CN112872393B - Fixtures and processing machines - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and discloses a fixture device and a processing machine tool, wherein the fixture device comprises a mounting seat, a chuck assembly, a clamping assembly and an abutment portion, wherein the chuck assembly is rotatably arranged on the mounting seat, and the chuck assembly is provided with a through hole for penetrating a workpiece along its axial direction, and multiple groups of clamping assemblies are arranged circumferentially along the chuck assembly, and the clamping assemblies are movably arranged on the chuck assembly and can extend into or out of the through hole along the radial direction of the chuck assembly, and the abutment portion is movably arranged along the axial direction of the chuck assembly and can cooperate with the inclined surface of the clamping assembly, and the abutment portion moves along the axial direction of the chuck assembly to drive multiple groups of clamping assemblies to synchronously extend into the through hole to clamp the workpiece, or synchronously escape from the through hole to loosen the workpiece. The fixture device realizes the synchronous driving of multiple groups of clamping assemblies, is convenient for clamping and loosening the workpiece, is easy to operate, and improves the efficiency and clamping accuracy of the workpiece clamping.

Description

Fixtures and processing machines

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a clamp device and a processing machine tool.

Background Art

When a machining machine tool processes a workpiece, it needs to clamp the workpiece through a clamping device. The existing clamping device includes a center frame and a plurality of clamping jaws movably arranged on the center frame. When the clamping device is used to clamp the workpiece, the three clamping jaws need to be manually adjusted to contact the surface of the workpiece, and manually adjusted to a suitable tightness to clamp the workpiece, and then the workpiece is processed. When the clamping device is used to mass produce workpieces, due to its low clamping efficiency, high labor intensity, and low workpiece clamping accuracy, the final workpiece processing accuracy will be affected, and it cannot meet the needs of mass production of workpieces.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a clamp device and a processing machine tool, which solves the technical problems that the existing clamp device needs to manually adjust the clamping jaws one by one during clamping, resulting in low clamping efficiency and low clamping accuracy.

To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The present invention provides a clamp device, comprising:

Mounting seat;

A chuck assembly is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat, and the chuck assembly is provided with a penetration hole for penetrating a workpiece along its axial direction;

A clamping assembly, wherein a plurality of groups of the clamping assemblies are arranged along the circumference of the chuck assembly, and the clamping assemblies are movably arranged on the chuck assembly and can extend into or out of the through hole along the radial direction of the chuck assembly;

The abutment portion is movably arranged along the axial direction of the chuck assembly and can cooperate with the inclined surface of the clamping assembly. The abutment portion moves along the axial direction of the chuck assembly to drive multiple groups of the clamping assemblies to synchronously extend into the through-hole to clamp the workpiece, or synchronously escape from the through-hole to loosen the workpiece.

The chuck assembly of the clamping device is provided with a through hole along its axial direction, and the workpiece can be passed through the through hole. Multiple groups of clamping assemblies are provided in the circumference of the chuck assembly. The abutment portion moves along the axial direction of the chuck assembly and cooperates with the clamping assembly through an inclined surface to drive the multiple groups of clamping assemblies to synchronously extend into the through hole to clamp the workpiece, or synchronously escape from the through hole to loosen the workpiece. The clamping device realizes synchronous driving of multiple groups of clamping assemblies, facilitates clamping and loosening of the workpiece, is easy to operate, and improves the efficiency and clamping accuracy of the workpiece.

As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned clamp device, the clamp device further includes:

A first driving device, wherein the first driving device is used to drive the chuck assembly to rotate.

The first driving device is arranged to drive the chuck assembly to rotate, so as to drive the workpiece to rotate, thereby realizing the automation of the workpiece rotation.

As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned clamp device, the first driving device includes:

A driving unit, the driving unit is arranged on the mounting seat;

The transmission assembly comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel meshing with each other, wherein the driving wheel is arranged at the output end of the driving part, and the driven wheel is arranged on the chuck assembly.

The first driving device has a simple structure and stable transmission, and can drive the chuck assembly to rotate stably.

As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned clamping device, the driven wheel and the chuck assembly are coaxially arranged.

The driven wheel and the chuck assembly are coaxially arranged, so that the chuck assembly can realize circular motion, so as to facilitate the rotation of the workpiece around its axis and improve the processing accuracy when processing the workpiece.

