pull the lug to compress the pressure spring to deform, the inclined platform is arranged on the sliding table through a support, a conical section on the limiting rod is matched with a limiting hole on the shaft sleeve, when the shaft sleeve rotates in the supporting ring, the edge of the limiting hole is matched with an inclined plane on the conical section to push the limiting rod to retreat and slide until the shaft sleeve rotates to the next station, and the conical section can enter the limiting hole of the next station; when the connecting rod rotates and then inclines, the end part of the transverse rod is separated from the inclined platform, the pressure spring can push the limiting rod to slide towards the direction of the limiting hole, and the cylindrical section on the limiting rod is matched with the limiting hole to limit the turnover of the shaft sleeve;

c. the air cylinder on the sliding table drives the connecting rod to rotate, the middle part of the connecting rod is provided with a sliding groove, the sliding groove is arranged along the length direction of the connecting rod, the sliding table is provided with a supporting rod, the supporting rod is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is positioned in the sliding groove; the sliding table is rotatably connected with a swing rod through a first hinge point, the first hinge point is positioned below the rotating shaft, the swing rod is rotatably connected with the connecting rod through a rotating pin, the output end of the air cylinder is rotatably connected with the rotating pin, and the air cylinder body is rotatably connected to the support; when the cylinder is in an extending state, the connecting rod is in a vertical state, the rotating pin is positioned between the rotating shaft and the first hinge point, and the rotating pin, the rotating shaft and the first hinge point are positioned in the same vertical direction; when the cylinder is in a contraction state, the connecting rod and the swing rod rotate, the connecting rod is in an inclined state, and the rotating pin, the rotating shaft and the first hinge point are in a triangular distribution structure; the support is provided with a pressure lever, the connecting rod is abutted against the end part of the pressure lever when in an inclined state, the end part of the pressure lever, which faces the connecting rod, is provided with a front clamping plate and a rear clamping plate, the distance between the front clamping plate and the rear clamping plate is equal to the front-back thickness of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is clamped by the front clamping plate and the rear clamping plate after being inclined, so that the inclination adjustment of a sphere on the connecting rod is completed;

d. the sliding table is driven to feed on the workbench through a cam, the sliding table is connected to the workbench in a sliding mode through a dovetail groove, and the workbench is arranged on the base; the sliding table extends towards the direction of the workbench to form a vertical plate, and a sliding hole for the vertical plate to pass through is formed in the workbench; the base is provided with a stepping motor, the output end of the stepping motor is connected with a cam, the outline of the cam abuts against a vertical plate, a tension spring used for pulling the vertical plate to abut against the cam is arranged between the vertical plate and the base, one end of the tension spring is rotationally connected with the vertical plate, the other end of the tension spring is rotationally connected with the base, and the tension spring and the cam are positioned on the same side of the vertical plate; a first linear gear is horizontally arranged on the vertical plate, a first gear used for being in meshing transmission with the first linear gear is rotatably connected to the base, and a second gear used for being in meshing transmission with the first gear is rotatably connected to the base; the base is provided with a guide block, the guide block is connected with a rack in a sliding mode through a dovetail groove, a second linear rack which is used for being meshed with a second gear for transmission is arranged on the rack, and the drilling machine is arranged on the rack; after the ball body is inclined, the cam rotates to push the ball body on the sliding table to feed towards the direction of the drilling machine; when the stepping motor stops rotating, the drilling machine performs first punching on the ball body; after a hole is drilled, the stepping motor drives the cam to rotate so as to drive the ball body to feed towards the drilling machine, and the drilling machine feeds downwards; stopping the rotation of the stepping motor, and performing secondary punching on the ball by the drilling machine; the punching work of all the circumferential flow channels is completed on one open slot in sequence, and the punching work of a row of circumferential flow channels on the first open slot is completed;

e. the cylinder stretches out to enable the connecting rod to be in a vertical state, a cross rod on the connecting rod is matched with the sloping platform to enable a cylindrical section on the limiting rod to withdraw from a limiting hole on the shaft sleeve, the position of a next opening groove needing to be punched is adjusted to be towards the position of the drilling machine through rotating the shaft sleeve by 90 degrees, the edge of the limiting hole can be stirred to shrink the conical section in the process of rotating the shaft sleeve, the cylinder shrinks to adjust a sphere on the connecting rod to be in an inclined state, the sphere is driven to feed towards the drilling machine and feed downwards by the rotation of the cam, the drilling machine punches on a second opening groove, and then the punching work of a row of circumferential flow channels on;

f. and e, repeating the operation method in the step e twice to complete the punching work of the circumferential flow channel on the third opening groove and the fourth opening groove to obtain a cutter head with an obtuse angle between the circumferential flow channel and the shaft body, and finally taking the machined special cutter head for the otolaryngological department out of the shaft sleeve.

