CN112958426A

CN112958426A - Building waste separation device and building material manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: CN112958426A
Application number: CN202011303667.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴兴潮
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-11-19
Filing date: 2020-11-19
Publication date: 2021-06-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction waste separation device and a construction material manufacturing method, belonging to the technical field of construction waste treatment, and the technical scheme is characterized by comprising a rack screening module and a separation module, wherein the screening module is arranged at the top of a rack, and the separation module is positioned at one side of the rack and is matched with the screening module for use; the screening module comprises a screening frame, at least four groups of screening cylinders are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the screening frame, the screening cylinders are adopted to replace a traditional filter screen for screening, waste materials can be screened more comprehensively in the rotating process of the screening cylinders, the screening cylinders are not easy to damage compared with the traditional filter screen, the situation that the waste materials are accumulated on the filter screen is reduced, bricks and concrete blocks are screened by utilizing the power specific gravity difference between the concrete blocks and the bricks, the separation of the concrete block waste materials and the brick block waste materials can be completed, the subsequent classification use is facilitated, and the utilization rate of the waste materials is increased.

Description

Building waste separation device and building material manufacturing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment, in particular to a construction waste separating device and a manufacturing method of a construction material.

Background

In recent years, the industrialization and urbanization process of China is remarkably accelerated, and the construction waste of China is increased rapidly. According to data statistics, the quantity of urban solid waste in China reaches 70 hundred million tons by 2011, wherein the total quantity of construction waste is about 21-28 hundred million tons, and the quantity is increased at a speed of 10% every year at present. People have to face the embarrassed situation of refuse city and environmental pollution while enjoying the flourishing and improving the living standard of urban life, the construction waste mainly comprises brick firing and concrete blocks at the present stage of China, the construction waste treatment technology is backward, and the construction waste subjected to simple crushing treatment cannot meet the new engineering requirements, which is the main reason that the recycling of the construction waste is difficult to realize the economy.

The fired bricks and the waste concrete blocks have great difference in strength and stability, the fired bricks have small strength, large water absorption and poor stability, are not easy to be mixed with other building materials for utilization, and the bricks are suitable for recycling the color landscape brick aggregate due to good color uniformity and have higher economic value than common paving bricks. The waste concrete blocks have high strength and good stability, have good surface activity after being doped with cement, and are good aggregates of road base layers and recycled cement concrete.

At present, the most treatment methods to construction waste are that inside directly throwing into rubbing crusher with fragment of brick and concrete piece, smash it, but in the use of reality, fragment of brick waste material and concrete piece waste material mix, because the fragment of brick waste material is lower for concrete piece waste material cost, if not separating it, direct utilization, not only can't accomplish the best use of things, and cause very easily that the recycled aggregate quality is relatively poor, influence the normal use of product.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

The invention aims to provide a construction waste separating device and a construction material manufacturing method, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art, and having the advantages of separating brick waste and concrete waste in construction waste and improving the utilization rate of the waste.

2. Technical scheme

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A construction waste separation device and a construction material manufacturing method comprise a rack screening module and a separation module, wherein the screening module is arranged at the top of a rack, and the separation module is positioned at one side of the rack and is matched with the screening module for use;

the screening module comprises a screening frame, at least four groups of screening cylinders are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the screening frame, adjacent screening cylinders are in no pressure contact, a sweeping device located above the contact position of the adjacent screening cylinders is arranged on the inner wall of the screening frame, and a scrap scraping device is arranged on one side of the screening frame;

the separation module comprises at least four vibration slideways and primary separation units, each vibration slideway is positioned under each group of screening cylinders, the primary separation units are communicated with the bottom ends of the vibration slideways, a first discharge channel is arranged on one side of each primary separation unit, a second discharge channel is arranged on the bottom ends of the primary separation units, and a check channel is arranged between each first discharge channel and each second discharge channel; the air pressure in the first discharging channel and the check channel meets the following conditions: enough to suck in the bricks but not enough to suck in the concrete mass.

