CN112887033A - CV-QKD system and quantum key distribution method - Google Patents
CV-QKD system and quantum key distribution method Download PDFInfo
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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- H04B10/524—Pulse modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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- H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
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Abstract
The application provides a CV-QKD system and a quantum key distribution method, wherein the CV-QKD system comprises an emitting end, a receiving end, a multi-core optical fiber and a reference light source, the multi-core optical fiber comprises a signal light transmission channel and a reference light transmission channel, wherein the signal light is transmitted to the receiving end through the signal light transmission channel, the reference light is transmitted to the receiving end through the reference light transmission channel, and the reference light transmission channel is further used for transmitting a light signal emitted by the reference light source to the light source module. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages: the multi-core optical fiber is used as an optical signal transmission channel, the transmission channels of the signal light and the reference light are different, the reference light has almost no influence on the signal light, the requirement on polarization isolation between the reference light and the signal light is avoided, the requirements on devices of a pulse modulation device and a demodulation device are reduced, and the communication efficiency and the safety of the CV-QKD system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of quantum communication, in particular to a CV-QKD system and a quantum key distribution method.
Background
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is the design of cryptographic schemes using the quantum properties of substances (e.g., photons), the security of which is based on the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics rather than the complexity of mathematical computations. The QKD discovers the existence of eavesdropping by utilizing a Heisenberg uncertainty principle and an unknown quantum state unclonable principle, and theoretically ensures the unconditional security of information.
The QKD can be divided into discrete variable quantum key distribution (DV-QKD) and continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) according to the difference of modulation means and detection means. As shown in fig. 1, in a conventional key distribution device for CV-QKD, a laser outputs continuous light, the continuous light is chopped into pulse light after passing through at least two intensity modulators (AM 1 and AM 2), the pulse light passes through a 99:1 Beam Splitter (BS), one path of light pulse is input to a long arm of an unequal-arm interferometer as reference light, the other path of light pulse is input to a short arm of the unequal-arm interferometer as signal light, the signal light is modulated by devices such as an intensity modulator (AM 3), a phase modulator (PM 1), an optical attenuator (VOA) and the like, and the modulated signal light is combined with the reference light by a polarization beam combiner (PBS), so that polarization and time division multiplexing of signals are realized, and the modulated signal light is transmitted to a receiving end through an optical fiber channel. The receiving end firstly completes polarization and time division demultiplexing to obtain reference light and signal light, then modulates the reference light by a polarization modulator (EPC) and a phase modulator (PM 2), and finally completes quantum state measurement by a balance detector, converts the quantum state measurement into an electric signal, and acquires original data by acquisition equipment, processes and analyzes the data to acquire a final security key.
As can be seen from the above, in order to make the transmission environment of the reference light and the transmission environment of the signal light consistent, the reference light and the signal light are generally transmitted to the receiving end through the same optical fiber in a polarization and time division multiplexing manner. However, the reference light is very intense, typically at 108The intensity is of the order of magnitude, and the intensity of the signal light is very weak, usually only 100~1The strength is of the order of magnitude, which results in extremely high requirements for polarization isolation between the reference light and the signal light, and thus for the components of the pulse modulation device and the demodulation device.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a CV-QKD system and a quantum key distribution method, which aim to solve the problem that the CV-QKD system in the prior art has high requirements on devices of a pulse modulation device and a demodulation device.
The first aspect of the application provides a CV-QKD system, which comprises a transmitting end, a receiving end, a multi-core optical fiber and a reference light source;
the transmitting end comprises a light source module, a chopping module, a beam splitting module and a signal light modulation module, continuous light output by the light source module is subjected to pulse light through the chopping module, the pulse light is subjected to beam splitting to obtain first pulse light and second pulse light, the first pulse light is modulated by the signal light modulation module to obtain signal light, and the second pulse light is used as reference light;
the multi-core optical fiber comprises a signal light transmission channel and a reference light transmission channel, wherein the signal light is transmitted to a receiving end through the signal light transmission channel, the reference light is transmitted to the receiving end through the reference light transmission channel, and the reference light transmission channel is also used for transmitting an optical signal emitted by the reference light source to the light source module.