The preparation method of the special tool bit for the otolaryngological department can process the shaft body and the sphere by the turning tool and the milling cutter, and can process the open slot and the main flow channel on the sphere; the inclination angle of the ball body can be adjusted by rotating the connecting rod, so that a circumferential flow channel is machined on the open slot through the drilling machine, and the circumferential flow channel can be inclined relative to the main flow channel; in addition, the shaft sleeve is connected to the supporting ring through the limiting rod in a rotating mode, so that the circumferential runners in the same distribution state can be machined on each open slot, namely the circumferential runners on each open slot are in the same distribution state, and the machining precision between the circumferential runners and the main runner is improved; in general, the preparation method of the special tool bit for the otolaryngological department can improve the efficiency of tool bit processing and improve the precision of the processed tool bit.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the special blade for otorhinolaryngological department of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the structure of the special blade for otorhinolaryngological department of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the apparatus for processing the circumferential flow channel according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a state diagram of the link of fig. 3 after rotation.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the connecting rod end for clamping the shaft body according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a state diagram of the present invention in which the link is disengaged from the ramp.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting rod and the pressing rod of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows the spatial relationship among the connecting rod, the pressing rod and the swing rod according to the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the front and rear clamping plates on the pressing rod relative to the connecting rod.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the location of the through hole in the carrier ring of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the bushing of the present invention.

Shown in the figure: 1. ball, 2, shaft body, 3, open slot, 4, circumferential flow channel, 5, main flow channel, 6, blade, 7, convex ring, 8, shaft sleeve, 9, groove, 10, screw, 11, frustum, 12, connecting rod, 13, supporting ring, 14, through hole, 15, limiting hole, 16, limiting rod, 17, lug, 18, upper guide sleeve, 19, lower guide sleeve, 20, pressure spring, 21, cylindrical section, 22, conical section, 23, cross rod, 24, ramp, 25, ramp, 26, bracket, 27, cylinder, 28, chute, 29, support rod, 30, rotating shaft, 31, first hinge point, 32, swing rod, 33, rotating pin, 34, pressure rod, 35, front clamping plate, 36, rear clamping plate, 37, cam, 38, working table, 39, base, 40, vertical plate, 41, sliding hole, 42, tension spring, 43, first linear rack, 44, first gear, 45, second gear, 46, guide block, 47, A frame 48 and a drilling machine.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

As shown in the figure, the special cutter head for the otolaryngological department comprises a sphere 1 and a shaft body 2 which are connected with each other, wherein the shaft body 2 is of a cylindrical structure, and the axis of the shaft body 2 penetrates through the sphere center of the sphere 1; in this embodiment, the diameter value of the sphere 1 is 0.8cm, the diameter value of the radial section of the shaft body 2 is 0.4cm, and the length value of the shaft body 2 is 3.5 cm; the shaft body 2 is communicated with an air pump through a hose, and air is pumped to the shaft body 2 through the air pump; the outer wall of the sphere 1 is provided with a plurality of open grooves 3, and the bottom of each open groove 3 is provided with a plurality of circumferential flow channels 4; a plurality of circumferential flow channels 4 on the respective open grooves 3 are arranged in parallel, and a main flow channel 5 is arranged on the ball body 1 and the shaft body 2; one end of the circumferential flow channel 4 is communicated with the main flow channel 5, and the other end of the circumferential flow channel penetrates through the outer wall of the sphere 1; the opening of the open slot 3 is provided with a blade 6, and the blade 6 is the edge formed when the open slot 3 is processed at the junction between the two side walls of the open slot 3 and the outer peripheral wall of the sphere 1.

The open slots 3 are formed along the axis direction of the shaft body 2, and a plurality of open slots 3 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the shaft body 2; the groove depth of the open groove 3 is equal at each position when viewed in the axial direction of the shaft body 2, or the groove depth of the open groove 3 is uniform when viewed in the length direction of the arc shape around the open groove 3.

The circumferential flow channels 4 on each open groove 3 are uniformly distributed on the sphere 1 along the axial direction of the shaft body 2.

The included angle between the circumferential flow channel 4 and the shaft body 2 is an obtuse angle.

The included angle between the circumferential flow channel 4 and the shaft body 2 is 135 degrees, in other words, the included angle between the circumferential flow channel 4 and the main flow channel 5 is an acute angle, and the acute angle value is 45 degrees.

The number of the open slots 3 is 4, and in an actual structure, the number of the open slots 3 can be set to be 5 or 6, and the number can be set according to actual requirements.