Further, the air pressure in the first discharging channel and the check channel can be independently adjusted.

Furthermore, the top of screening frame is provided with the housing that is used for the separation dust, and the housing is detachable structure with the screening frame.

Further, sweep the material device and include ventilation pipe and air-blower, the air-out end and the ventilation pipe intercommunication of air-blower, one side intercommunication of ventilation pipe has seven at least support tuber pipes, the bottom fixedly connected with stereoplasm elasticity brush of support tuber pipe, and the bottom of supporting the tuber pipe still sets up the exhaust vent that the equidistance distributes.

Furthermore, scrape the bits device including the slope slip table, the inner wall of slope slip table rotates and is connected with the scraping roller that is four at least, every the back one end of scraping the roller all runs through slope slip table and fixedly connected with first synchronizing wheel.

Further, the back fixed mounting of frame has the motor, the output shaft fixed surface of motor is connected with the second synchronizing wheel, every the equal fixedly connected with connecting axle of back one end of screening section of thick bamboo, the connecting axle runs through screening frame and fixedly connected with third synchronizing wheel, second synchronizing wheel and first synchronizing wheel pass through belt transmission and connect.

Furthermore, the number of the screening cylinders in each group is two, and the radiuses of the through holes in the four groups of screening cylinders are sequentially increased from top to bottom.

Furthermore, the surfaces of the third synchronizing wheel, the third synchronizing wheel and the second synchronizing wheel are both provided with toothed belt wheels, and the belt is a gear belt.

Further, the primary separation unit comprises a feeding channel, one end of the feeding channel is communicated with the first discharging channel, the bottom end of the feeding channel is communicated with the second discharging channel, and a material turning fan is arranged inside the feeding channel.

Furthermore, a first exhaust fan is arranged inside the first discharge channel, and a second exhaust fan is arranged inside the check channel.

Further, the distance from the four scraping rollers to the inclined sliding table is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

A method for manufacturing a construction material, wherein a construction waste separating device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used to separate bricks from concrete in construction waste.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) according to the scheme, the screening module is arranged, the mixture of the brick waste and the concrete block waste is screened by utilizing the multiple groups of screening cylinders, the screening cylinders are adopted to replace a traditional filter screen for screening, the waste can be more comprehensively screened in the rotating process of the screening cylinders, the screening cylinders are not easy to damage compared with the traditional filter screen, and the situation that the waste is accumulated on the filter screen is reduced, so that the waste can be subjected to multi-stage screening, the waste with the same particle size can enter the separation module for separation, and subsequent separation is facilitated;

(2) the scheme adopts the separation module to separate the waste materials, the waste materials with the particle sizes close to each other obtained by screening respectively enter the vibration slide way to fall, in the moving process, the mixture is firstly separated by the primary separation unit by means of vibration, simultaneously, under the action of the first exhaust fan, bricks with smaller aerodynamic specific gravity can be sucked into the first discharge channel, the concrete block waste materials with larger aerodynamic specific gravity fall into the second discharge channel, and when the waste materials at the upper part and the lower part pass through the check channel, the brick waste materials with smaller specific gravity at the lower part can be sucked into the first discharge channel by the second exhaust fan, the concrete block waste materials with larger specific gravity at the upper part can fall into the second discharge channel, so that the separation of the concrete block waste materials and the brick waste materials can be completed for subsequent classified use, the utilization rate of the waste is increased;

(3) through setting up the scrap scraping device, after the waste material passes through screening section of thick bamboo screening, the adhesion waste material together can be through scraping the material roller, scrapes down the concrete of fragment of brick surface adhesion by scraping the material roller to retrieve the great fragment of brick of volume.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the screening frame of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the screening frame of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a separation module of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic connection diagram of the first synchronizing wheel, the second synchronizing wheel and the third synchronizing wheel according to the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:

1. a frame; 2. a screening rack; 3. a screening drum; 4. a material sweeping device; 401. a vent pipe; 402. a blower; 403. supporting the air pipe; 404. a rigid elastic brush; 5. a scrap scraping device; 501. inclining the sliding table; 502. A scraping roller; 503. a first synchronizing wheel; 6. a motor; 7. a second synchronizing wheel; 8. a third synchronizing wheel; 9. Vibrating the slideway; 10. a primary division unit; 1001. a feed channel; 1002. a material turning fan; 11. a first discharge channel; 1101. a first exhaust fan; 12. a second discharge channel; 13. checking channels; 1301. a second exhaust fan; 14. and (4) a housing.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, in an embodiment of the present invention, a construction waste separation apparatus includes a frame 1, a screening module and a separation module, wherein the screening module is disposed at the top of the frame 1, and the separation module is located at one side of the frame 1 and is used in cooperation with the screening module;

the screening module comprises a screening frame 2, at least four groups of screening cylinders 3 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the screening frame 2, adjacent screening cylinders 3 are in no pressure contact, a sweeping device 4 located above the contact position of the adjacent screening cylinders 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the screening frame 2, and a scrap scraping device 5 is arranged on one side of the screening frame 2;

the separation module includes vibration slide 9 and the unit 10 of just dividing that is four at least, and every vibration slide 9 is located every group screening section of thick bamboo 3 under, just divides the bottom intercommunication of unit 10 and vibration slide 9, and one side of just dividing unit 10 is provided with first discharging channel 11, and the bottom of just dividing unit 10 is provided with second discharging channel 12, is provided with check channel 13 between first discharging channel 11 and the second discharging channel 12.

Referring to fig. 1, the top of the screening frame 2 is provided with a cover 14 for blocking dust, the cover 14 and the screening frame 2 are detachable, and the cover 14 is detachable, so that the inside of the screening frame 2 can be cleaned and maintained conveniently.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the material sweeping device 4 comprises a vent pipe 401 and a blower 402, an air outlet end of the blower 402 is communicated with the vent pipe 401, one side of the vent pipe 401 is communicated with at least seven supporting air pipes 403, the bottom of each supporting air pipe 403 is fixedly connected with a hard elastic brush 404, air outlet holes distributed at equal intervals are further formed in the bottom of each supporting air pipe 403, waste materials mixed together can be separated through the hard elastic brushes 404 in the using process, so that the screening cylinder 3 can perform better screening on the waste materials, meanwhile, after all the waste materials are screened, air can be blown into the vent pipe 401 and the supporting air pipes 403 through the blower 402, the air is blown out of the air outlet holes, and the air is blown out by matching with the rotation of the screening cylinder 3, so that the cleaning effect of the screening cylinder 3 is better.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the scrap scraping device 5 includes an inclined sliding table 501, the inner wall of the inclined sliding table 501 is rotatably connected with at least four scraping rollers 502, one end of the back surface of each scraping roller 502 penetrates through the inclined sliding table 501 and is fixedly connected with a first synchronizing wheel 503, when waste materials pass through the inclined sliding table 501, the scraping rollers 502 rotate, and concrete adhered to the surfaces of bricks is scraped by the scraping rollers 502 so as to recycle bricks with large volume.

Referring to fig. 2, the back fixed mounting of frame 1 has motor 6, the output shaft surface fixed connection of motor 6 has second synchronizing wheel 7, the equal fixedly connected with connecting axle of back one end of every screening section of thick bamboo 3, the connecting axle runs through screening frame 2 and fixedly connected with third synchronizing wheel 8, second synchronizing wheel 7 and first synchronizing wheel 503 pass through belt transmission and connect, in the use, drive second synchronizing wheel 7 through motor 6 and rotate, make third synchronizing wheel 8 and first synchronizing wheel 503 rotate through the belt when second synchronizing wheel 7 rotates, thereby make a plurality of screening sections of thick bamboo 3 and scraping rollers 502 simultaneous movement.

