CN112939510B - Preparation method of anti-crack, self-healing and root-blocking functional additive for concrete - Google Patents
Preparation method of anti-crack, self-healing and root-blocking functional additive for concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN112939510B CN112939510B CN202110125448.6A CN202110125448A CN112939510B CN 112939510 B CN112939510 B CN 112939510B CN 202110125448 A CN202110125448 A CN 202110125448A CN 112939510 B CN112939510 B CN 112939510B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an anti-cracking-self-healing-root-blocking functional additive for concrete, which comprises the following steps: step 1, mixing copper tailings, water and a grinding aid, and placing the mixture into a wet grinder for wet grinding to obtain nano copper tailings; step 2, putting the chitosan solution into an electromagnetic stirrer, adding a glutaraldehyde solution in the stirring process, and stirring in a warm water bath for 10 min; and 3, adding 5-10 parts by mass of the nano copper tailings obtained in the step 1 into the solution obtained in the step 2, continuing constant-temperature water bath for 1 hour, and freeze-drying for 24 hours to obtain the anti-crack, self-healing and root-blocking functional additive for concrete. When the concrete structure cracks to generate microcracks, the water absorption rate of the chitosan super absorbent resin in a neutral environment is greatly improved, the chitosan super absorbent resin quickly absorbs water to swell and block pores, so that the purpose of self-healing of concrete is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an anti-cracking-self-healing-root-blocking functional additive for concrete.
Background
With the rapid development of the urbanization and the industrialization in China, the roof greening construction is highly emphasized by many government departments in cities so as to solve the problems of the increasing urban building area, the increasingly serious urban heat island effect and the like. Roof greening refers to greening of tops of various buildings, structures and the like, and ceilings and terraces which are not connected with natural soil layers. The greening of the roof is beneficial to increasing the area of the green land of the city and improving the ecological environment of the city. At present, most roof greening in China adopts organic flexible component root-blocking materials, the later maintenance cost is high, the service life of the roof greening is difficult to achieve the same as that of a building, particularly, the waterproof performance is greatly lower after concrete generates microcracks, plant roots and stems can penetrate into the cracks to damage a roof structure, and the bearing capacity and the waterproof performance of the structure can be reduced after the concrete generates cracks. The self-healing concrete can automatically sense and repair after cracks are generated in the concrete, a large amount of maintenance cost is saved, the self-healing can be carried out at the initial stage of crack formation, and the service life of the concrete structure is greatly prolonged.
The copper tailings are also called copper tailings, and are the part with the lowest copper content of the target component. The yield of the copper tailings in China is extremely high, most of the copper tailings are treated as wastes, and a large amount of resources are wasted while huge pressure is caused on the environment. Therefore, the development of the anti-cracking-self-healing-root-blocking functional additive capable of effectively utilizing the copper tailings has important significance for roof greening.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows:
a preparation method of an anti-crack, self-healing and root-resistant functional additive for concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, mixing 100 parts by mass of copper tailings, 400-450RPS (wet grinding aid) and 500 parts by mass of water with 1-2 parts by mass of grinding aid, and wet-grinding the mixture in a wet grinder at the rotating speed of 400-450RPS until the nano copper tailings with the median particle size of 50-100nm are obtained;
step 2, 50 parts by mass of chitosan solution is put into an electromagnetic stirrer with the rotating speed of 300r/min, 10 parts by mass of glutaraldehyde solution is added in the stirring process, and the mixture is stirred for 10min in a constant-temperature water bath at the temperature of 45-55 ℃;
and 3, adding 5-10 parts by mass of the nano copper tailings obtained in the step 1 into the solution obtained in the step 2, continuing constant-temperature water bath for 1 hour, and freeze-drying for 24 hours to obtain the anti-crack, self-healing and root-blocking functional additive for concrete.
The initial particle size of the copper tailings in the step 1 is 10-20 μm.
The grinding aid in the step 1 is one of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a naphthalene water reducing agent and an aliphatic water reducing agent.
The chitosan in the step 2 has deacetylation degree of 90-95% and concentration of 2-3% (g/mL).
The molecular weight of the glutaraldehyde in the step 2 is 100.12, and the concentration is 0.25-0.4 mol/L.
