CN112902499B - A super heat pump unit for flue gas whitening and combined cooling and heating and its operation method - Google Patents

A super heat pump unit for flue gas whitening and combined cooling and heating and its operation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112902499B
CN112902499B CN202110331818.1A CN202110331818A CN112902499B CN 112902499 B CN112902499 B CN 112902499B CN 202110331818 A CN202110331818 A CN 202110331818A CN 112902499 B CN112902499 B CN 112902499B
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valve
heat exchanger
condenser
circulating pump
flue gas
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CN112902499A (en
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孙健
戈志华
杜小泽
杨勇平
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North China Electric Power University
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North China Electric Power University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02Heat pumps of the compression type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出一种烟气消白冷热联供超级热泵机组及其运行方法,属于能源高效利用领域。该机组具有三种运行模式:有烟气时消白余热回收、无烟气时制取热水及无烟气时制取冷水。其中烟气换热器采用两路流体将烟气换热过程分为烟气预冷过程及水蒸气冷凝过程,相比现有换热器技术显著的降低了换热过程不可逆损失,显著的提升了传热效率,并使用单级或者多级热泵串联的方式显著的提升制热温度或降低制冷温度实现了在有烟气时进行消白余热回收,以及在无烟气时满足用户的制冷或制热需求的多重有益效果。

The present invention proposes a flue gas deoxidation and cooling and heating combined super heat pump unit and its operation method, which belongs to the field of efficient energy utilization. The unit has three operation modes: deoxidation waste heat recovery when there is flue gas, hot water production when there is no flue gas, and cold water production when there is no flue gas. The flue gas heat exchanger uses two fluids to divide the flue gas heat exchange process into a flue gas precooling process and a water vapor condensation process. Compared with the existing heat exchanger technology, it significantly reduces the irreversible loss of the heat exchange process and significantly improves the heat transfer efficiency. It uses a single-stage or multi-stage heat pump in series to significantly increase the heating temperature or reduce the cooling temperature to achieve the recovery of deoxidation waste heat when there is flue gas, and meet the user's cooling or heating needs when there is no smoke. Multiple beneficial effects.

