CN112930857B - Intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk treatment integrated harvester - Google Patents

Intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk treatment integrated harvester Download PDF

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CN112930857B
CN112930857B CN202110203492.4A CN202110203492A CN112930857B CN 112930857 B CN112930857 B CN 112930857B CN 202110203492 A CN202110203492 A CN 202110203492A CN 112930857 B CN112930857 B CN 112930857B
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soil
straw
water
straws
main control
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CN112930857A (en
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王元生
费美扣
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Hefei Jiuzhou Longteng Scientific And Technological Achievement Transformation Co ltd
Shandong Xingborui Biomass Energy Co.,Ltd.
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Yancheng Institute of Industry Technology
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/08—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters
    • A01D43/081—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters specially adapted for ensilage of maize
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/08—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters
    • A01D43/085—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/12—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with soil-working implements, e.g. ploughs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/14—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with dispensing apparatus, e.g. for fertilisers, herbicides or preservatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • A01D45/028—Harvesting devices mounted to a vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2247/00—Details relating to the separation of dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D2247/10—Means for removing the washing fluid dispersed in the gas or vapours
    • B01D2247/103—Means for removing the washing fluid dispersed in the gas or vapours using fluids, e.g. as a fluid curtain or as large liquid droplets

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent agricultural machinery corn straw treatment integrated harvester which comprises a harvesting mechanism, a crushing assembly, a mixing assembly and an intelligent control system, wherein the crushing assembly is arranged on the harvesting mechanism; the harvesting mechanism comprises a harvesting component, a separator and a straw outlet, wherein the harvesting component is used for cutting off corn straws and sending the corn straws into the separator to separate the corn from the straws, and the straws are sent into the crushing component through the straw outlet to be crushed; the mixing component comprises a soil sampler, a mixer and a water feeder, wherein the soil sampler is used for excavating soil and feeding the soil into the mixer, the crushed straw and the soil are mixed and then output, and the water feeder is used for feeding water into the mixer; the intelligent control system comprises a soil analyzer and a main control module, wherein the main control module is respectively connected with the soil analyzer, the harvesting mechanism, the crushing assembly and the mixing assembly; the soil analyzer is used for detecting and analyzing soil conditions, and the main control module controls the mixing process of the straw and the soil in the mixing assembly according to the soil conditions by adopting a preset algorithm.

Description

Intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk treatment integrated harvester
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and intelligent control, in particular to an intelligent agricultural machinery corn straw treatment integrated harvester.
Background
The corn harvester is an agricultural machine for harvesting corn mechanically according to the agricultural requirements when the corn is mature or nearly mature.
At present, most corn harvesters directly scatter corn straws on the surface of a farmland after finishing collecting corn cobs, patent application No. 202010871501.2 discloses an intelligent agricultural machinery corn straw treatment integrated harvester, which comprises a harvester, a mixing component, a crushing component and a burying component, wherein a straw outlet is formed in the bottom of the harvester, the mixing component also comprises a third air cylinder and a ploughing device, the third air cylinder is fixed at the tail part of the harvester, the ploughing device comprises a dustproof frame, a ploughing roller and a second motor, a brush plate is arranged on the inner side of the dustproof frame, when the harvester is used, the corn is firstly harvested through the harvester, the harvested straws flow out through the straw outlet, the ploughing roller on the ploughing machine is used for mixing the ground straws with soil, the ploughing roller drives the brush plate on the dustproof frame to move when rotating, the brush plate moves to clean the soil adhered to the ploughing roller, the soil is prevented from being adhered to the plowing roller; the crushing assembly comprises a crushing box and a crusher, the crushing box is fixedly connected with the harvester, the crushing box is positioned below the straw outlet, the top of the crushing box is communicated with the straw outlet, and the crusher is connected with the crushing box; bury the subassembly and include first cylinder and play native share shovel, first cylinder can be equipped with two, equal sliding connection in the upper surface of harvester afterbody, and the output of two first cylinders all slides and runs through in the afterbody of harvester, plays native share shovel and can be provided with two, all is located the lower surface of harvester afterbody, two play native share respectively with the output fixed connection of two first cylinders, two play native share shovel all are located one side of crushing case.