Preferably, if the reference light source is disposed in the middle between the transmitting end and the receiving end, or the reference light source is disposed at the receiving end, a polarization adjustment module is further disposed on the reference light transmission channel at the transmitting end.
Preferably, the multi-core optical fiber further includes an isolation channel, and the isolation channel is located between the signal optical transmission channel and the reference optical transmission channel.
Preferably, the reference light source comprises a reference laser and a circulator;
the optical pulse emitted by the reference laser is input to the port I of the circulator and output from the port II of the circulator;
the reference light is output from the II port of the circulator and from the III port of the circulator.
Preferably, the signal light transmission channel is an outermost optical fiber channel of the multi-core optical fiber, and the reference light transmission channel is an outermost optical fiber channel of the multi-core optical fiber on the other side of the signal light transmission channel.
Preferably, the light source module includes two or more signal lasers, the chopper module includes two or more chopper units, and the multi-core fiber includes two or more signal light transmission channels;
the number of the signal lasers, the number of the chopping units and the number of the signal light transmission channels are the same;
light emitted by the reference light source is injected into the signal lasers of the light source module, each signal laser is connected with one chopping unit and used for modulating continuous light emitted by the signal lasers into pulse light, and each chopping unit is connected with one signal light transmission channel.
Preferably, the chopping module is composed of two intensity modulators connected in sequence; the signal light modulation module consists of an intensity modulator and a phase modulator which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the receiving end comprises a first polarization control module, a homodyne detection module, a second polarization control module and a phase modulation module;
the optical signal of the signal optical transmission channel is modulated by the first polarization control module and then input to the homodyne detection module;
and the optical signal of the reference optical transmission channel is modulated by the second polarization control module and the phase modulation module and then is input to the homodyne detection module.
Preferably, the beam splitting module adopts a beam splitter or a polarization beam splitter; and the beam splitting device in the homodyne detection module adopts a beam splitter or a polarization beam splitter.
A second aspect of the present application provides a quantum key distribution method for CV-QKD, where the method is applied to any one of the above CV-QKD systems, and includes the specific steps of:
controlling the reference light source to emit a light signal, transmitting the light signal to the light source module, and exciting the light source module to emit continuous light;
controlling a chopping module to chop the continuous light to obtain pulse light;
splitting the pulsed light by a beam splitting module to obtain first pulsed light and second pulsed light, wherein the first pulsed light is input to a signal light transmission channel, the second pulsed light is input to a reference light transmission channel, and the second pulsed light is used as reference light;
controlling a signal light modulation module to modulate the first pulse light to obtain signal light;
transmitting the signal light and the reference light to a receiving end;
the receiving end carries out polarization modulation on the received signal light, carries out polarization modulation and phase modulation on the received reference light and completes the detection of the signal light and the reference light;
and after the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal are subjected to basis vector comparison, error correction and privacy amplification, an absolutely safe quantum key is obtained, and quantum key distribution is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the CV-QKD system and the quantum key distribution method have the following advantages:
the signal light of the CV-QKD system of the first application is transmitted to the receiving end through the signal light transmission channel, and the reference light is transmitted to the receiving end through the reference light transmission channel, so that the transmission channels of the signal light and the reference light are different, the requirement on polarization isolation between the reference light and the signal light is avoided, and the requirements on devices of the pulse modulation device and the demodulation device are reduced. Secondly, because the transmission channels of the signal light and the reference light are different, the reference light has almost no influence on the signal light, the code rate of the CV-QKD system is high, and the communication efficiency and the safety of the CV-QKD system can be improved. And the signal light transmission channel and the reference light transmission channel adopt multi-core optical fibers, so that the transmission environments of the signal light transmission channel and the reference light transmission channel are basically consistent with the properties of the optical fibers, the transmission environments of the signal light and the reference light are consistent, and the operation of the CV-QKD system is