CN112959655A - 3D printing method and device for polymer under normal temperature condition - Google Patents
3D printing method and device for polymer under normal temperature condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN112959655A CN112959655A CN202110142323.4A CN202110142323A CN112959655A CN 112959655 A CN112959655 A CN 112959655A CN 202110142323 A CN202110142323 A CN 202110142323A CN 112959655 A CN112959655 A CN 112959655A
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 vapor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 17
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/112—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/364—Conditioning of environment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2079/00—Use of polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, not provided for in groups B29K2061/00 - B29K2077/00, as moulding material
- B29K2079/08—PI, i.e. polyimides or derivatives thereof
- B29K2079/085—Thermoplastic polyimides, e.g. polyesterimides, PEI, i.e. polyetherimides, or polyamideimides; Derivatives thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a 3D printing method and a device for a polymer under a normal temperature condition, wherein the printing method comprises five steps: establishing a three-dimensional model; preparing printing slurry; the printing device adopts an air-assisted driving extrusion mode, a material cylinder is extruded out by a printing spray head through a material conveying pipe, the printing spray head is fixed on a two-dimensional module capable of realizing X, Z-axis movement, and a printing platform moves along the Y-axis direction; regulating and controlling the relative humidity of the environment; and 3D printing and forming. The humidity control system in the device consists of a humidifying component, a humidity controller, a humidity sensor and an exhaust fan which are arranged on a printing platform, wherein the humidifying component consists of a micropore atomizing spray head and a water tank filled with distilled water, and the humidity controller determines the relative humidity in the environment by controlling the fog amount and the exhaust amount. The invention can be formed by only controlling the relative humidity of the environment without heating and melting the material. The composite material is suitable for various materials, can provide better molding quality, is tightly combined layer by layer, has better mechanical property, and can widen the selection range of printing materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printing method of a polymer under a normal temperature condition.
Background
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a rapid prototyping technique that utilizes bondable materials such as metal powder or polymers to continuously superimpose and build up layers of material to form a three-dimensional solid structure based on a three-dimensional model. Wherein the 3D printing of the polymer is mainly to heat and melt the material, and the common method is selective laser sintering molding and fuse deposition molding. However, both processing methods have certain disadvantages, and firstly, when the high-temperature-resistant polymer is printed in 3D, the printing nozzle, the forming platform and other printing parts all need to bear higher temperature, so that the equipment is expensive in manufacturing cost. Secondly, the printing material is limited in types, such as materials which can not be molded into thermosetting materials and materials with melting temperature higher than decomposition temperature. Furthermore, the morphology of the printing material is limited, such as selective laser sintering molding is only suitable for polymer powder, and fuse deposition molding is only suitable for printing wires.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a 3D printing method of a polymer under a normal temperature condition, which comprises the steps of extruding printing slurry dissolved with a polymer material on a printing platform along a set route, realizing slurry curing molding in the printing process by controlling the relative humidity of the environment in the air, and arranging and stacking layer by layer to form a three-dimensional structure according to requirements. The forming principle of the process is as follows: the printing paste is extruded from the spray head and meets with water vapor in the air, the surface of the printing paste is solidified due to phase separation, the surface layer solvent is separated out, and the rest solute, namely the polymer can be accumulated on a designated position.
The invention discloses a 3D printing method of a polymer under normal temperature, which takes high-temperature resistant special engineering plastic Polyetherimide (PEI) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as an organic solvent as an example, and comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and establishing a three-dimensional model, layering the three-dimensional model slices to obtain a corresponding printing path, and selecting the printing speed of 10mm/s and the printing layer height of 0.48 mm.
Step two: preparing 40 wt% PEI/NMP printing slurry, weighing PEI powder and an organic solvent NMP capable of dissolving the polymer according to the proportion, mixing the weighed PEI powder with the organic solvent NMP, and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the printing slurry with uniform dispersion. Wherein the PEI material is insoluble in water and the organic solvent for PEI is readily soluble in water, NMP.
