CN112970634A

CN112970634A - Clown fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding method

Info

Publication number: CN112970634A
Application number: CN202110159335.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王峰; 刘博�; 郑波
Original assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University
Current assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-02-04
Filing date: 2021-02-04
Publication date: 2021-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-04
Also published as: CN112970634B

Abstract

The invention provides a clown fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding method, which comprises the following steps: 1) water culture, 2) algae cultivation: 3) the clown fish breeding method has the advantages that the clown fish can be stably produced, and purification can be provided for a circulating water breeding system; the substrate for the seaweed to climb in the seaweed jar adopts ceramic rings instead of sea sand, so that the volume of the cultivated bacteria is effectively enlarged, meanwhile, no any obstruction is caused to water flow circulation on the basis of meeting the requirement of seaweed fibrous root climbing, and pollutants are not easy to accumulate. The invention fully meets the ecological requirements of clown fish and marine ornamental algae, effectively realizes three-dimensional mixed breeding and cultivation, and increases the economic benefits of breeding and cultivation; meanwhile, the residual bait and excrement of the clown fish are effectively absorbed by the algae as nutrition, so that the water quality is purified, and the material and energy balance of the culture water body is in a dynamic balance state.

Description

Clown fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a clown fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding method.

Background

Clown fish (Amphiprioninae) belongs to the family Hirudinidae of Perciformes, and is a tropical coral reef fish, which is generally named like the horns in the Beijing opera, due to white stripes on the body side. There are 28 natural species known, one from acanthopagrus (Premnas) and the others from amphisarus (ampphirion). Clown fish has a close and inseparable symbiotic relationship with sea anemone in nature, and is also called sea anemone fish.

Common clown fishes include prince clown fish (ampiphion ocephalis), red clown fish (ampiphion frenatus), black double-belt clown fish (ampiphion sebae), red-penetrating clown fish (Premnas biacculus), black leopard clown fish (ampiphion latezonatus) and the like, are mostly distributed in reef sea areas of Indian ocean and Western Pacific ocean, have strange shapes and variable body colors, take sea anemones as habitats with defense functions in nature, attract other fishes to approach, increase the predation opportunity of the sea anemones, are also called as 'sea anemones', are in a typical symbiotic relationship with the sea anemones, and have omnivory.

With the improvement of living standard, the proportion of seawater aquatic animals in the aquatic animals market as a market segment is higher and higher, and clown fishes are favored by more and more aquatic fans as a star variety.

The wild clown fish can be artificially cultured after certain domestication, the gonads of the domesticated clown fish can be artificially bred after the domestication is half a year to more than one year, and clown fish of different varieties can be bred in a hybridization way. At present, the varieties of Picasso, gold bricks, black ice, pandas, DaVinci and the like appearing in the market are all artificial varieties after domestication and improvement. The clown fish group bred artificially has stronger adaptability to the artificial breeding environment and higher survival rate, is in short supply in the aquarium market, and plays a certain role in replacing and protecting wild resources.

Moreover, with the decline of wild natural resources and the protection of marine organism resources in the world, the cost for catching wild clown fish resources is higher and higher, and the artificial breeding and breeding of clown fish is a trend.

The circulating water culture is the production mode with the highest industrialization degree in various modes of aquaculture, and the sewage treatment facility is established to ensure that the aquaculture sewage is properly treated and then returned to the aquaculture water pool for recycling. Compared with a running water type culture mode, the water-saving mode can save water by more than 90 percent, saves land by as high as 99 percent, and is the development direction of future aquaculture. The circulating water culture mode can reduce the dependence on the surrounding water environment in the culture process and has important significance on the health and sustainable development of the aquaculture industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a clown fish and marine ornamental algae fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding method, thereby making up the defects of the prior art.

The invention provides a clown fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding method, which comprises the following steps:

1) water culture:

injecting fresh and disinfected seawater with salinity of 28-32 into the symbiotic circulation system, starting a water pump and a protein separator, turning on an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp, controlling the water temperature to be 22-26 ℃ and the salinity to be 28-32, continuously circulating, inoculating a purified strain and a nutrient solution into the filter material bin to culture a biological membrane, and introducing NH into a water body₄ ⁺N concentration < 1.0mg/L，NO₂ ^-Completing the water-nourishing stage when N is less than 0.1 mg/L;

the purification strain is a mixed strain of nitrobacillus and bacillus subtilis, and is specifically described as an example, wherein the quantity ratio of the nitrobacillus to the bacillus subtilis is 1: 2;

the nutrient solution is NH added with clay and zeolite powder₄ ⁺-a N solution;

the NH₄ ⁺-the N solution is a 40mg/l ammonium chloride solution;

2) algae cultivation: cleaning and disinfecting the ceramic rings, and uniformly spreading the ceramic rings in the algae tank with the ring holes upward; another ceramic ring is taken, and fibrous roots or stolons of the algae penetrate through the ceramic ring; uniformly paving the ceramic rings with the attached alga bodies among the ceramic rings flatly paved in the culture tank for culturing the alga;

the planting density of the algae is 25-35 g/m²(ii) a The water quality indexes are as follows: the water temperature is 22-26 ℃, the salinity is 28-32, the pH value is 7.5-8.2, and the illumination intensity is 3000-4000 lx.

The algae is Botryococcus, Caulerpa cuneata, Alcaliae, Kazuno, red Botryococcus, cajeput or flame algae;

3) breeding clown fish: the clown fish with the specification of 6-10cm female and 4-5cm male, normal body color, health, no damage and abundant vitality is used as parent fish, the parent fish is put into a culture tank, the clown fish can freely move, the behavior of the clown fish is observed, if the clown fish has a fighting phenomenon, the two clown fish are female, the small clown fish needs to be replaced in time until the two clown fish are not rejected and are in close contact, and the pairing is successful. The clown fish in normal pairing takes the breeding tank as a nest, and two fishes closely move in the nest. The clown fish parent fish is bred in pairs, the water temperature is 26-28 ℃, the salinity is 28-32, the dissolved oxygen is more than 5mg/l, the pH value is 7.5-8.2, the illumination intensity is 2000-3000lx, and the illumination time is 8-10 hs per day.