Description

Flue gas whitening cold and hot combined supply super heat pump unit and operation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy utilization, and particularly relates to a smoke whitening and cooling and heating combined supply super heat pump unit.
Background
Natural gas is increasingly used as a cleaner energy source, wherein the main component of the natural gas is methane, and the components generated after the combustion of the methane are carbon dioxide and water vapor, and the exhaust gas temperature of a conventional boiler is 80-200 ℃, so that more heat in the exhaust gas can be recovered due to the fact that the exhaust gas contains a large amount of water vapor. But the water vapour in the flue gas needs to be reduced below its dew point temperature to release a significant amount of heat of condensation and therefore the flue gas needs to be reduced to a lower temperature level.
The existing flue gas waste heat recovery technology mainly adopts a mode of combining a heat pump and a heat exchanger, and has the defect that only a single flue gas cooling and whitening function can be realized, and the heating and refrigerating requirements of users under the flue gas-free working condition can not be met.
Under the background, the invention provides a smoke whitening cold and hot combined supply super heat pump unit, which has three operation modes, namely, white whitening waste heat recovery when smoke exists and hot water preparation when no smoke exists and cold water preparation when no smoke exists. The flue gas heat exchanger adopts a novel design method of 'energy level matching and step utilization', the flue gas heat exchange process is divided into a flue gas precooling process and a steam condensing process, and compared with the prior heat exchanger technology, the irreversible loss in the heat exchange process is obviously reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency is obviously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a smoke whitening cold-hot combined super heat pump unit, which adopts a novel smoke heat exchanger with cascade heat exchange, divides the smoke heat exchanger into a high-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity, respectively adopts two fluids to pre-cool smoke and condense water vapor, and compared with the conventional smoke heat exchanger, the smoke whitening cold-hot combined super heat pump unit remarkably reduces irreversible loss in the heat transfer process and greatly improves heat exchange efficiency. The unit adopts the efficient electric heat pump, obviously improves the heating temperature or reduces the refrigerating temperature in a single-stage or multi-stage serial connection mode, and realizes the multiple beneficial effects of white heat removal recovery when flue gas exists and meeting the refrigerating or heating requirements of users when no flue gas exists by adopting the novel process and operation method.
The utility model provides a flue gas whitening cold and hot allies oneself with supplies super heat pump unit includes heat exchanger (1), condenser (2), evaporimeter (3), compressor (4), throttling arrangement (5), circulating pump A (6), circulating pump B (7), valve A (8), valve B (9), valve C (10), valve D (11), valve E (12), valve F (13), valve G (14), hot water export (15), hot water entry (16), cold water export (17), cold water entry (18), gas entry (19) and gas outlet (20) constitution. Wherein condenser (2) links to each other with valve A (8), valve B (9), compressor (4), throttling arrangement (5) and heat exchanger (1), compressor (4) links to each other with condenser (2) and evaporator (3), evaporator (3) links to each other with compressor (4), throttling arrangement (5), valve C (10), valve D (11), circulating pump B (7) and heat exchanger (1), heat exchanger (1) links to each other with condenser (2), valve E (12), valve F (13), gas inlet (19), evaporator (3), circulating pump B (7), valve G (14) and gas outlet (20) link to each other, throttling arrangement (5) links to each other with condenser (2) and evaporator (3), circulating pump B (7) links to each other with evaporator (3), valve G (14) and heat exchanger (1), valve A (8) links to each other with hot water outlet (15), valve B (9) and condenser (2), valve B (9) links to each other with valve A (8), condenser (2) and circulating pump A (6) and valve E (6) link to each other with valve E (6) and circulating pump E (6) and valve E (12) link to each other with valve E (6) The heat exchanger (1) links to each other with valve F (13), and valve F (13) link to each other with valve E (12), heat exchanger (1) and hot water entry (16), and valve C (10) link to each other with evaporimeter (3) and valve D (11), and valve D (11) link to each other with valve C (10), evaporimeter (3) and cold water export (17), and valve G (14) link to each other with circulating pump B (7), heat exchanger (1) and cold water entry (18), and wherein heat exchanger (1) are by high-pressure chamber (1 a) and low-pressure chamber (1B).
A smoke whitening cold and hot combined supply super heat pump unit adopts three operation modes:
① The flue gas white working condition is eliminated, valve B (9), circulating pump A (6), valve E (12), valve D (11), valve G (14) are closed, valve A (8), valve F (13), valve C (10) and circulating pump B (7) are opened, flue gas enters heat exchanger (1) from gas inlet (19), flue gas leaves through gas outlet (20) after passing through high-pressure chamber (1 a) and low-pressure chamber (1B) in proper order, hot water leaves through valve F (13) after passing through hot water inlet (16) in proper order, heat exchanger (1), condenser (2) and valve A (8) through hot water outlet (15), closed circulating water carries out reciprocating cycle through valve C (10), evaporator (3), heat exchanger (1) and circulating pump B (7), circulating working medium carries out reciprocating cycle through compressor (4), condenser (2), throttling arrangement (5) and evaporator (3).
② No flue gas heats operating mode, valve B (9), circulating pump A (6), valve E (12), valve D (11) and valve G (14) are closed, valve A (8), valve F (13), valve C (10) and circulating pump B (7) are opened, hot water is left through hot water outlet (15) after hot water inlet (16) in proper order through valve F (13), heat exchanger (1), condenser (2) and valve A (8), air is left through gas outlet (20) after high-pressure chamber (1 a) and low-pressure chamber (1B) in proper order, hot water is left through hot water outlet (15) after hot water inlet (16) in proper order through valve F (13), heat exchanger (1), condenser (2) and valve A (8), closed circulating water is left through valve C (10), evaporator (3), heat exchanger (1) and circulating pump B (7) and circulating working medium is reciprocated through compressor (4), condenser (2), throttling device (5) and evaporator (3).
③ And under the working condition of no flue gas refrigeration, the valve A (8), the valve F (13) and the valve C (10) are closed, the valve B (9), the circulating pump A (6), the valve E (12), the circulating pump B (7), the valve D (11) and the valve G (14) are opened, air sequentially passes through the high-pressure cavity (1 a) and the low-pressure cavity (1B) and then leaves through the gas outlet (20), cold water sequentially passes through the valve G (14), the circulating pump B (7), the evaporator (3) and the valve D (11) and then leaves through the cold water outlet (17), closed circulating water is subjected to reciprocating circulation through the valve B (9), the circulating pump A (6), the valve E (12), the heat exchanger (1) and the condenser (2), and circulating working media are subjected to reciprocating circulation through the compressor (4), the condenser (2), the throttling device (5) and the evaporator (3).
A smoke whitening cold and hot combined super heat pump unit can realize different smoke discharging temperatures, heating temperatures or refrigerating temperatures in a single-stage heat pump or multi-stage heat pump serial connection mode, and meets the wide-range cold and hot load demands of users. The circulating working media working in the compressor (4), the condenser (2), the throttling device (5) and the evaporator (3) are natural working media or freon, the unit adopts a novel cascade heat exchange smoke heat exchanger, the smoke heat exchanger is divided into a high-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity, two fluids are respectively adopted to pre-cool smoke and condense water vapor, the irreversible loss of the heat transfer process is obviously reduced compared with the conventional smoke heat exchanger, the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, and the heat exchanger adopts a non-direct contact or spray type heat exchange mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a flue gas whitening heat and cold combined supply super heat pump unit.
Reference numerals:
1-heat exchanger, 2-condenser, 3-evaporator, 4-compressor, 5-throttle device, 6-circulation pump A, 7-circulation pump B, 8-valve A, 9-valve B, 10-valve C, 11-valve D, 12-valve E, 13-valve F, 14-valve G, 15-hot water outlet, 16-hot water inlet, 17-cold water outlet, 18-cold water inlet, 19-gas inlet, 20-gas outlet
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The flue gas whitening cold and hot combined supply super heat pump unit comprises a heat exchanger (1), a condenser (2), an evaporator (3), a compressor (4), a throttling device (5), a circulating pump A (6), a circulating pump B (7), a valve A (8), a valve B (9), a valve C (10), a valve D (11), a valve E (12), a valve F (13), a valve G (14), a hot water outlet (15), a hot water inlet (16), a cold water outlet (17), a cold water inlet (18), a gas inlet (19) and a gas outlet (20). Wherein condenser (2) links to each other with valve A (8), valve B (9), compressor (4), throttling arrangement (5) and heat exchanger (1), compressor (4) links to each other with condenser (2) and evaporator (3), evaporator (3) links to each other with compressor (4), throttling arrangement (5), valve C (10), valve D (11), circulating pump B (7) and heat exchanger (1), heat exchanger (1) links to each other with condenser (2), valve E (12), valve F (13), gas inlet (19), evaporator (3), circulating pump B (7), valve G (14) and gas outlet (20) link to each other, throttling arrangement (5) links to each other with condenser (2) and evaporator (3), circulating pump B (7) links to each other with evaporator (3), valve G (14) and heat exchanger (1), valve A (8) links to each other with hot water outlet (15), valve B (9) and condenser (2), valve B (9) links to each other with valve A (8), condenser (2) and circulating pump A (6) and valve E (6) link to each other with valve E (6) and circulating pump E (6) and valve E (12) link to each other with valve E (6) The heat exchanger (1) links to each other with valve F (13), and valve F (13) link to each other with valve E (12), heat exchanger (1) and hot water entry (16), and valve C (10) link to each other with evaporimeter (3) and valve D (11), and valve D (11) link to each other with valve C (10), evaporimeter (3) and cold water export (17), and valve G (14) link to each other with circulating pump B (7), heat exchanger (1) and cold water entry (18), and wherein heat exchanger (1) are by high-pressure chamber (1 a) and low-pressure chamber (1B).
The circulating working medium working in the condenser (2), the throttling device (5), the evaporator (3) and the compressor (4) is R410a, the circulating working medium working in the valve C (10), the evaporator (3), the heat exchanger (1) and the circulating pump B (7) is glycol aqueous solution, the unit adopts a single-stage compressor mode, and the heat exchanger adopts a divided wall type heat exchanger mode.
The unit adopts three operation modes:
① The flue gas is subjected to a white working condition, the inlet and outlet temperature of the heat exchanger (1) is 100 ℃ per 5 ℃, the temperature of hot water at the hot water inlet (16) is 35 ℃, the temperature of hot water at the hot water outlet (15) is 65 ℃, the valve B (9), the circulating pump A (6), the valve E (12), the valve D (11) and the valve G (14) are closed, the valve A (8), the valve F (13), the valve C (10) and the circulating pump B (7) are opened, the flue gas enters the heat exchanger (1) from the gas inlet (19), the flue gas sequentially passes through the high-pressure cavity (1 a) and the low-pressure cavity (1B) and then leaves through the gas outlet (20), the hot water sequentially passes through the valve F (13), the heat exchanger (1), the condenser (2) and the valve A (8) and then leaves through the hot water outlet (15), and closed circulating water passes through the valve C (10), the evaporator (3), the heat exchanger (1) and the circulating pump B (7) to reciprocate, and the circulating working medium is circulated to reciprocate through the compressor (4), the condenser (2), the condenser (5) and the evaporator (3) to reciprocate.
② There is no flue gas heating working condition, the inlet and outlet temperature of air at heat exchanger (1) is 33 ℃ 5 ℃, the temperature of hot water at hot water inlet (16) is 25 ℃, the temperature of hot water at hot water outlet (15) is 55 ℃, valve B (9), circulating pump A (6), valve E (12), valve D (11) and valve G (14) are closed, valve A (8), valve F (13), valve C (10) and circulating pump B (7) are opened, hot water passes through valve F (13) through hot water inlet (16) in proper order, heat exchanger (1), condenser (2) and valve A (8) and then leaves through hot water outlet (15), air passes through high-pressure chamber (1 a) and low-pressure chamber (1B) and then leaves through gas outlet (20), hot water passes through valve F (13) through heat exchanger (1), condenser (2) and valve A (8) and then leaves through hot water outlet (15), closed circulating water passes through valve C (10), evaporator (3), heat exchanger (2) and circulating pump B (7) and then passes through circulating device (3) and then circulates through reciprocating device (4) and repeats.
③ And under the no-flue-gas refrigeration working condition, the inlet and outlet temperature of the heat exchanger (1) is 28 ℃ and 36 ℃, the temperature of cold water at the cold water inlet (18) is 12 ℃, the temperature of cold water at the cold water outlet (17) is 5 ℃, the valve A (8), the valve F (13) and the valve C (10) are closed, the valve B (9), the circulating pump A (6), the valve E (12), the circulating pump B (7), the valve D (11) and the valve G (14) are opened, the air sequentially passes through the high-pressure cavity (1 a) and the low-pressure cavity (1B) and then leaves through the gas outlet (20), the cold water sequentially passes through the valve G (14), the circulating pump B (7), the evaporator (3) and the valve D (11) and then leaves through the cold water outlet (17), and the closed circulating water is reciprocally circulated through the valve B (9), the circulating pump A (6), the valve E (12), the heat exchanger (1) and the condenser (2), and the circulating working medium reciprocally circulates through the compressor (4), the condenser (2), the throttling device (5) and the evaporator (3).
Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the invention, not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, and that such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in essence of the corresponding technical solutions.