Step three: and the printing paste extrusion part adopts an air-assisted driving extrusion mode, takes the dried compressed air as the driving force of the printing paste, and the printing paste is driven by the dried compressed air and is extruded out by the printing spray head through the feed cylinder and the feed delivery pipe. The printing nozzle is fixed on a two-dimensional module capable of realizing X, Z-axis movement, and the printing platform moves along the Y-axis direction. The pressure of the compressed air is selected to be 0.4Mpa, and the diameter of the printing nozzle is 0.6 mm.
Step four: and (3) regulating and controlling the relative humidity of the environment, wherein the humidity controller controls the relative humidity of the environment to the micropore atomizer and the exhaust fan through the humidity sensor, and when the humidity sensor senses that the environmental humidity reaches 70-75% RH (relative humidity) of a preset value, the printing work is started.
Step five: 3D printing and forming, wherein the printing nozzle and the printing platform jointly complete movement in the three-dimensional direction, printing slurry is extruded out as required by matching the pressure control system with the three-dimensional movement, the printing nozzle lays the printing slurry on the printing platform according to a set printing path within the range of 70-75% RH of the environmental relative humidity, an organic solvent NMP on the surface layer of the printing slurry is separated out, a polymer material PEI is solidified and formed, and the polymer material is stacked layer by layer according to a certain printing path to obtain a printing blank.
The printing slurry of the 3D printing method of the polymer under the normal temperature condition is uniform slurry obtained by dissolving a high-performance polymer in an organic solvent according to a certain proportion and stirring for a certain time at a corresponding temperature. The organic solvent can dissolve the polymer and can also dissolve in water, the polymer can be dissolved in the organic solvent but not dissolved in water, and the viscosity of the printing paste meets the requirements of stable extrusion and certain shape maintenance. For example, Polyetherimide (PEI), 40 wt% PEI/NMP may be selected for the print paste.
The invention relates to a 3D printing device for polymers at normal temperature.A humidity control system of the 3D printing device for polymers at normal temperature is composed of a humidifying component, a humidity controller, a humidity sensor and an exhaust fan on a printing platform. The humidifying component consists of a micropore atomizing spray head and a water tank filled with distilled water, and the humidity controller determines the relative humidity in the environment by controlling the fog amount and the exhaust amount.
The environment relative humidity of the 3D printing method of the polymer under the normal temperature condition needs to meet the requirements that the printing slurry is extruded and then is cured in time and layers are tightly combined. Tests preliminarily verify that when the printing speed is 10mm/s, the surface layer of the silk material can be cured and molded in time when the 40% PEI/NMP printing slurry is at the relative humidity of the environment of more than 65% RH, and when the relative humidity of the environment is higher than 75% RH, the requirement of tight combination cannot be met between layers, so the selection range of the relative humidity of the environment is 70-75% RH.
The slurry extrusion part of the 3D printing method of the polymer at normal temperature adopts gas-assisted driving extrusion, and the gas-assisted driving part consists of a pressure controller, an air compressor and a compressed air precision filter. The air is compressed by an air compressor, harmful substances such as water, vapor and oil mist in the compressed air are removed by a compressed air precision filter, and the extrusion flow of the slurry is controlled by adjusting the air pressure by a pressure controller. The extrusion part consists of a printing nozzle, a charging barrel and a conveying pipeline, and the nozzle is fixed on the two-dimensional movement module and can realize the movement of X, Z along two axes.
The invention relates to a 3D printing method of a polymer under the condition of normal temperature, which is characterized in that: the 3D printing forming of the polymer is realized under the normal temperature condition, and the timely conversion of the printing slurry from a liquid state to a solid state is realized by controlling the relative humidity of the environment. Because the polymer material in the printing paste is soluble in the organic solvent but insoluble in water, and the organic solvent is soluble in water, the printing paste is extruded from the spray head and meets water vapor in the environment in the printing process, and the organic solvent in the printing paste is combined with the water vapor in the environment to cause the polymer material in the printing paste to be separated out, so that the conversion of the printing paste from a liquid state to a solid state is realized.
