CN112876265A - 一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112876265A CN112876265A CN202110173439.4A CN202110173439A CN112876265A CN 112876265 A CN112876265 A CN 112876265A CN 202110173439 A CN202110173439 A CN 202110173439A CN 112876265 A CN112876265 A CN 112876265A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法,包括电熔锆刚玉、电熔锆莫来石、烧结板状刚玉和电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒、电熔镁铝尖晶石粉、金属硅粉、金属铝粉、α锻烧氧化铝粉、碳化硼、钛硅碳和炭黑、有机硅树脂和热固酚醛树脂;将原料混合均匀,经过成型、干燥、烧成、打钢箍、磨制、涂层等精加工后制得成品。本发明的钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖很强的抗侵蚀、抗氧化性,与钢水钢渣不易反应生成低熔物;同时较高的耐磨性和较低的润湿性可以保证产品较高的服役寿命和使用稳定性,尤其在冶炼高等级钢材等复杂炼钢工艺中优势尤为明显。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着我国制造业的发展,高端高等级轴承、弹簧、高铁车轮、车轴、齿轮、汽车板材等钢材需求日益增长,同时也带来对冶炼工艺和炼钢过程控制要求更加严格,而作为炼钢品质影响的关键及转炉挡渣工艺,其挡渣的效果变得尤为重要。转炉下渣量过高不仅影响钢水的脱氧和合金化过程,同时带来大量非金属夹杂物,对后续钢水品质带来不利影响。目前,国内大中型钢铁企业、特钢企业针对转炉炼钢下渣控制问题应用了转炉滑板挡渣技术。转炉滑板挡渣技术是由安装转炉出钢口末端滑动出钢口机构控渣,并通过红外线检渣装置来控制滑板的开启或关闭,达到控渣出钢的目的。即避免转炉出钢前期下渣,出钢完毕后期快速准确关闭滑板,再控制后期下渣。转炉滑板挡渣成功率高,几乎可以100%,出钢后钢包渣层厚度平均只有50mm左右,这样不仅可以提高转炉合金回收率,减少下渣带来钢水中夹杂物增多的危害,同时钢水的洁净度得到改善,钢包减少粘渣,周转包龄也有所提高。转炉滑板挡渣耐火系统由内水口、上下滑板、下水口组成,转炉挡渣滑板作为控制下渣的关键功能耐火材料,不仅要承受转炉钢水高达1600℃以上的热冲击和化学侵蚀,还要满足钢厂冶炼生产的周期条件,即必须要具有较高的使用炉次寿命,不能因滑板损毁而频繁更换滑板而影响炼钢。所以转炉挡渣滑板在设计上必需有较高的服役寿命和使用稳定性。现目前市场上大多转炉滑板寿命大都在12-15炉,材质上主流为铝碳、高温烧成铝锆碳、镶嵌锆质。转炉滑板服役寿命受制约主要原因是滑板经过多次使用浇钢挡渣,本体热震稳定性变差产生裂纹、滑板工作区受钢水、钢渣反复侵蚀导致的高温氧化剥落,板面多次热摩擦、物理摩擦导致拉毛磨损。上述问题得不到有效解决会给炼钢安全生产带来巨大质量、安全事故隐患,轻则控渣不利影响钢水品质,重则出现钢水跑出烧毁设备,现场炼钢断浇停滞等重大事故。
例如,申请人于2020年2月14日申请公开了申请号为201911238045.1的中国专利,名称为一种添加Al4SiC4三元非氧化物转炉挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法。该滑板砖包括粒径为2.3~1mm的板状刚玉颗粒25~33wt%、粒径为1~0.5mm的板状刚玉颗粒16~24wt%、粒径为0.5~0.045mm的板状刚玉颗粒20~26wt%,粒径为0~0.045mm板状刚玉细粉10~15wt%、活性α-Al2O3微粉5~8wt%、Al4SiC4细粉2~6wt%、炭黑2~3wt%、活性金属铝粉4~8wt%、复合抗氧化剂4wt%;外加占总重量4~5%的复合液体树脂结合剂。但是,Al4SiC4作为三元非氧化物熔点大约在2000℃左右,同时Al4SiC4固-固合成条件要求相对较高,必须在1700-1800℃氩气保护下按照摩尔比组成合成,生产成本代价极高,而且Al4SiC4在800℃就开始氧化分解。