The intelligent degree of above-mentioned maize straw processing integration harvester is not high, and variable speed operation adaptation is poor, and can't be right according to the earth condition, can not carry out the adaptability adjustment with the mixture of earth to the straw for the post-treatment effect is not good after the straw is smashed, produces dust pollution easily, can not guarantee the straw treatment quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an intelligent agricultural machine corn straw treatment integrated harvester which comprises a harvesting mechanism, a crushing assembly, a mixing assembly and an intelligent control system, wherein the intelligent control system is connected with the crushing assembly;
the harvesting mechanism comprises a harvesting component, a separator and a straw outlet, wherein the harvesting component is used for cutting off corn straws and sending the corn straws into the separator, the separator is used for separating the corn straws and the straws, and the straws are sent into the crushing component through the straw outlet;
the smashing component is used for smashing the straws;
the mixing assembly comprises a soil sampler, a mixer and a water feeder, the soil sampler is used for excavating soil and feeding the soil into the mixer, the mixer is used for mixing the crushed straw and the soil and then outputting the mixture, and the water feeder is used for feeding water into the mixer;
the intelligent control system comprises a soil analyzer and a main control module, and the main control module is respectively connected with the soil analyzer, the harvesting mechanism, the crushing assembly and the mixing assembly; the soil analyzer is used for detecting and analyzing soil conditions, and the main control module controls the mixing process of the straw and the soil in the mixing assembly according to the soil conditions by adopting a preset algorithm.
Optionally, the crushing assembly comprises a cutting roller knife and a crushing cavity; wherein
The cutting roller cutter comprises a roller shaft and a cutting knife arranged on the roller shaft, the roller shaft is driven by a driving device to rotate, so that the cutting knife cuts the straws into sections, and the sections of straws are conveyed to an inlet of the crushing cavity;
smash intracavity and put reamer and arbor, the screw hole has been seted up at the center of the exit end of reamer, the drill way department of screw hole is equipped with the inner cone, the one end of arbor sets up in the screw hole, and one of arbor is served and is equipped with external screw thread and frustum, the external screw thread cooperatees with the screw thread of screw hole, the frustum cooperatees with the inner cone in screw hole drill way, the other end and the mount of arbor rotate to be connected, the mount outside is equipped with the end cover, the mount is around a plurality of exports of arbor circumference interval arrangement.
Optionally, the harvesting assembly comprises a fixed toothed edge, a movable seat and a movable toothed edge; the movable tooth blade is fixedly connected with the movable seat, the movable tooth blade and the movable seat are positioned above the fixed tooth blade, the movable tooth blade is in contact with the fixed tooth blade, the front ends of the movable tooth blade and the fixed tooth blade are aligned, and the movable tooth blade can transversely slide relative to the fixed tooth blade;
be equipped with the lubricant film between activity serrated edge and the movable seat, be equipped with flexion and straight portion on the lubricant film, flexion and fixed serrated edge contact, the level of straight portion is higher than fixed serrated edge.
Optionally, the main control module is connected with a first weighing meter, the first weighing meter is installed on a conveying line from the crushing assembly to the mixer, and the first weighing meter is used for measuring the weight of the crushed straw.
Optionally, the water feeder includes moisturizing pipe, water tank and water supply governing valve, the moisturizing pipe is installed in the water tank upper end, the delivery pipe is connected to the water tank lower extreme, the water supply governing valve is installed on the delivery pipe, water supply governing valve and host system electric connection, the delivery pipe extends to the blender.
Optionally, the soil sampler is provided with a height adjuster, and the height adjuster is electrically connected with the main control module.