ensured. Fourthly, because the optical transmission channel is the multi-core fiber and the signal light is weak light, other fiber cores except one reference optical transmission channel in the multi-core fiber can be used as the signal optical transmission channel, that is, each fiber core of other fiber cores can transmit one group of signal light, and the communication efficiency of the system can be greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art CV-QKD system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first CV-QKD system of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second CV-QKD system of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third CV-QKD system of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a signal optical transmission channel and a reference optical transmission channel of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a light source module and a chopper module according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, the present application is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In a first aspect of the present application, a structure of the CV-QKD system may refer to schematic structural diagrams shown in fig. 2 to 5, and the specific structure includes a transmitting end 1, a receiving end 2, a multi-core fiber 3, and a reference light source 4: the transmitting terminal 1 comprises a light source module 11, a chopping module 12, a beam splitting module 13 and a signal light modulation module 14, wherein the chopping module 12 consists of two intensity modulators which are sequentially connected; the signal light modulation module 14 is composed of an intensity modulator and a phase modulator which are connected in sequence. Continuous light output by the light source module 11 passes through the chopping module 12 to obtain pulsed light, the pulsed light passes through the beam splitting module 13 to obtain first pulsed light and second pulsed light, the first pulsed light is modulated by the signal light modulation module 14 to obtain signal light, and the second pulsed light is used as reference light; the multi-core optical fiber 3 includes a signal light transmission channel 31 and a reference light transmission channel 32, wherein the signal light is transmitted to the receiving end 2 through the signal light transmission channel 31, the reference light is transmitted to the receiving end 2 through the reference light transmission channel 32, and the reference light transmission channel 32 is further configured to transmit the optical signal emitted by the reference light source 4 to the light source module 11.
First, in the present application, since the signal light is transmitted to the receiving end through the signal light transmission channel 31, and the reference light is transmitted to the receiving end through the reference light transmission channel 32, the transmission channels of the signal light and the reference light are different, and there is no requirement for polarization isolation between the reference light and the signal light. Therefore, the beam splitting module 13 can adopt a polarization beam splitter and also can adopt a beam splitter, wherein the beam splitter can adopt beam splitters of 99:1, 50:50 and other specifications. In addition, when the polarization and time division multiplexing of signals and the polarization and time division demultiplexing are completed in the prior art, unequal-arm interferometer devices are needed by a transmitter and a receiver, and the long-arm path of the unequal-arm interferometer of the transmitter and the short-arm path of the unequal-arm interferometer of the receiver in the prior art are equal to the short-arm path of the unequal-arm interferometer of the transmitter and the long-arm path of the unequal-arm interferometer of the receiver, so that the manufacturing requirements of the unequal-arm interferometer in the prior art are extremely high, and the requirements of the unequal-arm interferometer devices are not needed because the transmission channels of the signal light and the reference light are different and the polarization isolation is not required. In summary, the CV-QKD system of the present application has reduced device requirements for the pulse modulation and demodulation devices. Secondly, the reference light is strong light, the signal light is weak light after being modulated by the light modulation module 14, and the transmission channels of the signal light and the reference light are different, so that the reference light has almost no influence on the signal light, the code rate of the CV-QKD system is facilitated, and the communication efficiency and the safety of the CV-QKD system can be improved. Third, the signal light transmission channel 31 and the reference light transmission channel 32 are both fiber cores in the multi-core optical fiber 3, so that the transmission environments of the signal light transmission channel 31 and the reference light transmission channel 32 are basically consistent with the properties of the optical fibers, so that the changes of the signal light and the reference light during transmission are kept consistent, and the operation of the CV-QKD system is ensured. Finally, since the transmission channel of the optical signal is the multi-core fiber 3 and the signal light is weak light, other fiber cores except one reference light transmission channel in the multi-core fiber 3 can be used as the transmission channel of the signal light, that is, each fiber core of other fiber cores can transmit a group of signal light, and the communication efficiency of the system can be greatly improved.