申请人致力研发使用寿命更优的转炉挡渣滑板砖功能性耐火材料,经检索,中国专利申请号为201811185347.2,申请公开日为2019年2月1日的专利申请文件公开了一种氮化硅氮化钛结合碳化硅耐火材料及其制备方法。该耐火材料先以55~75wt%的碳化硅颗粒、5~30wt%的碳化硅细粉、5~30wt%的硅粉,0.1~20wt%的钛硅铁合金粉、0~2wt%的石墨和0~2wt%的碳黑为原料,外加所述原料3~8wt%的结合剂,再于混碾机中混练,困料,成型,干燥;然后在含氮气氛中热处理,制得氮化硅氮化钛结合碳化硅耐火材料。所述石墨和碳黑的质量百分含量不同时为0。所述热处理是:先升温至800~1000℃,保温0~12h;再升温至1020~1300℃,保温0.5~12h;然后升温至1320~1450℃,保温0.5~12h。本发明生产成本低,所制制品具有结构均匀致密、抗氧化性能优良、高温力学性能优异、抗热震性能好和抗渣蚀性强的特点。但是,该制品一是在氮气气氛保护下高温烧成,氮气烧成成本高昂,工艺生产复杂周期长;二是主要该发明主要以采用碳化硅、石墨、炭黑为原料主要应用于陶瓷和窑炉领域,但作为转炉挡渣滑板要求高温下具有良好的高温体积稳定性与化学稳定性,且具备较高的高温机械强度和耐磨性,而上述发明的碳化硅耐火材料在氧化铁中容易被腐蚀溶解,且在铁水和真空中容易被氧化,生产工艺上需经过高温烧结烧结来达到一点轻度强度,所以作为转炉挡渣性质的功能性耐火材料并不适用。
再如,中国专利申请号为01800783.X,申请公开日为2002年8月28日的专利申请文件公开了含碳耐火材料及其制造方法,该耐火材料为一种混合物中添加有机粘合剂,混炼,成型,在非氧化气氛中焙烧制得含碳耐火材料,该混合物含有:作为主原料的焙烧无烟煤、煅烧焦炭、天然或人造石墨或其混合物组成的含碳原料50-85wt%、氧化铝细粉5-15wt%、金属硅细粉5-15wt%、以及碳化钛、金属钛、氮化钛及碳氮化钛粉末的一种或二种以上合计5-20wt%。但是,该发明以碳质原料的混合物为主,碳含量高达50-85wt%,其中石墨在高温下易氧化,520℃以上就发生质量损失从而制品强度衰减,无法保证其高温使用强度。
因此,亟需开发一种使用寿命更高的炉挡渣滑板砖材料。
发明内容
1.要解决的问题
本发明提供一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法,通过优化原料配方的组成,使得添加的钛硅碳粉体与其他原料相互配合,得到物理混合后成型的转炉滑板砖具有优于行业上同类型的产品。
进而,本发明还提供一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖的制备方法,通过上述优化后的原料配方组成,解决现有转炉挡渣滑板砖寿命偏低,且使用过程经常出现热震稳定性差、滑板工作区氧化剥落、板面拉毛磨损的问题,同时该转炉挡渣滑板生产工艺简单,能耗低,符合国家倡导绿色、新型、低耗能耐新型耐火材料的发展规划。
2.技术方案
为了解决上述问题,本发明所采用的技术方案如下:
一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖,其特征在于:包括颗粒料、复合粉料和外加剂,其中,所述颗粒料为多种粒径的耐火物料,包括电熔锆刚玉、电熔锆莫来石、烧结板状刚玉和电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒;所述电熔锆刚玉的粒径为3~1mm,所述烧结板状刚玉的粒径为2~1mm,所述电熔锆莫来石的粒径包括1~0.5mm、0.5~0mm两种,所述电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒的粒径为1~0mm;
所述复合粉体包括电熔镁铝尖晶石粉、金属硅粉、金属铝粉、α锻烧氧化铝粉、碳化硼、钛硅碳和炭黑,其中,所述电熔镁铝尖晶石粉的粒径为325目,所述金属硅粉的粒径为500目,所述金属铝粉的粒径为1000目,所述α锻烧氧化铝粉的粒径为2μm,所述碳化硼的粒径为325目,所述钛硅碳的粒径为200目;所述炭黑的粒径为25~30nm。
