Background
With the rapid development of economy and the progress of society, the problems of water resource shortage, water environment pollution, rainwater waterlogging and the like are obvious, and rainwater is the most economic water resource and plays an important role in supplementing underground water and improving and protecting water ecological environment. Therefore, the rainwater recovery is an important way for sustainable utilization of water resources.
Regarding rain flood resource management, 2014, the Ministry of urban and rural construction of housing "technical guideline for sponge city construction-low impact development of rainwater system construction (trial implementation)". By now, the country has started two 30 sponge pilot cities and achieved certain achievements. Experts and scholars at home and abroad have already carried out a great deal of analysis and research on the construction of sponge cities, but at present, the research on the aspect of rainwater utilization of courtyard-type residences such as urban and rural scattered houses, villas and the like is less, and the construction of sponge-type villages is not promoted well all the time.
At present, most of courtyard-type residences in China are flat-roof single-storey residences, slope-roof single-storey residences, compound common residences, villas and the like, and the coefficient of roof runoff is large, so that rainwater collection is facilitated. Roof rainwater pollutes less than ground rainwater, and water quality has the advantage. In the aspect of the demand of rainwater resources, arid areas with little rain and semiarid areas are more urgent. At present, most of rainwater in the courtyard is collected in a conditioned area by using the rainwater on the roof and the ground of the original pool, but the pool is generally far away from the courtyard, so that the rainwater is taken and used with time and labor, and the pool is rare in an arid and rainless area; for the existing equipment rainwater collection and utilization system, the device is complex and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a courtyard type roof rainwater collecting and utilizing device, which can collect rainwater on the catchment surface of a courtyard type roof directly on a water storage device at the corner of a courtyard through collection and transportation; the device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, flexible and various device forms, convenient utilization of rainwater and capability of providing a standby water source for yard greening or crop irrigation.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a courtyard type roof rainwater collecting and utilizing device mainly comprises a water collecting unit, a water conveying unit and a water storage unit. The water collecting unit is used for collecting roof rainwater and mainly comprises a water collecting tank and a screen, wherein the water collecting tank is a U-shaped or trapezoidal groove, two ends of the water collecting tank are closed, and a hole is reserved at a certain position of the bottom of the water collecting tank and is connected with the water conveying unit; one side of the water collecting tank is fixed on the eave, and the upper edge of the water collecting tank is slightly lower than the eave, so that the gravity convergence of rainwater is not blocked; the water collecting tank is provided with a screen with the same size and is used for intercepting large dry branches, fallen leaves and other impurities.
The water delivery unit mainly comprises a main water delivery pipe and a branch water delivery pipe; the main water pipe is vertical to the ground, the upper end of the main water pipe is connected with a hole at the bottom of the water collecting tank, the lower end of the main water pipe is provided with a detachable sealing cover, small holes are uniformly punched at the bottom of the cover, the length of the main water pipe extends to a short distance away from the ground, and the distance can ensure that the sealing cover can be freely detached; a branch water pipe is arranged at a certain distance from the main water pipe to the eave, one end of the branch water pipe is connected with the main water pipe, and the other end of the branch water pipe is connected with a water storage unit. When rainwater is collected, the joint of the main water delivery pipe and the branch water delivery pipe to the bottom end of the main water delivery pipe can temporarily store and discard initial rainwater, the rainwater can flow dry through the small hole of the sealing cover after the rain stops, and the rainwater is reserved when the rainwater falls again; if the rainwater can not flow out, the sealing cover needs to be manually opened to clean the internal impurities.
The water storage unit consists of a plurality of water storage barrels, the water storage barrels are connected in series, a water inlet of each water storage barrel is connected with a branch water pipe, a water outlet is arranged on one side opposite to the water inlet, and the water outlet is connected with a water inlet of the other water storage barrel; the bottom of the water storage barrel is provided with an emptying valve for emptying rainwater and sediments in the barrel; a water taking valve is arranged on the barrel wall which is at a certain distance from the barrel bottom; the water storage barrel is arranged on a base on the ground, and the base is built by bricks or stones or is composed of a metal frame. When the collected rainwater amount is larger than the volume of the water storage barrel, the rainwater can flow out from the water outlet of the tail end water storage barrel. When the rainwater is used, the valve of the water intake can be opened to take water, and the rainwater flows out by gravity for users to use.