Optionally, still include the furrow shovel, the mixed subassembly is equipped with the discharge gate, the discharge gate sets up at the back end just of geotome, the furrow shovel sets up between geotome and discharge gate, the bottom of furrow shovel is less than the bottom of geotome, the soil pit after the furrow shovel plays the native with the geotome becomes with the zanjon, is backfilled into by the straw of discharge gate output and earth mixture and adds in the zanjon.
Optionally, the built-in desicator of earth analyzer and second weigh the meter, the desicator is dried the earth sample, the second weighs the meter and weighs the earth sample before, after drying, adopts the following formula to calculate the moisture content of earth:
Figure BDA0002948859040000031
in the above formula,. mu.1Representing the water content of the actual soil; w1Representing the sampling quality of soil before drying; w2The sampling quality of the dried soil is shown;
the preset algorithm comprises the following water adding amount algorithm formula:
Figure BDA0002948859040000032
in the above formula, Q represents the amount of water added and has a unit of Kg/s; k represents the water absorption coefficient of the straw; w3Expressing the quality of the straw treated in unit time; gamma represents the mixing ratio of the straw and the soil; mu.s0Showing the set soil water content; mu.s1Representing the water content of the actual soil;
and controlling the opening of the water supply regulating valve by the main control module according to the calculated water adding amount.
Optionally, the preset algorithm includes an earth-taking depth algorithm formula of the earth-taking device:
Figure BDA0002948859040000033
in the above formula, H represents the soil sampling depth; w3Expressing the quality of the straw treated in unit time; gamma represents the mixing ratio of the straw and the soil; ρ represents the density of the dry soil; d represents the average soil sampling width of the soil sampler; v represents the speed of the geotome;
and according to the calculated soil sampling depth, the height adjuster of the main control module adjusts the height of the soil sampler.
Optionally, the main control module analyzes the consistency degree of the soil sampling depth by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0002948859040000041
in the above formula, τiA stability coefficient representing the soil sampling depth of the soil sampler; hAre all made ofRepresenting the average soil borrowing depth; hiRepresenting the soil taking depth of the ith measuring point; n represents the number of measuring points of the soil taking depth;
and if the stability coefficient of the soil sampling depth of the soil sampler is smaller than the preset threshold value, correspondingly correcting the height of the soil sampler according to the stability coefficient.
The intelligent agricultural machine corn straw treatment integrated harvester adopts an intelligent control system comprising a soil analyzer and a main control module, can analyze the soil condition through the soil analyzer, and controls the soil sampling amount by adjusting the height of a soil sampling port according to the set mixing ratio of straws and soil so that the soil sampling amount is adaptive to the corn harvesting speed; can adapt to the condition that there is the variable speed operation in maize harvesting speed for the post-processing effect is better after the straw is smashed, and adds water when mixing, can strengthen the bonding and the adhesive property of straw after the shredding and earth, reduces dust production and dust pollution, promotes the decomposition of follow-up straw, guarantees the straw treatment quality.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk treatment integrated harvester in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a crushing cavity structure of the intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk treatment integrated harvester adopting a crushing assembly in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional exploded view of a harvesting assembly structure adopted by the harvesting mechanism of the intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk processing integrated harvester of the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk treatment integrated harvester, which comprises a harvesting mechanism 1, a crushing assembly 2, a mixing assembly 3 and an intelligent control system 4;
the harvesting mechanism 1 comprises a harvesting component 11, a separator and a straw outlet 12, wherein the harvesting component 11 is used for cutting off corn straws and sending the corn straws into the separator, the separator is used for separating the corn straws and the straws, and the straws are sent into the crushing component 2 through the straw outlet 12;
the crushing assembly 2 is used for crushing the straws;
the mixing component 3 comprises a soil sampler 31, a mixer and a water feeder 32, wherein the soil sampler 31 is used for excavating soil and feeding the soil into the mixer, the mixer is used for mixing crushed straws with the soil and then outputting the mixture, and the water feeder 32 is used for adding water into the mixer;
the intelligent control system 4 comprises a soil analyzer and a main control module, and the main control module is respectively connected with the soil analyzer, the harvesting mechanism 1, the crushing assembly 2 and the mixing assembly 3; the soil analyzer is used for detecting and analyzing soil conditions, and the main control module controls the mixing process of the straws and the soil in the mixing component 2 according to the soil conditions by adopting a preset algorithm.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the soil analyzer in the scheme can be arranged at the soil sampler, and soil sampling is obtained through the soil sampler and is analyzed; according to the invention, by adopting an intelligent control system comprising a soil analyzer and a main control module, the soil condition can be analyzed through the soil analyzer, and the soil sampling amount is controlled by adjusting the height of a soil sampling port according to the set mixing ratio of straw to soil, so that the soil sampling amount is adaptive to the corn harvesting speed; can adapt to the condition that there is the variable speed operation in maize harvesting speed for the post-processing effect is better after the straw is smashed, and adds water when mixing, can strengthen the bonding and the adhesive property of straw after the shredding and earth, reduces dust production and dust pollution, promotes the decomposition of follow-up straw, guarantees the straw treatment quality.