Feeding nutrition-enhanced bait, artificial seawater fish feed for clown fish and artemia nauplii during culture, and feeding the artificial seawater fish feed for clown fish soaked in the antibacterial peptide solution once or several times per week (crude protein is more than or equal to 51%, crude fat is more than or equal to 10%, crude fiber is less than or equal to 3%, crude ash content is less than or equal to 16%, and particle size is 1.2 mm); the antibacterial peptide has an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 1;

the clown fish nutrition-enhancing bait comprises the following components: 50% of shrimp meat, 25% of oyster meat, 10% of scallop meat, 10% of squid meat, 4% of spirulina powder and 1% of multi-vitamin are uniformly beaten by an autonomous meat mincer, are frozen at low temperature after being subpackaged, are taken out from a refrigerator in advance when being fed, and are fed when the temperature is recovered to the room temperature.

Furthermore, the clown fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding system used by the method comprises a system frame, a bottom filter tank, a breeding tank and an algae tank. The system frame plays a role in fixing and supporting the system, the algae tank is arranged on the uppermost layer of the system frame, the propagation tank is arranged in the middle layer of the system frame, and the bottom filtering tank is arranged on the bottommost layer of the system frame;

the breeding cylinder uses a partition space area as a breeding grid, a drain pipe is arranged at a drilling hole at the cylinder bottom and is connected with a bottom filtering cylinder;

a lower water bin is arranged at one side of the algae jar, a drain pipe is arranged at the center of the bottom in the bin by drilling, and the residual space of the algae jar is an algae cultivation bin; the water drainage pipe is communicated to the breeding grid of the breeding cylinder;

the bottom filter vat is provided with a water purification system and a circulating water pump, a water discharge pipe of the breeding vat flows into the water purification system, and purified water is pumped into breeding grids of the algae vat cultivating bin and the breeding vat through the water pump to form a water supply pipeline;

a further water outlet hole of the algae cylinder lower water bin is provided with an insertion pipe, and the height of the insertion pipe is set according to the requirement to control the water level of the lower water bin;

the system frame is a cylinder body support made of sectional materials, stainless steel materials or wood materials, and universal wheels or adjustable feet are arranged at four corners of the bottom of the support;

further, the bottom filter cylinder water purification system and the circulating water pump use double-layer staggered glass as a partition plate to evenly divide the bottom filter cylinder into 4 grids which are respectively a precipitation bin, an egg bin, a filter material bin and a pump bin;

the bottom filter cylinder is further made of glass;

the breeding cylinder is further arranged in a system middle layer and made of glass, a grating is arranged at the position away from the back side of the cylinder wall, the grating is an acrylic grating, the front side area of the grating is divided into grids uniformly to serve as breeding grids, and a drain pipe is arranged at the center of the bottom of the back side area of the grating through a drilling hole;

the algae vat is further arranged on the top layer of the system, the left side of the algae vat is provided with a lower water sump made of glass, a hole is drilled in the center of the bottom in the sump for drainage, the residual space is uniformly divided into three grids, and the three grids are a first-stage algae vat, a second-stage algae vat and a third-stage algae vat from right to left;

furthermore, the forced drainage is arranged at the drilling hole at the central part of the bottom of the breeding grid at the front side of the breeding cylinder, and the forced drainage of all the breeding cylinders are connected together through PVC pipes and directly communicated to a sewage discharge pipe to form a forced drainage pipeline;

furthermore, all the breeding cylinder drain pipes are connected together and communicated to the left sedimentation bin of the bottom filtering cylinder to form a water return pipeline;

further, a hollow plastic basket is erected on a precipitation bin on the left side of a bottom filter cylinder, multiple layers of filter cotton are laid in a frame to be used for primary filtration, a protein separator is arranged in an egg bin to be used for secondary filtration, ceramic rings are arranged in a filter material bin to culture nitrifying bacteria and perform tertiary filtration, a water pump is arranged in a pump bin, a water supply pipe is communicated with a breeding cylinder and an algae cylinder, each breeding grid of the breeding cylinder is provided with a valve to adjust water flow and water pressure, each layer is provided with a main valve to adjust water flow and water pressure, the algae cylinder only communicates the water supply pipe to a first-level algae cylinder on the right side, a valve is arranged at an outlet to adjust water flow, and a rain pipe is arranged at a water inlet of the;

further, a water discharge pipe of the top-layer algae tank is communicated with the breeding tank and is distributed to each breeding grid through a pipeline; each breeding grid is provided with a valve for regulating water flow and water pressure, and a main valve for regulating water flow and water pressure is arranged;

furthermore, an upper water pipe connected with a pump chamber water pump and a drain pipe connected with an algae cylinder are distributed at the positions of water inlets of the breeding grids, opposite to each other, and connected with a duckbill at the tail end of the water inlet, the duckbill is opposite to the breeding grid cylinder wall in a manner of being attached to the duck mouth, the height of the duckbill is slightly higher than the water level in the breeding grids, and each valve is adjusted to enable circulating water flow to be formed in each breeding grid;

furthermore, the height of the partition plate is adjusted when the bottom filter cylinder is divided into cells, so that the water level height precipitation bin is larger than the egg bin, the filter material bin is larger than the pump bin; when the algae jars are divided into grids, the height of the partition plate is adjusted, so that the water level height of a first-stage algae jar is larger than that of a second-stage algae jar, is larger than that of a third-stage algae jar and is larger than that of a lower water bin;

further, the bottom filter vat and the algae vat clapboard are double-layer staggered glass;

further, an ultraviolet germicidal lamp and a temperature control system are arranged in the bottom filter cylinder sedimentation bin; the wavelength of the ultraviolet germicidal lamp is 240-260nm, and the temperature of the water is adjusted to be 22-26 ℃ by a temperature control system;

further, a layer of hollow through-hole ceramic rings are uniformly paved on the bottom layers of all the algae pots for the marine ornamental algae to climb;

further, an LED biological light source is arranged on the propagation tank, the illumination intensity is 2000-; the algae jar is also provided with an LED biological light source, the lamp bead selects blue and red light sources, the light source is set to be automatically timed, and the starting time is 9:00-17:00 per day.

