Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a construction method for pulling out an overwater concrete pipe pile.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a construction method for pulling out an overwater concrete pipe pile comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a pile pulling tool is hung to the position of a PHC tubular pile needing pile pulling by a pile driving boat, so that the position of the pile pulling tool is matched with the position of the PHC tubular pile;
step two, sinking the pile pulling tool to the bottom elevation position of the PHC tubular pile, and hoisting the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile together by the pile pulling tool by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile;
lifting the pile pulling tool and the PHC pipe pile to the shore by using a lifting hook of the pile driving barge;
step four, taking out the PHC tubular pile;
and fifthly, pulling out the outer sleeve by using a vibration hammer, hanging the outer sleeve to the shore, and then splicing the outer sleeve with the inner sleeve for pile pulling of the next pile.
The pile pulling tool is used for lifting the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile, and the pile pulling tool and a single PHC tubular pile are lifted to the shore together by means of the lifting hook of the pile driving boat, so that the pile pulling process is simpler and more convenient, and the pile pulling efficiency is high.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first step specifically is:
step 1.1, measuring the PHC tubular pile to obtain measurement parameters;
step 1.2, hoisting a pile pulling tool to the position of the PHC pipe pile needing pile pulling by a pile driving boat;
and step 1.3, adjusting the position of the pile driving boat according to the measurement parameters to enable the position of the pile pulling tool to be matched with the position of the PHC tubular pile.
According to the invention, before the pile pulling tool is used for sinking the pile, the position of the pile pulling tool is adjusted to be consistent with the position of the PHC tubular pile, so that the pile pulling tool is convenient for sinking the pile, the PHC tubular pile at the root is prevented from being damaged when the pile pulling tool is used for sinking the pile, and the pile pulling is more facilitated.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the measuring parameters of step 1.1 include: inclination of concrete pipe pile on water, torsion angle of concrete pipe pile on water.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the second step, the pile pulling tool lifts the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile, and the pile pulling tool comprises:
the PHC tubular pile is positioned inside the pile pulling tool;
the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile are hoisted together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the PHC tubular pile is located inside the pile pulling tool, and includes:
the pile pulling tool comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve;
the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are assembled after being installed and then are hung above the PHC tubular pile;
after the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are measured and positioned, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are sunk to the bottom elevation of the PHC tubular pile together by using an impact hammer, and the PHC tubular pile is arranged inside the inner sleeve.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the pile pulling tool depends on the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile to lift the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile together, and comprises:
the bottom surface of the outer sleeve is provided with a circular ring, and the circular ring is used for preventing soil from entering the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve when the pile is sunk so as to generate friction force;
the PHC tubular pile is positioned inside the inner sleeve;
the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile are hoisted together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile.
As a further improvement of the invention, the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile are hoisted together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the pile pulling tool sinks the pile to the bottom elevation position of the PHC tubular pile, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve slightly exceed the bottom of the PHC tubular pile;
when the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are sunk to the bottom of the PHC tubular pile or slightly exceed the bottom of the PHC tubular pile, the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile is larger than the weight of the PHC tubular pile, the weight of the inner sleeve and the weight of soil between the PHC tubular pile and the inner sleeve;
the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile are lifted out together, and the outer sleeve does not need to move at the moment.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the third step specifically is:
firstly, hoisting an inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile together by using a lifting hook of a piling ship;
the outer sleeve was then pulled out with a vibratory hammer.
As a further improvement of the present invention, after the fourth step, a fifth step is further included: and repeating the first step to the fourth step to pull out the next PHC tubular pile.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the pile pulling tool is used for lifting the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile, and the pile pulling tool and a single PHC tubular pile are lifted to the shore together by means of the lifting hook of the pile driving boat, so that the pile pulling process is simpler and more convenient, and the pile pulling efficiency is high.
2. According to the invention, before the pile pulling tool is used for sinking the pile, the position of the pile pulling tool is adjusted to be consistent with the position of the PHC tubular pile, so that the pile pulling tool is convenient for sinking the pile, the PHC tubular pile at the root is prevented from being damaged when the pile pulling tool is used for sinking the pile, and the pile pulling is more facilitated.