As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned clamping device, a first inclined surface is arranged on the abutting portion, and a second inclined surface is arranged on the clamping assembly. The abutting portion moves along the axial direction of the chuck assembly, and the first inclined surface cooperates with each of the second inclined surfaces to press the clamping assembly to extend into or out of the through hole.

The driving of the clamping assembly into or out of the through hole is achieved through the cooperation of the first inclined surface on the abutting portion and the second inclined surface on the clamping assembly, which has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned clamp device, a mounting groove is provided on the mounting seat, and the abutment portion is movably disposed in the mounting groove along the axial direction of the mounting seat.

The mounting seat is provided with a mounting groove, which enables the abutting part to move in the mounting groove and can limit the movement stroke of the abutting part through the mounting groove.

As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned clamp device, the clamp device further includes a reset member, which is arranged between the clamping assembly and the chuck assembly and is used to drive the clamping assembly to reset.

The setting of the reset member can drive the clamping assembly to reset, so as to avoid interference of the clamping assembly when the workpiece is installed in the penetration hole.

As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned clamp device, the clamp device further comprises a second driving device, and the second driving device is configured to drive the abutting portion to move along the axial direction of the chuck assembly.

The second driving device can drive the abutting portion to move along the axial direction of the chuck assembly, thereby realizing the automation of workpiece clamping.

The present invention also provides a processing machine tool, comprising the above-mentioned clamping device.

The processing machine tool can synchronously clamp the workpiece from the circumference of the workpiece through the clamp device, thereby improving the installation efficiency.

As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned processing machine tool, it also includes:

A base, on which two sets of the clamping devices are arranged at intervals, and the two sets of the clamping devices are respectively clamped at two ends of the workpiece; and

The tool assembly comprises two groups of tool assemblies which are spaced apart on the base, the fixture device is arranged between the two groups of tool assemblies, and the two groups of tool assemblies can process the two ends of the workpiece respectively.

The processing machine tool clamps the two ends of the workpiece respectively through two sets of clamping devices, and processes the two ends of the workpiece through two sets of tool assemblies, thereby completing the processing of the two ends of the workpiece with one clamping of the workpiece, without secondary positioning errors, improving work efficiency and clamping accuracy, and ensuring processing quality.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The clamp device proposed in the present invention has a chuck assembly with a through hole along its axial direction, and a workpiece can be inserted into the through hole. A plurality of clamping assemblies are arranged circumferentially of the chuck assembly. The abutment portion moves along the axial direction of the chuck assembly and cooperates with the clamping assemblies through inclined surfaces to drive the plurality of clamping assemblies to synchronously extend into the through hole to clamp the workpiece, or synchronously escape from the through hole to loosen the workpiece. The clamp device realizes synchronous driving of the plurality of clamping assemblies, facilitates clamping and loosening of the workpiece, is easy to operate, and improves the clamping efficiency and clamping accuracy of the workpiece.

The processing machine tool proposed in the present invention clamps the two ends of the workpiece respectively by two sets of clamping devices, and processes the two ends of the workpiece by two sets of tool assemblies, thereby completing the processing of the two ends of the workpiece when the workpiece is clamped once, without secondary positioning error, improving work efficiency and clamping accuracy, and ensuring processing quality.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing machine tool provided by the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamp device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the clamp device provided by the present invention.

In the figure:

100, fixture device; 200, base; 300, tool assembly; 400, workpiece; 500, lifting device;

1. Mounting seat; 11. Mounting slot;

2. Chuck assembly; 21. Drilling hole;

3. Clamping assembly; 31. Second inclined surface;

4. abutment portion;

5. First driving device; 51. Driving unit; 521. Driving wheel; 522. Driven wheel; 53. Speed reducer;

6. Reset parts.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

Graphite electrodes are important purchases in the metal smelting industry. Since graphite electrodes are soft, bulky, and require high processing precision, special processing equipment is required. In particular, the processing quality of the inner cone thread of the graphite electrode not only directly affects the bonding strength of the electrode during use, but also has a crucial impact on the conductive properties of the electrode. Therefore, it is the most complex and critical process in graphite electrode processing. Existing graphite electrode thread processing machines generally adopt a design scheme in which a spindle at one end clamps the workpiece for rotation, and a sparse cutter shaft clamps the tool to achieve cutting motion. It has the following defects: 1. There are two positioning errors between the thread end face and the thread, and the perpendicularity error with the thread center line is large; 2. The processing time is long and the processing efficiency is low. In order to solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a processing machine tool for processing a workpiece, which is a graphite electrode. As shown in Figure 1, the processing machine tool includes a base 200, two groups of clamping devices 100 and two groups of tool assemblies 300. The two groups of clamping devices 100 are arranged on the base 200 at intervals, and the two groups of clamping devices 100 are clamped at both ends of the workpiece 400 respectively. The two groups of tool assemblies 300 are arranged on the base 200 at intervals, and the clamping device 100 is arranged between the two groups of tool assemblies 300. The two groups of tool assemblies 300 can process the two ends of the workpiece 400 respectively, and the processing of the two ends of the graphite electrode can be achieved by clamping once, thereby improving the processing efficiency and processing accuracy.

