CN112953092A - Novel permanent magnet synchronous generator - Google Patents

Novel permanent magnet synchronous generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112953092A
CN112953092A CN202110331247.1A CN202110331247A CN112953092A CN 112953092 A CN112953092 A CN 112953092A CN 202110331247 A CN202110331247 A CN 202110331247A CN 112953092 A CN112953092 A CN 112953092A
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China
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
rotor
stator
winding
shell
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CN202110331247.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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钱有祥
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/34—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H02K3/345—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel permanent magnet synchronous generator, which comprises a shell, an end cover, a rotor shaft, a rotor, a stator and a winding, wherein the end cover is arranged on the shell; end covers are arranged at two ends of the shell; a rotor shaft is arranged in the machine shell, is positioned on the axis of the machine shell and extends out of the end covers at the two ends of the machine shell; a sealing bearing is arranged between the end cover and the rotor shaft; a rotor is coaxially sleeved outside the rotor shaft, a permanent magnet is coaxially arranged outside the rotor, and a stator is coaxially sleeved outside the permanent magnet; a winding is arranged in a stator slot of the stator; insulation paper is arranged between the winding and the stator slot; the casing is internally provided with a spiral water channel which is wound around the axis of the casing. Two ends of the spiral water channel are communicated with the outside, and are respectively a water inlet and a water outlet for introducing and discharging cooling water.