The groove width of the open groove 3 is larger than the diameter value of the circumferential flow channel 4, so that the action force of the open end of the boundary of the circumferential flow channel 4 and the outer circumferential wall of the ball body 1 during air exhaust can be ensured to act on the cut foreign matters, namely the suction force of the open end of the circumferential flow channel 4 can not directly act on the inner wall of the nasal cavity or the throat. In the embodiment, the width of the open slot 3 is 0.2cm, and the diameter value of the circumferential flow channel 4 is 0.18 cm; the lengths of the circumferential flow channels 4 with different height values are different when viewed along the axial direction of the shaft body 2, for example, the intersection points of the three circumferential flow channels 4 and the main flow channel 5 in fig. 4 are m, n and o, and the lengths of the circumferential flow channels 4 at the three positions are different because the opening positions between the three flow channels and the outer circumferential wall of the sphere 1 are different, that is, the distances from the three opening positions to the axial line of the shaft body 2 are different, but the three circumferential flow channels 4 are parallel to each other; when viewed in the circumferential direction of the shaft body 2, the circumferential runners 4 on different open grooves 3 are equal in length as long as the circumferential runners 4 are on the same circumference.

The 5 axis of sprue coincides with 2 axes of axis body, and sprue 5 runs through to spheroid 1 in from 2 end of axis body, and 5 diameter values of sprue are greater than 4 diameter values of circumference runner.

The tip of keeping away from spheroid 1 on the axis body 2 is equipped with

bulge loop

8, and 8 periphery walls of bulge loop are the hexagon structure.

The invention relates to a special tool bit for otolaryngological department and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps:

a. cutting a blank from a bar stock by a cutting machine, clamping the blank on a three-jaw chuck of a numerical control machine for the first time, machining an end face needing to be provided with a main runner 5 by a turning tool on the numerical control machine, determining the size of a subsequent ball 1 by taking the end face as a reference, machining the main runner 5 by the turning tool, and finishing machining a shaft body 2 and a convex ring 8; then, taking out the blank from the three-jaw chuck, rotating the blank by 180 degrees to change the direction, namely clamping the end part of the processed shaft body 2 in the three-jaw chuck, facing the end part of the ball body 1 to be processed to a cutter to finish the second clamping on the three-jaw chuck, and processing the ball body 1 by a turning tool; then, 4 open slots 3 are processed on the sphere 1 through a milling cutter on a numerical control machine tool, 4 open slots 3 are processed through the milling cutter to obtain a blade 6 on the sphere 1, and the blade 6 refers to the junction of two side walls of the open slots 3 and the outer peripheral wall of the sphere 1, and the semi-finished product is taken down from the three-jaw chuck;

b. clamping the shaft body 2 on the semi-finished product into the shaft sleeve 8, wherein the end surface of the shaft body 2 abuts against the bottom surface of the groove 9, and the outer wall of the hexagonal convex ring 8 abuts against the inner wall of the groove 9 matched with the hexagonal convex ring; here, the hexagonal structure can prevent the shaft body 2 from rotating and dislocating circumferentially relative to the shaft sleeve 8, so as to ensure that the shaft sleeve 8 drives the shaft body 2 to rotate when rotating, and improve the processing precision; a screw 10 is screwed in the diameter direction of the shaft sleeve 8, a frustum 11 for tightly abutting against the edge of the convex ring 8 is arranged at one end of the screw 10 facing the shaft body 2, and the shaft body 2 is limited in the groove 9 through an inclined plane on the frustum 11; the structure of the frustum 11 is as shown in fig. 5, and the diameter of the frustum 11 is smaller as the frustum is closer to the axial direction of the shaft sleeve 8; the number of the screws 10 is 3, and the 3 screws 10 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve 8; the inclined surface of the frustum 11 is tightly abutted against the edge of the convex ring 8 on the shaft body 2 to limit the axial movement of the shaft body 2 during punching; inserting a shaft sleeve 8 onto a supporting ring at the end part of a connecting rod 12, wherein the supporting ring is provided with through holes 14, as shown in the position in fig. 10, the bottom of the shaft sleeve 8 is provided with 4 limiting holes 15, the 4 limiting holes 15 are uniformly distributed around the axis of a shaft body 2, and the distance from the through holes 14 on the supporting ring to the axis of the shaft body 2 is equal to the distance from the limiting holes 15 to the axis of the shaft body 2; when the limiting hole 15 rotates to be aligned with the through hole 14, the limiting rod 16 in the through hole 14 can be matched with the limiting hole 15; the connecting rod 12 is connected with a limiting rod 16 in a sliding mode, a convex block 17 is arranged in the middle of the limiting rod 16, an upper guide sleeve 18 and a lower guide sleeve 19 are respectively arranged on two sides of the convex block 17 of the connecting rod 12, and the distance from the upper guide sleeve 18 to the shaft sleeve 8 is smaller than the distance from the lower guide sleeve 19 to the shaft sleeve 8; the limiting rod 16 is connected to the upper guide sleeve 18 and the lower guide sleeve 19 in a sliding manner along the length direction of the connecting rod 12, the end part of the limiting rod 16 close to the shaft sleeve 8 penetrates through the through hole 14 and then is matched with the limiting hole 15 on the shaft sleeve 8, and one end of the limiting rod 16, which faces the shaft sleeve 8, comprises a cylindrical section 21 and a conical section 22; when the connecting rod 12 is in a vertical state, the conical section 22 and the cylindrical section 21 are sequentially arranged on the limiting rod 16 from top to bottom, and the conical section 22, the cylindrical section 21 and the limiting rod 16 are of an integrated structure; a pressure spring 20 is sleeved on the limiting rod 16, one end of the pressure spring 20 is tightly abutted with the convex ring 8, and the other end of the pressure spring is tightly abutted with the lower guide sleeve 19; a cross rod 23 is arranged at one end of the limiting rod 16, which is far away from the shaft sleeve 8, the cross rod 23 and the lug 17 are respectively positioned at two sides of the lower guide sleeve 19, and the semi-finished product is clamped on the connecting rod 12; the cross rod 23 is perpendicular to the limiting rod 16, the end part of the cross rod 23, which is used for being matched with the inclined table 24, is rotatably connected with a roller, and the friction force generated when the end part 23 of the cross rod is matched with the inclined table 24 can be reduced by rolling the roller on the inclined table 24, so that the transmission between the cross rod and the inclined table 24 is smoother; when the connecting rod 12 is in a vertical state, the end part of the cross rod 23 is constrained by the inclined platform 24 on the sliding platform 25 to pull the lug 17 to compress the compression spring 20 to deform, as shown in fig. 3-4, the inclined platform 24 is in a structure with a high left part and a low right part, the inclined platform 24 is arranged on the sliding platform 25 through the bracket 26, the conical section 22 on the limiting rod 16 is matched with the limiting hole 15 on the shaft sleeve 8, when the shaft sleeve 8 rotates in the supporting ring, the edge of the limiting hole 15 is matched with the inclined plane on the conical section 22 to push the limiting rod 16 to retreat and slide until the shaft sleeve 8 rotates to the next station, and the conical section 22 can enter the limiting hole 15 of the next station; when the connecting rod 12 rotates and then inclines, the end part of the cross rod 23 is separated from the inclined platform 24, the pressure spring 20 can push the limiting rod 16 to slide towards the limiting hole 15, and the cylindrical section 21 on the limiting rod 16 is matched with the limiting hole 15 to limit the turnover of the shaft sleeve 8; in the step, the shaft body 2 clamped at the end part of the connecting rod 12 can be adjusted to be inclined by 45 degrees after the connecting rod 1245 is rotated, so that the axis of the shaft body 2 and the drilling machine 48 form a 45-degree included angle, and the circumferential flow channel 4 forming a 45-degree included angle with the main flow channel 5 can be machined subsequently;

