CN112915673A - Purification assembly and filtering device using same - Google Patents

Purification assembly and filtering device using same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112915673A
CN112915673A CN202110111394.8A CN202110111394A CN112915673A CN 112915673 A CN112915673 A CN 112915673A CN 202110111394 A CN202110111394 A CN 202110111394A CN 112915673 A CN112915673 A CN 112915673A
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China
Prior art keywords
filter screen
spinning
air
filter
purification assembly
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CN202110111394.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
俞辉
高婷婷
郑军妹
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Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
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Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110111394.8A priority Critical patent/CN112915673A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B01D46/12—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces in multiple arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0001—Making filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B01D46/0032—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions using electrostatic forces to remove particles, e.g. electret filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
    • B01D46/521—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
    • B01D46/525—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material which comprises flutes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a purification assembly and a filtering device using the same, wherein the purification assembly comprises a first filter screen made of PET materials, a second filter screen with electrostatic charges and a third filter screen capable of releasing negative ions, which are sequentially stacked, the third filter screen comprises a nanofiber structure made by electrostatic spinning, and negative ion powder is added into spinning solution for spinning the third filter screen. The spinning solution for spinning the third filter screen is added with negative ion powder, the air around the negative ion powder is ionized to form negative ions, bacteria in the air are killed, the feeling of spaciousness and joyful is given to people, and the negative ions can be generated without electrifying high voltage; and the generation of negative ions can simultaneously perform secondary electret on the second filter screen with electrostatic charges, so that the second filter screen can supplement static again after static electricity is lost, and the filtering efficiency of the particles and the dust holding capacity of the particles are greatly improved.

Description

Purification assembly and filtering device using same
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air purification, and particularly relates to a purification assembly and a filtering device using the same.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy, the haze problem is increasingly prominent in recent years, and the haze problem becomes the focus of attention of people. Fine particles suspended in haze can enter the lung and cardiovascular system of a human body through a respiratory system, so that the problems of reduction of human immunity, lung cancer and the like are caused, and therefore, the air purifier is increasingly used.
The air purifier is usually provided with a plurality of layers of filter screens, as shown in the 'high-efficiency air purifier' disclosed in the Chinese utility model with the patent number of CN201922381199.8 (the publication number is CN211424576U), the air purifier is composed of an equipment body, an air inlet, an air outlet, an air draft motor, a one-level filter plate, an active carbon adsorption plate, a silver catalyst filter screen, an electrostatic dust collector, a HEPA filter screen and an anion generator, wherein the bottom air exhauster sends air into the equipment box body from the air supply outlet, the air passes through a multi-layer purification and filtration and sterilization device arranged inside the box body to achieve better air purification effect, and further, the air enters the box body from the air inlet and then passes through the one-level filter screen to filter larger dust and impurity particles, then enters the active carbon filter plate to further filter fine impurity separators in the air, and then the silver catalyst filter screen can effectively filter formaldehyde, Viruses and even peculiar smell and the like, then the viruses and even peculiar smell pass through an electrostatic dust collector in the air cavity, suspended particles which are 5 times smaller than PM2.5 pollutants and large-particle pollutants are effectively filtered, various viruses and various harmful substances are killed, when an HEPA filter plate is introduced, the harmful substances such as PM2.5 and the like can be effectively filtered, and then the harmful substances are introduced into the air cavity provided with an anion generator, the anion generator generates anions, oxygen molecules in the purified air are effectively activated, so that the oxygen molecules are more active, the function of manufacturing active oxygen is realized, and finally the active oxygen flows into the room through an air outlet of the equipment.
The air purifier adopts an electrostatic dust collector, so that the cost is high, and the electrostatic dust collection is a process of electrifying dust through high-voltage discharge, so that ozone is easily generated; in addition, the conventional negative ion generating mode of the negative ion generator is that the probe or the carbon brush releases negative ions under the condition of high voltage, the concentration of the negative ions which are usually released is low, if the negative ions with high concentration need to be obtained, the voltage needs to be increased, higher requirements are provided for the safety and the cost of the product, meanwhile, the negative ions are usually matched with an HEPA filter screen in the field of air purification to improve the purification efficiency, but along with the failure of the HEPA filter screen, the purification efficiency is gradually weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a purification component capable of performing graded filtration aiming at the current situation of the prior art.