In one embodiment, the size reduction assembly 2 comprises a cutting roller blade 21 and a size reduction chamber 22; wherein
The cutting roller knife 21 comprises a roller shaft and a cutting knife arranged on the roller shaft, the roller shaft is driven by a driving device to rotate, so that the cutting knife cuts the straws into sections, and the sections of straws are sent to an inlet 23 of the crushing cavity;
smash chamber 22 built-in reamer 24 and arbor 25, the screw hole is seted up at the center of reamer 24's exit end, the drill way department of screw hole is equipped with the inner conical surface, the one end of arbor 25 sets up in the screw hole, and one of arbor 25 is served and is equipped with external screw thread and frustum, the screw thread of external screw thread and screw hole cooperatees, the frustum cooperatees with the inner conical surface in screw hole drill way, the other end and the mount 26 of arbor 25 rotate to be connected, the mount 26 outside is equipped with end cover 27, a plurality of exports 28 are arranged around arbor 25 circumference interval to mount 26.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the crushing unit that this scheme adopted includes cutting roller sword and crushing chamber, and cutting roller sword cuts the segmentation to the straw earlier, sends into the straw after the segmentation again and smashes the chamber, does further shredding to it by smashing the built-in reamer in chamber, makes the straw of output more broken in small, broken bits after two steps of repairs, can strengthen follow-up cohesiveness mixed with earth, promotes follow-up decomposition for organic fertility release speed.
In one embodiment, the harvesting assembly comprises a fixed toothed edge 13, a movable seat 15 and a movable toothed edge 14; the movable tooth blade 14 is fixedly connected with the movable seat 15, the movable tooth blade 14 and the movable seat 15 are positioned above the fixed tooth blade 13, the movable tooth blade 14 is in contact with the fixed tooth blade 13, the front ends of the movable tooth blade and the fixed tooth blade are aligned, and the movable tooth blade 14 can transversely slide relative to the fixed tooth blade 13;
a lubricating layer 16 is arranged between the movable tooth edge 14 and the movable seat 15, a bending portion 17 and a straight portion are arranged on the lubricating layer 16, the bending portion 17 is in contact with the fixed tooth edge 13, and the horizontal height of the straight portion is higher than that of the fixed tooth edge 13.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the fixed toothed blade and the movable toothed blade are relatively slid, and the corn straw is harvested by shearing force, so that the harvesting efficiency can be improved, and the harvesting speed is accelerated; on the other hand, the power consumption of harvesting can be reduced, and energy is saved; and a lubricating layer is arranged between the movable tooth blade and the movable seat, so that the failure rate can be reduced, and the loss and the maintenance cost can be reduced.