所述外加剂包括有机硅树脂和热固酚醛树脂,其中,所述有机硅树脂为高温有机硅树脂,其粘度(25℃)为3500-4500cP;所述热固酚醛树脂的粘度(25℃)为12000~15000cP。
进一步地,所述各原料组成成分及其质量份数为:
电熔锆刚玉5~10份;
烧结板状刚玉 15~25份;
1~0.5mm粒径的电熔锆莫来石 5~15份;
0.5~0mm粒径的电熔锆莫来石 0~5份;
电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒8~15份;
所述有机硅树脂添加量为颗粒料和复合粉体质量总和的2%;所述热固型酚醛树脂添加量为颗粒料和复合粉体质量总和的3~4%,其中热固酚醛树脂w(C固含量)≥50%。
进一步地,所述电熔锆刚玉中,w(Al2O3+ZrO2)≥98%,w(ZrO2)≥40%。
进一步地,所述电熔锆莫来石中,w(Al2O3)40~50%,w(ZrO2)≥33%,电熔锆莫来石的体积密度为3.2g·cm-3。
进一步地,所述烧结板状刚玉中,w(Al2O3)≥99%,颗粒料板状刚玉的体积密度为3.5g·cm-3。
进一步地,所述电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒和电熔镁铝尖晶石粉中,w(Al2O3)≥70%,w(MgO)≥20%;镁铝尖晶石(MgAl2O4)为二元金属氧化物AB2O4,镁铝尖晶石有较好的物理、化学和热性能,其熔点2135℃抗化学侵蚀、机械强度高、硬度高(16GPa)、体积密度为3.58g/cm3、热膨胀系数低,作为结构性陶瓷成分是极佳的耐火物。
进一步地,所述钛硅碳为灰黑色粉末,密度4.53g/cm3,热膨胀系数m/(m·K)为9.2×10-6,熔点3000℃。
进一步地,所述α锻烧氧化铝粉中,w(Al2O3)≥99%。
进一步地,所述金属铝粉中,w(Al)≥99%。
进一步地,所述金属硅粉中,w(Si)≥99%。
进一步地,所述碳化硼粉的摩氏硬度为9.3,相对密度(d204)2.508~2.512,熔点2350℃。
进一步地,所述碳黑牌号为N330,其中w(C)≥99%。
一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖的制备方法,步骤为:先将颗粒料按比例混合均匀,然后复合粉体按质量份数干混均匀制成预混粉料,之后将颗粒料、预混粉料和外加剂高速混炼,最后经过成型、干燥、烧成、打钢箍、磨制、涂层等精加工后制得成品。
进一步地,具体步骤为:
(1)颗粒料的配料:按照原料质量份数配颗粒料;
(2)预混粉料:将复合粉体用行星式震动高能球磨机干混25~35min,使各细粉组分均匀分散开并密封保存备用,得到预混粉料;
(3)高速混炼:将步骤(1)配得的颗粒料与步骤(2)预混粉料混合,并加入热固性酚醛树脂和有机硅树脂混合8~10min,混合均匀后的泥料在恒温室困料8~10h,恒温室要求保持温度25℃,相对湿度50~60%;
(4)成型:步骤(3)困好的泥料使用LAEIS2500吨液压机成型为半成品毛坯;
(5)干燥:将步骤(4)制好的半成品毛坯自然凉放24h后,进入燃气干燥器,干燥温度分两段,第一段以30℃每小时匀速升温至110℃后保温20小时,第二段以30℃每小时匀速升温至210℃保温24小时;
(6)打钢箍:将步骤(6)烧制好的产品冷却至常温后,将厚度为6mm宽度35mm的Q235材质冷轧钢箍热套在转炉滑板本体上,用来防止产品使用时裂纹的扩展和延伸;
(7)磨制:将步骤(7)打好钢箍的转炉滑板砖经数控磨床精磨工作面,平整度达到0.03mm后,干燥后备下道工序加工;
(8)涂层:将步骤(8)精磨好的转炉滑板砖涂上专用的耐高温涂料,红外干燥后制得成品。
3.有益效果
相比于现有技术,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明的钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖,其中添加的钛硅碳(Ti3SiC2)的晶体结构为六方晶系,是Ti—Si—C三元系化合物,它既具有陶瓷的高熔点、高化学稳定性、高耐磨性等,又具有金属的导热性、高韧性、高温塑性,同时Ti-C为强共价键结合,层状Ti3SiC2陶瓷的结晶体结构上双层Ti6C八面体被Si层隔开,故有易于劈裂的片层特性具有它有很好的自润滑性——超低摩擦性,这就使转炉滑板与钢水接触反复摩擦具有较低的润湿性和良好的自润滑性,不易于钢水发生反应导致产品表面损毁;