A second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a purification assembly capable of generating negative ions without applying high voltage, in view of the current state of the prior art.
A third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cleaning assembly capable of supplementing charges to a filter screen with electrostatic charges, in view of the current situation of the prior art.
The fourth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a filtering apparatus using the above-mentioned purifying assembly, aiming at the current situation of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the first three technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a purify subassembly, its characterized in that includes the first filter screen of the PET material that superposes in proper order, the second filter screen that has electrostatic charge and the third filter screen that can release the anion, and this third filter screen includes the nanofiber structure who makes through electrostatic spinning, adds anion powder in the spinning liquid of spinning the third filter screen.
The negative ions are also called negative oxygen ions, refer to oxygen ions with negative charges and acquiring redundant electrons, are widely applied in the field of air purification, can be combined with particles in the air to form larger particles, and are easier to filter by a filter screen.
In the above scheme, the preparation method of the third filter screen comprises the following steps:
(1) adding nanometer anion powder into an organic solvent, performing ultrasonic dispersion until the particle size of the nanometer anion powder is 20-50 nm, then adding a polymer, uniformly stirring at 40-80 ℃, standing and cooling to prepare a spinning solution with the concentration of 5-20 wt%;
the polymer is at least one of polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl butyral, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, nylon, polycarbonate and polyether sulfone;
(2) and (3) taking the non-woven fabric as a collecting base fabric, filling the spinning solution into a needle tube, and carrying out electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution to obtain a nanofiber membrane stacked on the non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane jointly form the third filter screen.
Preferably, the electrostatic spinning method comprises the following steps: adjusting spinning parameters to be 10-25 KV, enabling the distance between the electrode wire and the collector to be 5-30 cm, enabling the liquid supply speed to be 10-200 ul/min, enabling the rotation speed of the collector to be 300-3000 rpm, enabling the spinning temperature to be 20-30 ℃ and enabling the humidity to be 40-70%.
Preferably, the organic solvent is at least one of N, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone.
In order to increase the area of each filter screen and improve the filtering efficiency, the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen are all folded to be the shape of repeated folds.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the fourth technical problem is as follows: the utility model provides an use filter equipment of above-mentioned purification assembly which characterized in that: the filter equipment includes the casing, be equipped with air intake and air outlet on the casing, be equipped with the fan that blows off the air current from the air intake introduction and towards the air outlet in the casing, first filter screen, second filter screen and third filter screen set gradually in air outlet department along the air current flow direction.
In order to relieve the phenomenon of turbulent flow of the air flow, a grid net is arranged in the shell, the grid net is transversely arranged and is positioned between the fan and the purification component along the flow path of the air flow. The grid net plays a role in uniform diversion, and phenomena such as air turbulence and the like are reduced after diversion, so that the wind resistance loss is smaller.
Preferably, a heating element positioned between the fan and the grid net is arranged in the shell. After the air passes through the heating element, the temperature of air promotes to about 20-30 ℃, because the rise of temperature for the inside brownian motion of air aggravates, and the random motion is done to the particulate matter more violently, then collides the reunion each other, makes the particulate matter of superfine particulate matter reunion great particle diameter, changes to be filtered by the filter screen of low reaches, reduces nanofiber filter screen's operating pressure, prolongs nanofiber filter screen's life-span.