Furthermore, glass clapboards among the breeding grids of the breeding tank are adhered by black plastic paper, so that clown fishes in different breeding grids are prevented from fighting each other when seeing each other; the inner side of each breeding grid is horizontally provided with a ceramic flowerpot with a proper size and a proper disinfection as a breeding pot.

The breeding and cultivating objects of the invention are clown fish and marine ornamental algae, and the cultivating tank of the marine ornamental algae is arranged on the top layer of the system, thus not only being capable of stably producing, but also being capable of providing purification for a circulating water breeding system; the substrate for the seaweed to climb in the seaweed jar adopts ceramic rings instead of sea sand, so that the volume of the cultivated bacteria is effectively enlarged, meanwhile, no any obstruction is caused to water flow circulation on the basis of meeting the requirement of seaweed fibrous root climbing, and pollutants are not easy to accumulate. The invention fully meets the ecological requirements of clown fish and marine ornamental algae, effectively realizes three-dimensional mixed breeding and cultivation, and increases the economic benefits of breeding and cultivation; meanwhile, the residual bait and excrement of the clown fish are effectively absorbed by the algae as nutrition, so that the water quality is purified, and the material and energy balance of the culture water body is in a dynamic balance state. The invention also provides a method for breeding the clown fish and the marine ornamental algae by artificially configuring seawater, effectively expands the breeding and culturing space of the clown fish and the marine ornamental algae, and is a flexible and effective breeding and culturing mode supplement for the clown fish and the marine ornamental algae.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a clown fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding system;

FIG. 2: a structure diagram of an algae tank of a clown fish, fish and vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding system;

FIG. 3: structure diagram of clown fish, fish and vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding system breeding tank

FIG. 4: a structure diagram of a bottom filter tank of a clown fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding system;

in the drawings: 1. a system rack; 2. a breeding vat; 2.1 grating 2.2 breeding grids; 3 bottom filtering cylinder 3.1 precipitation storehouse, 3.2 egg storehouse, 3.3 filter media storehouse, 3.4 pump storehouse, 3.5 pump, 4 algae jars, 4.1 intubate, 4.2 lower water storehouse, 4.3 cultivate the storehouse, 5 upper hose, 5.1 deluge pipe, 6. forced drainage, 7. drain pipe, 8 valves, 9 blow off pipes, 10. baffle

Detailed Description

The traditional culture of clown fish and algae is respectively carried out in a cement seedling raising pond or a cultivation pond, is limited by seasonal factors and regional factors, and is easily limited by water sources and culture environments. The applicant fully utilizes the advantages of the circulating water culture mode on the basis of fully considering the ecological habits and the culture breeding requirements of the cultured objects, and constructs the three-dimensional mixed breeding and culture mode of the cultured objects. Effectively expands the breeding and cultivating space of the cultivated objects and realizes the fish-vegetable symbiotic type stable, efficient and healthy breeding and cultivation of clown fishes and marine ornamental algae. And the system can be used as an independent reproducible unit and can be expanded according to market demands and production value benefits. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

Example 1

The invention provides a clown fish, fish and vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding system which comprises a system frame 1, a bottom filtering tank 3, a breeding tank 2 and an algae tank 4.

The system frame 1 plays a role in fixing and supporting the system, the algae tank 4 is arranged on the uppermost layer of the system frame, the culture tank 2 is arranged in the middle layer of the system frame, and the bottom filter tank 3 is arranged on the bottommost layer of the system frame 1;

the breeding cylinder 2 is provided with an acrylic grating at the position away from the back side of the cylinder wall, the front area of the grating 2.1 uses a partition interval area as a breeding grid 2.2, a cylinder bottom drilling hole at the back side of the grating is provided with a drain pipe, and the drain pipe 7 is connected with the bottom filter cylinder 3;

a lower water sump 4.2 is arranged at the left side of the algae tank 4, a drain pipe 7 is arranged at the center of the bottom in the lower water sump 4.2 by drilling, and algae are planted in the residual space; the water discharge pipe is communicated to a breeding grid 2.2 of the breeding cylinder;

the bottom filter vat 3 is provided with a water purification system and a circulating water pump, the water discharge pipe of the breeding vat 2 flows into the water purification system, and purified water is pumped into the algae vat cultivating bin 4.3 and the breeding grids 2.2 of the breeding vat through a water pump 3.5;

the preferable system frame is a cylinder body support made of sectional materials, stainless steel materials or wood materials, the length of the cylinder body support is 150cm, the width of the cylinder body support is 60cm, the height of the cylinder body support is 230cm, the cylinder body support is divided into four layers, and the layer heights are 65cm, 55cm and 55cm respectively;

the bottom filter cylinder is preferably provided with a water purification system and a circulating water pump, and is uniformly divided into 4 grids by double-layer staggered glass, namely a precipitation bin 3.1, an egg bin 3.2, a filter material bin 3.3 and a pump bin 3.4;