(2)本发明添加的Ti3SiC2陶瓷的理论密度为4.538g/cm3,熔点高达3000℃,其氧化动力学曲线为抛物线行,1000℃的抛物氧化速率指数为Kw=2×10-8kg2·m-4·s-1,可与金属的抗氧化性比拟;具体为Ti3SiC2陶瓷材料在氧化时表面会生成TiO2和SiO2膜层,SiO2层可以阻止氧的扩散,同时Ti3SiC2同氧气的接触面,氧向内扩散,钛和碳则向外扩散,最终会在材料表面形成双层氧化膜即外层氧化膜由TiO2组成,内层氧化膜则由SiO2和TiO2组成,阻止了转炉滑板表面的继续氧化,随着转炉滑板浇钢过程中使用温度的升高,到1250℃时转炉滑板表面完全形成SiO2和TiO2膜层;
(3)本发明添加的金属铝、金属硅合金能够在1050℃实现Ti3Si(Al)C2基复相陶瓷,进一步增强转炉滑板基体,提高其高温强度;同时金属铝在600℃左右时会熔化成液相,铝液会加剧与Ti3SiC2陶瓷材料在氧化时表面会生成TiO2和SiO2膜层,来防止产品使用过程氧化;
(4)本发明添加的金属硅,Si与Ti3SiC2骨架继续反应生成SiC,另一方面与Ti3SiC2高温自分解出的TiC反应生成Al4C3,Al4C3和SiC进一步生成了Al4SiC4和Al8SiC7三元碳化物特硬质相,三元碳化物有熔点高,抗氧化性优异,与高温熔体的润湿性差等特点;
(5)本发明钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖中加入锆刚玉、锆莫来石,因其中ZrO2在不同温度下发生相变产生体积膨胀,并伴随微裂纹生成,微裂纹的生成可以起到坯体增韧的作用,提高其抗热震性;
(6)本发明引入的抗氧化剂碳化硼(B4C)细粉高温使用过程中和氧气反应生成的B2O3和材料中氧化铝粉生成硼酸铝晶须,进一步增强的材料本体;
(7)本发明钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖中,金属铝粉、钛硅碳粉具有较好的塑性,加入到耐火材料中后,借助其塑性特性,成型压制具有“塑性成型”的特性,使得坯体的组织结构将更加致密,其机压密度可以稳定达到3.15g·cm-3;
(8)本发明的钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖常温强度和高温强度优良,生产工艺上不需要高温烧制和浸渍沥青等复杂工艺增加体积密度,而本发明生产工艺流程简单能耗低,生产周期短,环保节能,符合国家倡导绿色、新型、低耗能耐新型耐火材料的发展规划;
(9)本发明的钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖很强的抗侵蚀、耐冲刷、抗氧化,与钢水不易反应生成低熔物;同时较高的耐磨性和较低的润湿性可以保证产品较高的服役寿命和使用稳定性,尤其在冶炼高等级钢材等复杂炼钢工艺中优势尤为明显。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中得到的转炉挡渣滑板砖的结构示意图;
图2为实施例1中得到的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用18炉后的形貌图;
图3为实施例2中得到的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用17炉后的形貌图;
图4为对比例1中得到的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用14炉后的形貌图;
图5为对比例2中得到的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用18炉后的形貌图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进一步进行描述。
表1各实施例及对比例的原料质量份数配方
实施例1