The reference light source 4 of the present application comprises a reference laser 41 and a circulator 42; the optical pulse emitted by the reference laser 41 is input to the i port of the circulator 42 and output from the ii port of the circulator 42; the reference light is output from the ii port of the circulator 42 and from the iii port of the circulator 42. The reference light source 4 is arranged at the transmitting side or at the receiving side, and the schematic diagrams shown in fig. 2 to 4 can be specifically referred to between the transmitting side and the receiving side. For example, if the reference light source 4 is disposed at the transmitting side, the reference light source 4 may be disposed in the transmitting end 1 together with the light source module 11, the chopper module 12, the beam splitting module 13, and the signal light modulation module 14, or the reference light source 4 may be disposed in the transmitting end 1 separately from the light source module 11, the chopper module 12, the beam splitting module 13, and the signal light modulation module 14, that is, the light source module 11, the chopper module 12, the beam splitting module 13, and the signal light modulation module 14 are disposed in the transmitting end 1, and the reference light source 4 is disposed on the reference light transmission channel 32 outside the transmitting end 1. If the reference light source 4 is disposed at the receiver, the reference light source 4 may be disposed in the receiver 2 together with the first polarization control module 21, the homodyne detection module 22, the second polarization control module 23 and the phase modulation module 24, or the reference light source 4 may be disposed in the receiver 2 separately from the first polarization control module 21, the homodyne detection module 22, the second polarization control module 23 and the phase modulation module 24, that is, the first polarization control module 21, the homodyne detection module 22, the second polarization control module 23 and the phase modulation module 24 are disposed in the receiver 2, and the reference light source 4 is disposed on the reference light transmission channel 32 outside the transmitter 2. The reference light source 4 is arranged between the transmitting side and the receiving side, and the reference light source 4 is arranged on the reference light transmission channel 32 in the middle between the transmitting end 1 and the receiving end 2. In addition, if the reference light source 4 is placed at the transmitting side, the polarization adjusting module 15 is not required to be arranged on the reference light transmission channel 32 of the transmitting end 1, and if the reference light source 4 is arranged in the middle between the transmitting end 1 and the receiving end 2, or if the reference light source 4 is arranged at the receiving end 2, the polarization adjusting module 15 is also arranged on the reference light transmission channel 32 at the transmitting end 1.
The optical signal transmission channel of the present application is a multi-core fiber 3, the multi-core fiber 3 is a fiber having a plurality of independent cores in a common cladding region, the multi-core fiber 3 of the present application further includes an isolation channel 33, and the isolation channel 33 is located between the signal optical transmission channel 31 and the reference optical transmission channel 32. Specifically, referring to the schematic diagram shown in fig. 5, since the reference light is strong light, the reference light may only use one fiber core in the multi-core fiber 3 as a transmission channel, and since the signal light is weak light, the number of photons detected by the general signal light energy is only about one thousandth of the number of photons emitted by the emitting end 1, the signal light may use one fiber core in the multi-core fiber 3, or a plurality of signal lasers may be disposed at the emitting end 1, each signal laser is connected to one chopping unit for modulating continuous light emitted by the signal laser into pulsed light, and each chopping unit is connected to one fiber core in the multi-core fiber 3.
If the CV-QKD system adopts a fiber core in the multi-core fiber 3 as a reference light transmission channel and a fiber core as a signal light transmission channel, a preferable mode may be: the signal light transmission channel 31 is an outermost optical fiber channel of the multi-core optical fiber 3, and the reference light transmission channel 32 is an outermost optical fiber channel of the multi-core optical fiber 3 on the other side of the signal light transmission channel 31. Therefore, the distance between the axis of the reference light transmission channel 32 and the axis of the signal light transmission channel 31 is the farthest, the influence of the reference light on the signal light can be avoided, the transmission environments of the signal light transmission channel 31 and the reference light transmission channel 32 are basically consistent with the properties of the optical fibers, the signal light and the reference light are consistent in the transmission environments, the code rate of the CV-QKD system is high, and the communication efficiency and the safety of the CV-QKD system can be improved.