c. the connecting rod 12 is driven to rotate by the air cylinder 27 on the sliding table 25, the sliding groove 28 is arranged in the middle of the connecting rod 12, the sliding groove 28 is arranged along the length direction of the connecting rod 12, the sliding table 25 is provided with a supporting rod 29, the supporting rod 29 is provided with a rotating shaft 30, and the rotating shaft 30 is positioned in the sliding groove 28; the sliding table 25 is rotatably connected with a swing rod 32 through a first hinge point 31, the first hinge point 31 is positioned below the rotating shaft 30, the swing rod 32 is rotatably connected with the connecting rod 12 through a rotating pin 33, the output end of the air cylinder 27 is rotatably connected with the rotating pin 33, and the cylinder body of the air cylinder 27 is rotatably connected to the bracket 26; wherein, the connecting rod 12, the swing link 32 and the output end of the cylinder 27 are simultaneously and rotatably connected to the rotating pin 33, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the end of the connecting rod 12 is provided with a notch for accommodating the end of the swing link 32, and the end of the swing link 32 is provided with an opening for accommodating the output end of the cylinder 27; when the cylinder 27 is in the extending state, the connecting rod 12 is in the vertical state, the rotating pin 33 is located between the rotating shaft 30 and the first hinge point 31, and the rotating pin 33, the rotating shaft 30 and the first hinge point 31 are in the same vertical direction; when the cylinder 27 is in a contracted state, the connecting rod 12 and the swing rod 32 rotate, the connecting rod 12 is in an inclined state, and the rotating pin 33, the rotating shaft 30 and the first hinge point 31 are in a triangular distribution structure; a pressure lever 34 is arranged on the bracket 26, the connecting rod 12 is abutted against the end part of the pressure lever 34 when in an inclined state, a front clamping plate 35 and a rear clamping plate 36 are arranged on the pressure lever 34 towards the end part of the connecting rod 12, the distance between the front clamping plate 35 and the rear clamping plate 36 is equal to the front-back thickness of the connecting rod 12, and the connecting rod 12 is clamped by the front clamping plate 35 and the rear clamping plate 36 after being inclined, so that the inclination adjustment of the sphere 1 on the connecting rod 12 is completed; the front plate 35 and the rear plate 36 form a gap capable of accommodating the connecting rod 12, and the front plate 35 and the rear plate 36 are provided with a rounded corner toward the end of the connecting rod 12, as shown in fig. 10, which can make the middle of the connecting rod 12 enter the gap between the front plate 35 and the rear plate 36 more smoothly; in general, the vibration acting on the connecting rod 12 in the vertical direction when the drilling machine 48 drills the ball 1 can be absorbed through the matching of the rotating shaft 30 and the pressing rod 34, the vibration acting on the horizontal plane of the connecting rod 12 when the drilling machine 48 drills the ball 1 can be absorbed through the front clamping plate 35 and the rear clamping plate 36, so that the connecting rod 12 is more stable when the drilling machine 48 drills the ball 1, and the precision of the circumferential flow channel 4 on the ball 1 relative to the main flow channel 5 is higher; wherein, the bracket 26 is fixedly connected on the sliding table 25, the inclined table 24 and the pressure lever 34 are both fixedly connected on the sliding table 25, and the cylinder body of the cylinder 27 is rotatably connected on the bracket 26;