本实施例的一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖,其包括颗粒料、复合粉料和外加剂,其中,颗粒料为多种粒径的耐火物料,包括电熔锆刚玉、电熔锆莫来石、烧结板状刚玉和电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒;电熔锆刚玉的粒径为3~1mm,w(Al2O3+ZrO2)≥98%,w(ZrO2)≥40%;烧结板状刚玉的粒径为2~1mm,w(Al2O3)≥99%,颗粒料板状刚玉的体积密度为3.5g·cm-3;电熔锆莫来石的粒径包括1~0.5mm、0.5~0mm两种,w(Al2O3)40~50%,w(ZrO2)≥33%,电熔锆莫来石的体积密度为3.2g·cm-3;电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒的粒径为1~0mm;
复合粉体包括电熔镁铝尖晶石粉、金属硅粉、金属铝粉、α锻烧氧化铝粉、碳化硼、钛硅碳和炭黑,其中,电熔镁铝尖晶石粉的粒径为325目,电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒和电熔镁铝尖晶石粉中,w(Al2O3)≥70%,w(MgO)≥20%;镁铝尖晶石(MgAl2O4)为二元金属氧化物AB2O4,镁铝尖晶石有较好的物理、化学和热性能,其熔点2135℃抗化学侵蚀、机械强度高、硬度高(16GPa)、体积密度为3.58g/cm3、热膨胀系数低,作为结构性陶瓷成分是极佳的耐火物;金属硅粉的粒径为500目,w(Si)≥99%;金属铝粉的粒径为1000目,w(Al)≥99%;α锻烧氧化铝粉的粒径为2μm,w(Al2O3)≥99%;碳化硼的粒径为325目,且摩氏硬度为9.3,相对密度(d204)2.508~2.512,熔点2350℃;钛硅碳的粒径为200目,钛硅碳为灰黑色粉末,密度4.53g/cm3,热膨胀系数m/(m·K)为9.2×10-6,熔点3000℃;炭黑的粒径为25~30nm,牌号优选N330,其中w(C)≥99%。
外加剂包括有机硅树脂和热固酚醛树脂,其中,有机硅树脂为高温有机硅树脂,其粘度(25℃)为3500-4500cP;热固酚醛树脂的粘度(25℃)为12000~15000cP。
本实施例的配方如表1所示。由表1的配方,通过以下方法制备一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖,具体步骤为:
(1)颗粒料的配料:按照原料质量份数配颗粒料;
(2)预混粉料:将复合粉体用行星式震动高能球磨机干混25~35min,使各细粉组分均匀分散开并密封保存备用,得到预混粉料;
(3)高速混炼:将步骤(1)配得的颗粒料与步骤(2)预混粉料混合,并加入热固性酚醛树脂和有机硅树脂混合8~10min,混合均匀后的泥料在恒温室困料8~10h,恒温室要求保持温度25℃,相对湿度50~60%;
(4)成型:步骤(3)困好的泥料使用LAEIS2500吨液压机成型为半成品毛坯;
(5)干燥:将步骤(4)制好的半成品毛坯自然凉放24h后,进入燃气干燥器,干燥温度分两段,第一段以30℃每小时匀速升温至110℃后保温20小时,第二段以30℃每小时匀速升温至210℃保温24小时;
(6)打钢箍:将步骤(6)烧制好的产品冷却至常温后,将厚度为6mm宽度35mm的Q235材质冷轧钢箍热套在转炉滑板本体上,用来防止产品使用时裂纹的扩展和延伸;
(7)磨制:将步骤(7)打好钢箍的转炉滑板砖经数控磨床精磨工作面,平整度达到0.03mm后,干燥后备下道工序加工;
(8)涂层:将步骤(8)精磨好的转炉挡渣滑板砖涂上专用的耐高温涂料,红外干燥后制得成品,如图1所示。
本实施例的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用18炉后形貌如图2所示,图中可以看出,铸孔扩孔均匀,板面氧化轻微,板面润滑良好,无较大的拉毛磨损情况。
实施例2
本实施例的原料以及制备方法与实施例1基本相同,其不同之处在于:原料的质量份数不同,具体见表1。
本实施例的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用17炉后形貌如图3所示,滑板砖侵蚀扩孔较小,滑动面光泽润滑无明显氧化。