In order to further reduce the working pressure of the purification component, a fourth filter screen capable of filtering particulate matters with the particle size larger than PM2.5 is arranged between the grating net and the purification component. The quantity of the particles passing through the fourth filter screen is greatly reduced, and the filtering pressure of the purifying assembly is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: 1. the third filter screen is of a nanofiber structure, has high specific surface area and high porosity, and can obviously enhance the interception effect on micro particles; 2. the spinning solution for spinning the third filter screen is added with negative ion powder, the air around the negative ion powder is ionized to form negative ions, bacteria in the air are killed, the feeling of spaciousness and joyful is given to people, and the negative ions can be generated without electrifying high voltage; the second filter screen with the electrostatic charge can be subjected to secondary electret during the generation of the negative ions, so that the second filter screen can be replenished with static electricity after the static electricity is lost, and the filtering efficiency of the particles and the dust holding capacity of the particles are greatly improved; 3. the purifying component comprises a first filter screen made of PET materials, a second filter screen with electrostatic charges and a third filter screen with a nanofiber structure which are sequentially stacked, the first filter screen can filter particles above PM10, and can support the second filter screen and the third filter screen; the second filter screen has enough electrostatic charges in an initial state, particulate matters between PM1.0 and PM10 can be fully filtered, so that the filtering efficiency is greatly improved, and the second filter screen can be recycled due to continuous supplement of the electrostatic charges; the third filter screen can obviously enhance the interception effect on the tiny particulate matters and can fully filter the tiny particulate matters between PM0.1 and PM 1.0; through the design of the three layers of filter screens, the three layers of filter screens can correspondingly filter particles with different particle sizes, so that graded filtering is realized, and the filtering efficiency of the integral purification assembly is greatly improved; and because the third filter screen independently releases the ability of anion for the second filter screen possesses certain inefficacy reviving's function, and third filter screen upper reaches have first filter screen to carry out primary filtration and the filterable protection of intermediate level with the second filter screen respectively, the life-span of extension third filter screen by a wide margin, and the particulate matter of whole filter screen holds the promotion that the dirt volume also can several times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a filtration apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic view of the purification assembly of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the grid mesh of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fourth screen of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of electrospinning;
FIG. 7 is an SEM image of a first screen of example 1;
FIG. 8 is an SEM image of a second screen of example 1;
FIG. 9 is an SEM image of a third screen of example 1;
FIG. 10 is an SEM image of a third screen of example 2;
fig. 11 is an SEM image of the third screen of example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the filtering apparatus of the preferred embodiment includes a housing 1, a blower 2, a purifying assembly 3, a grid net 4, a heating element 5, and a fourth filter screen 6.
Be equipped with air intake 11 and air outlet 12 on casing 1, be formed with in the casing 1 and filter the passageway, should filter the passageway and enclose by a plurality of frameworks, it introduces the fan 2 that blows off towards air outlet 12 from air intake 11 to be equipped with the air current in the passageway, along the direction of the flow of air current, still be equipped with in the filtration passageway and set gradually heating member 5 in the low reaches of fan 2, grid net 4, fourth filter screen 6 and purification unit 3, fan 2, heating member 5, grid net 4, fourth filter screen 6 and purification unit 3 are all fixed to be set up in the framework.
The grille net 4 is arranged transversely as shown in fig. 2, and the air flow passes through the openings of the grille net 4. In the present embodiment, the heating member 5 is a PTC heating member 5.
The purifying assembly 3 comprises a first filter 31 made of PET, a second filter 32 with electrostatic charges, and a third filter 33 capable of releasing negative ions, which are stacked in sequence. The first filter screen 31 mainly functions to filter particulate matters above PM10 and support the second filter screen 32 and the third filter screen 33, the second filter screen 32 is composed of high-dust-containing electrostatic cotton, the high-dust-containing electrostatic cotton is formed by carding PP material short fibers, needling the high-dust-containing electrostatic cotton into a net, and then performing electrostatic electret treatment on the high-dust-containing electrostatic cotton to enable the electrostatic cotton to have enough electrostatic charges in an initial state. The third filter net 33 is a nanofiber structure manufactured by electrostatic spinning, and negative ion powder is added to the spinning solution for spinning the third filter net 33.
In the present embodiment, each of the first screen 31, the first screen 31 and the third screen 33 is folded in a shape of repeated folds, preferably in a wave shape, that is, a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys alternate, the peaks facing upstream and the valleys facing downstream. Therefore, the air flow collector can have a larger contact area with the air flow, and is beneficial to collecting particulate matters.