Description

Novel permanent magnet synchronous generator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of generators, in particular to a novel permanent magnet synchronous generator.
Background
The permanent magnet synchronous motor provides excitation by the permanent magnet, so that the structure of the motor is simpler, the processing and assembling cost is reduced, a collecting ring and an electric brush which are easy to cause problems are omitted, and the running reliability of the motor is improved; and because excitation current is not needed, excitation loss is avoided, and the efficiency and the power density of the motor are improved.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor is mainly composed of a stator, a rotor, an end cover and the like, wherein the stator is formed by laminating laminations to reduce iron loss generated when the motor operates, and a three-phase alternating current winding, namely an armature, is arranged in the stator. The rotor may be made in solid form or may be pressed from laminations which carry the permanent magnet material.
The existing synchronous generator has poor power generation performance during hydroelectric generation, and needs to be improved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel permanent magnet synchronous generator, which improves the working performance of the generator through improving the structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the novel permanent magnet synchronous generator comprises a shell, an end cover, a rotor shaft, a rotor, a stator and a winding; end covers are arranged at two ends of the shell; a rotor shaft is arranged in the machine shell, is positioned on the axis of the machine shell and extends out of the end covers at the two ends of the machine shell; a sealing bearing is arranged between the end cover and the rotor shaft; (ii) a A rotor is coaxially sleeved outside the rotor shaft, a permanent magnet is coaxially arranged outside the rotor, and a stator is coaxially sleeved outside the permanent magnet; a winding is arranged in a stator slot of the stator; insulation paper is arranged between the winding and the stator slot; the casing is internally provided with a spiral water channel which is wound around the axis of the casing. Two ends of the spiral water channel are communicated with the outside, and are respectively a water inlet and a water outlet for introducing and discharging cooling water.
As a preferred solution, the number of stator slots is 18, evenly distributed around the stator axis.
As a preferred technical scheme, the winding is a double-layer winding, and the conductor material in the winding is copper; the number of parallel branches is 1; the winding pitch is 4; the number of turns of each layer of winding coil is 4; the number of the wound coils of each turn of coil is 6; the outer diameter of each wire conductor is 2 mm; the thickness of the double-side insulation is 0.1 mm; the bath fullness was 78.1%.
As a preferred solution, the rotor outer diameter (mm): 133; the inner diameter of the rotor is 67 mm; the length of the iron core is 210 mm; the number of rotor poles is 4; the lamination coefficient is 0.95; the rotor is a silicon steel sheet and the mark is DW310_ 35.
As a preferred technical scheme, the thickness of the permanent magnet is 10; the mechanical pole arc coefficient is 0.8; the outer arc angle of the permanent magnet is 144 degrees; the remanence of the magnetic steel is 1.23; the coercive force is 890 kA/m; the relative recoil magnetic permeability is 1.0998; the magnetizing mode is parallel magnetizing; the permanent magnet is NdFe 3.
As a preferred technical scheme, the gap between the shell and the stator core is 0.005 mm; the clearance between the rotor iron core and the rotating shaft is 0.003 mm; the gap between the wall of the stator slot and the insulating paper is 0.05 mm; the thickness of the insulating paper is 0.2 mm; the clearance between the end covers at the two ends and the machine shell is 0.005 mm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a stator slot structure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the rotor.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the winding.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the temperature distribution 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the temperature distribution 2.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows: 1-machine shell, 2-end cover, 3-rotor shaft, 4-rotor, 5-permanent magnet, 6-stator, 7-winding and 8-spiral water channel.
Detailed Description
The present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a novel permanent magnet synchronous generator, which is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Examples
The novel permanent magnet synchronous generator is the same as the prior art and comprises a machine shell 1, an end cover 2, a rotor shaft 3, a rotor 4, a stator 6 and a winding 7.
Two ends of the casing 1 are provided with end covers 2. A rotor shaft 3 is arranged in the machine shell, and the rotor shaft 3 is positioned on the axis of the machine shell 1 and extends out of the end covers 2 at two ends of the machine shell 1. And a sealing bearing is arranged between the end cover 2 and the rotor shaft 3. The rotor shaft 3 is coaxially sleeved with a rotor 4, and the rotor 4 is coaxially provided with a permanent magnet 5. The stator 6 is coaxially sleeved outside the permanent magnet 5. The stator 6 has windings 7 in its stator slots. And insulating paper is arranged between the winding 7 and the stator slot.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a spiral water channel 8 is disposed in the casing and spirally extends around the axis of the casing. Two ends of the spiral water channel 8 are communicated with the outside, and are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet for introducing and discharging cooling water. The cooling of the generator can be realized through the spiral water channel so as to ensure the continuous work of the generator.
As shown in fig. 4. In this embodiment, the number of stator slots is 18, evenly distributed about the stator axis. The stator slot number makes the pole slot cooperate for 36/8 (18/4) motor, and noise, cogging torque etc. are less bad factor, and the performance is better. Therefore, the pole slot cooperation that this embodiment adopted makes the noise little, and the performance is good.
In this embodiment, the structure of the stator slot is shown in fig. 2. Wherein, the parameters of each part are as follows:
hs0 (mm): 1.6；hs1 (mm): 1；hs2 (mm): 10.5；bs0 (mm): 5.2；bs1 (mm): 15.7；bs2 (mm): 16.1。
in the present embodiment, the structure of the winding is shown in fig. 4; the winding is a double-layer winding, and in the winding, the conductor material: copper; number of parallel branches: 1; winding pitch: 4; number of turns of each layer of winding coil: 4; number of wound coils per turn: 6; outer diameter (mm) of each wire conductor: 2; double-sided insulation thickness (mm): 0.1; the tank fullness rate (%): 78.1.
In this embodiment, the structure of the rotor is shown in fig. 3, in which: rotor outer diameter (mm): 133; rotor inner diameter (mm): 67; core length (mm) 210; number of rotor poles: 4; the laminating coefficient is as follows: 0.95; silicon steel sheet mark: DW310_ 35.
In this embodiment, the structure of the permanent magnet is as shown in fig. 3, wherein the thickness h (mm) of the permanent magnet: 10; mechanical pole arc coefficient: 0.8; permanent magnet outer arc angle α (degree): 144, 144; permanent magnet brand: NdFe 35; magnetic steel remanence (Tesla): 1.23; coercive force (kA/m): 890; 1.0998 relative recovery magnetic permeability; and (3) magnetizing mode: and (5) parallel magnetization.