Referring to fig. 3, the number of each group of screening cylinders 3 is two, and the radiuses of the through holes on the four groups of screening cylinders 3 are sequentially increased from top to bottom so as to realize multi-stage screening, so that waste materials with the same particle size can be screened.

Referring to fig. 5, the surfaces of the third synchronizing wheel 8, the third synchronizing wheel 8 and the second synchronizing wheel 7 are all provided with toothed belt wheels, and the belts are toothed belts, so that the stability of transmission between the screening cylinder 3 and the scraping roller 502 is increased, and the effect of synchronous rotation is ensured.

Referring to fig. 4, the preliminary separation unit 10 includes a feeding channel 1001, one end of the feeding channel 1001 is communicated with a first discharging channel 11, the bottom end of the feeding channel 1001 is communicated with a second discharging channel 12, and a material turning fan 1002 is arranged inside the feeding channel 1001; a first exhaust fan 1101 is arranged in the first discharge channel 11, a second exhaust fan 1301 is arranged in the check channel 13, waste materials with approximate particle sizes obtained through screening respectively enter a vibration slide 9 to fall, primary layering of the mixed materials is realized by means of vibration in the moving process, the mixed materials after primary layering are primarily separated through a primary layering unit 10, meanwhile, bricks with smaller aerodynamic specific gravity can be sucked into the first discharge channel 11 under the action of the first exhaust fan 1101, concrete block waste materials with larger aerodynamic specific gravity fall into the second discharge channel 12, and when the waste materials at the upper part and the lower part pass through the check channel 13, the brick waste materials with smaller specific gravity at the lower part can be sucked into the first discharge channel 11 by the second exhaust fan 1301, and the concrete block waste materials with larger specific gravity at the upper part can fall into the second discharge channel 12, so that the separation of the concrete block waste materials and the brick waste materials can be completed, the air pressure in the first discharging channel 11 and the check channel 13 can be independently adjusted.

Referring to fig. 1, the distance from the four scraping rollers 502 to the inclined sliding table 501 gradually decreases from top to bottom, so that the scraping process of the scraping rollers 502 on the concrete on the brick surface is gradually performed, so as to reduce the occurrence of the situation that the brick is clamped by the scraping rollers 502.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: in the using process, the mixture is placed on the screening frame 2, then the motor 6 is started, the motor 6 drives the second synchronizing wheel 7 to rotate when rotating, the third synchronizing wheel 8 and the first synchronizing wheel 503 rotate through a belt when the second synchronizing wheel 7 rotates, so that the screening cylinders 3 and the scraping rollers 502 synchronously move, the waste materials are screened in the rotating process of the screening cylinders 3, the screening cylinders 3 are adopted to replace the traditional filter screen for screening, the waste materials can be more comprehensively screened in the rotating process of the screening cylinders 3, compared with the traditional filter screen, the waste materials are not easy to damage, the situation that the waste materials are accumulated on the filter screen is reduced, the waste materials can be screened in multiple stages, the waste materials with the same particle size can enter the separating modules for separation, the subsequent separation is facilitated, the waste materials with the particle size close to the particle size obtained by screening respectively enter the vibrating slideway 9 to fall and move, the primary layering of the mixture is realized by means of vibration, the mixture after primary layering is primarily separated through the primary layering unit 10, meanwhile, under the action of the first exhaust fan 1101, bricks with smaller aerodynamic specific gravity can be sucked into the first discharging channel 11, concrete block waste with larger aerodynamic specific gravity falls into the second discharging channel 12, and waste materials at the upper part and the lower part pass through the check channel 13, brick waste with small specific gravity at the lower part can be sucked into the first discharging channel 11 by the second exhaust fan 1301, concrete block waste with large specific gravity at the upper part can fall into the second discharging channel 12, so that the separation of the concrete block waste and the brick waste can be completed, the subsequent classified use is facilitated, and the waste material utilization rate is increased.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a building rubbish separator, includes frame (1), screening module and separation module, its characterized in that: the screening module is arranged at the top of the rack (1), and the separation module is positioned at one side of the rack (1) and is matched with the screening module for use;