d. the sliding table 25 is driven to feed on the workbench 38 through the cam 37, the sliding table 25 is connected to the workbench 38 in a sliding mode through a dovetail groove, and the workbench 38 is arranged on the base 39; a vertical plate 40 extends from the sliding table 25 towards the workbench 38, and a sliding hole 41 for the vertical plate 40 to pass through is formed in the workbench 38; a stepping motor is arranged on the base 39, the output end of the stepping motor is connected with a cam 37, the starting and stopping of the cam 37 are controlled through the stepping motor, the cam 37 can be driven to rotate when the stepping motor rotates, and the cam 37 also stops when the stepping motor stops; the outline of the cam 37 is abutted against the vertical plate 40, a tension spring used for pulling the vertical plate 40 to abut against the cam 37 is arranged between the vertical plate 40 and the base 39, one end of the tension spring is rotatably connected with the vertical plate 40, the other end of the tension spring is rotatably connected with the base 39, and the tension spring and the cam 37 are positioned on the same side of the vertical plate 40; a first linear gear 43 is horizontally arranged on the vertical plate 40, a first gear 44 which is used for being in meshing transmission with the first linear gear 43 is connected to the base 39 in a rotating mode, and a second gear 45 which is used for being in meshing transmission with the first gear 44 is connected to the base 39 in a rotating mode; a guide block 46 is arranged on the base 39, the guide block 46 is connected with a rack 47 in a sliding mode through a dovetail groove, a second linear rack which is used for being meshed with the second gear 45 for transmission is arranged on the rack 47, and a drilling machine 48 is arranged on the rack 47; after the ball 1 tilts, the cam 37 rotates to push the ball 1 on the sliding table 25 to feed towards the drilling machine 48; when the stepping motor stops rotating, the drilling machine 48 performs first drilling on the ball 1; after a hole is drilled, the stepping motor drives the cam 37 to rotate so as to drive the ball 1 to feed towards the drilling machine 48, and the drilling machine 48 feeds downwards; the stepping motor stops rotating, and the drilling machine 48 performs secondary drilling on the ball body 1; the punching work of all the circumferential flow channels 4 is completed on one open slot 3 in sequence, and the punching work of a row of circumferential flow channels 4 on the first open slot 3 is completed; in this step, when the circumferential flow channels 4 are opened in the same open slot 3, the intersection points between the circumferential flow channels 4 and the main flow channel 5 are different, but the drilling stroke of the drilling machine 48 is constant when the drilling machine descends each time, so that the descending height difference of the intersection points between the circumferential flow channels 4 and the main flow channel 5 can be compensated by the descending feeding of the frame 47; for example, three intersection points between the three circumferential flow channels 4 and the main flow channel 5 are m, n, and o, respectively, and the three intersection points are arranged in the state shown in fig. 4 in sequence, so that the three circumferential flow channels 4 are punched in sequence in the punching process; in the process from m to n, the height difference of h is increased when the hole at the position n is punched compared with the depth requirement when the hole at the position m is punched; but the stroke of each drilling machine 48 is not changed, and the stroke required by the descending of the drilling machine 48 can be compensated through the sliding of the frame 47 on the guide block 46, and the specific descending stroke value of the frame 47 can be adjusted through the gear matching among the first gear 44, the second gear 45, the first linear rack 43 and the second linear rack;

e. the cylinder 27 extends out to enable the connecting rod 12 to be in a vertical state, the cross rod 23 on the connecting rod 12 is matched with the inclined table 24 to enable the cylindrical section 21 on the limiting rod 16 to withdraw from the limiting hole 15 on the shaft sleeve 8, the position of the next open slot 3 needing to be punched is adjusted to be a position facing to the right lower side of the drilling machine 48 by rotating the shaft sleeve 890 degrees, the edge of the limiting hole 15 can be used for stirring the conical section 22 to shrink in the process of rotating the shaft sleeve 8, the cylinder 27 shrinks to adjust the sphere 1 on the connecting rod 12 to be in an inclined state, the sphere 1 is driven to feed towards the direction of the drilling machine 48 and the drilling machine 48 feeds downwards by the rotation of the cam 37, the drilling machine 48 punches on the second open slot 3, and then the punching work of;

f. and e, repeating the operation method in the step e twice to complete the punching work of the circumferential flow channel 4 on the third open slot 3 and the fourth open slot 3 to obtain a cutter head with an obtuse angle formed by the circumferential flow channel 4 and the shaft body 2, and finally taking out the machined special cutter head for the otolaryngological department from the shaft sleeve 8.