In one embodiment, the main control module is connected with a first weighing meter, the first weighing meter is arranged on a transmission line from the crushing assembly 2 to the mixer, and the first weighing meter is used for measuring the weight of the crushed straw; the water feeder 32 comprises a water supplementing pipe, a water tank and a water supply regulating valve, wherein the water supplementing pipe is arranged at the upper end of the water tank, the lower end of the water tank is connected with a water supply pipe, the water supply regulating valve is arranged on the water supply pipe, the water supply regulating valve is electrically connected with the main control module, and the water supply pipe extends to the mixer; the soil sampler 31 is provided with a height adjuster, and the height adjuster is electrically connected with the main control module.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the soil sampler in the scheme can adopt a plough shovel, the height adjuster can adopt a rotary screw rod, and the water replenishing pipe can be connected with a water source through a hose; the straw is measured by the first weighing meter, so that visual and quantitative parameter support is provided for subsequent mixing process control, accurate adjustment of soil sampling amount and water amount is facilitated, accurate control of mixing proportion is facilitated, processing energy consumption can be reduced, cohesiveness is improved, subsequent decomposition is promoted, and organic fertility release speed of the straw is accelerated.
In one embodiment, the soil filling device further comprises a furrow shovel, the mixing assembly 3 is provided with a discharge hole, the discharge hole is formed in the front rear end of the soil sampler 31, the furrow shovel is arranged between the soil sampler 31 and the discharge hole, the bottom of the furrow shovel is lower than the bottom of the soil sampler 31, a soil pit formed after the soil sampler lifts soil is changed into a deep filling groove by the furrow shovel, and a straw and soil mixture output by the discharge hole is backfilled into the deep filling groove.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the discharge hole of the mixing assembly is formed in the front rear end of the soil sampler, the furrow shovel is arranged between the soil sampler and the discharge hole, the soil pit after soil sampling is deepened to form a deep groove, so that no protrusion is formed after mixture backfilling is adopted, the exposed area of the mixture is reduced, the water evaporation of the mixture is reduced, straw decomposition is promoted, the organic fertility release speed of the straw is accelerated, and the loss of decomposed and released organic fertility is avoided; the mixer of the mixing assembly may include a mixing tank and an agitator disposed within the mixing tank.
In one embodiment, the soil analyzer is internally provided with a dryer and a second weighing meter, the dryer is used for drying the soil samples, the second weighing meter is used for weighing the soil samples before and after drying, and the water content of the soil is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0002948859040000071
in the above formula,. mu.1Representing the water content of the actual soil; w1Representing the sampling quality of soil before drying; w2The sampling quality of the dried soil is shown;
the preset algorithm comprises the following water adding amount algorithm formula:
Figure BDA0002948859040000072
in the above formula, Q represents the water addition amount, and the unit is Kg/s; k represents the water absorption coefficient of the straw; w3Expressing the quality of the straw treated in unit time; gamma represents the mixing ratio of the straw and the soil; mu.s0Showing the set soil water content; mu.s1Representing the water content of the actual soil;
and controlling the opening of the water supply regulating valve by the main control module according to the calculated water adding amount.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: this scheme adopts the moisture content of earth analysis earth, through the water yield algorithm formula that adds in presetting the algorithm, calculates the required water yield that adds when mixing to carry out accurate control to the governing valve that supplies water, both reached the reinforcing and mix the cohesiveness and promote the purpose that the straw decomposes, avoid the unreasonable increase of mixed treatment volume again to handle the energy consumption.
In one embodiment, the preset algorithm comprises an earth-borrowing depth algorithm formula of the earth-borrowing device:
Figure BDA0002948859040000081
in the above formula, H represents the soil sampling depth; w3Expressing the quality of the straw treated in unit time; gamma represents the mixing ratio of the straw and the soil; ρ represents the density of the dry soil; d represents the average soil sampling width of the soil sampler; v represents the speed of the geotome;
and according to the calculated soil sampling depth, the height adjuster of the main control module adjusts the height of the soil sampler.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the soil quantity required by the corresponding straw is calculated through a soil sampling depth algorithm formula in a preset algorithm, and the mixing ratio of the straw and the soil, the density of the dry soil and the average soil sampling width of the soil sampler can be preset; the speed of the soil sampler is consistent with the advancing speed of the corn stalk processing integrated harvester during corn harvesting operation, so that the soil amount for mixing is accurately controlled, the purposes of enhancing the mixing cohesiveness and promoting the decomposition of the stalks are achieved, and the unreasonable increase of the mixing processing amount and the processing energy consumption are avoided.