The working process of the filter device of the embodiment is as follows:
the fan 2 inhales air containing harmful substances such as particulate matters, the air flows towards the air outlet 12, after passing through the PTC heating element 5, the temperature of the air is raised to about 20-30 ℃, due to the rising of the temperature, the Brownian motion inside the air is intensified, the particulate matters move more violently and irregularly, then the particulate matters collide and agglomerate with each other, the ultrafine particulate matters agglomerate into the particulate matters with larger particle size, then the air is uniformly shunted through the metal grid net 4, the air is shunted and passed through the air, the phenomena of turbulence and the like of the air are reduced after shunting, and the wind resistance loss is smaller; then, the air passes through the fourth filter screen 6, the filtering efficiency can reach 80-90%, particulate matters larger than PM2.5 can be basically filtered, and other extremely fine particulate matters can be filtered by the fourth filter screen 6 after being agglomerated, so that the number of the particulate matters passing through the fourth filter screen 6 is greatly reduced, and the filtering pressure of the purifying assembly 3 is reduced;
the air flows to the purification component 3 after passing through the fourth filter screen 6, the first filter screen 31 can filter particles above PM10 and can support the second filter screen 32 and the third filter screen 33, and the first filter screen 31 further filters particles with large particle size on the basis of the fourth filter screen 6; the second filter screen 32 has enough electrostatic charges in the initial state, and can fully filter particulate matters between PM1.0 and PM10, so that the filtering efficiency is greatly improved, and the electrostatic charges are continuously supplemented, so that the second filter screen can be recycled; the third filter screen 33 can obviously enhance the interception effect on the micro particles, can fully filter the ultra-fine particles between PM0.1 and PM1.0, and the third filter screen 33 can release negative ions, and the generated negative ions can be more under the thermal action of the heating element 5, and the filtering efficiency on the PM0.3 ultra-fine particles under the outstanding advantages of high specific surface area and ultra-fine diameter of the third filter screen and the action of the negative ions can reach more than 99.95%.
A plurality of filter screens are arranged at the upstream of the third filter screen 33, such as a first filter screen, a second filter screen and a fourth filter screen, the previous coarse filtration is responsible for removing large particles, and the large particles account for most of the large particles in the air, so that the nano fibers cannot be blocked or seriously polluted as long as the nano fibers are responsible for intercepting the particles with smaller particle size, and the lasting of the functions of the nano fibers (including negative ion release and particle interception) is facilitated.
The preparation method of the third filter screen 33 of this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) adding 0.4g of nano anion powder (Shijiazhuang Huabang mineral products, Inc.) into 90g of N, N-dimethylformamide DMF (dimethyl formamide), performing ultrasonic dispersion for 40min, detecting by using a particle size dispersion instrument after dispersion is finished, wherein the particle size distribution of the nano anion powder is 20-50 nm, adding 9.6g of polyvinyl butyral PVB (Shandong Kepler Biotech, Inc.), uniformly stirring at 40 ℃, standing and cooling for 12h to prepare a spinning solution with the concentration of 10 wt%, wherein the viscosity of the spinning solution is 1100mPa & s;
(2) the non-woven fabric is taken as a collection base fabric, the collection base fabric is covered on a collector 71, the spinning solution is filled into a needle tube 72, the spinning solution is subjected to electrostatic spinning (refer to the schematic diagram of fig. 6), the spinning parameter is adjusted to be 10KV, the distance D between an electrode wire and the collection base fabric is 8cm, the liquid supply speed is 30ul/min, the rotating speed of the collector is 3000rpm, the spinning temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 40%, the nanofiber membrane accumulated on the non-woven fabric is obtained, and the non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane jointly form the third filter screen 33.
In this embodiment, the filtering efficiency of the whole device is 99.980%, as shown in fig. 7, the diameter of the first filter 31 is 50-150 um, as shown in fig. 8, the diameter of the second filter 32 is 1-3 um, as shown in fig. 9, and the diameter of the third filter 33 is 200-400 nm.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that:
the preparation method of the third filter screen 33 of this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) adding 1.3g of nano negative ion powder into 85g of N, N-dimethylformamide DMF (N-dimethylformamide), ultrasonically dispersing for 40min, detecting by using a particle size disperser after dispersion is finished, wherein the particle size of the nano negative ion powder is 20-50 nm, then adding 13.7g of polyacrylonitrile PAN (Hubei De super chemical Co., Ltd.), uniformly stirring at 40 ℃, standing and cooling for 12h to prepare 15 wt% spinning solution, wherein the viscosity of the spinning solution is 1100 mPas;
(2) and (2) taking a non-woven fabric as a collection base fabric, covering the collection base fabric on a collector, filling the spinning solution into a needle tube, performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution, adjusting the spinning parameter to be 16.5KV, adjusting the distance between an electrode wire and the collection base fabric to be 12cm, adjusting the liquid supply speed to be 50ul/min, the rotating speed of the collector to be 3000rpm, the spinning temperature to be 25 ℃ and the humidity to be 40%, obtaining a nanofiber membrane stacked on the non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane jointly form the third filter screen 33.