In order to improve the transmission efficiency between the cam 37 and the vertical plate 40, the transmission between the cam 37 and the vertical plate 40 can be adjusted to the following states in the processes of steps d, e and f:

when the cam 37 is in first circulation, the punching work on the first open slot 3 can be realized when a push stroke motion angle area on the cam 37 is matched with the vertical plate 40, in the process, the drilling machine 48 is in a descending state, and the punching sequence of the circumferential flow channels 4 is that the ball body 1 sequentially punches towards the shaft body 2, so that the punching work of the circumferential flow channels 4 in the first row is completed;

after the completion of the first row of circumferential runners 4, the far angle of repose zone on the cam 37 cooperates with the riser 40, during which time the sleeve 8 can be rotated clockwise to rotate the next slot 3 to the station corresponding to the drilling machine 48;

then, the return motion angle area on the cam 37 is matched with the vertical plate 40 to complete the punching work on the second open slot 3, in the process, the drilling machine 48 is in an ascending state, and the punching sequence of the circumferential flow channels 4 is that the shaft body 2 sequentially punches towards the sphere 1, so that the punching work of the second row of circumferential flow channels 4 is completed;

after the second row of circumferential flow channels 4 are punched, the near-repose angle area on the cam 37 is matched with the vertical plate 40, and the shaft sleeve 8 can be rotated clockwise again in a time period to enable the third open slot 3 to rotate to a station corresponding to the drilling machine 48;

then, the cam 37 performs a second turnover, when a push stroke motion angle area on the cam 37 is matched with the vertical plate 40, the punching work on the third open slot 3 can be realized, in the process, the drilling machine 48 is in a descending state, and the punching sequence of the circumferential flow channels 4 is that the ball 1 sequentially punches towards the shaft body 2, so that the punching work of the third row of circumferential flow channels 4 is completed;

after the third row of circumferential flow channels 4 is completed, the far angle of repose zone on the cam 37 engages the riser 40, during which time the sleeve 8 can be rotated clockwise to rotate the fourth open slot 3 to a station corresponding to the drilling machine 48;

then, the return motion angle area on the cam 37 is matched with the vertical plate 40 to complete the punching work on the fourth open slot 3, in the process, the drilling machine 48 is in an ascending state, and the punching sequence of the circumferential flow channels 4 is that the shaft body 2 sequentially punches towards the sphere 1, so that the punching work of the circumferential flow channels 4 in the fourth row is completed, and the punching work of all the circumferential flow channels 4 on the four open slots 3 is also completed;

in general, the punching operation of all the circumferential flow channels 4 in the 4 open grooves 3 on the sphere 1 is completed by two revolutions of the cam 37.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a special tool bit of otolaryngology branch of academic or vocational study, it includes interconnect's spheroid (1) and axis body (2), its characterized in that: the axis of the shaft body (2) penetrates through the center of the sphere (1), the outer wall of the sphere (1) is provided with a plurality of open grooves (3), and the bottom of each open groove (3) is provided with a plurality of circumferential flow channels (4); a plurality of circumferential flow channels (4) on the respective open grooves (3) are arranged in parallel, and a main flow channel (5) is arranged on the ball body (1) and the shaft body (2); one end of the circumferential flow channel (4) is communicated with the main flow channel (5), and the other end of the circumferential flow channel penetrates through the outer wall of the sphere (1); the opening of the open slot (3) is provided with a blade (6).

2. The special blade for otorhinolaryngological department according to claim 1, wherein: the open slots (3) are formed along the axis direction of the shaft body (2), and the open slots (3) are uniformly distributed around the axis of the shaft body (2).

3. The special blade for otorhinolaryngological department according to claim 2, wherein: the circumferential flow channels (4) on each open groove (3) are uniformly distributed on the ball body (1) along the axis direction of the shaft body (2).

4. The special blade for otorhinolaryngological department according to claim 3, wherein: the included angle between the circumferential flow channel (4) and the shaft body (2) is an obtuse angle.

5. The special blade for otorhinolaryngological department according to claim 4, wherein: the included angle between the circumferential flow channel (4) and the shaft body (2) is 135 degrees.

6. The special blade for otorhinolaryngological department according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the open slots (3) is 4.

7. The special blade for otorhinolaryngological department according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the open groove (3) is larger than the diameter value of the circumferential flow channel (4).