3. The inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile are hoisted together by using the pile pulling tool through the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile, the PHC tubular pile is separated from soil below water by using the pile pulling tool, and the pile pulling tool and the PHC tubular pile are hoisted by using the pile driving boat, so that the rapid pile pulling of the PHC tubular pile is realized.
4. The pile pulling tool is characterized in that an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve are firstly installed on the shore, an iron ring is welded at the bottom of the outer sleeve and used for supporting the inner sleeve, no soil can enter the inner sleeve in the pile sinking process of the outer sleeve, and no friction force exists between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that functional, methodological, or structural equivalents or substitutions made by these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present embodiments, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to a number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
The terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
PHC tubular pile, namely prestressed high-strength concrete tubular pile. The hollow cylindrical concrete prefabricated member is prepared by adopting a pre-tensioned prestressing centrifugal forming process and steam curing at about 180 ℃ under 10 atmospheric pressures (about 1.0 Mpa), the standard section length is 10m, the diameter is 300-800 mm, and the strength grade of concrete is not less than C80.
At present, the domestic pile pulling method mainly focuses on a static pile pulling method, a high-pressure rotary spraying mud pile pulling method, a vibration immersed tube high-pressure water cutting pile pulling method, a full-rotation CD machine pile pulling method, an FECE full-rotation pile pulling method and the like. Wherein, the static pulling method directly pulls the tubular pile out of the stratum. The construction method has high requirement on the strength of the pile body and is not suitable for pulling out the prefabricated pipe pile. The high-pressure rotary-spraying slurry pile-pulling method is used for carrying out high-pressure rotary-spraying slurry on the periphery of a pile body to destroy soil bodies around the pile body. The disadvantages are that pile breakage is easily caused, the influence of stratum soil compactness is large, stratum disturbance is large, and the pile is not suitable for pulling out the precast pile. The vibration immersed tube high-pressure water cutting pile pulling method utilizes vibration to liquefy soil around a pile and penetrate into a steel tube, and is matched with high-pressure water to destroy the soil between the pile body and the steel tube, so that the side friction resistance of the pile is greatly reduced. The vibration immersed tube high-pressure water cutting pile pulling method is suitable for pile pulling on water, and the pile pulling method is used for pile pulling on land, so that the construction speed is low, and the stratum disturbance is large. The fully-rotary CD machine pile pulling is one of the most advanced methods for clearing underground obstacles at present, and has the advantages of high verticality, adaptability to various complex geologies and no noise. The hydraulic steel sleeve cutting machine has the disadvantages that the rotary cutting speed of the hydraulic steel sleeve is low, mechanical equipment needs to be balanced to press the steel sleeve by virtue of counter force, a crane is needed for walking, and the accurate positioning is difficult. The FECE full-rotation pile pulling method adopts a double-layer sleeve rotation drilling method to cut the soil body around the pile, thereby reducing the side frictional resistance of the pile. The FECE full-rotation pile pulling method has the advantages of wide application range and good construction effect, particularly for inclined piles and buildings sensitive to settlement nearby a site, but the method needs a special FECE full-rotation pile pulling machine and is high in construction cost.
Because the wharf completion data and geological data are incomplete, particularly the completion data of two berthing piers is missing, and the pile length is unclear; in addition, when the wharf is soaked in seawater for twenty years, the welding position of the pile and the quality of the pile can cause the pile to break.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a construction method for pulling out an overwater concrete pipe pile, including the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a pile pulling tool is hung to the position of a PHC tubular pile needing pile pulling by a pile driving boat, so that the position of the pile pulling tool is matched with the position of the PHC tubular pile;
step two, sinking the pile pulling tool to the bottom elevation position of the PHC tubular pile, and hoisting the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile together by the pile pulling tool by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile;
lifting the pile pulling tool and the PHC pipe pile to the shore by using a lifting hook of the pile driving barge;
step four, taking out the PHC tubular pile;
and fifthly, pulling out the outer sleeve by using a vibration hammer, hanging the outer sleeve to the shore, and then splicing the outer sleeve with the inner sleeve for pile pulling of the next pile.
The pile pulling tool is used for lifting the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile, and the pile pulling tool and a single PHC tubular pile are lifted to the shore together by means of the lifting hook of the pile driving boat, so that the pile pulling process is simpler and more convenient, and the pile pulling efficiency is high.