In one embodiment, the main control module analyzes the consistency degree of the soil sampling depth by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0002948859040000082
in the above formula, τiA stability coefficient representing the soil sampling depth of the soil sampler; hAre all made ofRepresenting the average soil borrowing depth; hiRepresenting the soil taking depth of the ith measuring point; n represents the number of measuring points of the soil taking depth;
and if the stability coefficient of the soil sampling depth of the soil sampler is smaller than the preset threshold value, correspondingly correcting the height of the soil sampler according to the stability coefficient.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the scheme is characterized by the consistency of the soil sampling depthAnalyzing the degree, calculating a stability coefficient of the soil sampling depth by using the formula, wherein the closer the stability coefficient is to 1, the higher the consistency degree of the surface soil sampling depth is, comparing the stability coefficient with a preset threshold, and if the stability coefficient is smaller than the preset threshold, the consistency degree is not high, which may cause poor bonding degree and adverse effect on decomposition of corn stalks due to influence on the mixing ratio, so that the soil sampling depth needs to be adjusted according to the stability coefficient, for example: the correction amount of the soil sampling depth can be (1-tau) of the original soil sampling depthi) The correction direction can be based on (H)i-HAre all made of) If the positive value is positive, the soil sampling depth needs to be reduced, otherwise, the soil sampling depth needs to be increased, so that the straw treatment effect is guaranteed.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (9)

1. An intelligent agricultural machine corn straw treatment integrated harvester is characterized by comprising a harvesting mechanism, a crushing assembly, a mixing assembly and an intelligent control system;
the harvesting mechanism comprises a harvesting component, a separator and a straw outlet, wherein the harvesting component is used for cutting off corn straws and sending the corn straws into the separator, the separator is used for separating the corn straws and the straws, and the straws are sent into the crushing component through the straw outlet;
the smashing component is used for smashing the straws;
the mixing assembly comprises a soil sampler, a mixer and a water feeder, the soil sampler is used for excavating soil and feeding the soil into the mixer, the mixer is used for mixing the crushed straw and the soil and then outputting the mixture, and the water feeder is used for feeding water into the mixer;
the intelligent control system comprises a soil analyzer and a main control module, and the main control module is respectively connected with the soil analyzer, the harvesting mechanism, the crushing assembly and the mixing assembly; the soil analyzer is used for detecting and analyzing soil conditions, and the main control module controls the mixing process of the straws and the soil in the mixing assembly according to the soil conditions by adopting a preset algorithm;
the soil analyzer is internally provided with a dryer and a second weighing meter, the dryer is used for drying soil samples, the second weighing meter is used for weighing the soil samples before and after drying, and the water content of the soil is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0003193337010000011
in the above formula,. mu.1Representing the water content of the actual soil; w1Representing the sampling quality of soil before drying; w2The sampling quality of the dried soil is shown;
the preset algorithm comprises the following water adding amount algorithm formula:
Figure FDA0003193337010000012
in the above formula, Q represents the water addition amount, and the unit is Kg/s; k represents the water absorption coefficient of the straw; w3Expressing the quality of the straw treated in unit time; gamma represents the mixing ratio of the straw and the soil; mu.s0Showing the set soil water content; mu.s1Representing the water content of the actual soil;
and controlling the opening of the water supply regulating valve by the main control module according to the calculated water adding amount.