实施例3
本实施例的原料以及制备方法与实施例1基本相同,其不同之处在于:原料的质量份数不同,具体见表1。本实施例的转炉挡渣滑板砖的使用寿命可达21炉。
实施例4
本实施例的原料以及制备方法与实施例1基本相同,其不同之处在于:原料的质量份数不同,具体见表1。
本实施例颗粒料中电熔锆莫来石只有1~0.5mm粒径的,制得的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用寿命为16炉,但与实施例1相比,本实施例转炉挡渣滑板砖的抗热震性能有所下降,使用后表面裂纹有扩展,主要是因为电熔锆莫来石高温下易析出SiO2相,增强电熔锆莫来石颗粒与基质的结合程度,且电熔锆莫来石的共晶及多裂纹结构对裂纹的扩展起“分裂”和“吸收”等作用,对提高滑板的抗热震性能有较大益处,因此,添加较多的电熔锆莫来石可以加强转炉挡渣滑板砖的抗热震性能,并且较小粒径的电熔锆莫来石最先被氧化析出SiO2,并且分布于颗粒料空隙之间,进一步加强结合强度的作用。
对比例1
本对比例的原料以及制备方法与实施例1基本相同,其不同之处在于:不含金属硅粉和金属铝粉,具体配方见表1。得到的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用寿命为14炉,与实施例1相比,未添加金属硅粉和金属铝粉成型塑性低,坯体体积密度低,常温、高温强度差,且高温使用过程中抗氧化性和抗渣性较差。
本对比例的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用14炉后形貌如图4所示,图中可以看出,转炉挡渣滑板铸孔扩孔大,铸孔周边裂纹延展较多且滑动面工作区氧化发白,滑动行程上粘有钢渣与渣有低熔物析出。
对比例2
本对比例的原料以及制备方法与实施例1基本相同,其不同之处在于:不含钛硅碳,另外添加碳化钛粉和金属钛粉,具体配方见表1。得到的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用寿命为15炉,与实施例1相比,具有高氧化性钢水对TiC进行氧化而产生氧化脱碳层,使滑板砖的结构疏松产生裂纹及剥落。这样就更加导致转炉熔渣的快速渗入,使基体与渣中组分作用而产生新的物相改变耐火材料的性能。本对比例的转炉挡渣滑板砖使用18炉后形貌如图5所示,图中可以看出,滑板表现出抗氧化较差,工作板面氧化发白剥落,滑动区磨损拉毛并轻微夹钢现象。
表2为各实施例及对比例钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖指标。
表2钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖指标
由表2可以得出:通过对比例和实施例的对比,钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖添加适量的金属铝、金属硅有助于制品的致密和坯体强度,添加一定量的钛硅碳粉体有助于提高其抗氧化性和高温强度。
Claims (10)
1.一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖,其特征在于:包括颗粒料、复合粉料和外加剂,所述颗粒料包括电熔锆刚玉、电熔锆莫来石、烧结板状刚玉和电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒;所述复合粉料包括电熔镁铝尖晶石粉、金属硅粉、金属铝粉、α锻烧氧化铝粉、碳化硼、钛硅碳和炭黑;所述外加剂包括有机硅树脂和热固酚醛树脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖,其特征在于:所述电熔锆刚玉的粒径为3~1mm,所述烧结板状刚玉的粒径为2~1mm,所述电熔锆莫来石的粒径包括1~0.5mm、0.5~0mm两种,所述电熔镁铝尖晶石颗粒的粒径为1~0mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖,其特征在于:所述电熔镁铝尖晶石粉的粒径为325目,所述金属硅粉的粒径为500目,