8. The special blade for otorhinolaryngological department according to claim 1, wherein: the axis of the main flow channel (5) coincides with the axis of the shaft body (2), the main flow channel (5) penetrates into the ball body (1) from the tail end of the shaft body (2), and the diameter value of the main flow channel (5) is larger than that of the circumferential flow channel (4).

9. The special blade for otorhinolaryngological department according to claim 1, wherein: the end part of the shaft body (2) far away from the ball body (1) is provided with a convex ring (7), and the peripheral wall of the convex ring (7) is of a hexagonal structure.

10. A method for preparing the special tool bit for the otorhinolaryngological department, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: it comprises the following steps:

a. cutting a blank from a bar stock through a cutting machine, clamping the blank on a three-jaw chuck of a numerical control machine for the first time, machining an end face needing to be provided with a main runner (5) through a turning tool on the numerical control machine, then machining the main runner (5) through the turning tool, and machining a shaft body (2) and a convex ring (7); then, the blank is taken out of the three-jaw chuck, the blank is clamped on the three-jaw chuck for the second time in one direction, and the sphere (1) is machined through a turning tool; then, 4 open slots (3) are processed on the ball body (1) by a milling cutter on a numerical control machine tool, and the semi-finished product is taken down from the three-jaw chuck;

b. clamping a shaft body (2) on the semi-finished product into a shaft sleeve (8), wherein the end surface of the shaft body (2) is abutted against the bottom surface of a groove (9), and the outer wall of a hexagonal convex ring (7) is abutted against the inner wall of the groove (9) matched with the hexagonal convex ring; a screw (10) is screwed in the diameter direction of the shaft sleeve (8), a frustum (11) which is used for tightly abutting against the edge of the convex ring (7) is arranged on one end of the screw (10) facing the shaft body (2), and the shaft body (2) is limited in the groove (9) through an inclined plane on the frustum (11); the shaft sleeve (8) is inserted into a supporting ring (13) at the end part of the connecting rod (12), a through hole (14) is formed in the supporting ring (13), 4 limiting holes (15) are formed in the bottom of the shaft sleeve (8), the 4 limiting holes (15) are uniformly distributed around the axis of the shaft body (2), and the distance from the through hole (14) in the supporting ring (13) to the axis of the shaft body (2) is equal to the distance from the limiting hole (15) to the axis of the shaft body (2); the connecting rod (12) is connected with a limiting rod (16) in a sliding mode, a convex block (17) is arranged in the middle of the limiting rod (16), an upper guide sleeve (18) and a lower guide sleeve (19) are respectively arranged on two sides of the convex block (17) of the connecting rod (12), and the distance from the upper guide sleeve (18) to the shaft sleeve (8) is smaller than the distance from the lower guide sleeve (19) to the shaft sleeve (8); the limiting rod (16) is connected to the upper guide sleeve (18) and the lower guide sleeve (19) in a sliding mode along the length direction of the connecting rod (12), the end portion, close to the shaft sleeve (8), of the limiting rod (16) penetrates through the through hole (14) and then is matched with the limiting hole (15) in the shaft sleeve (8), and one end, facing the shaft sleeve (8), of the limiting rod (16) comprises a cylindrical section (21) and a conical section (22); a pressure spring (20) is sleeved on the limiting rod (16), one end of the pressure spring (20) is tightly abutted with the convex ring (7), and the other end of the pressure spring (20) is tightly abutted with the lower guide sleeve (19); a cross rod (23) is arranged at one end of the limiting rod (16) far away from the shaft sleeve (8), the cross rod (23) and the convex block (17) are respectively positioned at two sides of the lower guide sleeve (19), and the semi-finished product is clamped on the connecting rod (12); when the connecting rod (12) is in a vertical state, the end part of the cross rod (23) is restrained by an inclined table (24) on the sliding table (25) to pull the lug (17) to compress the pressure spring (20) to deform, the inclined table (24) is arranged on the sliding table (25) through a support (26), a conical section (22) on the limiting rod (16) is matched with a limiting hole on the shaft sleeve (8), when the shaft sleeve (8) rotates in the supporting ring (13), the edge of the limiting hole (15) is matched with an inclined plane on the conical section (22) to push the limiting rod (16) to retreat and slide until the shaft sleeve (8) rotates to the next station, and the conical section (22) can enter the limiting hole (15) of the next station; when the connecting rod (12) rotates and then inclines, the end part of the cross rod (23) is separated from the sloping platform (24), the pressure spring (20) can push the limiting rod (16) to slide towards the limiting hole direction, and the cylindrical section (21) on the limiting rod (16) is matched with the limiting hole (15) to limit the turnover of the shaft sleeve (8);