the bottom filter vat 3 is preferably made of glass, the thickness of the glass is 8mm, the length is 150cm, the width is 60cm, and the height is 40 cm;

the bottom filter vat and the algae vat clapboard 10 are preferably double-layer staggered glass;

the preferable breeding cylinder 2 is arranged on the second layer and the third layer of the system, the breeding cylinder is made of glass, the thickness of the glass is 8mm, the length is 150cm, the width is 60cm, the height is 35cm, an acrylic grating is arranged at a position 15cm away from the back side of the cylinder wall, the front area of the grating 2.1 is uniformly divided into 5 grids serving as breeding grids 2.2, a drain pipe is arranged at the center of the bottom of the back area of the grating, and the size of the drain hole is 50 cm;

preferably, the algae vat 4 is arranged on the top layer of the system, the algae vat is made of glass, the glass is 8mm in thickness, 150cm in length, 60cm in width and 35cm in height, a lower water sump is arranged at the position 15cm on the left side of the algae vat, a drainage hole is arranged at the center of the bottom in the sump in a drilling mode, the size of the drainage hole is 50cm, a cannula 4.1 is arranged on the drainage hole, the height of the cannula is arranged according to needs to control the water level of the water sump, the rest space is evenly divided into three grids, and the first-stage algae vat, the second-stage algae vat and the third-stage algae;

preferably, the central part of the bottom of each propagation grid on the front side of each propagation cylinder is drilled with a forced drainage, the size of a drainage drill hole is 25cm, all the forced drainage 6 of the two propagation cylinders are connected together through PVC pipes and directly communicated with a drainage pipe 9 to form a forced drainage pipeline;

preferably, the water drained from the second layer of propagation cylinder and the water drained from the third layer of propagation cylinder are connected together and communicated to a left precipitation bin 3.1 of the bottom filtering cylinder to form a water return pipeline;

a hollow plastic basket is erected on a precipitation bin 3.1 on the left side of a preferred bottom filter cylinder, a plurality of layers of filter cotton are laid in a frame to be used for primary filtration, a protein separator is arranged in an egg bin 3.2 to be used for secondary filtration, a ceramic ring is arranged in a filter material bin 3.3 to culture nitrifying bacteria groups and be used for tertiary filtration, a water pump is arranged in a pump bin, a water feeding pipe 5 is communicated and connected to a propagation cylinder and an algae cylinder, each propagation grid 2.2 of the propagation cylinder 2 is provided with a valve to adjust water flow and water pressure, a main valve is arranged on each layer to adjust water flow and water pressure, the algae cylinder only communicates the water feeding pipe to a first-level algae cylinder on the right side, and a valve 8 is arranged at an;

the end point of the upper water pipe 5 of the algae jar is provided with a deluge pipe 5.1 which can disperse water flow and water pressure, so that the purified water can be more uniformly contacted with algae plants, and the cultivation and growth of the algae are facilitated;

preferably, the water drained from the top-layer algae cylinder lower water bin 4.2 is independently communicated to the second-layer breeding cylinder and the third-layer breeding cylinder and is distributed to each breeding grid through a pipeline; each breeding grid is provided with a valve for regulating water flow and water pressure, and the second layer and the third layer are provided with main valves for regulating water flow and water pressure;

the upper water pipe 5 connected with the preferable pump cabin water pump and the drain pipe 7 connected with the algae jar 4 are distributed at the position opposite to the water inlet of each breeding grid, the tail end of the water inlet is connected with a duckbill opening, the duckbill opening is opposite to the jar wall of the breeding grid in a manner of being attached to the jar wall of the breeding grid, the height of the duckbill opening is slightly higher than the water level in the breeding grid, and each valve is adjusted to enable circulating water flow to be formed in each breeding grid 2.2;

the height of the partition plate is adjusted when the bottom filter cylinder is divided into grids, so that the water level height precipitation bin is 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, the egg separation bin is 3.2, the filter material bin is 3.3 and the pump bin is 3.4; when the algae jars are divided into grids, the height of the partition plate is adjusted, so that the water level height of a first-stage algae jar is larger than that of a second-stage algae jar, is larger than that of a third-stage algae jar and is larger than that of a lower water bin;

an ultraviolet germicidal lamp and a temperature control system are arranged in the preferable bottom filter cylinder sedimentation bin; the wavelength of the ultraviolet germicidal lamp is 240-260nm, and the temperature of the water is adjusted to be 22-26 ℃ by a temperature control system;

a layer of hollow through-hole ceramic ring is uniformly laid on the bottom layer of all the preferable algae cylinders for the marine ornamental algae to climb;

an LED biological light source is arranged on the preferable propagation tank, the illumination intensity is 2000-; the algae jar is also provided with an LED biological light source, the lamp bead selects blue and red light sources, the light source is set to be automatically timed, and the starting time is 9:00-17:00 per day;

glass clapboards among the preferable breeding grids in the breeding tank are adhered by black plastic paper, so that clown fishes in different breeding grids are prevented from fighting each other when seeing each other; the inner side of each breeding grid is horizontally provided with a ceramic flowerpot with a proper size and a proper disinfection as a breeding pot.

Example 2:

the invention provides a clown fish-vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding method which comprises the steps of water culture, algae planting, fish throwing management, harvesting and the like. The method comprises the following specific steps:

1. water culture: by utilizing the system provided by the embodiment 1, injecting fresh and disinfected seawater, starting a water pump and a protein separator, turning on an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp, controlling the water temperature to be 22-26 ℃ and the salinity to be 28-32, continuously circulating for 3 days, then injecting purifying strains into a floating filter material cabin and a sinking filter material cabin, and supplementing a microorganism biofilm culturing nutrient solution (5 ml of nutrient solution is added into 1L of water) to accelerate the formation of a microorganism carrier (filter material) biofilm; after the water is maintained for 1 month, the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentration in the water is detected to NH₄ ⁺N concentration < 1.0mg/L, NO₂ ^-N is less than 0.1mg/L, namely the water-nourishing stage is completed.