In this embodiment, the filtration efficiency of whole device is 99.994%, and first filter screen 31 diameter is at 50 ~ 150um, and second filter screen 32 diameter is at 1 ~ 3um, and third filter screen 33 diameter is at 200 ~ 400nm, refers to figure 10.
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that:
the preparation method of the third filter screen 33 of this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) adding 1.9g of nano negative ion powder into 85g of N, N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) 80g of organic solvent, ultrasonically dispersing for 40min, detecting by using a particle size dispersion instrument after dispersion is finished, wherein the particle size of the nano negative ion powder is 20-50 nm, adding 18.1g of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) (Suweite polymer Co., Ltd.), uniformly stirring at 40 ℃, standing and cooling for 12h to prepare a spinning solution with the concentration of 20 wt%, wherein the viscosity of the spinning solution is 1950mPa & s;
(2) and (2) taking a non-woven fabric as a collection base fabric, covering the collection base fabric on a collector, filling the spinning solution into a needle tube, performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution, adjusting the spinning parameter to be 19KV, adjusting the distance between an electrode wire and the collection base fabric to be 15cm, adjusting the liquid supply speed to be 100ul/min, the rotating speed of the collector to be 3000rpm, the spinning temperature to be 25 ℃ and the humidity to be 40% to obtain a nanofiber membrane accumulated on the non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane jointly form the third filter screen 33.
In this embodiment, the filtration efficiency of whole device is 99.997%, and first filter screen 31 diameter is at 50 ~ 150um, and second filter screen 32 diameter is at 1 ~ 3um, and third filter screen 33 diameter is at 200 ~ 400nm, refers to FIG. 11.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that:
the preparation method of the third filter screen 33 of this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) adding 0.4g of nano anion powder into 90g of N, N-dimethylformamide DMF (dimethyl formamide), performing ultrasonic dispersion for 40min, detecting by using a particle size dispersion instrument after dispersion is finished, wherein the particle size of the nano anion powder is 20-50 nm, adding 9.6g of polyvinyl butyral PVB, uniformly stirring at 80 ℃, standing and cooling for 12h to prepare a spinning solution with the concentration of 10 wt%, wherein the viscosity of the spinning solution is 1100mPa & s;
(2) and (2) taking a non-woven fabric as a collection base fabric, covering the collection base fabric on a collector, filling the spinning solution into a needle tube, performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution, adjusting the spinning parameter to be 25KV, adjusting the distance between an electrode wire and the collection base fabric to be 5cm, adjusting the liquid supply speed to be 10ul/min, the rotating speed of the collector to be 300rpm, the spinning temperature to be 20 ℃ and the humidity to be 70%, obtaining a nanofiber membrane accumulated on the non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane jointly form the third filter screen 33.
In this embodiment, the filtering efficiency of the whole device is 99.983%, the diameter of the first filter screen 31 is 50-150 um, the diameter of the second filter screen 32 is 1-3 um, and the diameter of the third filter screen 33 is 200-400 nm.
Example 5
Example 5 differs from example 1 in that:
the preparation method of the third filter screen 33 of this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) adding 0.4g of nano anion powder into 90g of N, N-dimethylformamide DMF (dimethyl formamide), performing ultrasonic dispersion for 40min, detecting by using a particle size dispersion instrument after dispersion is finished, wherein the particle size of the nano anion powder is 20-50 nm, adding 9.6g of polyvinyl butyral PVB, uniformly stirring at 60 ℃, standing and cooling for 12h to prepare a spinning solution with the concentration of 10 wt%, wherein the viscosity of the spinning solution is 1100mPa & s;
(2) and (2) taking a non-woven fabric as a collection base fabric, covering the collection base fabric on a collector, filling the spinning solution into a needle tube, performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution, adjusting the spinning parameter to be 15KV, adjusting the distance between an electrode wire and the collection base fabric to be 30cm, adjusting the liquid supply speed to be 200ul/min, the rotating speed of the collector to be 1000rpm, the spinning temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 55%, obtaining a nanofiber membrane accumulated on the non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane jointly form the third filter screen 33.
In this embodiment, the filtration efficiency of the whole device is 99.991%, the diameter of the first filter screen 31 is 50-150 um, the diameter of the second filter screen 32 is 1-3 um, and the diameter of the third filter screen 33 is 200-400 nm.