c. the air cylinder (27) on the sliding table (25) drives the connecting rod (12) to rotate, the middle part of the connecting rod (12) is provided with a sliding groove (28), the sliding groove (28) is arranged along the length direction of the connecting rod (12), the sliding table (25) is provided with a supporting rod (29), the supporting rod (29) is provided with a rotating shaft (30), and the rotating shaft (30) is positioned in the sliding groove (28); the sliding table (25) is rotatably connected with a swing rod (32) through a first hinge point (31), the first hinge point (31) is positioned below the rotating shaft (30), the swing rod (32) is rotatably connected with the connecting rod (12) through a rotating pin (33), the output end of the air cylinder (27) is rotatably connected with the rotating pin (33), and the air cylinder body of the air cylinder (27) is rotatably connected to the support (26); when the cylinder (27) is in an extending state, the connecting rod (12) is in a vertical state, the rotating pin (33) is positioned between the rotating shaft (30) and the first hinge point (31), and the rotating pin (33), the rotating shaft (30) and the first hinge point (31) are positioned in the same vertical direction; when the air cylinder (27) is in a contraction state, the connecting rod (12) and the swing rod (32) rotate, the connecting rod (12) is in an inclined state, and the rotating pin (33), the rotating shaft (30) and the first hinge point (31) are in a triangular distribution structure; a pressure lever (34) is arranged on the support (26), the connecting rod (12) is abutted against the end part of the pressure lever (34) when in an inclined state, a front clamping plate (35) and a rear clamping plate (36) are arranged on the pressure lever (34) and face the end part of the connecting rod (12), the distance between the front clamping plate (35) and the rear clamping plate (36) is equal to the front-back thickness of the connecting rod (12), and the connecting rod (12) is clamped by the front clamping plate (35) and the rear clamping plate (36) after being inclined, so that the inclination adjustment of a sphere (1) on the connecting rod (12) is completed;

d. the cam (37) drives the sliding table (25) to feed on the workbench (38), the sliding table (25) is connected to the workbench (38) in a sliding mode through a dovetail groove, and the workbench (38) is arranged on the base (39); a vertical plate (40) extends from the sliding table (25) towards the direction of the workbench (38), and a sliding hole (41) for the vertical plate (40) to pass through is formed in the workbench (38); a stepping motor is arranged on the base (39), the output end of the stepping motor is connected with a cam (37), the outline of the cam (37) is abutted against a vertical plate (40), a tension spring (42) used for pulling the vertical plate (40) to abut against the cam (37) is arranged between the vertical plate (40) and the base (39), one end of the tension spring (42) is rotatably connected with the vertical plate (40), the other end of the tension spring is rotatably connected with the base (39), and the tension spring (42) and the cam (37) are positioned on the same side of the vertical plate (40); a first linear rack (43) is horizontally arranged on the vertical plate (40), a first gear (44) which is used for being meshed with the first linear rack (43) for transmission is rotatably connected to the base (39), and a second gear (45) which is used for being meshed with the first gear (44) for transmission is rotatably connected to the base (39); a guide block (46) is arranged on the base (39), the guide block (46) is connected with a rack (47) in a sliding mode through a dovetail groove, a second linear rack which is used for being meshed with a second gear (45) for transmission is arranged on the rack (47), and a drilling machine (48) is arranged on the rack (47); after the ball body (1) is inclined, the cam (37) rotates to push the ball body (1) on the sliding table (25) to feed towards the drilling machine (48); when the stepping motor stops rotating, the drilling machine (48) performs primary drilling on the ball body (1); after a hole is drilled, the stepping motor drives the cam (37) to rotate so as to drive the ball body (1) to feed towards the drilling machine (48), and the drilling machine (48) feeds downwards; the stepping motor stops rotating, and the drilling machine (48) performs secondary drilling on the sphere (1); the punching work of all the circumferential flow channels (4) is completed on one open slot (3) in sequence, and the punching work of a row of circumferential flow channels (4) on the first open slot (3) is completed;

e. the cylinder (27) extends to enable the connecting rod (12) to be in a vertical state, the cross rod (23) on the connecting rod (12) is matched with the inclined table (24) to enable the upper cylindrical section (21) of the limiting rod (16) to withdraw from the limiting hole (15) on the shaft sleeve (8), the position of the next open slot (3) to be punched is adjusted to the position facing the drilling machine (48) by rotating the shaft sleeve (8) for 90 degrees, the edge of the limiting hole (15) can stir the conical section (22) to shrink in the process of rotating the shaft sleeve (8), the cylinder (27) shrinks to adjust the sphere (1) on the connecting rod (12) to be in an inclined state, the rotation of the cam (37) drives the ball body (1) to feed towards the drilling machine (48) and the drilling machine (48) to feed downwards, the drilling machine (48) punches holes on the second open slot (3), further completing the punching work of a row of circumferential flow channels (4) on the second open slot (3);

f. and e, repeating the operation method in the step e twice to complete the punching work of the circumferential flow channel (4) on the third open slot (3) and the fourth open slot (3) to obtain a cutter head with an obtuse angle formed by the circumferential flow channel (4) and the shaft body (2), and finally taking out the machined special cutter head for the otolaryngological department from the shaft sleeve (8).