The invention provides a 3D printing device for polymers at normal temperature, which mainly comprises an air compressor, a compressed air precision filter, a pressure controller, a conveying pipe, printing slurry, a charging barrel, a printing platform, a vertical movement module, a printing spray head, a humidity sensor, a printing blank body, an exhaust fan, an atomizing spray head, a humidity controller, a horizontal movement module, a micropore atomizer and a water tank. The air is compressed by an air compressor, harmful substances such as water, vapor and oil mist in the compressed air are removed by a compressed air precision filter, and the extrusion flow of the printing paste is regulated and controlled by adjusting the air pressure by a pressure controller. Printing slurry is extruded out of the printing nozzle through the feed delivery pipe from the charging barrel. The printing nozzle is fixed on a vertical movement module capable of realizing X, Z shaft movement, and the printing platform is positioned on a horizontal movement module. The humidity controller presets the relative humidity of the printing environment to the atomizing nozzle and the exhaust fan of the micropore atomizer through the humidity sensor. The printing nozzle and the printing platform are linked to realize movement in the three-dimensional direction, printing slurry is extruded out of the printing nozzle through the charging barrel and the conveying pipeline through the air compressor and the pressure controller, the printing environment relative humidity is high after the printing slurry is extruded, the water vapor content in the environment accounts for a large proportion, an organic solvent in the printing slurry and the water vapor in the environment are mutually dissolved and separated out to enable a polymer to be solidified and formed, and the rest solute, namely the polymer, can be arranged and stacked on a printing path as required to form a printing blank body.
The 3D printing method and the device for the polymer under the normal temperature condition have the advantages that: compared with the traditional 3D printing and forming method which needs to print after heating and melting the material, the method provided by the invention can form the material by controlling the relative humidity of the environment without heating and melting the material. The invention can be applied to various materials, has no requirement on the original appearance of the materials and has no requirement on the melting point of the materials. Compared with other direct-writing 3D printing technologies, the direct-writing type three-dimensional printing method can provide better forming quality, is more tightly combined layer to layer, and has better mechanical property. The invention can be used for printing the polymer composite material added with ceramics, conductive materials and reinforcing materials, widens the selection range of the printing materials and is suitable for various materials and various composite materials.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus for polymer under normal temperature conditions according to the present invention.
In the figure: the printing method comprises the following steps of 1-air compressor, 2-compressed air precision filter, 3-pressure controller, 4-material conveying pipe, 5-printing slurry, 6-material cylinder, 7-printing platform, 8-vertical movement module, 9-printing nozzle, 10-humidity sensor, 11-printing blank, 12-exhaust fan, 13-atomizing nozzle, 14-humidity controller, 15-horizontal movement module, 16-micropore atomizer and 17-water tank.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a 3D printing method of a polymer under a normal temperature condition, which comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional model, layering the three-dimensional model slices to obtain a corresponding printing path, setting printing parameters, setting environment relative humidity, and determining the air pressure for extruding printing paste.
Step two: preparing printing paste 5, weighing polymer powder and an organic solvent capable of dissolving the polymer according to a certain proportion, adding the weighed polymer powder into the organic solvent, and stirring and mixing for a certain time at a certain temperature to obtain the printing paste 5 with uniform dispersion.
Step three: and extruding the printing paste 5, wherein air is compressed by an air compressor 1, harmful substances such as water, water vapor and oil mist in the compressed air are removed by a compressed air precision filter 2, and the extrusion flow of the printing paste 5 is regulated and controlled by adjusting the air pressure by a pressure controller 3. The printing paste 5 is extruded from the cylinder 6 through the feed pipe 4 by the printing nozzle 9. The printing spray head 9 is fixed on a vertical motion module 8 capable of achieving X, Z axis motion, and the printing platform 7 is positioned on a horizontal motion module 15.
Step four: the printing environment is prepared by adding distilled water to the water tank 17 of the humidifier, placing the micro-porous atomizer 16 in the atomizer head 13, and adjusting the atomizer head 13 to face the printing platform 7. The humidity controller 14 presets the relative humidity of the printing environment to the micro-pore atomizer 13 and the exhaust fan 12 through the humidity sensor 10, and when the humidity sensor 10 senses that the environmental humidity reaches a preset value, the printing operation is started.