The first step of the embodiment of the invention is specifically as follows:
step 1.1, measuring the PHC tubular pile to obtain measurement parameters. Wherein, measuring the parameters comprises: inclination of concrete pipe pile on water, torsion angle of concrete pipe pile on water.
And 1.2, hoisting the pile pulling tool to the position of the PHC pipe pile needing pile pulling by using a pile driving boat.
And 1.3, adjusting the position of the pile driving boat according to the measurement parameters to enable the position of the pile pulling tool to be matched with the position of the PHC tubular pile.
According to the invention, before the pile pulling tool is used for sinking the pile, the position of the pile pulling tool is adjusted to be consistent with the position of the PHC tubular pile, so that the pile pulling tool is convenient for sinking the pile, the PHC tubular pile at the root is prevented from being damaged when the pile pulling tool is used for sinking the pile, and the pile pulling is more facilitated.
In the second step of the embodiment of the present invention, the pile pulling tool lifts the inner sleeve and the PHC pile together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC pile, and includes: the PHC tubular pile is positioned inside the pile pulling tool; the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile are hoisted together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile.
The PHC tubular pile is positioned in the pile pulling tool and comprises: the pile pulling tool comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve; the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are assembled after being installed, and then are hung above the PHC pipe pile; after the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are measured and positioned, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are sunk to the bottom elevation of the PHC tubular pile together by using an impact hammer, and the PHC tubular pile is arranged inside the inner sleeve.
The pile pulling tool provided by the invention can be used for hoisting the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile, and comprises: the bottom surface of the outer sleeve is provided with a circular ring, and the circular ring is used for preventing soil from entering the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve when the pile is sunk, so that friction force is generated; the PHC tubular pile is positioned inside the inner sleeve.
The inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile are hoisted together by means of the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile. The invention depends on the friction between the inner sleeve and the PHC pipe pile to lift the inner sleeve and the PHC pipe pile together, which comprises the following steps: when the pile pulling tool sinks the pile to the bottom elevation position of the PHC tubular pile, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve slightly exceed the bottom of the PHC tubular pile; when the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are sunk to the bottom of the PHC tubular pile or slightly exceed the bottom of the PHC tubular pile, the friction force between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile is larger than the weight of the PHC tubular pile, the weight of the inner sleeve and the weight of soil between the PHC tubular pile and the inner sleeve; the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile are lifted out together, and the outer sleeve does not need to move at the moment.
The third step of the embodiment of the invention is specifically as follows:
firstly, hoisting an inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile together by using a lifting hook of a piling ship; the outer sleeve was then pulled out with a vibratory hammer.
The fourth step of the embodiment of the invention also comprises the fifth step: and repeating the first step to the fourth step to pull out the next PHC tubular pile.
In a special embodiment, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are sunk into the soil layer by using a 16Ton hydraulic impact hammer, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are sunk to the elevation depth, hammering is stopped, then a lifting hook of a pile driving ship is used for lifting a lifting ring of the inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve and the PHC pipe pile are directly pulled out together. After the inner sleeve is hoisted to the shore, soil in the inner sleeve is poured out, and the PHC pipe pile is poured out along with the soil. The outer sleeve is clamped by a pile clamping device, and a vibration hammer is started to vibrate to pull out the outer sleeve.
The embodiment of the invention provides a pile pulling tool, which comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, wherein a ring sheet is arranged at the bottom end of the outer sleeve, the outer peripheral wall of the ring sheet is fixed with the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve, the inner sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer sleeve, and when the top ends of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are clamped by the same pile clamping device, the bottom surface of the inner sleeve is contacted with the end surface of the ring sheet; the top end of the inner sleeve is provided with a lifting lug which is connected with a hook of the pile driving barge.
The invention adopts a double-casing drilling mode to remove the soil around the PHC tubular pile, and the soil and the PHC tubular pile are pulled up together.
The outer sleeve of the embodiment of the invention is processed by adopting steel pipes with the outer diameter of 1000mm and the wall thickness of 24mm, 2 steel pipes with the length of 12m are welded and connected, the joint is fully welded and is polished by a grinder, and 4 reinforcing plates are uniformly welded on the outer side of a welding line. The bottom of the outer sleeve is cut into a ring plate by an iron plate with the thickness of 4cm and is welded with the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve can directly act on the iron ring after the iron ring is welded.