The chitosan is added into the components, amino groups on the molecular chain of the chitosan enable the prepared super absorbent resin to have good PH ion responsiveness, the super absorbent resin has lower water absorption rate in a cement-based alkaline environment, and after the concrete is hydrated to consume water and the internal relative humidity is reduced, the water is supplemented to the matrix, so that the self-shrinkage of the concrete is reduced, the volume stability is increased, and once the structure is cracked to generate micro cracks, the super absorbent resin is in a neutral environment, the amino groups on the molecular chain are H+Ionization occurs to produce-NH3 +-NH on Chitosan3 +The electrostatic repulsion between the two components increases the osmotic pressure, greatly improves the water absorption rate, quickly absorbs water to swell and blocks pores, thereby achieving the purpose of self-healing of the concrete.
The nano copper tailings are added into the components to perform nano modification on the super absorbent resin, and the nano copper tailings are adsorbed in a three-dimensional cross-linked network in the resin synthesis process to improve the strength of gel, so that the service life of the water absorbent resin in the healing process is prolonged. And the nano copper tailings enable the super absorbent resin to have an excellent root-blocking effect, plant roots are prevented from penetrating into cracks to damage a roof structure, and the bearing capacity and the waterproof performance of the concrete after cracking are remarkably improved.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the chitosan enables the super absorbent resin to have PH sensitivity, has lower water absorption rate in a cement-based alkaline environment, and can supplement water to the matrix after the concrete is hydrated to consume water and when the internal relative humidity is reduced, so that the self-shrinkage of the concrete is reduced, and the volume stability is increased.
(2) When the concrete structure cracks to generate microcracks, the water absorption rate of the chitosan super absorbent resin in a neutral environment is greatly improved, the chitosan super absorbent resin quickly absorbs water to swell and block pores, so that the purpose of self-healing of concrete is achieved.
(3) The industrial solid waste copper tailings are doped, so that resources can be reasonably utilized, the strength of the water-absorbent resin is effectively improved, the service life of the water-absorbent resin is prolonged, and an excellent root-blocking effect is achieved.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments.
Example 1
1) Mixing 100 parts by mass of copper tailings, 500 parts by mass of water and 1 part by mass of grinding aid, placing the mixture in a wet grinder, and carrying out wet grinding at the rotating speed of 400RPS until the median particle size reaches 100nm to obtain nano copper tailings;
2) taking 50 parts by mass of 2% (g/mL) chitosan solution, putting the chitosan solution into an electromagnetic stirrer with the rotating speed of 300r/min, adding 10 parts by mass of 0.25mol/L glutaraldehyde solution in the stirring process, and stirring for 10min in a 45-DEG constant-temperature water bath;
3) adding 5 parts by mass of the nano copper tailings obtained in the step 1) into the solution obtained in the step 2), continuing constant-temperature water bath for 1h, and freeze-drying for 24h to obtain the anti-crack, self-healing and root-resistance functional additive for concrete.
Example 2
1) 100 parts by mass of copper tailings, 480 parts by mass of water and 1.2 parts by mass of grinding aid are mixed and placed in a wet grinding machine to be subjected to wet grinding at the rotating speed of 420RPS until the median particle size is 85nm, and then the nano copper tailings are obtained;
2) taking 50 parts by mass of 2.2% (g/mL) chitosan solution, putting the chitosan solution into an electromagnetic stirrer with the rotating speed of 300r/min, adding 10 parts by mass of 0.28mol/L glutaraldehyde solution in the stirring process, and stirring the mixture in a constant-temperature water bath at 48 ℃ for 10 min;
3) adding 6 parts by mass of the nano copper tailings obtained in the step 1) into the solution obtained in the step 2) to continue thermostatic water bath for 1h, and freeze-drying for 24h to obtain the anti-crack-self-healing-root-resistant functional additive for concrete.
Example 3
1) Mixing 100 parts by mass of copper tailings, 450 parts by mass of water and 1.4 parts by mass of grinding aid, placing the mixture into a wet grinder, and carrying out wet grinding at the rotating speed of 430RPS until the median particle size is 70nm to obtain nano copper tailings;
2) taking 50 parts by mass of 2.5% (g/mL) chitosan solution, putting the chitosan solution into an electromagnetic stirrer with the rotating speed of 300r/min, adding 10 parts by mass of 0.3mol/L glutaraldehyde solution in the stirring process, and stirring the mixture in a 50-DEG C constant-temperature water bath for 10 min;
3) adding 8 parts by mass of the nano copper tailings obtained in the step 1) into the solution obtained in the step 2), continuing constant-temperature water bath for 1h, and freeze-drying for 24h to obtain the anti-crack, self-healing and root-resistance functional additive for concrete.