The purifying strain is a mixed strain of nitrobacillus and bacillus subtilis, one of which is mixed liquor with a specific ratio of 1:2,

furthermore, after the purification culture of the purifying strain, selecting a single colony to be inoculated into a liquid culture medium for amplification culture. The liquid culture medium is tryptone soy broth liquid culture medium, and the viable bacteria concentration is 10⁹Inoculating liquid above cfu/ml.

Wherein the liquid culture medium comprises 1L distilled water containing tryptone 15g, soybean peptone 5g, glucose 4g, sodium chloride 28g, and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 3g, and is sterilized at 121 deg.C under high pressure for 15 min.

The microorganism biofilm culturing nutrient solution is NH added with clay and zeolite powder₄ ⁺-a N solution;

the NH₄ ⁺The N solution is a 40mg/l ammonium chloride solution;

further, the clay is formed by the condensation of silt deposited at the river mouth, is dried by exposure to the sun, is crushed and is sieved by a 300-mesh sieve; zeolite powder was purchased from the market and also sieved through 300 mesh bolting cloth. Mixing the superfine clay and zeolite powder at a ratio of 2:1, adding 2g of the superfine mixture into 1L of 40mg/L ammonium chloride solution, and introducing strong gas in a container to obtain NH₄ ⁺Evenly suspending in the-N solution to prepare the nutrient solution,

further, the floating filter material bin and the sinking filter material bin are uniformly filled with purification strain inoculation liquid and microorganism biofilm culturing nutrient solution, and finally the concentration of the purification strains in the two filter material bins reaches 10³cfu/ml。

Furthermore, fresh disinfected seawater in the step can be directly taken for disinfection treatment, or can be prepared from commercially available seawater salt, and the prepared seawater can be purified water or disinfected tap water, and the prepared salinity is 28-32.

2. Algae cultivation: plant parents are obtained from wild harvest or market purchase and reach the parent standard after one week of temporary culture and domestication; cleaning and disinfecting the ceramic rings, and uniformly spreading the ceramic rings in the culture tank with the ring holes upward; selecting an alga body with many stolons, gently dividing the alga group wound into clusters into single plants, selecting an alga body with long new branches and fresh color, and carefully penetrating fibrous roots and the stolons through a ceramic ring by using tweezers; the ceramic rings to which the algae are attached are uniformly paved among the ceramic rings tiled in the culture tank, the uneven surfaces of the ceramic rings provide better conditions for the attachment of fibrous roots of the algae, the vertical stems are upward during fixation, the creeping stems transversely extend, and the false roots are below and are convenient to attach to the ceramic rings. New white rhizomes are grown after about 2 days from the plants attached to the ceramic rings, filamentous rhizomes can be attached to the ceramic rings, and then the length and number of stolons and upstanding stems are also increased. The new shoots appear white and then gradually turn green and slowly fill. Two weeks after the algae planting, the plants are completely adapted to the water environment, and the biomass is steadily increased.

Further, the density of the algae planted in the step is 25-35 g/m²The water quality index is as follows: the water temperature is 22-26 ℃, the salinity is 28-32, the pH value is 7.5-8.2, and the illumination intensity is 3000-4000 lx.

Further, the water level of the first-level algae tank is deep, and the feather algae and the codium Cunninghamiae are planted; the water level of the secondary algae tank is moderate, and grape algae are planted; the water level of the third-level algae tank is low, and red grape algae are planted.

3. And (3) fish throwing management: selecting commercially available wild or artificially cultured clown fish, selecting clown fish with the specification of female 6-10cm, male 4-5cm, normal body color, health and no damage, and abundant vigor as parent fish, performing quarantine before entering a jar, and temporarily culturing for three days to adapt to water quality environment. And (3) putting the male and female clown fishes into the culture tank, enabling the clown fishes to move freely, observing the behaviors of the clown fishes, and if the clown fishes fight for each other, indicating that the two clown fishes are female, replacing the small clown fishes in time until the two clown fishes are not rejected and are in close contact with each other, namely the pairing is successful. The clown fish in normal pairing takes the breeding tank as a nest, and two fishes closely move in the nest.

Furthermore, water needs to be changed when the clown fish enters the tank for the first time, the plastic bag containing the clown fish and the water with the fish are firstly put into the water body of the system to balance the water temperature for half an hour, then the water transported by the clown fish is poured into an empty water bucket, the water in the culture system is gradually dripped into the water bucket containing the clown fish by adopting a titration method, and the clown fish can be carefully fished into the culture tank of the system by using a dip net when the water dripped into the water bucket is 2 times of the original water quantity.

Controlling the water temperature to be 26-28 ℃, the salinity to be 28-32, the dissolved oxygen to be more than 5mg/l, the pH to be 7.5-8.2 and the illumination intensity to be 2000-3000lx during the clown fish culture period, automatically starting a light source at a fixed time, and setting the illumination time to be 7-17: 30 per day; (ii) a Regularly feeding at a ratio of 7:30, 12:30 and 17:00 every day, soaking the special artificial marine fish feed for the clown fish with the composite vitamins, the immune polysaccharide and the antibacterial peptide solution every week to prepare a medicinal bait, and feeding the clown fish once; feeding for twenty minutes every afternoon, sucking the bottom and changing water once; cleaning the protein separator regularly every day; cleaning the filter cotton periodically every week; the system changed water 10% in the whole system every week.

Further, the clown fish 7:30 is fed with self-made nutrition-enhancing bait; 12:30 feeding the special artificial marine fish feed for clown fish; feeding artemia nauplii at a ratio of 17: 00.