Claims (5)

1. A smoke whitening cold and hot combined supply super heat pump unit is characterized by comprising a heat exchanger (1), a condenser (2), an evaporator (3), a compressor (4), a throttling device (5), a circulating pump A (6), a circulating pump B (7), a valve A (8), a valve B (9), a valve C (10), a valve D (11), a valve E (12), a valve F (13), a valve G (14), a hot water outlet (15), a hot water inlet (16), a cold water outlet (17), a cold water inlet (18), a gas inlet (19) and a gas outlet (20), wherein the condenser (2) is connected with the valve A (8), the valve B (9), the compressor (4), the throttling device (5) and the heat exchanger (1), the compressor (4) is connected with the condenser (2) and the evaporator (3), the evaporator (3) is connected with the compressor (4), the throttling device (5), the valve C (10), the valve D (11), the circulating pump B (7) and the heat exchanger (1), and the condenser (2), the valve E (12), the valve F (13) and the gas inlet (19) are connected with the evaporator (3) The circulating pump B (7), the valve G (14) and the gas outlet (20) are connected, the throttling device (5) is connected with the condenser (2) and the evaporator (3), the circulating pump B (7) is connected with the evaporator (3), the valve G (14) and the heat exchanger (1), the valve A (8) is connected with the hot water outlet (15), the valve B (9) and the condenser (2), the valve B (9) is connected with the valve A (8), the condenser (2) and the circulating pump A (6), the circulating pump A (6) is connected with the valve B (9) and the valve E (12), the valve E (12) is connected with the circulating pump A (6), the heat exchanger (1) and the valve F (13), the valve F (13) is connected with the valve E (12), the heat exchanger (1) and the hot water inlet (16), the valve C (10) is connected with the evaporator (3) and the valve D (11), the valve D (11) is connected with the valve C (10), the evaporator (3) and the cold water outlet (17), the valve G (14) is connected with the valve B (9) and the circulating pump A (6), the valve E (12) is connected with the heat exchanger (1) and the cold water inlet (1) is connected with the heat exchanger (1, the unit adopts three operation modes:
① The flue gas is subjected to a white working condition, the valve B (9), the circulating pump A (6), the valve E (12), the valve D (11) and the valve G (14) are closed, the valve A (8), the valve F (13), the valve C (10) and the circulating pump B (7) are opened, flue gas enters the heat exchanger (1) from the gas inlet (19), the flue gas sequentially passes through the high-pressure cavity (1 a) and the low-pressure cavity (1B) and then leaves through the gas outlet (20), hot water sequentially passes through the valve F (13), the heat exchanger (1), the condenser (2) and the valve A (8) and then leaves through the hot water outlet (15), closed circulating water is subjected to reciprocating circulation through the valve C (10), the evaporator (3), the heat exchanger (1) and the circulating pump B (7), and circulating working media are subjected to reciprocating circulation through the compressor (4), the condenser (2), the throttling device (5) and the evaporator (3);
② The method comprises the following steps that no smoke heating working condition exists, a valve B (9), a circulating pump A (6), a valve E (12), a valve D (11) and a valve G (14) are closed, a valve A (8), a valve F (13), a valve C (10) and a circulating pump B (7) are opened, hot water sequentially passes through the valve F (13), a heat exchanger (1), a condenser (2) and the valve A (8) through a hot water inlet (16) and then leaves through a hot water outlet (15), air sequentially passes through a high-pressure cavity (1 a) and a low-pressure cavity (1B) and then leaves through a gas outlet (20), hot water sequentially passes through the valve F (13), the heat exchanger (1), the condenser (2) and the valve A (8) and then leaves through a hot water outlet (15), closed circulating water sequentially passes through the valve C (10), the evaporator (3), the heat exchanger (1) and the circulating pump B (7) and circulating working media reciprocally circulate through a compressor (4), the condenser (2), a throttling device (5) and the evaporator (3);
③ And under the working condition of no flue gas refrigeration, the valve A (8), the valve F (13) and the valve C (10) are closed, the valve B (9), the circulating pump A (6), the valve E (12), the circulating pump B (7), the valve D (11) and the valve G (14) are opened, air sequentially passes through the high-pressure cavity (1 a) and the low-pressure cavity (1B) and then leaves through the gas outlet (20), cold water sequentially passes through the valve G (14), the circulating pump B (7), the evaporator (3) and the valve D (11) and then leaves through the cold water outlet (17), closed circulating water is subjected to reciprocating circulation through the valve B (9), the circulating pump A (6), the valve E (12), the heat exchanger (1) and the condenser (2), and circulating working media are subjected to reciprocating circulation through the compressor (4), the condenser (2), the throttling device (5) and the evaporator (3).
2. The flue gas whitening cold and hot combined supply super heat pump unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the heat exchanger (1) is composed of a high-pressure cavity (1 a) and a low-pressure cavity (1 b), and the heat exchanger (1) adopts different fluids to exchange heat with gas.
3. The flue gas whitening cold and hot combined supply super heat pump unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the heat exchanger (1) adopts a dividing wall type heat exchanger or a spray type heat exchanger.
4. The flue gas whitening cold and hot combined supply super heat pump unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the evaporator (3) and the condenser (2) adopt a single-stage or multi-stage series structure.
5. The flue gas whitening cold and hot combined supply super heat pump unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the circulating working media working on a compressor (4), a condenser (2), a throttling device (5) and an evaporator (3) are natural working media or freon.
CN202110331818.1A 2021-03-29 2021-03-29 A super heat pump unit for flue gas whitening and combined cooling and heating and its operation method Active CN112902499B (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN216114778U (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-03-22 华北电力大学 A super heat pump unit for combined cooling and heating of flue gas elimination

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CN110513670A (en) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-29 李季 A white smoke elimination system
CN110064282A (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-07-30 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of high effective flue gas disappears whitening method and device
CN110375325A (en) * 2019-07-09 2019-10-25 天津大学 A kind of gas fired-boiler flue gas disappears white and advanced recycling system for waste heat completely
CN110360586A (en) * 2019-08-12 2019-10-22 天津大学 A kind of mechanical compression type heat pump system taking off white improvement for flue gas

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN216114778U (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-03-22 华北电力大学 A super heat pump unit for combined cooling and heating of flue gas elimination

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