Example 4
1) Mixing 100 parts by mass of copper tailings, 400 parts by mass of water and 2 parts by mass of grinding aid, placing the mixture in a wet grinder, and carrying out wet grinding at the rotating speed of 440RPS until the median particle size is 62nm to obtain nano copper tailings;
2) taking 50 parts by mass of 2.8% (g/mL) chitosan solution, putting the chitosan solution into an electromagnetic stirrer with the rotating speed of 300r/min, adding 10 parts by mass of 0.35mol/L glutaraldehyde solution in the stirring process, and stirring for 10min in a constant-temperature water bath at 53 ℃;
3) adding 9 parts by mass of the nano copper tailings obtained in the step 1) into the solution obtained in the step 2) to continue thermostatic water bath for 1h, and freeze-drying for 24h to obtain the anti-crack-self-healing-root-resistant functional additive for concrete.
Example 5
1) Mixing 100 parts by mass of copper tailings, 400 parts by mass of water and 2 parts by mass of grinding aid, placing the mixture in a wet grinder, and carrying out wet grinding at the rotating speed of 450RPS until the median particle size is 50nm to obtain nano copper tailings;
2) taking 50 parts by mass of 3% (g/mL) chitosan solution, putting the chitosan solution into an electromagnetic stirrer with the rotating speed of 300r/min, adding 10 parts by mass of 0.4mol/L glutaraldehyde solution in the stirring process, and stirring the mixture in a constant-temperature water bath at 55 ℃ for 10 min;
3) adding 10 parts by mass of the nano copper tailings obtained in the step 1) into the solution obtained in the step 2), continuing constant-temperature water bath for 1h, and freeze-drying for 24h to obtain the anti-crack, self-healing and root-resistance functional additive for concrete.
The properties of the C30 concrete prepared by using the anti-crack, self-healing and root-blocking functional additive for concrete prepared in the above examples are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 test results of various properties of anti-crack, self-healing and root-resistant functional additives and C30 concrete properties
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the water absorption multiplying power of the water-absorbing resin is continuously increased along with the increase of the concentrations of the chitosan solution and the glutaraldehyde solution, the internal curing effect of the concrete is improved, and after the concrete is hydrated to consume water, when the internal relative humidity is reduced, the water is supplemented to the matrix, so that the self-shrinkage of the concrete is reduced, and the volume stability is increased. After the structure is cracked, the super absorbent resin is in a neutral environment, and the amino groups on the molecular chain are H+Ionization occurs to produce-NH3 +-NH on Chitosan3 +The electrostatic repulsion between the two components increases osmotic pressure, greatly improves water absorption rate, quickly absorbs water to swell and blocks pores, and the healing width gradually increases along with the increase of the water absorption rate of the water-absorbent resin. Meanwhile, due to the addition of the nano copper tailings, the concrete has a good root-resisting effect.
The protective scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of an anti-crack, self-healing and root-resistant functional additive for concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, mixing 100 parts by mass of copper tailings, 400-450RPS (wet grinding aid) and 500 parts by mass of water with 1-2 parts by mass of grinding aid, and wet-grinding the mixture in a wet grinder at the rotating speed of 400-450RPS until the nano copper tailings with the median particle size of 50-100nm are obtained;
step 2, 50 parts by mass of chitosan solution is put into an electromagnetic stirrer with the rotating speed of 300r/min, 10 parts by mass of glutaraldehyde solution is added in the stirring process, and the mixture is stirred for 10min in a constant-temperature water bath at the temperature of 45-55 ℃;
step 3, adding 5-10 parts by mass of the nano copper tailings obtained in the step 1 into the solution obtained in the step 2, continuing constant-temperature water bath for 1 hour, and freeze-drying for 24 hours to obtain an anti-crack, self-healing and root-blocking functional additive for concrete;
the chitosan in the step 2 has deacetylation degree of 90-95% and concentration of 2-3g/mL, and the glutaraldehyde in the step 2 has molecular weight of 100.12 and concentration of 0.25-0.4 mol/L.
2. The method for preparing an anti-crack-self-healing-root-blocking functional additive for concrete according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the initial particle size of the copper tailings in the step 1 is 10-20 μm.
3. The method for preparing an anti-crack-self-healing-root-blocking functional additive for concrete according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the grinding aid in the step 1 is one of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a naphthalene water reducing agent and an aliphatic water reducing agent.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101671151A (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2010-03-17 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Concrete with high cracking resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN109095859A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-28 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of self-healing anti-cracking waterproof root resistance concrete |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101671151A (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2010-03-17 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Concrete with high cracking resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN109095859A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-28 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of self-healing anti-cracking waterproof root resistance concrete |
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