Furthermore, the main raw materials of the self-made nutrition-enhanced feed for the clown fish comprise 50% of shrimp meat, 25% of oyster meat, 10% of scallop meat, 10% of squid meat, 4% of spirulina powder and 1% of multi-vitamin, the raw materials are uniformly stirred by an automatic meat grinder, the mixture is frozen at low temperature after being subpackaged, and the feed is taken out of a refrigerator in advance when being fed and is fed again when the temperature is recovered to the room temperature. The self-made nutrition-enhancing feed for clown fish provided by the invention is prepared according to the demand of the clown fish, and is beneficial to maintaining the balance of nutrition and enhancing gonads.

The special artificial marine fish feed for clown fish can adopt a commercially available product.

4. Harvesting: harvesting the top layer algae of the breeding system once every 2 months; the clown fish eggs are collected according to the gonad development condition of clown fish. The gonads of wild clown fishes need to be cultured for more than half a year to develop and mature, the gonads of artificial clown fishes need to be developed for more than one year to develop and mature, nursing is carried out according to the actual development condition of the clown fishes, and when the clown fishes have a plate pecking phenomenon (cleaning a propagation tank), the clown fishes are about to propagate; when roe adhered to clown fish appears on the breeding tank, the clown fish can be nursed intensively and kept quiet. The clown fish parent fish can carefully nurse the fertilized eggs, and the fins are used for conveying oxygen to the fertilized eggs to peck the dead and whitish fish eggs. When eggs are laid for 7 days and the eye points of the clown fish eggs are protruded to be about to take off, the breeding tank can be collected into a separate hatching tank for hatching.

Furthermore, when the algae jar is harvested, harvesting can be carried out according to different algae growth conditions, and partial harvesting is carried out to reduce the culture density; the algae are harvested according to the growth degree, the harvesting of the upright stems is mainly carried out, and part of algae seeds are reserved for the cultivation in the next period.

Furthermore, after the clown fish reaches the initial maturity and is bred for one time, the clown fish can be subjected to nutrition enrichment, the breeding period of the clown fish is about 2 weeks, after 2 weeks, the clown fish can lay eggs again, and the clown fish can be harvested again according to the embryonic development condition of the clown fish.

According to the method, a clown fish and vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding system with the specification of 1.5 meters long, 0.6 meters wide and 2.3 meters high is constructed by the university of Qingdao agriculture and university oceanic science and engineering college, and clown fish-male clown, red-permeable clown, golden-permeable red clown, black male clown and black vest clown are selected, and algae-botryococcus, feather alga, codium fir and red botryococcus are selected. And carrying out ecological mixed breeding. Clown fish is swimming live fish, and has strong field behaviors, and people like male and female pairing in life, if two female fish are together, the two fish fight against each other until one side dies, so that when the fish is placed, the male fish and the female fish are firstly distinguished according to the size specification, generally, the female fish is more than 5cm and the male fish is about 4cm, a pair of fish is respectively placed in each breeding grid, careful observation is carried out, if fighting phenomenon occurs, the fish is separated in time, and if the male fish and the female fish are in mutual nick, the pairing is successful; grape algae, feather algae, Pteridium Giganteum, and red grape algae are attached to the ceramic ring via fibrous root and stolon, and the upright stem grows vertically; the bottom filter of the water circulation system is provided with a precipitation bin, an egg bin, a filter material bin and a pump bin, a hollow plastic basket is erected on the precipitation bin, and a plurality of layers of filter cotton are laid in the basket; the water quality of the water circulation system is ensured through links such as filtering by filter cotton, precipitating and filtering, filtering by a protein separator, filtering by a nitration system (a filter bin) and the like; the good water quality ensures the water quality condition of the clown fish in the breeding grid, the residual bait and the excrement of the clown fish provide nutrition for the growth of ornamental algae in the algae tank, and play an important role in purifying the water quality.

And (3) polyculture specification: grape algae, feather algae, codium Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae and red grape algae plant parents are purchased to an aquarium market and temporarily cultured and domesticated for one week to reach the parent standard; selecting light green algae with abundant stolons (red grape algae is selected to be granulated and ruddy and have abundant stolons); the algae mass which is wound into the mass is divided into individual plants gently, and the algae body with longer new branches and fresh and tender color is selected. The clown fishes are purchased from market wild catches, 5-6 cm male and female, 4cm male wild clown fishes with good health activity are selected as parents, temporarily cultured in an indoor seawater circulating water culture system of institute of oceanographic sciences and engineering, Qingdao agriculture university, Shandong province, and temporarily cultured for three days to adapt to water quality environment. The method comprises the steps of firstly putting plastic bags containing clown fishes and water with the clown fishes into a system water body to balance water temperature for half an hour, then pouring the water transported by the clown fishes into an empty water bucket, gradually dripping the water in a culture system into the water bucket containing the clown fishes by adopting a titration method, and carefully fishing the clown fishes into a temporary culture tank of the system by using a dip net, wherein the water dripped into the water bucket is 2 times of the original water quantity.