First, the electromagnetic part Loss and efficiency analysis (Loss and efficiency) of the motor
1. Phase resistance calculation under rated conditions:
number of coils per slot: ns 8
Number of parallel branches: a is 1
Number of windings-wire diameter: nt-d-6-2
Winding pitch: 4
Stator per-phase resistance R (75 degrees): 0.02 omega
2. And (3) calculating loss and efficiency:
rated output power:
P1＝110000W
total iron loss:
PFe＝khB(t)a+ke 2B(t)2+ka 15B(t)1.5＝1173.3W。
stator winding copper loss:
Pcu=mI^2R=2079.48W
mechanical loss:
Pfw=340W
total loss:
P2=1173.3+2079.48+340=3592.78W
efficiency:
n= 100%*P1/ (P1+ P2) %=96.84%。
secondly, analyzing the integral structure and the thermal property of the motor
1. In this embodiment, the structure and the major dimensions of the generator are shown in the following table:
Figure RE-GDA0003052865420000051
2. heat dissipation condition and structure key parameter of motor
And (3) water-cooling heat dissipation conditions:
Figure RE-GDA0003052865420000052
key parameter of technological process
The gap between the casing and the stator core is 0.005mm
The clearance between the rotor core and the rotating shaft is 0.003mm
The gap between the wall of the stator slot and the insulating paper is 0.05mm
The thickness of the insulating paper is 0.2mm
The clearance between the end covers at the two ends and the machine shell is 0.005 mm.
The temperature distribution schematic diagram 5-6 is as follows:
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the electromagnetic torque in the design structure is larger, and the power generation capacity is larger. The maximum torque, the electromagnetic load and the main size of the permanent magnet synchronous motor satisfy the following relational expression:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
respectively the amplitude of the air gap flux density fundamental wave and the electric load,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
the axial length of the motor is taken as the length,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is the outer diameter of the motor stator
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Therefore, in order to obtain larger electromagnetic torque, the thickness and the pole arc coefficient of the permanent magnet are increased or the permanent magnet with higher performance is adopted to increase the amplitude of the air gap flux density fundamental wave; increasing the size of the motor; the number of turns of the coil, the rated current and the winding coefficient are increased to improve the electrical load of the motor. And these dimensions satisfy other constraints.
According to the invention, the designed structure and parameters enable the generator to have lighter weight and smaller volume under the condition of the same power generation effect.
The main size formula of the motor:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
it is easy to know that under the premise of ensuring that the electromagnetic torque is not changed, the size of the motor can be reduced by improving the electrical load and the magnetic flux density fundamental wave amplitude of the air gap, but on the premise of ensuring that parameters such as the thermal load, the electrical density and the like cannot be too large.
It should be noted that, based on the above-mentioned structural design, in order to solve the same technical problems, even if some insubstantial modifications or tints are made on the invention, the essence of the adopted technical solution is the same as the invention, and therefore, the technical solution should be within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The novel permanent magnet synchronous generator comprises a shell, an end cover, a rotor shaft, a rotor, a stator and a winding; end covers are arranged at two ends of the shell; a rotor shaft is arranged in the machine shell, is positioned on the axis of the machine shell and extends out of the end covers at the two ends of the machine shell; a sealing bearing is arranged between the end cover and the rotor shaft; (ii) a A rotor is coaxially sleeved outside the rotor shaft, a permanent magnet is coaxially arranged outside the rotor, and a stator is coaxially sleeved outside the permanent magnet; a winding is arranged in a stator slot of the stator; insulation paper is arranged between the winding and the stator slot; it is characterized in that a spiral water channel which is in a spiral shape and surrounds the axis of the shell is arranged in the shell; two ends of the spiral water channel are communicated with the outside, and are respectively a water inlet and a water outlet for introducing and discharging cooling water.
2. The new permanent magnet synchronous generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of stator slots is 18, evenly distributed around the stator axis.
3. The novel permanent magnet synchronous generator according to claim 2, wherein the winding is a double-layer winding, and the conductor material in the winding is copper; the number of parallel branches is 1; the winding pitch is 4; the number of turns of each layer of winding coil is 4; the number of the wound coils of each turn of coil is 6; the outer diameter of each wire conductor is 2 mm; the thickness of the double-side insulation is 0.1 mm; the bath fullness was 78.1%.
4. The new permanent magnet synchronous generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor outer diameter is 133 mm; the inner diameter of the rotor is 67 mm; the length of the iron core is 210 mm; the number of rotor poles is 4; the lamination coefficient is 0.95; the rotor is a silicon steel sheet and the mark is DW310_ 35.
5. The new permanent magnet synchronous generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnet thickness is 10; the mechanical pole arc coefficient is 0.8; the outer arc angle of the permanent magnet is 144 degrees; the remanence of the magnetic steel is 1.23; the coercive force is 890 kA/m; the relative recoil magnetic permeability is 1.0998; the magnetizing mode is parallel magnetizing; the permanent magnet is NdFe 3.
6. The novel permanent magnet synchronous generator according to claim 1, wherein the gap between the casing and the stator core is 0.005 mm; the clearance between the rotor iron core and the rotating shaft is 0.003 mm; the gap between the wall of the stator slot and the insulating paper is 0.05 mm; the thickness of the insulating paper is 0.2 mm; the clearance between the end covers at the two ends and the machine shell is 0.005 mm.
CN202110331247.1A 2021-03-29 2021-03-29 Novel permanent magnet synchronous generator Pending CN112953092A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113890215A (en) * 2021-09-14 2022-01-04 武汉理工大学 High-speed amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor
CN116455106A (en) * 2023-04-23 2023-07-18 华北电力大学（保定） Permanent magnet synchronous generator and radial ventilation channel setting method for generator stator

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113890215A (en) * 2021-09-14 2022-01-04 武汉理工大学 High-speed amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor
CN116455106A (en) * 2023-04-23 2023-07-18 华北电力大学（保定） Permanent magnet synchronous generator and radial ventilation channel setting method for generator stator
CN116455106B (en) * 2023-04-23 2023-09-26 华北电力大学（保定） Method for setting radial ventilation channel of generator stator of permanent magnet synchronous generator

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