If the CV-QKD system adopts a fiber core in the multi-core fiber 3 as a reference light transmission channel and a plurality of fiber cores as signal light transmission channels, a preferable mode may be: the light source module 11 includes two or more signal lasers, the chopper module 12 includes two or more chopper units, and the multi-core optical fiber 3 includes two or more signal light transmission channels 31; the number of the signal lasers, the number of the chopping units and the number of the signal light transmission channels 31 are the same; light emitted by the reference light source 4 is injected into the signal lasers of the light source module 11, each signal laser is connected with a chopper unit and used for modulating continuous light emitted by the signal laser into pulsed light, and each chopper unit is connected with a signal light transmission channel 31. For example, the light source module 11 includes a first signal laser 111, a second signal laser 112, and a third signal laser 113, the chopper module 12 includes a first chopper unit 121, a second chopper unit 122, and a third chopper unit 123, the first signal laser 111 is connected to the first chopper unit 121, the second signal laser 112 is connected to the second chopper unit 122, the third signal laser 113 is connected to the third chopper unit 123, the first chopper unit 121, the second chopper unit 122, and the third chopper unit 123 each include a two-stage intensity modulator for chopping the passing continuous light into pulse light, and the pulse emitted by the reference laser 41 transmits the reference light to the first signal laser 111 through a light beam splitter respectively, A second signal laser 112 and a third signal laser 113. In addition, the signal light transmission channel 31 is an outermost optical fiber channel of the multi-core optical fiber 3, the reference light transmission channel 32 is an outermost optical fiber channel of the multi-core optical fiber 3 on the other side relative to the signal light transmission channel 31, the isolation channel 33 is arranged between the signal light transmission channel 31 and the reference light transmission channel 32, the isolation channel 33 is a fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber 3, the isolation channel 33 is not used for transmitting any optical signal, and the influence of the reference light on the signal light can be avoided, so that the operation of the CV-QKD system is ensured.
Therefore, since the optical transmission channel of the present application is the multi-core fiber 3, and the signal light is weak light, other fiber cores except one reference optical transmission channel in the multi-core fiber 3 can be used as the transmission channel of the signal light, that is, each fiber core of other fiber cores can transmit a group of signal light, which can greatly improve the communication efficiency of the system.
The receiving end 2 comprises a first polarization control module 21, a homodyne detection module 22, a second polarization control module 23 and a phase modulation module 24; the optical signal of the signal optical transmission channel 31 is modulated by the first polarization control module 21 and then input to the homodyne detection module 22; the optical signal of the reference optical transmission channel 32 is modulated by the second polarization control module 23 and the phase modulation module 24 and then input to the homodyne detection module 22. In addition, the beam splitting module 13 of the CV-QKD system of the present application may employ a beam splitter or a polarization beam splitter; the beam splitting device in the homodyne detection module 22 may also adopt a beam splitter or a polarization beam splitter.
A CV-QKD quantum key distribution method is characterized in that the method is applied to any one of the CV-QKD systems, and comprises the following specific steps: controlling the reference light source to emit a light signal, transmitting the light signal to the light source module, and exciting the light source module to emit continuous light; controlling a chopping module to chop the continuous light to obtain pulse light; splitting the pulsed light by a beam splitting module to obtain first pulsed light and second pulsed light, wherein the first pulsed light is input to a signal light transmission channel, the second pulsed light is input to a reference light transmission channel, and the second pulsed light is used as reference light; controlling a signal light modulation module to modulate the first pulse light to obtain signal light; transmitting the signal light and the reference light to a receiving end; the receiving end carries out polarization modulation on the received signal light, carries out polarization modulation and phase modulation on the received reference light and completes the detection of the signal light and the reference light; and after the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal are subjected to basis vector comparison, error correction and privacy amplification, an absolutely safe quantum key is obtained, and quantum key distribution is completed.
The present application has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to limit the application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the presently disclosed embodiments and implementations thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these fall within the scope of the present disclosure. The protection scope of this application is subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A CV-QKD system is characterized by comprising a transmitting end (1), a receiving end (2), a multi-core optical fiber (3) and a reference light source (4);
the transmitting end (1) comprises a light source module (11), a chopping module (12), a beam splitting module (13) and a signal light modulation module (14), continuous light output by the light source module (11) is subjected to pulse light through the chopping module (12), the pulse light is subjected to beam splitting module (13) to obtain first pulse light and second pulse light, the first pulse light is modulated by the signal light modulation module (14) to obtain signal light, and the second pulse light is used as reference light;
the multi-core optical fiber (3) comprises a signal light transmission channel (31) and a reference light transmission channel (32), wherein the signal light is transmitted to the receiving end (2) through the signal light transmission channel (31), the reference light is transmitted to the receiving end (2) through the reference light transmission channel (32), and the reference light transmission channel (32) is further used for transmitting the optical signal emitted by the reference light source (4) to the light source module (11).