Step five: the printing work begins, the printing spray head 9 and the printing platform 7 realize the movement in the three-dimensional direction in a linkage manner in the printing process, the printing slurry 5 is extruded out from the printing spray head 9 through the charging barrel 6 and the conveying pipeline 4 through the air compressor 1 and the pressure controller 3, the printing environment is high in relative humidity after the printing slurry 5 is extruded out, the water vapor content in the environment is large in proportion, the organic solvent in the printing slurry 5 is mutually dissolved with the water vapor in the environment and is separated out, so that the polymer is solidified and formed, and the rest solute, namely the polymer, can be arranged on a printing path as required and is stacked and formed to obtain the printing blank body 3.
Through experimental verification, the following three specific embodiments are listed:
1. the printing slurry is 35 wt% -40% of PEI/NMP, the extrusion pressure is 0.4MPa, and the relative humidity of the printing environment is 70% -75% RH.
2. The printing slurry is prepared by adding 3-8 wt% of carbon fiber short fibers into 38 wt% of PEI/NMP, the extrusion pressure is 0.4MPa, and the relative humidity of the printing environment is 65-75% RH.
3. The printing slurry is prepared by adding 10 wt% -20 wt% of nano HA into 38 wt% of PEI/NMP, the extrusion pressure is 0.4MPa, and the relative humidity of the printing environment is 65% -75% RH.
Wherein PEI is polyetherimide, NMP is N-methyl pyrrolidone, and HA is hydroxyapatite. The present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above three printing examples.
The invention provides a 3D printing device for polymers under normal temperature conditions, which mainly comprises an air compressor 1, a compressed air precision filter 2, a pressure controller 3, a material conveying pipe 4, printing slurry 5, a material barrel 6, a printing platform 7, a vertical movement module 8, a printing spray head 9, a humidity sensor 10, a printing blank body 11, an exhaust fan 12, an atomizing spray head 13, a humidity controller 14, a horizontal movement module 15, a micropore atomizer 16 and a water tank 17, as shown in figure 1. Air is compressed by an air compressor 1, harmful substances such as water, water vapor and oil mist in the compressed air are removed by a compressed air precision filter 2, and the extrusion flow of printing slurry 5 is regulated and controlled by adjusting the air pressure by a pressure controller 3. The printing paste 5 is extruded from the cylinder 6 through the feed pipe 4 by the printing nozzle 9. The printing spray head 9 is fixed on a vertical motion module 8 capable of achieving X, Z axis motion, and the printing platform 7 is positioned on a horizontal motion module 15. The humidity controller 14 presets the relative humidity of the printing environment to the atomizing nozzle 13 and the exhaust fan 12 of the micro-pore atomizer 16 through the humidity sensor 10. The printing spray head 9 and the printing platform 7 are linked to realize the movement in the three-dimensional direction, the printing slurry 5 is extruded out from the printing spray head 9 through the air compressor 1 and the pressure controller 3 through the charging barrel 6 and the conveying pipeline 4, the printing environment relative humidity is high after the printing slurry 5 is extruded, the water vapor content in the environment is large, the organic solvent in the printing slurry 5 and the water vapor in the environment are mutually dissolved and separated out to enable the polymer to be solidified and formed, and the rest solute, namely the polymer, can be arranged on a printing path as required and stacked and formed to obtain the printing blank body 3.