the screening module comprises screening frames (2), at least four groups of screening cylinders (3) are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the screening frames (2), adjacent screening cylinders (3) are in no pressure contact, a sweeping device (4) located above the contact position of the adjacent screening cylinders (3) is arranged on the inner walls of the screening frames (2), and a scrap scraping device (5) is arranged on one side of each screening frame (2);

the separation module comprises at least four vibration slideways (9) and primary separation units (10), each vibration slideway (9) is positioned under each group of screening barrels (3), the primary separation units (10) are communicated with the bottom ends of the vibration slideways (9), a first discharge channel (11) is arranged on one side of each primary separation unit (10), a second discharge channel (12) is arranged at the bottom end of each primary separation unit (10), and a check channel (13) is arranged between each first discharge channel (11) and each second discharge channel (12); the air pressure in the first discharging channel (11) and the check channel (13) meets the following conditions: enough to suck in the bricks but not enough to suck in the concrete mass.

2. The construction waste separating device of claim 1, wherein: the top of screening frame (2) is provided with housing (14) that are used for the separation dust, and housing (14) and screening frame (2) are detachable structure.

3. The construction waste separating device of claim 1, wherein: sweep material device (4) including ventilation pipe (401) and air-blower (402), the air-out end and ventilation pipe (401) intercommunication of air-blower (402), one side intercommunication of ventilation pipe (401) has seven at least support tuber pipes (403), the bottom fixedly connected with stereoplasm elasticity brush (404) of support tuber pipe (403), and the exhaust vent that the equidistance distributes is still seted up to the bottom of supporting tuber pipe (403).

4. The construction waste separating device of claim 1, wherein: scrape bits device (5) including slope slip table (501), the inner wall of slope slip table (501) rotates and is connected with scraping material roller (502) for four at least, every the back one end of scraping material roller (502) all runs through slope slip table (501) and fixedly connected with first synchronizing wheel (503).

5. The construction waste separating device of claim 4, wherein: the back fixed mounting of frame (1) has motor (6), the output shaft fixed surface of motor (6) is connected with second synchronizing wheel (7), every the equal fixedly connected with connecting axle of back one end of screening section of thick bamboo (3), the connecting axle runs through screening frame (2) and fixedly connected with third synchronizing wheel (8), second synchronizing wheel (7) and first synchronizing wheel (503) are connected through belt transmission.

6. The construction waste separating device of claim 1, wherein: the number of the screening cylinders (3) in each group is two, and the radiuses of the through holes in the screening cylinders (3) in the four groups are sequentially increased from top to bottom.

7. The construction waste separating device of claim 5, wherein: the third synchronizing wheel (8), the surfaces of the third synchronizing wheel (8) and the second synchronizing wheel (7) are both provided with toothed belt wheels, and the belt is a gear belt.

8. The construction waste separating device of claim 1, wherein: elementary unit (10) include feedstock channel (1001), the one end and first discharging channel (11) intercommunication of feedstock channel (1001), the bottom and second discharging channel (12) intercommunication of feedstock channel (1001), the inside of feedstock channel (1001) is provided with stirring fan (1002).

9. The construction waste separating device of claim 1, wherein: the inside of first discharging channel (11) is provided with first air exhauster (1101), the inside of check passageway (13) is provided with second air exhauster (1301), four scrape material roller (502) from the top down apart from the distance of slope slip table (501) reduce gradually.

10. A method for manufacturing a construction material, characterized in that a construction waste separating apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9 is used to separate bricks from concrete in construction waste.