Furthermore, in order to facilitate the installation of the graphite electrode, the processing machine tool also includes a lifting device 500 for supporting the graphite electrode. The lifting device 500 can be telescopically moved in the vertical direction to adjust the height of the graphite electrode, so as to facilitate the transportation of the graphite electrode to the clamping position of the clamping device 100, and to avoid interference with the graphite electrode after clamping in place. It should be noted that when the tool assembly 300 processes the graphite electrode, the lifting device 500 is reset, that is, in a retracted state.

Optionally, in order to realize the processing of graphite electrodes of different lengths, two sets of clamping devices 100 and two sets of tool assemblies 300 are respectively slidably arranged on the base 200, so as to facilitate the processing of graphite electrodes of different sizes. The clamping device 100 and the tool assembly 300 can be independently slidably arranged on the base 200, and the clamping device 100 and the tool assembly 300 located on the same side of the lifting device 500 can also be synchronously slidably arranged on the base 200, specifically, the clamping device 100 and the tool assembly 300 located on the same side of the lifting device 500 are installed on the same slide, and the slide is slidably arranged on the base 200.

Optionally, the tool assembly 300 includes a transverse feeding device, a longitudinal feeding device and a tool, the longitudinal feeding device is slidably arranged on the base 200, the transverse feeding device is arranged on the longitudinal feeding device, and the tool is arranged on the transverse feeding device, and the position of the tool along the axial direction of the graphite electrode is adjusted by the transverse feeding device to adjust the depth of the hole machined by the tool on the graphite electrode; the longitudinal feeding device can adjust the position of the tool along the axial direction perpendicular to the graphite electrode to adjust the diameter of the hole machined by the tool on the graphite electrode. Of course, the installation position relationship between the transverse feeding device, the longitudinal feeding device and the tool is not limited to the above-mentioned installation method, as long as the movement of the tool assembly 300 in the three-dimensional direction can be realized.

The processing machine tool also includes a control device. The clamp device 100, the transverse feeding device, and the longitudinal feeding device are electrically connected to the control device respectively, so as to control the actions of each component through the control device.

Optionally, a positioning sensor is provided on the tool assembly 300. Therefore, no matter how long the workpiece 400 is, the positioning sensor can automatically identify the position of the graphite electrode. When the positioning sensor and the graphite electrode reach the appropriate position, a signal is sent out, and the control device controls each component to enter the processing program. There is no need for tool alignment or re-clamping and adjustment, thereby saving time and improving efficiency, thereby realizing automated processing.

The processing machine tool clamps the two ends of the workpiece 400 respectively through two sets of clamping devices 100, and processes the two ends of the workpiece 400 through two sets of tool assemblies 300, thereby completing the processing of the two ends of the workpiece 400 in the case of clamping the workpiece 400 once, without secondary positioning errors, improving work efficiency and clamping accuracy, and ensuring processing quality.

As shown in Figures 1-4, the clamping device 100 includes a mounting seat 1, a chuck assembly 2, a clamping assembly 3 and an abutment portion 4. The mounting seat 1 is installed on the base 200. The chuck assembly 2 is rotatably set on the mounting seat 1 through a bearing. The chuck assembly 2 is provided with a penetration hole 21 for penetrating the workpiece 400 along its axial direction. Multiple groups of clamping assemblies 3 are circumferentially arranged along the chuck assembly 2. The clamping assembly 3 is movably arranged on the chuck assembly 2 and can extend into or out of the penetration hole 21 along the radial direction of the chuck assembly 2. The abutment portion 4 is movably arranged along the axial direction of the chuck assembly 2 and can cooperate with the inclined surface of the clamping assembly 3. The abutment portion 4 moves along the axial direction of the chuck assembly 2 to drive multiple groups of clamping assemblies 3 to synchronously extend into the penetration hole 21 to clamp the workpiece 400, or synchronously escape from the penetration hole 21 to loosen the workpiece 400. In this embodiment, the tool is a combing tool, and the chuck assembly 2 is rotatably disposed on the mounting seat 1 , which can provide power for the rotation of the workpiece 400 to achieve the processing of the threaded hole at the end of the workpiece 400 .