The mixed culture sequence is as follows: the clown fish and vegetable symbiotic circulating water breeding system is circularly operated for 4 weeks to culture nitrifying bacteria groups, and prepared grape algae, feather algae, codium vernalis and red grape algae are uniformly fixed on a ceramic ring at the bottom layer of a culture tank, when the grape algae, feather algae, fir leaf fern algae and red grape algae are fixed, the vertical stems are upward, the creeping stems transversely extend, and the false roots are below and are conveniently attached to the ceramic ring. The first-level algae tank is deep in water level and is used for planting the feather algae and the codium Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae; the water level of the secondary algae tank is moderate, and grape algae are planted; the water level of the third-level algae tank is low, and red grape algae are planted. White rhizomes grow after about 2 days from the plants attached to the ceramic rings, filamentous rhizomes can be attached to the ceramic rings, and then the length and number of stolons and upstanding stems also grow. The new shoots appear white and then gradually turn green (red botryococcus red), slowly filling. After 1 week, temporarily-cultured clown fishes are placed into a breeding grid of a breeding tank, the clown fishes can move freely, the behaviors are observed, if the clown fishes fight against each other, the clown fishes are female, the small clown fishes need to be replaced in time until the two clown fishes are not rejected and are in close contact, and the pairing is successful. After mixed culture for 1 day, the clown fish can be fed normally.

Cultivation management: controlling the water temperature to be 26-28 ℃, the salinity to be 28-30, the dissolved oxygen content to be more than 5mg/l, the pH to be 7.5-8.2, the illumination intensity to be 2000-3000lx, automatically starting the light source at regular time, and setting the illumination time to be 7-17: 30 per day; feeding at regular time of 7:30, 12:30 and 17:00 every day, and feeding 7:30 clown fish with self-made nutrition-enhancing bait; 12:30 feeding the special artificial marine fish feed for clown fish; feeding artemia nauplii at a ratio of 17: 00. Sucking the bottom and changing water once after feeding for twenty minutes in the afternoon; cleaning the protein separator regularly every day; cleaning the filter cotton periodically every week; the system changed water 10% in the whole system every week.

The breeding and breeding period is from 6 and 8 days in 2020 to 12 and 7 days in 2020 for 180 days in total.

Mixed culture effect: after culturing for 180 days, 10 pairs of clown fish parent fishes which are successfully paired are obtained, wherein 2 pairs of male clown fishes, 2 pairs of red-permeable clown fishes, 1 pair of golden transparent red clown fishes, 1 pair of black male clown fishes, 1 pair of black vest clown fishes, and black vest clown fishes are female and black male clown fishes by 1 pair. Wherein, the clown fish 1 pair and the red clown fish 1 pair which can be propagated and produced have a plate pecking phenomenon, and the first propagation is about to be carried out; the Botryococcus, the Fucus, the Pteridium Giganteum and the red Botryococcus have been harvested for 3 times, and the growth rate is as follows: feather alga > grape alga > pteridium cuneatum > red grape alga; the total weight of the algae grows from 250 g to 2538 g, the weight gain rate is 1015.2 percent, and the survival rate is 100 percent.

Fibrous roots and stolons of the marine ornamental algae are attached to the ceramic ring at the bottom layer of the algae vat, and the upright stems grow straightly and absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in water. The method of the invention fully utilizes the ecological characteristics of clown fish and marine ornamental algae, effectively realizes three-dimensional mixed breeding and cultivation, and increases the economic benefits of breeding and cultivation; meanwhile, the residual bait and excrement of the clown fish are effectively absorbed by the algae as nutrition, so that the water quality is purified, and the substances and energy of the culture water body are in a dynamic balance state.

In order to improve the immunity of the clown fish, the amino acid sequence is used

LISDLLIGETESHPQTRYEDQLVW CLGTLTGYPTKPDNP (SEQ ID NO:1) has significant bacteriostatic ability against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda (Table 1).

Table 1: minimum inhibitory concentration of antibacterial peptide (SEQ ID NO:1) on various aquatic pathogenic bacteria

The clown fish has the advantages of lively characters, poor appetite, meat eating habits and short intestinal tract, and is easily attacked by intestinal bacterial diseases. The antibacterial peptide used in the invention has good antibacterial effect on main intestinal pathogenic bacteria of clown fish, namely vibrio parahaemolyticus and aeromonas hydrophila, and is beneficial to the healthy culture of the intestinal tract of clown fish. In addition, the administration route of the antibacterial peptide solution adopted by the invention for soaking the granular feed into the medicinal bait does not cause the clown fish to generate stress reaction.

Claims

1. a clown fish aquaponics circulating water breeding method, is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:

(1) Raising water: inject freshly disinfected seawater with a salinity of 28-32 into the symbiotic circulation system, turn on the water pump and protein separator, turn on the ultraviolet germicidal lamp, control the water temperature at 22-26 °C, and control the salinity at 28-32. After intermittent circulation, inoculate purified strains and nutrient solution into the filter material silo to cultivate biofilm, until the concentration of NH4+-N in the water body is less than 1.0mg/L, and NO2--N<0.1mg/L to complete the water-cultivation stage;

(2) Planting algae: clean and disinfect the ceramic ring, and evenly spread the ring hole upward in the algae tank; take another ceramic ring, pass the fibrous roots or stolons of the algae through the ceramic ring; evenly lay the ceramic ring attached to the algae body Algae cultivation is carried out between the ceramic rings laid flat in the aquaculture tank;

(3) Breeding clownfish: 6-10cm for females and 4-5cm for males, with normal body color, healthy and no damage, and vigorous clownfish as broodstock, put into aquaculture tanks, and the clownfish broodstock are raised in pairs, and the water temperature during the breeding period is 26 ～28℃, salinity 28～32, dissolved oxygen above 5mg/l, pH 7.5～8.2, light intensity 2000～3000lx, daily light time 8～10hs;

During the breeding period, feeding clownfish nutrition-enhancing bait, artificial seawater fish feed for clownfish and Artemia nauplii, and feeding clownfish artificial seawater fish feed soaked in antimicrobial peptide solution once or several times a week;

The algae planting density is 25-35g/m ² ; the water quality indicators are: water temperature 22-26°C, salinity 28-32, pH 7.5-8.2, and light intensity 3000-4000lx;

The algae are Botrytis algae, Firthleaf algae, Feather algae, Staghorn algae, Red Botrytis algae, Melaleuca chinensis or Fire algae.