2. The CV-QKD system according to claim 1, characterized in that if the reference light source (4) is arranged in the middle between the emitting end (1) and receiving end (2), or if the reference light source (4) is arranged at receiving end (2), a polarization adjustment module (15) is also arranged on a reference light transmission channel (32) located at the emitting end (1).
3. The CV-QKD system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the multi-core optical fiber (3) further comprises an isolation channel (33), the isolation channel (33) being located between the signal optical transmission channel (31) and a reference optical transmission channel (32).
4. The CV-QKD system according to claim 3, characterized in that the reference light source (4) comprises a reference laser (41) and a circulator (42);
the optical pulse emitted by the reference laser (41) is input to an I port of the circulator (42) and output from a II port of the circulator (42);
the reference light is output from a II port of the circulator (42) and from a III port of the circulator (42).
5. The CV-QKD system according to claim 3, characterized in that the signal light transmission channel (31) is an outermost fiber channel of the multi-core optical fiber (3), and the reference light transmission channel (32) is an outermost fiber channel of the multi-core optical fiber (3) on the other side with respect to the signal light transmission channel (31).
6. The CV-QKD system according to claim 5, characterized in that said light source module (11) comprises two or more signal lasers, said chopping module (12) comprises two or more chopping units, said multi-core optical fiber (3) comprises two or more of said signal optical transmission channels (31);
the number of the signal lasers, the number of the chopping units and the number of the signal light transmission channels (31) are the same;
light emitted by the reference light source (4) is injected into the signal lasers of the light source module (11), each signal laser is connected with a chopping unit and used for modulating continuous light emitted by the signal lasers into pulse light, and each chopping unit is connected with a signal light transmission channel (31).
7. The CV-QKD system according to claim 6, characterized in that the chopping module (12) consists of two intensity modulators connected in series; the signal light modulation module (14) is composed of an intensity modulator and a phase modulator which are connected in sequence.
8. The CV-QKD system according to claim 3, characterized in that the receiving end (2) comprises a first polarization control module (21), a homodyne detection module (22), a second polarization control module (23) and a phase modulation module (24);
the optical signal of the signal optical transmission channel (31) is modulated by the first polarization control module (21) and then input to the homodyne detection module (22);
the optical signal of the reference optical transmission channel (32) is modulated by the second polarization control module (23) and the phase modulation module (24) and then input to the homodyne detection module (22).
9. The CV-QKD system according to claim 8, characterized in that the beam splitting module (13) employs a beam splitter or a polarizing beam splitter; the beam splitting device in the homodyne detection module (22) adopts a beam splitter or a polarization beam splitter.
10. A quantum key distribution method of CV-QKD, the method being applied to the CV-QKD system of any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprising the following specific steps:
controlling the reference light source to emit a light signal, transmitting the light signal to the light source module, and exciting the light source module to emit continuous light;
controlling a chopping module to chop the continuous light to obtain pulse light;
splitting the pulsed light by a beam splitting module to obtain first pulsed light and second pulsed light, wherein the first pulsed light is input to a signal light transmission channel, the second pulsed light is input to a reference light transmission channel, and the second pulsed light is used as reference light;
controlling a signal light modulation module to modulate the first pulse light to obtain signal light;
transmitting the signal light and the reference light to a receiving end;
the receiving end carries out polarization modulation on the received signal light, carries out polarization modulation and phase modulation on the received reference light and completes the detection of the signal light and the reference light;
and after the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal are subjected to basis vector comparison, error correction and privacy amplification, an absolutely safe quantum key is obtained, and quantum key distribution is completed.
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