所述金属铝粉的粒径为1000目,所述α锻烧氧化铝粉的粒径为2μm,所述碳化硼的粒径为325目,所述钛硅碳的粒径为200目;所述炭黑的粒径为25~30nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖,其特征在于:所述有机硅树脂的粘度为3500-4500cP,所述热固酚醛树脂的粘度为12000~15000cP,所述热固酚醛树脂w(C固含量)≥50%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖,其特征在于:所述金属铝粉中,w(Al)≥99%;所述金属硅粉中,w(Si)≥99%。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖,其特征在于:所述有机硅树脂添加量为颗粒料和复合粉体质量总和的2%;所述热固型酚醛树脂添加量为颗粒料和复合粉体质量总和的3~4%。
8.一种权利要求7所述的钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖的制备方法,其特征在于:先将颗粒料按比例混合均匀,然后复合粉体按质量份数干混均匀制成预混粉料,之后将颗粒料、预混粉料和外加剂高速混炼,最后经过成型、干燥、烧成、打钢箍、磨制、涂层等精加工后制得成品。
9.根据权利要求8所述的钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖的制备方法,其特征在于:制备方法具体步骤为:
(1)颗粒料的配料:按照原料质量份数配颗粒料;
(2)预混粉料:将复合粉体用球磨机干混至使各细粉组分均匀分散得到预混粉料;
(3)高速混炼:将步骤(1)配得的颗粒料与步骤(2)预混粉料混合,并加入热固性酚醛树脂和有机硅树脂混合均匀得到泥料,后将泥料在恒温室困料8~10h,恒温室要求保持温度25℃,相对湿度50~60%;
(4)成型:步骤(3)困好的泥料压制成型半成品毛坯;
(5)干燥:将步骤(4)制好的半成品毛坯自然凉放24h后,进入燃气干燥器,干燥温度分两段,第一段以30℃每小时匀速升温至110℃后保温20小时,第二段以30℃每小时匀速升温至210℃保温24小时;
(6)打钢箍;
(7)磨制;
(8)涂层:将步骤(8)磨好的转炉滑板砖涂上专用的耐高温涂料,红外干燥后制得成品。
10.根据权利要求9所述的钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中,复合粉体用行星式震动高能球磨机干混25~35min。
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CN113461410A (zh) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-01 | 河南熔金高温材料股份有限公司 | 一种添加氮化钛包裹莫来石的Al-Al2O3滑板砖及其生产方法 |
CN113461410B (zh) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-09-09 | 河南熔金高温材料股份有限公司 | 一种添加氮化钛包裹莫来石的Al-Al2O3滑板砖及其生产方法 |
CN113979761A (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-01-28 | 马鞍山利尔开元新材料有限公司 | 一种三元复合自修复免烧滑板砖及其制备方法 |
CN113979761B (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-01-17 | 马鞍山利尔开元新材料有限公司 | 一种三元复合自修复免烧滑板砖及其制备方法 |
CN114477973A (zh) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-05-13 | 河北国亮新材料股份有限公司 | 一种大尺寸机压中间包冲击板及其制备方法 |
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