The method for testing the filtering efficiency of the whole device comprises the following steps:
refer to national standard GBT 18801-2015 appendix B clean air volume particulate matter test method
In the method, 3m3The experiment chamber takes cigarette smoke as a dust source polluted by particulate matters, and obtains the variation trend of the attenuation constant k and the variation of the concentration of the particulate matters along with the time and the complex exponential function through a natural attenuation experiment of the particulate matters.
C0t＝C0e -kt
C0tTest chamber particle concentration at time t (without filter)
C0Initial particulate matter concentration at time t ═ 0
k-decay constant
t-time
Putting the filter device of the whole purification assembly into an experiment chamber, starting a fan of the device, lighting cigarettes, starting a fan of the experiment chamber to stir the particles uniformly, turning off the fan when the concentration of 0.3um particles is 2 multiplied by 106 to 2 multiplied by 107 particles/L, and recording the concentration as C0And the concentration Ct (passing through the filtering device) of the experimental chamber is detected at the moment t, and the filtering efficiency eta is obtained through the change of the concentration of the particles before and after the particles
η＝(1-Ct/C0t)×100％。

Claims (9)

1. The purification assembly is characterized by comprising a first filter screen (31) made of PET materials, a second filter screen (32) with electrostatic charges and a third filter screen (33) capable of releasing negative ions, wherein the first filter screen (31), the second filter screen (32) and the third filter screen (33) are sequentially stacked, the third filter screen (33) comprises a nanofiber structure made through electrostatic spinning, and negative ion powder is added into spinning liquid for spinning the third filter screen (33).
2. The purification assembly of claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the third filter screen (33) comprises the following steps:
(1) adding nanometer anion powder into an organic solvent, performing ultrasonic dispersion until the particle size of the nanometer anion powder is 20-50 nm, then adding a polymer, uniformly stirring at 40-80 ℃, standing and cooling to prepare a spinning solution with the concentration of 5-20 wt%;
the polymer is at least one of polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl butyral, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, nylon, polycarbonate and polyether sulfone;
(2) and (3) taking the non-woven fabric as a collecting base fabric, filling the spinning solution into a needle tube, and carrying out electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution to obtain a nanofiber membrane stacked on the non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane jointly form the third filter screen (33).
3. The purification assembly of claim 2, wherein: the electrostatic spinning method comprises the following steps: adjusting spinning parameters to be 10-25 KV, enabling the distance between the electrode wire and the collector to be 5-30 cm, enabling the liquid supply speed to be 10-200 ul/min, enabling the rotation speed of the collector to be 300-3000 rpm, enabling the spinning temperature to be 20-30 ℃ and enabling the humidity to be 40-70%.
4. The purification assembly of claim 2, wherein: the organic solvent is at least one of N, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone.
5. The purification assembly of claim 1, wherein: the first filter screen (31), the second filter screen (32) and the third filter screen (33) are all folded to be in a shape of repeated folds.
6. A filtering device using the purifying module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the filter device comprises a shell (1), wherein an air inlet (11) and an air outlet (12) are formed in the shell (1), a fan (2) which introduces air flow from the air inlet (11) and blows out air flow towards the air outlet (12) is arranged in the shell (1), and a first filter screen (31), a second filter screen (32) and a third filter screen (33) are sequentially arranged at the air outlet (12) along the air flow direction.
7. The filtration device of claim 6, wherein: be equipped with grid net (4) in casing (1), grid net (4) transversely sets up, and along the flow path of air current, grid net (4) are located between fan (2) and purification subassembly (3).
8. The filtration device of claim 7, wherein: and a heating element (5) positioned between the fan (2) and the grid net (4) is arranged in the shell (1).
9. The filtration device of claim 7, wherein: and a fourth filter screen (6) capable of filtering particles with the particle size larger than PM2.5 is arranged between the grating net (4) and the purification component (3).
CN202110111394.8A 2021-01-27 2021-01-27 Purification assembly and filtering device using same Pending CN112915673A (en)

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CN107227502A (en) * 2016-03-23 2017-10-03 张国勇 A kind of electrostatic spinning formula of liquid of composite air filtering material
CN105797522A (en) * 2016-03-29 2016-07-27 江苏深氧环保科技有限公司 Wall-mounted machine
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