The inner sleeve of the embodiment of the invention is processed by adopting a steel pipe with the outer diameter of 908mm and the wall thickness of 24mm, and is welded and connected by 2 steel pipes with the length of 12m, and the joint is fully welded and polished by a grinder. Both the inner and outer sides need to be welded. Two lifting lugs are welded on the inner side of the inner sleeve, and the size of the lifting lugs is 20cm by 4 cm. After the inner and outer high pipes are processed, the inner sleeve is sleeved in the outer sleeve, and the bottoms and the tops of the inner and outer steel pipes are ensured to be on the same plane. And the bottom of the inner sleeve and the bottom of the outer sleeve are ensured to be attached, and soil can not enter between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve when the pile is sunk.
When the inner sleeve is sleeved in the outer sleeve, a gap is formed between the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the inner sleeve; the inner wall of the outer sleeve is also uniformly provided with a plurality of blocking pieces around the circumferential direction, each blocking piece is positioned at the gap, and the blocking pieces ensure that the gap value is equal at any position in the circumferential direction. The blocking piece is arranged in the same plane of the outer sleeve which is 5 +/-3 cm away from the top. Preferably, the blocking piece is an iron sheet, and the width of the iron sheet is slightly smaller than the gap value; the length of the iron sheet is slightly larger than the gap value. 6 iron sheets are uniformly arranged in the same plane of the outer sleeve pipe 5cm away from the top, and the size of the iron sheets is 5cm x 2cm, so that the inner sleeve pipe and the outer sleeve pipe can be uniformly distributed after being assembled.
The purpose of arranging the blocking piece is to ensure that the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve can be uniformly distributed after being assembled.
The bottom internal perisporium of outer tube and the laminating of interior sleeve pipe's bottom periphery wall to debris get into between interior sleeve pipe and the outer tube when avoiding pile sinking.
Specifically, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the concrete pipe pile on water; the concrete pipe pile on water is located the inner chamber of interior sleeve pipe, and interior sleeve pipe is pulled out concrete pipe pile on water together with its earth on every side.
Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged between the ring piece and the outer sleeve, and the reinforcing ribs are simultaneously connected with the ring piece and the outer sleeve so as to realize more reliable connection of the ring piece and the outer sleeve.
In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the bottom end of the outer sleeve is gradually reduced, and the minimum inner diameter of the outer sleeve is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer sleeve, so that the bottom peripheral wall of the inner sleeve is attached to the bottom peripheral wall of the inner sleeve. The outer sleeve is formed by welding a plurality of first steel pipes along the length direction, the joint of the adjacent first steel pipes is fully welded, and a stiffened plate is fixedly arranged outside a welding line. The inner sleeve is formed by welding a plurality of second steel pipes along the length direction, and the joint, the inner wall and the outer wall of the adjacent second steel pipes are all fully welded.
The construction process of the pile pulling tool comprises the following steps:
primary standby and standby: firstly, a measurer measures the inclination and torsion angle of the PHC pipe pile of the wharf in advance. The inner and outer sleeves are installed together by the aid of a piling ship matched with a 180T crawler crane, then the inner and outer sleeves are lifted to the PHC tubular pile needing pile pulling by the piling ship, and the position and the angle of the piling ship are adjusted to be completely matched with the pile position according to the indication of a measurer.
And (3) steel pipe pile construction: after all the pile is ready, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are sunk to the bottom elevation position of the PHC pipe pile of the existing wharf by a 16Ton hydraulic impact hammer.
Preparing a vibratory hammer for pile sinking: after pile sinking is finished, the vibration hammer is removed, and the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile are lifted out together by using a lifting hook of a piling ship. The outer sleeve was then pulled out with a vibratory hammer.
Taking out the tubular pile: and after the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are hung ashore, cleaning mud between the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile by using water, and taking out the PHC tubular pile. And then repeating the steps to take out the next PHC tubular pile.
Pile pulling efficiency: pile pulling tool, its construction progress does: 1 root/4 hours. Specifically, the sleeve is positioned for 20 minutes, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are sunk for 1 hour, the tubular pile is pulled out for 20 minutes, the inner sleeve and the PHC tubular pile are cleaned for 2 hours, and the outer sleeve is pulled out for 20 minutes. The method improves pile-pulling success rate and efficiency.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.