The device can be processed by wood, metal materials or Polyethylene (PE)/polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) according to the building style and the material taking conditions.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the whole device purifies rainwater through links such as discarding of initial rainwater of the screen and the main water delivery pipe, emptying of sediment at the bottom of the water storage barrel and the like, so that the quality of the collected rainwater can be guaranteed, and the rainwater can be used for greening courtyards or irrigating crops;
2. the device integrates collection, purification and utilization, and has the advantages of simple and practical structure, convenient maintenance, operation and management and low cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, the garden type roof rainwater collecting and utilizing device mainly comprises a water collecting unit, a water conveying unit and a water storage unit. The water collecting unit collects rainwater on the roof 1 and mainly comprises a water collecting tank 4 and a screen 3, wherein the water collecting tank 4 is a trapezoidal groove (the length is 8m, the upper bottom, the lower bottom and the height are respectively 12cm, 8cm and 9cm, the material is a thin aluminum plate), two ends of the water collecting tank are sealed, a hole (the length is multiplied by the width is 10cm multiplied by 5cm, four corners are fillets) is reserved at the central point of the bottom of the tank, and the water collecting tank is connected with the water conveying unit; one side of the water collecting tank 4 (the side perpendicular to the upper bottom and the lower bottom in the trapezoid) is fixed on the eave through a rivet, the upper edge is slightly lower than the eave 2, and the gravity confluence of rainwater is not blocked. A screen 3 (formed by weaving an aluminum frame and aluminum wires) with the same size is arranged on the water collecting tank 4 and is used for intercepting large dry branches and fallen leaves and other impurities.
The water delivery unit mainly comprises a main water delivery pipe 5 and a branch water delivery pipe 6; the main water delivery pipe 5 is vertical to the ground 9 (the vertical distance between the ground 9 and the eave 2 is 250 cm), the upper end of the main water delivery pipe is connected with a hole at the bottom of the water collecting tank 4, the lower end of the main water delivery pipe is provided with a detachable sealing cover 8, holes (the hole diameter is 1 mm) are uniformly punched at the bottom of the sealing cover 8, the distance from the bottom of the sealing cover 8 to the ground 9 is 10cm, and the distance can ensure that the sealing cover; a branch water pipe 6 is arranged at the position of the main water pipe 5, which is 100cm away from the eave, one end of the branch water pipe 6 is connected with the main water pipe 5, and the other end is connected with a water storage unit. The main water delivery pipe 5, the branch water delivery pipes 6 and the sealing cover 8 are made of thin aluminum plates. When rainwater is collected, the joint of the main water delivery pipe 5 and the branch water delivery pipe 6 to the bottom end of the main water delivery pipe 5 can temporarily store and discard initial rainwater, the rainwater can flow dry through the holes of the sealing cover 8 after the rain stops, and the rainwater is reserved when the rainwater falls again; if the rainwater can not flow out, the sealing cover 8 needs to be opened manually to clean the internal impurities.
The water storage unit consists of three cylindrical water storage barrels 10 (the diameter is 50cm, the height is 120cm, and the material is PVC), and the barrels are connected in series; a water inlet 11 of the water storage barrel 10 is connected with the branch water pipe 6, a water outlet 12 is arranged on one side opposite to the water inlet 11, the water outlet 12 is connected with the water inlet of the other water storage barrel, and the positions of the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 are 10cm away from the upper edge of the water storage barrel 10; an emptying valve 13 (DN 250) is arranged at the bottom of the water storage barrel 10 and is used for emptying rainwater and sediments in the barrel; a water intake valve 14 (DN 250) is arranged on the barrel wall 5cm away from the barrel bottom; the water storage barrel 10 is arranged on a base 15 on the ground 9, and the base 15 is formed by welding a stainless steel frame. When the collected rainwater amount is larger than the volume of the water storage barrel, the rainwater can flow out from the water outlet of the tail end water storage barrel. When the rainwater is used, the valve of the water intake can be opened to take water, and the rainwater flows out by gravity for users to use.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, the garden type roof rainwater collecting and utilizing device mainly comprises a water collecting unit, a water conveying unit and a water storage unit. The water collecting unit collects rainwater on the roof 1 and mainly comprises a water collecting tank 4 and a screen 3, wherein the water collecting tank 4 is a U-shaped groove (6 m long, 10cm in diameter and made of a bamboo tube), two ends of the water collecting tank are closed, and a hole (8 cm in diameter) is reserved at the position 2m away from one end of the tank bottom and is connected with the water conveying unit; one side of the water collecting tank 4 is fixed on the eave through screws, the upper edge is slightly lower than the eave 2, and the rainwater gravity confluence is not blocked. A screen 3 with the same size is arranged on the water collecting tank 4, and the screen 3 is made by uniformly punching bamboo boards with the thickness of 5mm (the aperture is 2mm, and the hole distance is 1 cm) and is used for intercepting large dry branches and fallen leaves and other impurities.
The water delivery unit mainly comprises a main water delivery pipe 5 and a branch water delivery pipe 6; the main water delivery pipe 5 is vertical to the ground 9 (the vertical distance between the ground 9 and the eave 2 is 300 cm), the upper end of the main water delivery pipe is connected with a hole at the bottom of the water collecting tank 4, the lower end of the main water delivery pipe is provided with a detachable sealing cover 8, holes (the hole diameter is 2 mm) are uniformly punched at the bottom of the sealing cover 8, the distance from the bottom of the sealing cover 8 to the ground 9 is 20cm, and the distance can ensure that the sealing cover; a branch water pipe 6 is arranged at the position of the main water pipe 5, 50cm away from the eave, one end of the branch water pipe 6 is connected with the main water pipe 5, and the other end of the branch water pipe is connected with a water storage unit. The main water delivery pipe 5 and the branch water delivery pipes 6 are made of bamboo pipes, and the sealing cover 8 is made of bamboo plates. When rainwater is collected, the joint of the main water delivery pipe 5 and the branch water delivery pipe 6 to the bottom end of the main water delivery pipe 5 can temporarily store and discard initial rainwater, the rainwater can flow dry through the holes of the sealing cover 8 after the rain stops, and the rainwater is reserved when the rainwater falls again; if the rainwater can not flow out, the sealing cover 8 needs to be opened manually to clean the internal impurities.