Claims (6)
1. A3D printing method of a polymer under a normal temperature condition is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional model, layering the three-dimensional model to obtain a corresponding printing path, setting printing parameters, setting environment relative humidity, and determining the air pressure for extruding printing paste;
step two: preparing printing slurry, weighing polymer powder and an organic solvent capable of dissolving the polymer according to a certain proportion, adding the weighed polymer powder into the organic solvent, and stirring and mixing for a certain time at a certain temperature to obtain uniformly dispersed printing slurry;
step three: printing slurry is extruded out of the printing spray head through the feed pipe by the charging barrel, the printing spray head is fixed on a vertical movement module which can realize X, Z shaft movement, and a printing platform is positioned on a horizontal movement module 15;
step four: preparing a printing environment, namely adding distilled water into a water tank of the humidifier, placing the microporous atomizer in the atomizing nozzle, and adjusting the atomizing nozzle to face the printing platform 7; the humidity controller presets the relative humidity of the printing environment for the micropore atomizer and the exhaust fan through the humidity sensor, and when the humidity sensor senses that the environmental humidity reaches the preset value, printing is started;
step five: the printing process is started, the printing nozzle and the printing platform are linked to realize the movement in the three-dimensional direction in the printing process, the printing slurry is extruded out by the printing nozzle through the charging barrel and the conveying pipeline through the air compressor and the pressure controller, the printing environment is high in relative humidity after the printing slurry is extruded, the water vapor content in the environment is large in proportion, the organic solvent in the printing slurry and the water vapor in the environment are mutually dissolved and separated out to enable the polymer to be solidified and formed, and the rest solute, namely the polymer, can be arranged on the printing path as required and is stacked and formed to obtain a printing blank body.
2. The method for 3D printing of a polymer at ambient conditions according to claim 1, wherein: the printing speed is 10mm/s and the printing layer height is 0.48 mm.
3. The method for 3D printing of a polymer at ambient conditions according to claim 1, wherein: the printing slurry is 35 wt% -40% of PEI/NMP, the extrusion pressure is 0.4MPa, and the relative humidity of the printing environment is 70% -75% RH.
4. The method for 3D printing of a polymer at ambient conditions according to claim 1, wherein: the printing slurry is prepared by adding 3-8 wt% of carbon fiber short fibers into 38 wt% of PEI/NMP, the extrusion pressure is 0.4MPa, and the relative humidity of the printing environment is 65-75% RH.
5. The method for 3D printing of a polymer at ambient conditions according to claim 1, wherein: the printing slurry is prepared by adding 10 wt% -20 wt% of nano HA into 38 wt% of PEI/NMP, the extrusion pressure is 0.4MPa, and the relative humidity of the printing environment is 65% -75% RH.
6. The utility model provides a 3D printing device of polymer under normal atmospheric temperature condition which characterized in that: the printing device mainly comprises an air compressor, a compressed air precision filter, a pressure controller, a conveying pipe, printing slurry, a charging barrel, a printing platform, a vertical movement module, a printing nozzle, a humidity sensor, a printing blank, an exhaust fan, an atomizing nozzle, a humidity controller, a horizontal movement module, a micropore atomizer and a water tank, wherein after the air is compressed by the air compressor, harmful substances such as water, vapor, oil mist and the like in the compressed air are removed through the compressed air precision filter, and the extrusion flow of the printing slurry is regulated and controlled through the pressure controller by adjusting the air pressure; printing slurry is extruded out of the printing nozzle from the material cylinder through the material conveying pipe; the printing spray head is fixed on a vertical movement module capable of realizing X, Z shaft movement, and the printing platform is positioned on the horizontal movement module; the humidity controller presets the relative humidity of the printing environment for an atomizing nozzle and an exhaust fan of the micropore atomizer through a humidity sensor; the printing nozzle and the printing platform are linked to realize movement in the three-dimensional direction, printing slurry is extruded out of the printing nozzle through the charging barrel and the conveying pipeline through the air compressor and the pressure controller, the printing environment relative humidity is high after the printing slurry is extruded, the water vapor content in the environment accounts for a large proportion, an organic solvent in the printing slurry and the water vapor in the environment are mutually dissolved and separated out to enable a polymer to be solidified and formed, and the rest solute, namely the polymer, can be arranged and stacked on a printing path as required to form a printing blank body.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113618871A (en) * | 2021-08-22 | 2021-11-09 | 蚌埠学院 | Extrusion device for fused deposition modeling 3D printer and 3D printer thereof |
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