The chuck assembly 2 of the clamping device 100 is provided with a through hole 21 along its axial direction, and the workpiece 400 can be penetrated in the through hole 21. A plurality of clamping assemblies 3 are provided in the circumference of the chuck assembly 2. The abutment portion 4 moves along the axial direction of the chuck assembly 2 and cooperates with the clamping assembly 3 through an inclined surface to drive the plurality of clamping assemblies 3 to synchronously extend into the through hole 21 to clamp the workpiece 400, or synchronously escape from the through hole 21 to loosen the workpiece 400. The clamping device 100 realizes synchronous driving of the plurality of clamping assemblies 3, facilitates clamping and loosening of the workpiece 400, is easy to operate, and improves the clamping efficiency and clamping accuracy of the workpiece 400.

As shown in Fig. 2, three groups of clamping assemblies 3 are arranged evenly along the circumference of the chuck assembly 2 to clamp the workpiece 400. Of course, the clamping assemblies 3 are not limited to three groups, and four or more groups can be set according to the specific situation.

As shown in FIG3 , the clamp device 100 further includes a reset member 6, which is disposed between the clamping assembly 3 and the chuck assembly 2 and is used to drive the clamping assembly 3 to reset. The reset member 6 is disposed to drive the clamping assembly 3 to reset, so as to prevent the workpiece 400 from being interfered with by the clamping assembly 3 when it is installed in the through hole 21. In this embodiment, the reset member 6 is a spring, one end of which abuts against the chuck assembly 2, and the other end of the spring abuts against the clamping assembly 3. When the abutting portion 4 presses against the clamping assembly 3, the clamping assembly 3 is extended into the through hole 21, and the spring is compressed at this time; when the abutting portion 4 is reset, it is disengaged from the pressure on the clamping assembly 3, and the clamping assembly 3 is reset by the restoring force of the spring.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the clamp device 100 further includes a first driving device 5, which is used to drive the chuck assembly 2 to rotate. The first driving device 5 can drive the chuck assembly 2 to rotate, so as to drive the workpiece 400 to rotate, thereby realizing the automation of the rotation of the workpiece 400.

Specifically, the first driving device 5 includes a driving part 51 and a transmission assembly, wherein the driving part 51 is arranged on the mounting seat 1 and is electrically connected to the control device, and the transmission assembly includes a meshing driving wheel 521 and a driven wheel 522, wherein the driving wheel 521 is arranged at the output end of the driving part 51 through a speed reducer 53, and the driven wheel 522 is arranged on the chuck assembly 2. In this embodiment, the driven wheel 522 is arranged on the periphery of the chuck assembly 2. The driving part 51 drives the driving wheel 521 to rotate, so as to drive the driven wheel 522 to rotate, thereby driving the chuck assembly 2 to rotate. The above-mentioned first driving device 5 has a simple structure and stable transmission, and can drive the chuck assembly 2 to rotate stably. Of course, the first driving device 5 can also be other transmission modes, such as belt drive, chain drive, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

Preferably, the driven wheel 522 and the chuck assembly 2 are coaxially arranged so that the chuck assembly 2 can realize circular motion, so as to facilitate the rotation of the workpiece 400 around its axis and improve the processing accuracy when processing the workpiece 400.

Optionally, the abutment portion 4 is an annular structure, and a first inclined surface is provided on the inner side wall of the annular structure. As shown in FIG3 , a second inclined surface 31 is provided on the clamping assembly 3. The abutment portion 4 moves along the axial direction of the chuck assembly 2, and the first inclined surface cooperates with each second inclined surface 31 to press the clamping assembly 3 to extend into or out of the through hole 21. Through the cooperation of the first inclined surface on the abutment portion 4 and the second inclined surface 31 on the clamping assembly 3, the clamping assembly 3 is driven to extend into or out of the through hole 21, which has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

The clamp device 100 also includes a second drive device, which is electrically connected to the control device and is configured to drive the abutment portion 4 to move axially along the chuck assembly 2. The second drive device can drive the abutment portion 4 to move axially along the chuck assembly 2 to achieve automation of clamping the workpiece 400. The second drive device can be an oil cylinder, an air cylinder, etc., and the second drive device can also be other structures. The specific structure is not specifically limited here, and it only needs to be able to achieve linear drive.