2. clownfish aquaponics circulating water breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described purifying bacterial strain is the mixed strain of Nitrobacter and Bacillus subtilis, the quantity of described Nitrobacter and Bacillus subtilis The ratio is 1:2.

3. clownfish aquaponics circulating water breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described nutrient solution is the NH ₄ ⁺ -N solution that has added clay and zeolite powder; Described NH ₄ ⁺ - The N solution is a 40 mg/l ammonium chloride solution.

4. The method for breeding clownfish aquaponics in circulating water according to claim 1, wherein the artificial seawater fish feed for clownfish contains the following components: crude protein≥51%, crude fat≥10 %, crude fiber≤3%, crude ash content≤16%; particle size 1.2mm; the antimicrobial peptide is the antimicrobial peptide whose amino acid sequence is SEQ ID NO: 1.

5. The clownfish aquaponics symbiotic circulating water breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the clownfish nutrition-enhancing bait comprises the following components: 50% shrimp meat, 25% oyster meat, scallop meat 10%, squid meat 10%, spirulina powder 4%, multi-dimensional 1%.

6. The circulating water breeding system used by the clownfish aquaponics circulating water breeding method according to claim 1-5, wherein the circulating water system comprises a system rack (1), a bottom filter tank (3 ), breeding tank (2) and algae tank (4);

The system rack (1) plays a fixed supporting role for the system, the algae tank (4) is arranged on the uppermost layer of the system rack (1), and the breeding tank (2) is in the middle of the system rack (1). layer, the bottom filter cylinder (3) is arranged on the bottom layer of the system rack (1);

The breeding tank (2) is provided with an acrylic grille at the back side of the tank wall, and the front side area of the grille (2.1) uses a partition spacer area as the breeding grid (2.2), and the bottom of the tank is drilled at the back side of the grille. A drain pipe (7) is provided, and the drain pipe (7) is connected to the bottom filter cylinder (3);

A lower water silo (4.2) is arranged at one side of the algae tank (4), a drain pipe (7) is drilled at the center of the bottom of the silo, and the remaining space of the algae tank (4) is an algae cultivation warehouse (4.3); The drain pipe (7) is connected to the breeding grid (2.2);

The bottom filter tank (3) is provided with a water purification system and a circulating water pump, and the drain pipe (7) of the breeding tank (2) flows into the water purification system, and the purified water is pumped into the algae tank cultivation warehouse by the water pump through the upper water pipe (5). (4.3) and the breeding grid (2.2) of the breeding tank (2) to form a water supply pipeline;

Said upper water pipe (5) is connected to the breeding grid (2.2) and the algae cylinder (4), and each breeding grid (2.2) of the breeding cylinder (2) is provided with a valve (8) to adjust the water flow and water pressure, and each A main valve is set on the layer to adjust the water flow and water pressure, the upper water pipe (5) is connected to the first-level algae tank (4) on the right side, and a valve (8) is set at the outlet to adjust the water flow, and the algae tank (4) A rain shower pipe (5.1) is installed at the water inlet;

The central part of the bottom of the breeding grid (2.2) is drilled with a strong row (6), and the strong row (6) of all the breeding cylinders (2) is connected together by a PVC pipe and directly connected to the sewage pipe (9), forming a strong row. drain line;

The drainage pipes (7) of the breeding tank (2) are connected together and connected to the sedimentation chamber (3.1) on the left side of the bottom filter tank (3) to form a return water pipeline.

7. The clownfish aquaponics symbiotic circulating water breeding system according to claim 6, characterized in that, an intubation tube (4.1) is installed in the drainage hole of the lower sump (4.2) of the algae tank (4) as required (4.1) height to control the water level of the lower sump (4.2);

The algae tank (4) is arranged on the top layer of the system, a water silo (4.2) is set on the left side of the algae tank (4) by using a partition plate (10), and a drainage hole is drilled in the center of the bottom of the silo, and the remaining space is evenly divided. There are three grids, from right to left are the first-level algae tank, the second-level algae tank and the third-level algae tank.

8. The clownfish aquaponics symbiotic circulating water breeding system according to claim 6, wherein the system frame (1) is a cylinder support made of profiles, stainless steel materials or wood materials, and the four corners of the support bottom are configured Universal wheels or adjustable feet.

9. The clownfish aquaponics symbiotic circulating water breeding system according to claim 6, wherein the bottom filter tank (3) is provided with a water purification system and a circulating water pump, and the bottom filter tank is separated by a partition plate (10). (3) It is evenly divided into 4 compartments, namely sedimentation chamber (3.1), egg separation chamber (3.2), filter material chamber (3.3) and pump chamber (3.4).

10. The clownfish aquaponics symbiotic circulating water breeding system according to claim 9, characterized in that, when the bottom filter tank (3) is divided into compartments, the height is adjusted with a clapboard (10), so that the water level is high in the sedimentation chamber (10). 3.1) > Egg Separation Silo (3.2) > Filter Material Silo (3.3) > Pump Silo (3.4); Adjust the height of the partition (10) when the algae tank (4) is divided so that the water level is the first-class algae tank (4) >Second-level algae tank (4)>Third-level algae tank (4)>Lower water tank (4.2);

The baffles (10) of the bottom filter cylinder (3) and the algae cylinder (4) are double-layer dislocation glass;

A hollow plastic basket is set up on the left sedimentation bin (3.1) of the bottom filter cylinder (3), and a multi-layer filter cotton is laid in the frame for primary filtration. A protein separator is set in the egg separation bin (3.2) for secondary filtration. A ceramic ring is placed in the filter material bin (3.3) to cultivate nitrifying bacteria for tertiary filtration, and a water pump is set in the pump bin (3.4).