The water storage unit consists of two cylindrical water storage barrels 10 (the diameter is 40cm, the height is 150cm, and the materials are bamboo), and the barrels are connected in series; a water inlet 11 of the water storage barrel 10 is connected with the branch water pipe 6, a water outlet 12 is arranged on one side opposite to the water inlet 11, the water outlet 12 is connected with the water inlet of the other water storage barrel, and the positions of the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 are both 15cm away from the upper edge of the water storage barrel 10; an emptying valve 13 (DN 300) is arranged at the bottom of the water storage barrel 10 and is used for emptying rainwater and sediments in the barrel; a water intake valve 14 (DN 300) is arranged on the barrel wall which is 10cm away from the barrel bottom; the water storage barrel 10 is arranged on a base 15 on the ground 9, and the base 15 is built by stones. When the collected rainwater is larger than the volume of the water storage barrel, the rainwater can flow out from the water outlet of the tail end water storage barrel. When the rainwater is used, the valve of the water intake can be opened to take water, and the rainwater flows out by gravity for users to use.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, the garden type roof rainwater collecting and utilizing device mainly comprises a water collecting unit, a water conveying unit and a water storage unit. The water collecting unit collects rainwater on the roof 1 and mainly comprises a water collecting tank 4 and a screen 3, wherein the water collecting tank 4 is a U-shaped groove (5 m in length, 10cm in diameter and made of UPVC), two ends of the U-shaped groove are closed, and a hole (8 cm in diameter) is reserved at the position 3m away from one end of the tank bottom and is connected with the water conveying unit; one side of the water collecting tank 4 is fixed on the eave through screws, the upper edge is slightly lower than the eave 2, and the rainwater gravity confluence is not blocked. A screen 3 (UPVC plate frame, the middle is woven by fine aluminum wires, the diameter of the aluminum wires is 0.5mm, and the distance between the aluminum wires is 1 mm) with the same size is arranged on the water collecting tank 4 and is used for intercepting large dry branches, fallen leaves and other impurities.
The water delivery unit mainly comprises a main water delivery pipe 5 and a branch water delivery pipe 6; the main water delivery pipe 5 is perpendicular to the ground 9 (the vertical distance between the ground 9 and the eave 2 is 220 cm), the upper end of the main water delivery pipe is connected with a hole at the bottom of the water collecting tank 4, the lower end of the main water delivery pipe is provided with a detachable sealing cover 8, holes (the hole diameter is 2 mm) are uniformly punched at the bottom of the sealing cover 8, the distance from the ground 9 is 15cm, and the distance can ensure that the sealing cover 8 can be freely detached; a branch water pipe 6 is arranged at the position of the main water pipe 5, which is 70cm away from the eave, one end of the branch water pipe 6 is connected with the main water pipe 5, and the other end is connected with a water storage unit. The main water delivery pipe 5 and the branch water delivery pipes 6 are made of UPVC pipes, and the sealing cover 8 is made of bamboo plates. When rainwater is collected, the joint of the main water delivery pipe 5 and the branch water delivery pipe 6 to the bottom end of the main water delivery pipe 5 can temporarily store and discard initial rainwater, the rainwater can flow dry through the holes of the sealing cover 8 after the rain stops, and the rainwater is reserved when the rainwater falls again; if the rainwater can not flow out, the sealing cover 8 needs to be opened manually to clean the internal impurities.
The water storage unit consists of two cubic water storage barrels 10 (the length is multiplied by the width is multiplied by 60cm by 40cm by 150cm, and the material is UPVC), and the barrels are connected in series; a water inlet 11 of the water storage barrel 10 is connected with the branch water pipe 6, a water outlet 12 is arranged on one side opposite to the water inlet 11, the water outlet 12 is connected with the water inlet of the other water storage barrel, and the positions of the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 are both 15cm away from the upper edge of the water storage barrel 10; an emptying valve 13 (DN 250) is arranged at the bottom of the water storage barrel 10 and is used for emptying rainwater and sediments in the barrel; a water intake valve 14 (DN 250) is arranged on the barrel wall 15cm away from the barrel bottom; the water storage barrel 10 is arranged on a base 15 on the ground 9, and the base 15 is built by bricks. When the collected rainwater is larger than the volume of the water storage barrel, the rainwater can flow out from the water outlet of the tail end water storage barrel. When the rainwater is used, the valve of the water intake can be opened to take water, and the rainwater flows out by gravity for users to use.