As shown in Fig. 3, the mounting seat 1 is provided with a mounting groove 11, and the abutting portion 4 is movably arranged in the mounting groove 11 along the axial direction of the mounting seat 1. The mounting seat 1 is provided with the mounting groove 11, which enables the abutting portion 4 to move in the mounting groove 11, and the movement stroke of the abutting portion 4 can be limited by the mounting groove 11.

The working principle of the processing machine tool is:

First, the workpiece 400 to be processed is raised to a height corresponding to the through hole 21 of the clamp device 100 by the lifting device 500 .

Then, the positions of the two sets of clamp devices 100 are adjusted so that the workpiece 400 is inserted into the insertion holes 21 of the two sets of clamp devices 100 , and the abutting portion 4 is driven to move by the second driving device to press the multiple sets of clamping components 3 so that the workpiece 400 is clamped synchronously.

Afterwards, the positions of the two sets of tool assemblies 300 are adjusted so that the two ends of the workpiece 400 correspond to the corresponding tool assemblies 300, the workpiece 400 is driven to rotate by the first driving device 5, and the workpiece 400 is processed by the tool assembly 300. After the workpiece 400 is processed, the tool assembly 300 and the clamping device 100 are reset.

In the description of this article, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "right" and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "an embodiment", "example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

In addition, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1.A clamp device, comprising:

A mounting base (1);

The chuck assembly (2) is rotationally arranged on the mounting seat (1), and a penetrating hole (21) for penetrating the workpiece (400) is formed in the chuck assembly (2) along the axial direction of the chuck assembly;

The clamping assemblies (3) are arranged in a plurality of groups along the circumferential direction of the chuck assembly (2), and the clamping assemblies (3) are movably arranged on the chuck assembly (2) and can extend into or out of the penetrating holes (21) along the radial direction of the chuck assembly (2);

The abutting part (4) is movably arranged along the axial direction of the chuck assembly (2) and can be matched with the inclined surface of the clamping assembly (3), the abutting part (4) moves along the axial direction of the chuck assembly (2) to drive a plurality of groups of clamping assemblies (3) to synchronously extend into the penetrating holes (21) to clamp the workpiece (400), or synchronously release from the penetrating holes (21) to loosen the workpiece (400);

The clamping assembly (3) is provided with second inclined planes (31), the abutting part (4) moves along the axial direction of the chuck assembly (2), and the first inclined planes are matched with the second inclined planes (31) so as to press the clamping assembly (3) to extend into or separate from the penetrating hole (21);

The mounting seat (1) is provided with a mounting groove (11), and the abutting part (4) is movably arranged in the mounting groove (11) along the axial direction of the mounting seat (1);

the clamp device further comprises a reset piece (6), wherein the reset piece (6) is arranged between the clamping assembly (3) and the chuck assembly (2) and is used for driving the clamping assembly (3) to reset.

2. The clamp apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clamp apparatus further comprises:

-first driving means (5), said first driving means (5) being adapted to drive said chuck assembly (2) in rotation.

3. A clamp device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first drive means (5) comprises:

a driving unit (51), wherein the driving unit (51) is provided on the mounting base (1);

The transmission assembly comprises a driving wheel (521) and a driven wheel (522) which are meshed, the driving wheel (521) is arranged at the output end of the driving part (51), and the driven wheel (522) is arranged on the chuck assembly (2).

4. A clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that the driven wheel (522) and the chuck assembly (2) are coaxially arranged.

5. The clamping device according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the clamping device further comprises a second driving means configured to drive the abutment (4) in an axial movement of the chuck assembly (2).

6. A machine tool comprising a clamp device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The machine tool of claim 6, further comprising:

the two groups of clamp devices are arranged on the base (200) at intervals and are clamped at two ends of the workpiece (400) respectively; and

The fixture device comprises a cutter assembly (300), two groups of cutter assemblies (300) are arranged on a base (200) at intervals, the fixture device is arranged between the two groups of cutter assemblies (300), and the two groups of cutter assemblies (300) can respectively process two ends of a workpiece (400).