2. The smart agricultural machine corn stalk processing integrated harvester of claim 1, wherein the shredding assembly includes a cutting roller knife and a shredding chamber; wherein
The cutting roller cutter comprises a roller shaft and a cutting knife arranged on the roller shaft, the roller shaft is driven by a driving device to rotate, so that the cutting knife cuts the straws into sections, and the sections of straws are conveyed to an inlet of the crushing cavity;
smash intracavity and put reamer and arbor, the screw hole has been seted up at the center of the exit end of reamer, the drill way department of screw hole is equipped with the inner cone, the one end of arbor sets up in the screw hole, and one of arbor is served and is equipped with external screw thread and frustum, the external screw thread cooperatees with the screw thread of screw hole, the frustum cooperatees with the inner cone in screw hole drill way, the other end and the mount of arbor rotate to be connected, the mount outside is equipped with the end cover, the mount is around a plurality of exports of arbor circumference interval arrangement.
3. The smart agricultural machine corn stalk processing integrated harvester according to claim 1, wherein the harvesting assembly includes a fixed toothed edge, a movable seat and a movable toothed edge; the movable tooth blade is fixedly connected with the movable seat, the movable tooth blade and the movable seat are positioned above the fixed tooth blade, the movable tooth blade is in contact with the fixed tooth blade, the front ends of the movable tooth blade and the fixed tooth blade are aligned, and the movable tooth blade can transversely slide relative to the fixed tooth blade;
be equipped with the lubricant film between activity serrated edge and the movable seat, be equipped with flexion and straight portion on the lubricant film, flexion and fixed serrated edge contact, the level of straight portion is higher than fixed serrated edge.
4. The intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk processing integrated harvester according to claim 1, wherein the main control module is connected with a first weight meter, the first weight meter is installed on a transmission line from the crushing assembly to the mixer, and the first weight meter is used for measuring the weight of the crushed stalks.
5. The intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk processing integrated harvester according to claim 4, wherein the water feeder comprises a water feeding pipe, a water tank and a water supply regulating valve, the water feeding pipe is installed at the upper end of the water tank, the lower end of the water tank is connected with a water supply pipe, the water supply regulating valve is installed on the water supply pipe, the water supply regulating valve is electrically connected with the main control module, and the water supply pipe extends to the mixer.
6. The intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk processing integrated harvester of claim 4, wherein the soil sampler is provided with a height adjuster, and the height adjuster is electrically connected with the main control module.
7. The intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk processing integrated harvester according to claim 1, further comprising a furrow shovel, wherein the mixing component is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is arranged at the front rear end of the soil sampler, the furrow shovel is arranged between the soil sampler and the discharge port, the bottom of the furrow shovel is lower than the bottom of the soil sampler, a soil pit of the soil sampler after soil is lifted by the furrow shovel is changed into a deep groove, and a mixture of straw and soil output by the discharge port is backfilled into the deep groove.
8. The intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk processing integrated harvester of claim 6, wherein the preset algorithm comprises an earth-taking depth algorithm formula of an earth-taking device:
Figure FDA0003193337010000031
in the above formula, H represents the soil sampling depth; w3Expressing the quality of the straw treated in unit time; gamma represents the mixing ratio of the straw and the soil; ρ represents the density of the dry soil; d represents the average soil sampling width of the soil sampler; v represents the speed of the geotome;
and according to the calculated soil sampling depth, the height adjuster of the main control module adjusts the height of the soil sampler.
9. The intelligent agricultural machine corn stalk processing integrated harvester of claim 8, wherein the main control module analyzes the consistency degree of the soil sampling depth by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0003193337010000032
in the above formula, τiA stability coefficient representing the soil sampling depth of the soil sampler; hAre all made ofRepresenting the average soil borrowing depth; hiRepresenting the soil taking depth of the ith measuring point; n represents the number of measuring points of the soil taking depth;
and if the stability coefficient of the soil sampling depth of the soil sampler is smaller than the preset threshold value, correspondingly correcting the height of the soil sampler according to the stability coefficient.
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